Kiến thức, thực hành về phòng bệnh đái tháo đường thai kỳ và một số yếu tố liên quan ở thai phụ đến khám thai tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế năm 2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by glucose intolerance that manifests or is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Its prevalence is particularly high among women in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, where reported rates vary substantially. The condition carries considerable risks for both maternal and fetal health if not effectively managed. A crucial concern is the widespread lack of awareness, with a high percentage of pregnant women unaware of their GDM status and many diagnoses occurring late, often after complications have emerged. Recognizing this critical gap, this study aims to describe the "knowledge" and "practices" concerning "gestational diabetes mellitus" prevention and "associated factors" among "pregnant women" receiving antenatal care at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2024. This research underscores the importance of understanding current awareness levels to inform targeted interventions.

Các chuyên gia y tế sản phụ khoa và dự phòng, nhà hoạch định chính sách y tế công cộng, và các nhà nghiên cứu trong lĩnh vực sức khỏe bà mẹ và trẻ em.

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the "knowledge" and "practices" concerning "gestational diabetes mellitus" (GDM) prevention, along with "associated factors", among "pregnant women" receiving antenatal care at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2024. The research employed a structured questionnaire based on national guidelines and previous studies to gather data on women's understanding and behaviors related to GDM. Statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0 was performed to identify significant associations. The findings revealed a concerning gap in GDM awareness and preventive actions: only 57.1% of pregnant women exhibited satisfactory knowledge, and a mere 21.5% demonstrated satisfactory preventive practices. Key factors significantly associated with adequate knowledge included the woman's age, occupation, gestational age, and prior experience with the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) (p < 0.05). For instance, women aged 35 or older showed lower odds of satisfactory knowledge, while those in professional occupations and those who had undergone an OGTT demonstrated better understanding. However, the study found no statistically significant correlation between these identified factors and the actual "practices" of GDM prevention (p > 0.05), indicating a disconnect between knowing and doing. These results underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions. Enhancing health communication and education, coupled with proactive encouragement for OGTT participation, is crucial to improve awareness and translate knowledge into effective preventive behaviors among pregnant women. Such efforts are vital for mitigating the risks and complications associated with GDM.