Chapter 10 - Planning and Cabling Networks CCNA Exploration 4.0

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Chapter 10 - Planning and Cabling Networks CCNA Exploration 4.0

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Identify the basic network media required to make a LAN connection. Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device connections in a LAN. – Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and crossover cables. Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used for WAN connections. Define the role of device management connections when using Cisco equipment. Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign ranges for hosts, network devices and the router interface. ...

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Chapter 10 - Planning and Cabling Networks CCNA Exploration 4.0 Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Overview • Identify the basic network media required to make a LAN connection. • Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device connections in a LAN. – Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and crossover cables. - Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used for WAN connections. - Define the role of device management connections when using Cisco equipment. • Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign ranges for hosts, network devices and the router interface. • Compare and contrast the importance of network designs H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
LANs – Making the Physical Connections H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection • Select the appropriate hardware, including the cabling, to install several computers together in a LAN H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection Router: • interconnect two LAN • interconnect a LAN and a WAN Hubs: for small LAN Switches: for LAN H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection • Number of factors that need to be considered H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection Cost • The cost of a switch is determined by: capacity (port available and switching speed), features, network management capabilities, security technologies, and optional advanced switching technologies. • "cost per port" calculation, cable length. • The invest in redundancy. The effect if there are problems with a single central switch. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces • The speed : 10/100/1000 Mbps. Can increased speeds without replacing the devices. • The number and type of ports: – Just enough ports for today's needs? – A mixture of UTP speeds? – Both UTP and fiber ports? • The number of UTP ports and fiber ports will be needed. The number of 1 Gbps ports and 10/100 Mbps ports. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection Factors to Consider in Choosing a Router • Similar to the switch, cost and interface types and speeds must be considered as well. Additional factors: – Expandability – Media – Operating System Features Expandability • Fixed configurations • Modular devices • Most modular devices come with a basic number of fixed ports as well as expansion slots. • Select the appropriate modules and interfaces for the specific media. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection Operating System Features • features and services such as: – Security – Quality of Service (QoS) – Voice over IP (VoIP) – Routing multiple Layer 3 protocols – Special services such as NAT and DHCP • The budget is an important consideration. The media used to connect to the router should be supported without needing to purchase additional modules. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Device interconnections H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN Four physical areas to consider: • Work area • Telecommunications room, also known as the distribution facility • Backbone cabling, also known as vertical cabling • Distribution cabling, also known as horizontal cabling H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN • Total Cable Length – Attenuation phenomenon. – For UTP: spans four areas, maximum distance is 100 meters per channel. Up to 5 meters of patch cable for interconnecting patch panels as well as cable from the cable termination point on the wall to the telephone or computer. • Work Areas – EIA/TIA standard: From end devices to the wall jacks have a maximum length of 10 meters. – Straight-through cable and crossover cable is typically used. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN Telecommunications Room • Is where connections to intermediary devices take place. Contains the intermediary devices - hubs, switches, routers, and data service units (DSUs) - that tie the network together. These devices provide the transitions between the backbone cabling and the horizontal cabling. • Patch cords connects between the patch panels and the intermediary devices. Patch cables also interconnect these intermediary devices. • Also contains the servers used by the network. Horizontal Cabling • To connect the telecommunication rooms with the work areas, 90 meters max. Backbone Cabling, or vertical cabling • To connect the telecommunication rooms to the equipment rooms, where the servers are often located. Also interconnects multiple telecommunications rooms. Sometimes routed outside the building to the WAN connection or ISP. • Are used for aggregated traffic. Backbones typically require high bandwidth media such as fiber-optic cabling. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN Types of Media: factors to consider • Cable length • Cost • Bandwidth • Ease of installation • Susceptible to EMI/RFI H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Example: User location H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN Cable Length • The total length: from the end devices to the intermediary device (includes from devices to wall plug, from wall plug to cross-connecting point, or patch panel, and from patch panel to the switch). • The longer the media, the more attenuation will affect the signal. Cost • Vary from media type to media type, and the staff might not realize the impact on the budget. Bandwidth • Carefully consider the bandwidth requirements depends on devices (server or single user). • Currently, the technology used in fiber-optic media offers the greatest bandwidth available among the choices for LAN media. Wireless is also supporting huge increases in bandwidth, but it has limitations in distance and power consumption. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN Ease of Installation • Varies according to cable types and building architecture. • UTP cable: lightweight, flexible, small diameter, which allows it to fit into small spaces. The connectors, RJ-45 plugs: easy to install. • Fiber-optic cables: contain a thin glass fiber. Crimps or sharp bends can break the fiber. Connectors (ST, SC, MT-RJ): difficult to install and require special equipment. • Wireless networks: easier to install than UTP or fiber cable. Be effected by radio frequency devices and building construction. Electromagnetic Interference/Radio Frequency Interference • Must be considered when choosing a media type. • Interference can be produced by electrical machines, lighting, and other communications devices, including computers and radio equipment. • Wireless is the medium most susceptible to RFI. Before using wireless technology, potential sources of interference must be identified and, if possible, minimized. H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
Types of Connections in a LAN H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com