An My secondary school
II. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE: THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI TIEÁP DIEÃN: (+) S + am / is / are + Ving () S + am / is / are + not + Ving (?)Am / Is / Are + S + Ving ?
CHUYÊN Đ 1:Ề VERB TENSES
* Caùch duøng: - Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieán dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra taïi thôøi ñieåm noùi. Ví duï: Please don’t make so much noise. I am working -Haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra xung quanh thôøi ñieåm noùi Ví duï: Mary wants to work in France, so she is learning French Always * Chuù yù caùch theâm –ing vaøo ñoäng
ộ chia
ừ ặ ố
ề ứ s nhi u
ừ ậ ằ
ụ t n cùng b ng các /θ
ː
ʊ
ừ ậ ằ
ụ
ɜː
ɪ ː
ɪ Windows ː θ ɪ ɪ /da Z/: /
/k rZ/:Dies ʊ
ằ ɪ
ừ ậ ʃ t n cùng b ng các ʒ /, /t /, /d /
I/. THE PRESENT TENSE : I/. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI ÑÔN: (+) I / You / We / They /Ns+ V0 She / He / It /N + V ( s / e s) * Ñoäng töø taän cuøng coù : S , SH , CH , X , O , Z thì ta theâm –es,taän cuøng coù phuï aâm vaø –y ñoåi –y thaønh –I + es () S + don’t / doesn’t + V0 (?)Do / Does + S + V0…..? * Ñoäng töø “ To be”: I + am.... You / We / They/Ns + are ..... She / He / It/N + * Caùch duøng: Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng ñöôïc laëp ñi laëp laïi/thoùi quen ôû hieän taïi Ví duï: They go to church every - Noùi veà söï thaät hieån nhieân:Ví duï: The Earth moves round the sun *Töø nhaän bieát: -always, usually, occasionally, , regularly,often, Sometimes (Thænh thoaûng), Never ( Khoâng bao giôø), Seldom, rarely (Ít khi), …every : every day, every year… once…, twice…, 3 times… Every …..( Moãi……), ở Cách phát âm “s / es” sau đ ng t ngôi th ba s ít trong thì HTĐ ho c danh ừ ố t a. Phát âm là /s/ khi t ph âm vô thanh: /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, / ɪˈ ə Develops /d vel pS/: Meets /mi tS/Books /b kS/: Laughs /læfS/: Months /m n S/θʌ b. Phát âm là /z/ khi t t n cùng b ng các ữ ph âm h u thanh /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /ð/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ, /l/, /r/ và các nguyên âm ʌ Pubs /p bZ/: Birds /b rdZ/: Buildings / ɪ ˈ ɪ b ld ŋZ/: Lives /l vZ/: Breathes /bri ðZ/:Rooms/ru mZ/: ː Means /mi nZ/: Things / ŋZ/: Fills /f lZ/: ɑː Cars ˈ ɪ w ndo Z/: c. Phát âm là / z/ khi t ụ ph âm gió /s/, /z/, / /, / Kisses ʃ ʒ ɪ /’k sIZ/: töø: - Ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø –e, ta boû –e, theâm – ing ( write – writing ) - Ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø –ie, ta thay b ngằ –y , theâm – ing (tie: Dung is tying a cat to the bed) - Ñoäng töø moät aâm tieát taän cuøng laø moät phuï aâm, tröôùc coù moät nguyeân aâm ta gaáp ñoâi phuï aâm roài theâm – ing. ( swim – swimming ) - Ñoäng töø 2 aâm tieát coù daáu nhaán ôû vaàn hai, taän cuøng baèng moät phuï aâm, tröôùc laø moät nguyeân aâm, ta gaáp ñoâi phuï aâm roài theâm –ing ( begin – beginning * Töø nhaän bieát: Now, right now, at the moment, at present,today Sau caâu m nh ệ ệ l nh : Keep silent! The baby is sleeping/Sau câu: where is/are+ S ? Thêi hiÖn t¹i TD ®i víi always khi ta muèn phµn nµn vÒ mét hµnh ®éng lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i. Eg : He's always losing his keys. (Anh ta cø lu«n ®¸nh mÊt ch×a khãa) * Notes : Mét sè ®éng tõ kh«ng thêng
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 1
/’dænsIZ/:Boxes
dïng ë d¹ng tiÕp diÔn : be, understand, think (cho r»ng), know, hear, love, like , stop , feel, smell, taste, sound .... ʊ /’ro zIZ/ ːʒ Dishes ɑː ʃ
An My secondary school ɑː /’b ksIZ/: Dances ɪʃ Roses /’d IZ/: Rouges /’ru IZ/Watches /’w t IZ/:Changes / ʃ ɪ ʒ ’t e nd IZ/ EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the simple present tense 1. ………………Thuy ( usually/ go ) ……..…… .. ………to church every Sundays.? 2.Mrs Dung ( often /not watch )………………………………………TV in the evening. 3. What ……….you ( do )………….. …………every morning? We (often/talk)…………………………………………..about our work 4.My sister (always / get )………… ……………….…up at 7 o’clock in the morning.She (do) ………………………….morning exercises and(brush)……………………………her teeth 5. After classes Huong (often/ not listen )……………………………… ……… to music,She( help) …………………….her parents(look after)………………..……………….younger sister 6. Ha( not play/usually ) …………..……………….