7 secrets for e
7 secrets for e7 secrets for e
7 secrets for english
nglishnglish
nglish learners
learners learners
learners
(7 bÝ quyÕt cho ng−êi häc tiÕng Anh)
***from Josef Essberger http://englishclub.com/***
Secret 1: LEARN ABOUT WORD STRESS
(BÝ quyÕt 1: T×m hiÓu träng ©m cña tõ)
Word Stress is golden key number one for speaking and understanding
English. Word Stress is “very important” ... This is one of the “best” ways for you
to understand spoken English – especially English spoken fast.
(Träng ©m cña tõ lµ ch×a khãa vµng sè 1 ®Ó nãi vµ hiÓu tiÕng Anh. Träng ©m
cña tõ rÊt quan träng ... §©y lµ mét trong nh÷ng c¸ch hay nhÊt ®Ó b¹n hiÓu tiÕng
Anh ng−êi ta nãi - ®Æc biÖt lµ tiÕng Anh nãi nhanh).
What is Word Stress? (Träng ©m cña tõ lµ g×?)
Take 3 words: photograph, photographer and photographic, for example. Do
they sound the same when spoken? No! They sound different, because “one”
syllable in each word is “stressed” (stronger than the others).
(H1y lÊy vÝ dô 3 tõ: photograph, photographer vµ photographic. Khi nãi lªn,
chóng nghe cã gièng nhau kh«ng? Kh«ng! Chóng nghe kh¸c nhau v× trong mçi
ch÷ cã mét vÇn ®−îc nhÊn m¹nh h¬n c¸c vÇn kh¸c).
PHotograph
phoTOgrapher
photoGHRAPHic
This happens in ALL words with 2 or more syllables: TEACHer, JaPAN,
CHINa, aBOVE, converSAtion, INteresting, imPORtant, deMAND, etCETera.
The syllables that are not stressed are ‘weak’ or ‘small’ or ‘quiet’. Native
speakers of English listen for the stressed syllables, not the weak syllables. If you
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use Word Stress in your speech, you will instantly and automatically improve
your pronunciation and your comprehension.
If you have an English teacher, ask her to help you understand Word Stress.
Try to hear the stress in words each time you listen to English – on the radio, or in
films for example. Your first step is to “hear” and recorgnise it. After that, you
can “use” it!
(§iÒu nµy x¶y ra trong tÊt cc¸c tõ cã 2 vÇn trë lªn ... C¸c vÇn kh«ng nhÊn
th× gäi lµ ‘yÕu’ hay ‘nhÑ’. Ng−êi b¶n ng÷ nãi tiÕng Anh l¾ng nghe c¸c vÇn ®−îc
nhÊn chø hä kh«ng ®Ó ý nghe nh÷ng vÇn ‘yÕu’. NÕu b¹n sö dông träng ©m cña tõ
trong lêi nãi, b¹n sÏ nhanh chãng vµ tù ®éng trau giåi c¸ch ph¸t ©m vµ kh¶ n¨ng
hiÓu cña m×nh trë nªn kh¸ h¬n.
NÕu b¹n cã gi¸o viªn d¹y th× h1y nhê gi¸o viªn gióp ®Ó hiÓu träng ©m cña
tõ. H1y cè nhËn ra träng ©m c¸c tõ mçi khi b¹n nghe tiÕng Anh – trªn ra®i«,
trong phim ch¼ng h¹n. B−íc ®Çu tiªn lµ ‘nghe’ vµ nhËn ra nã. Sau ®ã b¹n cã thÓ
‘dïng’ nã.)
More about Word Stress (with audio files):
http://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/
A best friend is like a four leaf clover:
hard to find and lucky to have.
(B¹n hiÒn nh− l¸ diªu b«ng
§i t×m khã gÆp, t−¬ng phïng h÷u duyªn.).
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Secret 2: sentence stress
(BÝ quyÕt 2: Träng ©m trong c©u)
Sentence Stress is golden key number two for speaking and understanding
English. With Sentence Stress, some *words* in a sentence are “stressed” (loud)
and other words are weak (quiet). Look at the following sentence:
(Träng ©m trong c©u lµ ch×a khãa vµng thø 2 ®Ó nãi vµ hiÓu tiÕng Anh. Víi
träng ©m trong c©u, mét sè tõ trong mét c©u ®−îc nhÊn m¹nh cßn nh÷ng tõ kh¸c
th× ®äc yÕu. B¹n h1y nh×n c©u sau ®©y:)
We want to go
Do we say every word with the same tress and force? No! We
make the
important words *big* and the unimportant words small. What are the important
words in this sentence? Yes, you’re right: WANT and GO.
(Cã ph¶i ch÷ nµo chóng ta còng ®äc m¹nh nh− nhau kh«ng? Kh«ng! Chóng
ta h1y viÕt nh÷ng tõ quan träng b»ng ch÷ in lín vµ nh÷ng tõ kh«ng quan träng
b»ng ch÷ in nhá. Nh÷ng tõ nµo lµ quan träng trong c©u nµy? Ph¶i råi, WANT vµ
GO.)
We WANT to GO.
We WANT to GO to WORK.
We DON’T WANT to GO to WORK.
We DON’T WANT to GO to WORK at NIGHT.
It’s impossible to explain everything about Sentence Stress here. The
important thing for you is that you know it exists and try to learn about it.
Sentence Stress is *very important*!
