Đánh giá khả năng bảo vệ bờ của hai phương án kè giảm sóng từ xa khu vực xã Long Vĩnh, Duyên Hải, Trà Vinh

The Mekong Delta region in Vietnam faces increasingly severe coastal erosion driven by upstream development, climate change, and sea-level rise. The commune of Long Vinh, Duyên Hải district, Trà Vinh province, located near the Dinh An estuary, is particularly vulnerable to this phenomenon. Mitigating these impacts requires robust and scientifically sound giải pháp bảo vệ bờ. This study addresses this critical need by evaluating the protective efficiency of two distinct kè giảm sóng từ xa options. Through a comprehensive mô phỏng số approach, we aim to provide a crucial scientific basis for informed decision-making regarding coastal defense strategies in this highly susceptible region.

Các nhà nghiên cứu về kỹ thuật biển, thủy lực, môi trường, các cơ quan quản lý và hoạch định chính sách về bảo vệ bờ biển, cũng như kỹ sư xây dựng công trình biển.

This research systematically evaluates the effectiveness of two proposed kè giảm sóng từ xa designs in combating severe coastal erosion along the shores of Long Vinh, Trà Vinh province. The study employs a advanced mô phỏng số methodology using the MIKE 21/3 Coupled Model FM to simulate the complex thủy động lực học (hydrodynamics) and wave height regimes under various conditions. The two protection solutions investigated are: (1) a revetment composed of two rows of prestressed centrifugal concrete piles filled with rubble stone, and (2) a revetment utilizing perforated precast concrete blocks. The numerical model was rigorously calibrated and validated against observed data for water levels, flow, and wave heights, ensuring its reliability and accuracy as indicated by RMSE and NSE metrics. Simulation results reveal that both proposed giải pháp bảo vệ bờ significantly reduce current velocities and wave heights, thereby offering substantial protection against xói lở. Notably, Solution 1 (piles with rubble stone) consistently demonstrates superior performance compared to Solution 2 (perforated blocks) in mitigating flow velocities and wave energy across different seasons. For instance, in the Northeast monsoon, PA1 achieved an average current velocity reduction of 90%, compared to 72% for PA2. This comprehensive assessment provides vital scientific insights for local authorities and stakeholders in Trà Vinh to select the most appropriate and effective coastal defense structures, contributing to long-term resilience and sustainable management of the critically impacted coastal environment.