VERTEBRATA
VERTEBRATA
NGÀNH
HEMICHORDATA
Phụngành
Stomochodata
(Dâysốngmiệng)
Phụngành
Graptolithina
(Bút đá)
MộtsốhoáthạchGraptolite
CácdạngGraptolite
1, Diptograptus, young sicula. 2, Monograptusdubius,
siculaand first serial theca (partly restored). 3, Young
form (all above after Wiman). 4a, Older form. 4b, Showing
virgula(after Holm). 5, Rastritesdistans. 6, Base of
Diptograptus(after Wiman). 7, D. calcaratus. 8,
Dimorphograptus. 9, Base of Didymograptusminulus
(after Holm). 10, Young Dictyograptus, with primary disk.
11, Ibid. Diptograptus (after Ruedemann). 12 a-b, Base
and transverse section, RetiolitesGeinitzianus (after
Holm). 13, BryograptusKjerulfi. 14, Dichograptus
octobrachiatus, with central disk. 15, Didymograptus
Murchisoni. 16, D. gibberulus. 17 a-b, Phyllograptus and
transverse section. 18, Nemagraptusgracilis. 19,
Dicranograptusramosus. 20, Climacograptus
Scharenbergi.
21, GlossograptusHincksii. 22, Lasiograptuscostatus
(after Ellesand Wood). 23, Dictyonema (-graptus)
flabelliforme (-is). 24, Dictyonema (-dendron) peltatum
with base of attachment. 25, D. cervicorne, branches
(after Holm). 26, D. rarum (section after Wiman). 27,
DendrograptusHallianus. 28, Synrhabdosomeof
Diptograptus (after Ruedemann). S, Sicula. u, Upper or
apical portion. l, Lower or apertural. m, Mouth. N, Nema.
nn, Nemacaulusor virgulartube. V, Virgula. vv, Virgella.
zz, Septalstrands. T, Theca. C, Common canal (in
Retiolites). G, Gonangium. g, Gonotheca. b, Budding
theca.
Giai đoạntồntạicùaGraptolite