(ë ®©y kh«ng thÓ gi¶i thÝch ®Çy ®ñ vÒ träng ©m trong c©u. §iÒu quan träng
®èi víi b¹n lµ ph¶i biÕt cã nã vµ cè g¾ng häc ®iÓm nµy. Träng ©m trong c©u lµ
rÊt quan träng!)
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Anyone can become angry – that is easy. But to be angry with the right
person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right
way – this is not easy. ___aristotle___
(BÊt cø ai còng cã thÓ næi giËn - ®iÒu Êy dÔ. Nh−ng giËn ®óng ng−êi, ®óng
møc, ®óng lóc, ®óng môc ®Ých vµ giËn ®óng c¸ch - ®iÒu nµy míi lµ khã.)
Secret 3: listen! Listen! Listen!
(BÝ quyÕt 3: Nghe vµ h·y l¾ng nghe!)
Students sometimes say: ‘I don’t listen to the news on the radio because it’s
too fast for me and I can’t understand it.’. That’s a pity! When it’s too fast for
you, when you can’t understand it, that is exactly when you NEED to lesten to
it!!! How can you improve if you don’t listen and practise?
(C¸c sinh viªn ®«i khi nãi: “Em kh«ng nghe tin tøc trªn ra®i« v× nã nhanh
qu¸ ®èi víi em nªn em kh«ng hiÓu”. ThËt ®¸ng tiÕc! Khi nã nhanh qu¸ vµ em
kh«ng hiÓu ®−îc ®ã chÝnh lµ lóc c¸c em cÇn ph¶i l¾ng nghe chø!!! NÕu c¸c em
kh«ng l¾ng tai tËp nghe th× lµm sao mµ nghe giái cho ®−îc?)
When you were a baby, did you understand your own language? When you
were 3 weeks old, or 2 months, or 1 year, did you understand everything? Of
course not! But you learned to understand by listening. Think about it. You
learned to understand your own language by listening, 24 hours a day, 7 days a
week. After that, you learned to speak. Then you learned to read. And then you
learned to write. But listening came first!
(Khi míi sinh ra , c¸c em cã hiÓu tiÕng nãi cña c¸c em kh«ng? Lóc c¸c em
®−îc 3 tuÇn hay 2 th¸ng hoÆc 1 n¨m tuæi c¸c em cã hiÓu hÕt mäi thø kh«ng? DÜ
nhiªn lµ kh«ng! Muèn hiÓu ®−îc c¸c em ph¶i l¾ng nghe. H1y nhí nh− vËy! §Ó
hiÓu ng«n ng÷ cña chÝnh m×nh c¸c em ®1 häc b»ng c¸ch nghe, 24 giê mçi ngµy, 7
ngµy mçi tuÇn. Sau ®ã c¸c em häc nãi. Råi th× häc ®äc vµ tiÕp ®Õn lµ häc viÕt.
Nh−ng l¾ng nghe lµ viÖc tr−íc tiªn!)
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Secret 4: don’t listen!
(BÝ quyÕt 4: §õng l¾ng nghe!)
In the last secret I said LISTEN! LISTEN! LISTEN! Now I say don’t
listen! What do I mean?
(Trong bÝ quyÕt võa råi t«i nãi: L¾ng nghe, h1y l¾ng nghe! B©y giê t«i l¹i
nãi: §õng l¾ng nghe! ý t«i muèn nãi g× ®©y?)
Do you know the difference between the verbs TO LISTEN and TO HEAR?
TO LISTEN is active. TO HEAR is passive. Sometimes you can LISTEN too
hard. Sometimes you can TRY too hard. Sometimes it is better only to HEAR. Let
the radio play. Let the cassette play. But DON’T listen. Just HEAR. Your
subconscious sill listen for you. And you will still learn. If you listen and try to
understand, you may block on one word and get frustrated. Don’t worry! Just
HEAR!. Let it play. And you - you do nothing. Your brain will HEAR, your
subconscious will LISTEN and you will LEARN!
(B¹n cã biÕt sù kh¸c nhau gi÷a hai ®éng tõ L¾ng nghe vµ Nghe kh«ng? L¾ng
nghe cã tÝnh c¸ch chñ ®éng. Nghe cã tÝnh c¸ch bÞ ®éng. §«i khi b¹n cã thÓ l¾ng
nghe hÕt søc ch¨m chó. §«i khi b¹n cã thÓ cè r¸ng søc ®Ó nghe. §«i khi tèt h¬n
b¹n chØ cÇn NGHE th«i. Cø ®Ó mÆc cho b¨ng nãi g× th× nãi. B¹n chØ NGHE th«i.
TiÒm thøc cña b¹n sÏ l¾ng nghe giïm cho b¹n. ThÕ nh−ng b¹n vÉn häc ®−îc. Khi
l¾ng tai, cè hiÓu cã thÓ b¹n sÏ kÑt mét tõ vµ c¶m thÊy bùc m×nh. B¹n chí lo! Cø
nghe th«i! H1y ®Ó b¨ng ch¹y – cßn b¹n th× chí lµm g× c¶. Bé n1o cña b¹n sÏ l¾ng
nghe vµ b¹n sÏ häc ®−îc th«i!
God gave us two ears and one mouth so that we can hear twice as much as
we say.
(Th−îng §Õ cho chóng ta hai lç tai vµ mét c¸i miÖng ®Ó chóng ta cã thÓ nghe
nhiÒu h¬n nãi gÊp hai lÇn.)
More about NOT listening: http://www.englishclub.com/listening
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