A. THEORY
- Pronunciation, vocabulary- Unit 6-9
- Language function- speaking Unit 6-9
- Grammar- Unit 6-9
I. MODAL VERBS FOR SPECULATION IN THE PAST/AT PRESENT
You can use modal verb structures to speculate things
- Must: used when you are sure something is/ was true.
- May/ might/ could: used when you think it’s possible sth is or was true.
- Can’t/ couldn’t: used when you are sure sth isn’t or wasn’t true.
Present: must/ maight/ may/ could/ can’t + V
Past: S + must/might/may/could/can’t + have + Vpp
Eg: It must be a lion. (Chắc chắn đây là con sư tử)
Eg: Yesterday, I saw abig animal. It must have been a lion.
Eg: They might have huge arms to lift the blocks of stone. (Có lẽ họ đã sử dụng những cánh tay khổng lồ để nhấc
những tảng đá lớn)
II. USED TO AND WOULD
-You can use USED TO + V or WOULD + V to talk about regualr past actions, past habits that no longer happpen.
-USED TO + V: talk about past things and situations that are no longer true (usually with stative verbs: be, have,
love…)
Eg: Harry used to be a good student.
- Don’t use USED TO/ WOULD + V for single past actions.
Eg: In 1963, my granddad bought his first car.
III. GERUND AS SUBJECT AND OBJECT
- Gerunds are forms of verbs ending with -ing that act as nouns. They can act as a subject or an object in a sentence.
●Gerund as subject: Taking care of your own health is very important for an independent life.
●Gerund as object: I find being self-reliant a very difficult thing to do.
IV. PERFECT GERUNDS AND PERFECT PARTICIPLES
-Perfect gerunds (Having Vpp): talk about events happening before the time of the main verb.
Eg: She was ashamed of having spent all of her money before the end of the year.
Eg: He denied having broken the window.
-Perfect participle (Having Vpp): used to reduce the time clauses or clauses of resaon when actions in these clauses
happened and finished before the action of the main verbs.
Eg: Having passed the exam, she felt happy. (Because she passed the exam, she felt happy)
Eg: Having finished her work, she went home. (After she had finished her work, she went home)
V. GIVE ADVICE
-It's (high) time + S + Ved/ V2 = It’s (high) time for sb to V
- It's (high) time + S + didn’t + Vbare
-S + had better (not) + Vbare
Eg: It's time we left the party. = It’s time for us to leave the party.
Eg: You had better finish your homework before bedtime.
VI. TENSES
1. FUTURE PERFECT
- Form: will have + past participle.
-Meaning: to talk about actions that will finish before a certain time in the future
- Signs: by 2025, by the time S + V(s/es)
Eg: By 2060, future builders will have used materials mined from older buildings to construct modern buildings.
Eg: By the time you are 18, you will have finished your secondary education.
2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS
-Form: will (not) + be + Ving.
-Meaning: to anticipate ongoing actions in the future or denote an action that will be happing at a specific time in
the future.
- Signs: at/ by this time next week, at 7 a.m. tomorrow ……
Eg: At this time next month, we will be taking the final exam.
VII. THE PASSIVE
1. FORM: BE + Vpp
- Used when it isn’t important/ you don't know who performed the action.
SỞ GD & ĐT HÀ NỘI
Trường THPT Phúc Thọ ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 11 DISCOVERY
Năm học 2023- 2024
-Use by + person/ thing when mentioning who/what performed the action.
2. Special passive:
- When you arrange somebody to do something for you. (You don’t do it yourself)
Active: S + have + O1 (normally persons) +Vbare + O2 (things)
Passive: S + have/ get + O2 (thing) + Vpp + by O1(person).
Eg. I had my mother wash my hair yesterday
I had my hair washed (by my mother) yesterday.
