Lý thuy t v các d ng câu so sánhế ề ạ
Tính t /tr ng t dài và ng nừ ạ ừ ắ
Trong các d ng so sánh ta còn có khái ni m tính t /tr ng t dài và ng n. Tùy thu c vào lo i tínhạ ệ ừ ạ ừ ắ ộ ạ
t /tr ng t mà ta có s bi n đ i cho phù h p v i các th so sánhừ ạ ừ ự ế ổ ợ ớ ể
- Tính t ng n (short adjectives) g m:ừ ắ ồ
+ Tính t m t v n (syllable). Ví d : long , short, big, hot, fat ..ừ ộ ầ ụ
+ Tính t hai v n nh ng t n cùng b ng ph âm + Y. Ví d : happy, lazy, busy, .......ừ ầ ư ậ ằ ụ ụ
- Tính t dài (long adjectives) g mừ ồ
+ Nh ng tính t hai v n còn l i. Ví d : bored, careless,…ữ ừ ầ ạ ụ
+ Các tính t t ba v n tr lên. Ví d : beautiful, complicated,…ừ ừ ầ ở ụ
- Tr ng t ng n: là nh ng tr ng t m t v n. Ví d : hard, late, soon,…ạ ừ ắ ữ ạ ừ ộ ầ ụ
L u ý: T early tuy có hai v n nh ng v n x p vào lo i tr ng t ng n.ư ừ ầ ư ẫ ế ạ ạ ừ ắ
- Tr ng t dài: là nh ng tr ng t hai v n tr lên, ngo i tr early và badlyạ ừ ữ ạ ừ ầ ở ạ ừ
Ví d : carefully, quiet, …ụ
Các d ng so sánhạ
So sánh b ngằ
So sánh không ngang
b ngằ
Q S1 + be/ V + as + adj / adv + as + S2 + aux
E.g: He is as old as my father.
He drives as carefully as I (do).
Q S1 + negative V + as/so + adj/adv + as + S2 + aux
E.g: He is not as/so old as my father.
He doesn’t drive as/so carefully as I (do).
So sánh h nơ
Q S1 + be/ V + adj/ adv (short) + er + than + S2 + aux
E.g: You arethinner than he (is).
He runs faster than I (do).
QS1 + V + more + adj/ adv (long) + than + S2 + aux
E.g: He is more intelligent than I (am).
He drives more carefully than I (do).
So sánh nh tấ Q S + be/V + the + adj/ adv (short) + est
E.g: Nam is the tallest student in my class.
Cheetah runs (the) fastest in the world.
Q S + be/ V + the most + adj/ adv(long)
E.g: He is the most intelligent student in my class.
Of the students in my class, Nam speaks English (the) most
fluently.
So sánh kép
Q The adj/ adv (comparative) + S + V, the + adj/ adv (comparative) + S
+ V (càng… càng…)
E.g:The more beautiful she is, the more modest she becomes.
The harder he studies, the wiser he becomes.
Q More and more + adj/ adv (long)
Adj/ adv (short) + er and adj (short) + er: càng ngày càng ...
E.g:Life in the city ismore and more stressful.
They workharder and harder.
So sánh kém
Q S1 + be/ V + less + adj/ adv + than + S2
Q S + be/ V + the least adj/ adv
E.g: This film is less interesting than the one I saw yesterday.
He works least effectively in our group.
So sánh v i danh tớ ừ
Q S1 + V + as many/ much + N as S2 + aux
S1 +negative V as/ so few/ little + N as S2 + aux
E.g He earns as much money as I do.
I don’t have as/ so many friends as he does.
Q S1 + V + more/ fewer/ less + N + than S2 + aux
E.g He has collected more stamps than I have.
I have collected fewer stamps than he has.
Q S + V + most/ fewest/ least + N
E.g I have least free time in my family.
L u ý:ư
- Ta th ng s d ng so sánh b ng khi mu n nh n m nh đi u này g p đi u kia bao nhiêu l nườ ử ụ ằ ố ấ ạ ề ấ ề ầ
Ví d :ụ
Her husband is twicce as old as she (is) (Ch ng cô ta già g p đôi cô)ồ ấ
- M t s t nh n m nh th ng đ ng tr c tính t /tr ng t so sánh: much, a lot, far, slightly, a bit, no,ộ ố ừ ấ ạ ườ ứ ướ ừ ạ ừ
any, ...
>> Her husband is much/ far/ a lot/... older than her.
Tính t /tr ng t đ c bi từ ạ ừ ặ ệ
SốSo sánh b ngằSo sánh h nơSo sánh nh tấNghĩa
1. bad/badly/ ill worse worst T i, d / m y uồ ở ố ế
2. good/ well better best T t, gi iố ỏ
3. much more most Nhi uề
4. little less least Ít
5. far farther/ further farthest/ furthest Xa (distance) / R ng (range)ộ
6. old older/ elder oldest/ eldest Già, cũ (for all)/ (brother/ sister)
Bài t p v câu so sánhậ ề
I. Chia t trong ngo cừ ặ
1. Can't you think of anything _____ ________(intelligent) to say?
2. Well, the place looks _____________(clean) now.
3. Janet looks ______thinner______(thin) than she did.
4. You need to draw it _______more careful_______(carefully) .
5. The weather is getting ___________ (bad).
6. The programme will be shown at a __________ (late) date.
7. I can't stay ________________(long) than half an hour.
8. A mobile phone would be a_______________ (useful) present.
9. I'll try to finish the job ________________ (soon).
10. It was_______________ (busy) than usual in town today.
11. I'll be even_____________ (annoyed) if you do that again.
12. Since the break-in I feel ____________ (nervous).
13. Lan sings ……………….. ( sweet ) than Hoa
14. Mai is ………………… ( tall ) of the four girls
15. Your accent is ………………….. ( bad ) mine
16. There was a storm yesterday. Today, the weather’s ……………… ( beautiful )
17. He runs …………………. ( fast ) of all
18. Which one of the three books do you think is …………… ( interesting ) ?
19. Which hotel is …………. ( far ) from the airport, The Renaissance or The Camellia
II. Vi t d ng so sánh nh t c a nh ng t trong ngo c.ế ạ ấ ủ ữ ừ ặ
1. That was the __________ (funny) film I've ever seen.
2. It was the ______________(horrible) feeling I've ever had.
3. Have you read her ______________(recent) book?
4. It's the _______________(large) company in the country.
5. It was the _______________(boring) speech I've ever heard.
6. You've got the _______________(far) to travel.
7. That's the _____________(helpful) idea so far.
8. The factory uses the ________________ (modern) production methods.
9. This is the __________________(early) I've ever got up.