…..volleyball every afternon.She(tidy/often) ……… …………………..her living room 7. Nam (often /be ) ……………………………….…..late for school. 8. Lan and I ( be/usually) ……………………………..……..in class 9A EXERCISES 2 Complete the following senrences, using the present progressive tense 1. Tam ( sleep ) ………………………………..…, but we ( play )………………….………... video games at present. 2. What ………………………….. you ( do ) ………………..….now? I (lie)……………………..on a sofa to watch TV 3. We ( not study )…………………………….. at the moment, we ( watch ) ……………………………………….…..TV. 4. ……………………….You ( cook )…………………………... some dishes when your mother (be)..............at work? – Yes, I am 5. Hurry up. Miss Hue ( wait )………………..………… outside,she(talk)...............................with Miss Hong about our study 6,Where is Dung?' 'She(be)...............in the livingroom..She (play)………………….. games online EXERCISES 3 Complete the senrences, using the presents simple/ progressive tense 1. Where ......................you (live)........................? I (live)......................in HaNam province 2. What .....................Tuan (do) ......................now? He (water) ......................flowers in the garden.He(take)....................care of them regularly 3. What ......................Miss Hue (do) ......................? She (be) ......................a teacher.She(teach)......................................usLiterature at present 4. Where ...................... you (be), Nam? Lan and I(be)..........................in the livingroom.We (wacth)............................a moving film 5. At the moment, my sisters and my brother (play).....................................volleyball, They(play)...........................................sport every afternoon 6. it is 9.00 p.m; my family (watch)......................TV.We(watch)......................film on TV after dinner every night 7. In the summer, I usually (go)..................to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we (have) ...................Tet Holiday; I (be)........................happy because I always (visit) .................my grandparents,relatives and close friends 8.....................your father (go/often).......................to work by bus?
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 2
An My secondary school Yes,but sometimes he (ride)............................motorbike 9. How.......................your sister (go/often).........................to school?By bike,but she(walk)............. ........to school with her classmates at this moment 10. What time ………….Thuy and Thanh(get up/usually)......................................? 11. What........................they (do)...................._in the winter? They(often/not do).......................................anything 12. Today, we (have).........................English class.We(learn).....................it at school twice a week 13. Huyen( like)……………… learning English now because it(be).......... .her favourite subject.
14. Now, my brother (enjoy)........... ............._eating bananas. 15. Look! That man (wave)....... .................you. 16. Keep silent ! I (study )..........................................my English lessons. 17. ........................ you (play)........................badminton right now? 18. Everyday, my father (get up)...........................at 5.00 a.m, but today(be)…………….Sunday ,he (sleep) ............................ 19. Every morning , I (watch)....................TV at 10.00, but today I (Listen ) ......................... to music
20. Everyday , I (go) ........................to school by bike but I (travel) ……………. to school by motorbike at the moment 21. Every morning, my father (have) ...............a cup of coffe but today he (drink).......................milk. 22. At this timet, I(read)...........................a book and my brother (watch) ..............................TV. 23. Hung and his friends (play)........................_badminton after school,but they(clean).........................and (decorate)..............................their classroom at present II. THE FUTURE TENSE:
NEAR FUTURE Simple future
Will ®îc dïng víi tÊt c¶
S + will / shall + V0 S + won't / shan't + V0 Will /shall + S + V0……? * Caùch duøng: Thì töông lai ñôn dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong töông lai c¸c ng«i. Shall thêng dïng víi ng«i I , we.