VIII. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS, EACH OTHER AND ONE ANOTHER
IX. BOTH, EITHER, NEITHER, NONE
1. BOTH/ EITHER/ NEITHER:
- used to talk about 2 things or 2 people
- used with and without OF
- Both/ Neither/ Either + N
- Both of / neither of / either of + the/ these / my / Tom’s … + Noun
Eg: Both of the students/ Both students are hardworking. (Cả 2 bạn HS đều chăm chỉ)
Eg: Neither of the students/ Neither student is/ are hardworking. (Cả 2 bạn HS đều không chăm)
Eg: We can go to either restaurant. (Chúng ta có thể đến hoặc cái nhà hàng này hoặc nhà hàng kia đều được)
-
2. NONE
-Nothing or no one abomg more than 2 things/ people
-None of the + N
Eg: We tried a lot of hotels. None of them had any rooms. All of them were full.
X. PHRASAL VERBS WITH GO
- walk away from: rời khỏi - set off: khởi hành - carry on: tiếp tục
- run out of: hết - put sb up: cho ai ở qua đêm - put sth up: dựng (lều)
- turn into: trở thành - break dowm: hỏng, bị hỏng - bring sb up: nuôi dạy ai đó
B. EXERCISES
PHONECTICS
Choose the underlined part which is pronounced differently from the rest
1. A. decisive B. credit C. impulsive D. public
2. A. self-reliant B. develop C. respect D. hygiene
3. A. opportunities B. social C. emotional D. goal
4. A. recreation B. vertical C. monitor D. megacity
5. A. habitat B. infrastructure C. transportation D. atmosphere
6. A. self-reliant B. develop C. hygiene D. respect
7. A. opportunities B. social C. emotional D. goal
8. A. trivival B. livable C. reliant D. decision
9.
A. poverty B. comb C. downhill D. emotion
10. A. thermostat B. infrastructure C. transportation D. atmosphere
11. A. megacity B. evade C. estate D. emission
12. A. concrete B. evade C. estate D. emission
13. A. hygiene B. general C. program D. region
14. A. exist B. child C. resident D. liveable
15. A. cynical B. suspicion C. sociocultural D. concern
Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the rest
16. A. suspension B. transport C. continent D. valley
17. A. determined B. emotional C. management D. shampoo
18. A. develop B. decision C. impulsive D. poverty
19. A. emotion B. poverty C. liveable D. habitat
20. A. barefoot B. seatbelt C. downhill D. public
21. A. megacity B. amenity C. emotion D. decisive
22. A. resident B. livable C. emission D. management
23. A. cycle B. suburb C. respect D. barefoot
24. A. exist B. credit C. payment D. toothpaste
25. A. winding B. challenge C. payment D. downhill
26. A. achieve B. concrete C. concern D. uphill
27. A. evade B. control C. cycle D. achieve
28. A. public B. transport C. seatbelt D. exist
29. A. abuse B. welcome C. respect D. exist
30. A. decisive B. habitat C. management D. atmosphere
31. A. financial B. impulsive C. sugary D. decision
32. A. cynical B. reliant C. consider D. amenity
33. A. responsible B. conditioner C. decisive D. payment
34. A. achieve B. consider C. toothbrush D. impulsive
35. A. urban B. suburb C. evade C. dweller
VOCABULARY
36. My big sister should be more __________. She doesn’t know how to take care of herself.
A. self-reliant B. self-reliance C. decisive D. decisiveness
37. Mum, why do I have to be __________ for the broken dish? It’s not my fault!
A. decisive B. managing C. considerable D. responsible
38. Where is your __________? Come on, make up your mind.
A. decide B. decision C. decisive D. decisiveness
39. You have to __________ a clear goal if you really want to succeed.
A. set B. make C. consider D. achieve
40. Being good at __________, she nearly never wastes her time.
A. earning money B. self-development C. time management D. goal setting
41. __________ buying shows poor financial management.
A. Decisive B. Financial C. Impulsive D. Responsible
42. Urban farming is an example of _________ that promotes sustainable food production in cities without much
human's labour.
