BAIl: cAc KHAI NltM CO BAN VE MAy TINH<br />
1. Cac khai oi~m CO' bio v~ may tioh.<br />
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Sau khi hoao thaoh oQi dung nay, ngtrOi sir d1}.ng nAm dU'Q'c:<br />
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• Cac lo~i may tinh ph6 bi€n hi~n nay.<br />
• Cac bQ ph~n chinh cua may tiOO ca nhan.<br />
• Cac thi€t bi Iuu trft, thi€t bi d~u vao, thi€t bi d~u rae<br />
• Sa d6, cach dfru n6i, l~p d~t thi€t bi ph~n cung.<br />
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• Cac lo~i ph~n m~m thong d\lng.<br />
• Cach bao quan may tinh.<br />
1.1. Cac lo~i may tinh.<br />
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May tiOO, hay con gQi la may vi tinh ho~c may di~n toan, la OOUng thi€t bi hay h~<br />
th6ng dung d€ tiOO toan, ki€m soat cac ho~t de>ng co th€ bi€u di€n du6'i d~ng s6 hay quy<br />
lu~t logic. May tiOO duqc l~p ghep bOi cac thaOO ph~n co th€ th\Ic hi~n cac chuc nang dan<br />
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gian dfi dinh nghla tru6'c. Qua triOO tac de>ng cua cac thaOO ph~n nay dfi t~o cho may tiOO<br />
kha nang xu Iy thong tin. N€u duqc thi€t l~p chiOO xac (thong thuOng boi cac chuang<br />
triOO may tiOO) thi may tinh co th€ mo phong I~i me>t s6 khia c~oo cua vfrn d~ hay cua h~<br />
th6ng.<br />
Co OOi~u cach d€ phan lo~i may tiOO, cach ph6 bi€n OOfrt la phan lo~i may tiOO d\Ia<br />
tren fi\lC dich cua nguai su d\lng bao g6m cac lo~i: Sieu may tiOO, may tiOO lOn, Inay chu,<br />
may tr~m, may tiOO ca OOan (PC), may tiOO xach tay (Laptop), may tiOO bang, thi€t bi h6<br />
trq ky thu~t s6 ca OOan (PDA), vv... Trong khuon kh6 tai li~u nay chi d~ c~p t6'i hai lo~i<br />
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may tiOO ph6 bi€n hi~n nay la may tiOO ca OOan (PC) va may tiOO xach tay (Laptop).<br />
1.1.1. May tinh ca nhan - PC (Personal Computer).<br />
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La IO(;li may vi tiOO d€ ban 000, ph6 bi€n OOfrt v6'i gia ca, kich thu6'c va S\l tuang<br />
thich cua no phu hqp v6'i OOi~u nguai su d\lng. May tinh ca nhan duqc l~p ghep boi<br />
OOi~u linh ki~n, thanh ph~n khac nhau nhu: V0 may tinh, bQ ngu6n, bo m~ch chu, kh6i<br />
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xu Iy trung tam, be> nh6' RAM, 6 ilia cung, 6 ilia quang, vv...<br />
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lflnh 1: May tinh ca nhdn.<br />
1.1.2. May tinh xach tay (Laptop).<br />
La lo~i may tinh ca nhan nho gQn co th~ mang xach duqc, thuOng dung cho<br />
nhfrng nguai thuOng xuyen di chuy~n. No thuOng co trQng 1uqng nh~, tuy thu nh& cua may tinh dung d~ ghi l~i cac dfr li~u t~m thai trong phien lam vi~c<br />
cua may tinh, cling duqc hi~u la m(>t b(> nh& dQc - ghi d~ luu trfr cac thong tin thay d6i<br />
va cac thong tin duqc su d\lng<br />
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hi~n<br />
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hanh. Thong tin luu tren RAM chi la<br />
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t~m<br />
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thai,<br />
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chung se m~t di khi m~t ngu6n di~n cung c§p.<br />
5<br />
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