Đánh giá tình hình nhiễm giun móc, giun mỏ và các yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân tăng bạch cầu ái toan tại Trung tâm Y tế Thành phố Thuận An, tỉnh Bình Dương, Việt Nam

Hookworm infection, caused by parasites like Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, remains a significant public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions, including Vietnam. Transmitted primarily through direct contact with contaminated soil, these infections can lead to chronic anemia and impaired health, particularly affecting agricultural populations. Eosinophilia, a common hematological indicator of parasitic infestations, often serves as an early sign. Given Binh Duong province's environmental suitability for parasite development and its large working population, understanding the epidemiology of hookworm infections in vulnerable groups is crucial for effective public health interventions. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hookworm infection and identify associated factors among patients presenting with eosinophilia at Thuan An City Medical Center, Binh Duong, thereby enhancing diagnostic and control strategies.

Public health researchers, medical professionals, and policymakers interested in parasitic diseases, particularly hookworm infection and its control in tropical regions.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the prevalence of hookworm infection and its associated factors among 137 eosinophilia patients (defined as ≥ 300 cells/mm³) at Thuan An City Medical Center in Binh Duong province. Stool samples were meticulously analyzed using both fresh stool microscopy and the Willis concentration technique to accurately determine infection status. The research identified an 8% prevalence of hookworm infection within this specific patient group. Key demographic and behavioral factors, including agricultural occupation, educational level, barefoot walking, direct soil contact with bare hands, and irregular use of anthelmintic drugs, were initially found to be associated with infection. Furthermore, clinical indicators such as gastrointestinal symptoms, anemia, hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count also showed associations. Through a multivariate regression analysis, anemia and direct soil exposure emerged as independent risk factors significantly associated with hookworm infection. These findings underscore the persistent risk of hookworm transmission in the surveyed area of Binh Duong. The study advocates for targeted interventions focusing on modifying risk behaviors like barefoot walking and direct soil contact, promoting consistent deworming practices, and enhancing anemia screening. Such measures are crucial for the early detection and effective control of hookworm infections, ultimately improving public health outcomes in areas with high prevalence.