A. automated technology B. well-developed infrastructure C. high-speed transportation D. green spaces
43. A/An __________ is a densely populated and highly developed urban area
A. megacity B. residential area C. recreation centre D. industrial estate
44. The use of __________ can help keep cyclists safe from drivers.
A. concrete materials B. automated taxis C. cycle lane D. biodiverse habitats
45. The _____ of public buildings can be utilized for green initiatives such as urban gardens or solar panels.
A. roofs B. common lands C. city dwellers D. cemeteries
46. A __________ is an essential feature in a city, providing entertainment for its residents.
A. high-speed transportation B. greening C. recreation centre D. well-developed infrastructure
47. The concept of "going green" refers to adopting environmentally friendly practices and using __________.
A. mine B. vertical C. sustainable energy D. monitor
48. To ensure safety, passengers must _________ their seatbelts once they get in the car.
A. fasten B. fastened C. cross D. forget
49. Many different projects were implemented last year to ensure children’s general __________.
A. well-being B. abuse C. poverty D. disadvantage
50. We realized our car tires were flat. Unfortunately, we had to _____ because we _____ from anyone.
A. walked on barefoot/got a lift B. walk on barefoot/didn’t got a lift
C. walk on barefoot/didn’t get a lift D. didn’t walk on barefoot/get a lift
MODAL VERBS FOR SPECULATION IN THE PAST/AT PRESENT
51. I don’t see her on the school bus. She _______ the bus.
A. may have miss B. may miss C. must have missed D. must miss
52. The murderer ______ my husband because he was with me the whole day.
A. can’t have been B. must have been C. could be D. is
53. We woke up too late this morning. I’m afraid that we ______ the bus. So hurry up before it’s late!
A. must miss B. may miss C. could have missed D. can’t miss
54. Mary______ be in this room. It’s her voice.
A. must B. have to C. should D. need
55. The girl in this picture _______ Elinor because she has the same tattoo! I can’t be mistaken!
A. can’t be B. must be C. can be D. might be
USED TO AND WOULD
56. Going to school _____ so dangerous for children as they had to travel long distances on foot or boat.
A. used to B. are C. used to be D. will be
57. In the past, there _____ any suspension bridges and it was difficult to cross the river.
A. would be B. didn’t use to be C. used to be D. wouldn’t be
58. I _____ to school by bus. But my dad _____ a car 2 years ago and now he always gives me a ride.
A. went/bought B. used to/would C. used to/used to D. used to/bought
59. There _____ a lot of trees but deforestation caused them to disappear.
A. was B. used to be C. wouldn’t be D. are
60. Marianne ________ her ankles yesterday. I saw her walking normally this morning!
A. must have sprained B. can’t have sprained C. must sprain D. can’t sprain
61. In 1983, we ______ to Hanoi. We _____ in Ho Chi Minh before.
A. would move/would live B. used to move/used to live C. moved/used to live D. move/live
GIVING ADVICE
62. You have grown up now. It’s high time you __________ more responsible.
A. have B. had C. become D. became
63. You ________ take along some cash. The restaurant may not accept credit cards.
A. has to B. had better C. can D. could
64. Kids, you had better __________ if you want mum to take you to the park.
A. behave B. behaved C. have behaved D. being behaved
65. It’s time for you __________ to sleep - it’s already very late.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
66. It's about time Mrs Richards ______to me for having called me a gossip in front of everybody.
A. apologizes B. should apologize C. to apologize D. apologized
GERUND AS SUBJECT AND OBJECT, PERFECT GERUNDS AND PERFECT PARTICIPLES
67. __________ all your money on sales days every month is not wise.
A. Spend B. Spending C. Having spent D. Spent
68. Yesterday, __________ sick, she had to stay home from school.
A. having been B. has been C. being D. was
69. __________ to many places around the world, my teacher knows a lot about different countries.
A. Travelling B. Having travelled C. Has travelled D. Travelled
70. I find __________ not really difficult, but a lot of fun!
A. bake B. baking C. baked D. having baked
71. I remember ____ advised you to stop hunting endangered animals.
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
72. The local authorities were blamed ____ ignored the pollution issues in the area.
A. about having B. on having C. for having D. before having
73. ______the responsibility for the environment it caused, the factory was forced to close down.
A. Having denied B. Have denied C. To deny D. Denying
74. ______ about the relationship between climate change and the spread of infectious diseases, everyone should get
vaccinated.
