Bài giảng Quản lý lưu vực (Watershed Management): Bài 5 - ThS. Nguyễn Duy Liêm

Bài giảng Quản lý lưu vực (Watershed Management) - Bài 5: Xói mòn đất trên lưu vực (Soil erosion in watershed) is a comprehensive exploration of soil erosion processes within various landscapes, including hillsides, coastlines, rivers, and reservoirs. The document introduces key concepts, classifications, and methods for estimating rainfall-induced soil erosion and sediment yield.

This document is intended for students, researchers, and policymakers interested in watershed management, soil erosion control, and environmental conservation.

Soil erosion in watersheds is a natural phenomenon caused by various factors such as wind, water, gravity, and rain. Soil erosion can occur in numerous areas, including slopes, coastlines, rivers, and reservoirs. The document classifies soil erosion into several types, including sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, mass wasting, and bank erosion. Sheet erosion is the most common form, caused by raindrops hitting bare soil and causing particles to displace. Rill erosion occurs due to flowing water and gravity. Gully erosion is a severe stage of rill erosion, occurring when rills become too deep to remove with tillage. Bank erosion occurs along rivers when the river cuts deeper channels. The process of soil erosion by rain includes three stages: detachment, transport, and deposition. Detachment is the initial stage, caused by the dislodging of soil particles from the surface. Transport occurs as sediment is carried downstream by flowing water. Deposition is the final stage, occurring when sediment settles at the bottom of a slope or in a river. Soil erosion can have severe consequences, such as loss of land, alteration of watersheds, and environmental impact.