Đặc điểm tế bào máu ngoại vi và tế bào tủy xương ở bệnh nhân u lympho không Hodgkin tại Bệnh viện Ung Bướu Hà Nội

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remains a significant malignancy globally, ranking among the most common cancers in Vietnam. Accurate diagnosis, staging, and prognostic assessment are crucial for effective patient management. Hematological evaluations, specifically assessing peripheral blood cells and bone marrow cells, play a pivotal role in this process. Patients with NHL frequently present with various hematological abnormalities, including anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, often attributed to tumor invasion into the bone marrow or systemic inflammatory responses. Despite the recognized importance of these parameters, comprehensive local data on the specific characteristics of peripheral blood and bone marrow in newly diagnosed NHL patients remains limited. This study aims to describe these hematological features at a major oncology hospital in Vietnam, contributing valuable insights for clinical practice and further research.

Hematologists, oncologists, pathologists, medical researchers, and healthcare professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the characteristics of peripheral blood cells and bone marrow cells in 110 newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients at Hanoi Oncology Hospital between May 2023 and July 2024. The findings reveal a mean patient age of 58.85 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. Hematological abnormalities were prevalent, including anemia observed in 38.18% of patients, peripheral leukocytosis in 29.09%, and thrombocytopenia in 12.73%. Bone marrow examination further indicated significant dysfunction, with hypocellularity in 31.82% and hypercellularity in 11.82% of cases. Specifically, decreased marrow cellularity was noted in 31.82% and increased cellularity in 11.82%. Morphological abnormalities were also identified in red blood cells (11.82%) and granulocytes (14.55%). The study also touched upon prognostic indicators like NLR, LMR, and RPR, noting their potential utility in assessing disease progression, though further local research is needed. The common occurrence of anemia, various blood cell count abnormalities, and bone marrow dysfunction underscores the importance of comprehensive hematological assessment. The study concludes that combining peripheral blood tests with bone marrow examination is a valuable and effective approach for detecting and evaluating these critical abnormalities, thereby aiding in better diagnosis, staging, and prognostic assessment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients. These insights emphasize the necessity of robust hematological monitoring in clinical management.