A. Having warned B. Having been warned C. Warning D. Having been warn
75. These companies were accused of ______ a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. being released B. Have released C. releasing D. having released
76. ______on the topic of the presentation, he started finding relevant information for it.
A. Having decide B. Having deciding C. Having decided D. Having to decide
PASSIVE VOICE
77. I will have my computer __________ the next time I go into town.
A. fix B. fixed C. fixes D. fixing
78. Last weekend, a large amount of money __________ by the community centre to help needy children.
A. was raised B. has been raised C. is raised D. is being raised
79. I will have my computer __________ the next time I go into town.
A. have my computer fix B. have fixed my computer
C. have my computer fixed D. have my computer fixing
80. He didn't fix his car himself, but he ______ at the garage.
A. had it fixed B. had to fix it C. had fixed it D. had it fixing
81. I am going to do my shopping online and I am ______ to my house.
A. having to deliver it B. having it delivered C. delivering it D. having it delivered
82. Are you going to paint the kitchen yourself or are you going to ______?
A. have it painted B. paint it C. have it paint D. painting it
83. If you can't see properly, you should ______.
A. test your eyes B. have your eyes tested C. have tested your eyes D. have your eyes test
84. People should ______ every six months.
A. have their health checked B. have their health check
C. have to check their health D. have their health checking
85. She is not making her own wedding dress; she is ______ by a designer in Italy.
A. having it made B. having it to make C. having it make D. having it to be made
86. My father couldn't repair the plumb, so he ______ by a plumber.
A. had it repair B. had repaired C. had it repaired D. had it to repair
PRONOUNS
87. How long did it take her to prepare __________ for the end-of-term test?
A. yourself B. himself C. itself D. herself
88. I and my best friend phone __________ almost every day.
A. each other B. ourselves C. themselves D. yourselves
89. Mr. Tran is very good at expressing __________ in English.
A. itself B. myself C. yourself D. himself
90. What do you and your siblings often talk to __________ about?
A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves D. one another
91. They can only blame __________ for their sedentary lifestyle.
A. yourselves B. ourselves C. themselves D. yourself
92. __________ of the three oppositions candidates would make a better president than the incumbent.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
93. __________ of the options seem appealing to me, but I think the first one is better.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None
94. __________ of my friends, Anh and Phương, have seen that movie yet.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. No
TENSES
95. At 6 p.m tomorrow, we _______ dinner.
A. will have prepared B. will prepare C. will be preparing D. prepare
96.
I am sorry. I can't go to the party tonight. I ______ for an important meeting.
A. will have preapred B. will be preparing C. will prepare D. had prepared
97. Don't call me after 9 p.m. tonight as I ______ .
A. am sleeping B. will have slept C. will sleep D. will be sleeping
98. This time next week, we ______ our final exam.
A. is taking B. will take C. will be taking D. have taken
99. This time next week, I __________ a conference in the city.
A. will have been attending B. will be attending C. will have attended D. will attend
100. At nine o'clock, the baby ………….
A. will sleep B. will have slept C. is sleeping D. will be sleeping
101. That’s what they always say, but they…………… about it by next year.
A. will surely forget B. will surely have forgotten C. will be surely be forgetting D. surely forget
102. I ______ English at 8 a.m. tomorrow.
A. will be studying B. will have studied C. will study D. had studied
103. At this time tomorrow, they ______ badminton in the park.
A. will be playing B. will have played C. will play D. have played
104. At 9 p.m. tonight, I ______ for my final exam.
A. will be preparing B. will have preapred C. will prepare D. am preparing
105. The show ______ at 6 p.m. tomorrow.
A. will be started B. will have started C. will be starting D. started
106. At 7 p.m next Sunday, she ______ a concert.
A. will attend B. will have attended C. are attending D. will be attending
107. At this time tomorrow, we ………. to New York.
A. are flying B. will fly C. will have flown D. will be flying
108. I …… a speech at my friend’s wedding on Friday at seven.
A. will have given B. will give C. will be giving D. am giving
109. When you come home, I ...........dinner for you.