Eg : - I'll do it tomorow. (I'll = I will) ( T«i sÏ lµm viÖc nµy vµo ngµy mai) - He'll come here soon. (Ch¼ng mÊy chèc nã sÏ tíi ®©y) - Our exam will be in two weeks. (Kú thi cña chóng t«i sÏ diÔn ra trong 2 tuÇn n÷a) - They won't help you. - Will you buy it ? - Yes, I will/ No, I won't. * Will cßn ®îc sö dông trong lêi yªu cÇu, lêi mêi Eg : - Will you please get it for me ? (Yªu cÇu) - Yes, certainly/ OK / of course. - Will you come to my party ? (Lêi mêi) * Will ®îc sö dông khi ®a ra lêi høa Eg : - I will pay you tomorrow. ( T«i sÏ tr¶ cËu vµo 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh S + be going to + V b. Phñ ®Þnh S + be + not + going to + V c. Nghi vÊn Be + S + going to + V ? - Are you going to work in France next month ? - Yes, I am / No, I'm not. 2. The use a. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng t¬ng lai ®· lªn kÕ ho¹ch tõ tríc. Eg : - He's going to get married next month.(Anh Êy sÏ cíi vî vµo th¸ng sau) b.DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng s¾p x¶y ra trong t¬ng lai gÇn .Eg : Look at those clouds ! It's going to rain. (Nh×n nh÷ng ®¸m m©y k×a ! Trêi s¾p ma ®Êy * So s¸nh Will vµ Be going to - Be going to chØ hµnh ®éng t¬ng lai
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 3
cã dù ®Þnh. Eg : - I'm going to England for my holiday next week. - Will chØ hµnh ®éng t¬ng lai bÊt chît, kh«ng ®îc dù tÝnh tõ tríc. Eg : - Our teacher is ill. (ThÇy gi¸o bÞ èm ®Êy) - Is he ? I'll visit him this afternoon (ThÕ µ ? ChiÒu nay tí sÏ th¨m thÇy. )
An My secondary school ngµy mai) * Shall ®îc sö dông trong lêi gîi ý Eg : - Shall we go to the zoo this afternoon ? ( ChiÒu nay chóng ta ®i vên thó chø ?) * Shall ®îc dïng trong lêi ®Ò nghÞ gióp ®ì Eg : - Shall I do it for you ? ( §Ó t«i gióp cËu nhÐ) * Töø nhaän bieát: Tomorrow, next….., in + naêm trong töông lai, some day, sooner or later,duøng trong meänh ñeà, ôû caâu ñieàu kieän loaïi I, ñöùng sau moät soá ñoäng töø:think,hope,believe,expect,promise,......... .................
EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the correct tense of the verbs 1/ Hai has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg. I'm sorry to hear that. I (visit) ……………………him. 2/ Look at those clouds. It (rain)……………………….. 3/ What are you going to do with that dress ? I (embroider) ……………….…………..it. 4/ I've hired a typerwriter and I (learn) …………………….……………to type. 5/ Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise)………………….…….. you. 6/ Thu, when ……….you (get)……………………… married, this year or next year ? 7/ What……… you (do)………….. next week ? I (visit)…………………….. my grandparents. 8. Goodbye ! We ( see ) ………………you tomorrow. 9.. The weather ( start )………………………… a little colder tomorrow. 10. Stay home. Lan ( call ) ……………..………….….you tonight. 11. ………You ( be ) …………………..free tomorrow? 12. Hurry up or you (be)……. ……….late for class. 13. We (send)……… the money as soon as the goods are delivered. 14, He thinks that it (rain)………………….tonight 15, When John……………..(arrive)here tomorrow, I …………..(call)you EXERCISES 2:Complete the following senrences 1.I completely forget about (do)................ the housework. Give me a moment,I..........(.do) it now. 2.Tonight,I(stay).................................. home. I've rented a video 3.Ifeeldreadful.I(be)...................................sick 4.If you have any problem, don'tworry.I(help)...........................................you 5.Where are you going?//I(see)...............................................friends 6.That mobilephone is ringing . // I(answer).......................................it 7.Look at those clouds.It(rain)..............................................................now 8.What do you want to drink?Tea or coffee? I(have).......................some tea,please 9.Thanks for your offer .ButIamOK.Shane(.help)................................me(do).............................tomorrrow 10, My parents …………...(be) very angry when they know this school report
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 4
going(move)....................................into house a tomorrow.”
An My secondary school EXERCISES4:Complete the following senrences 1.A:“There's someone(knock)...........................................the front door.” B: “I (come).................................................and(open).....................................it 2. Toan thinks the Chung (win)............................................. the next election. 3.A:“I’m B: “Oh!We (come)............................ and( help) .....................................you.” 4. If she passes the exam, not only she but also her parents (be) ......................very happy. 5. we (prepear)..................................everything for the final exams, We promise.. III. THE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUAÙ KHÖÙ THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUAÙ KHÖÙ ÑÔN
THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE: THÌ QUAÙ KHÖÙ TIEÁP DIEÃN
(?)S + V ed / 2
I / he / she / it + was You / we / they + were S + was / were + not Was / Were + S ……….?
ed / 2 Ví duï: I was sleeping when the phone rang S + V ed / 2 while S + was / were + V ing Ví duï The phone rang while I was sleeping
(+) S + was / were + V ing () S + was / were + not + V ing (?) Was / Were + S + V ing ….? * Caùch duøng: - Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra taïi moät thôøi ñieåm xaùc ñònh trong quaù khöù Ví duï: They were working at seven o’clock last night - Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra trong quaù khöù thì coù moät haønh ñoäng khaùc xen vaøo S + was / were + V ing when S + V
Töø nhaän bieát: at o.'clock / at this time Between ........and... + thôøi gian ôû quaù khöù From...........to.... + thôøi gian quaù khöù All
() S + didn’t + V0 (?) Did + S + V0 …..? * Caùch duøng:- Thì quaù khöù ñôn dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù - Dieãn taû thoùi quen trong quaù khöù * Töø nhaän bieát: Yesterday, ago, last……., in + naêm ôû quaù khöù * Chuù yù: Caùch theâm –ed- Ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø –e, ta boû –e roài theâm –ed Ví duï: arrive - arrived- Ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø – y, tröôùc noù laø moät phuï aâm thì ta ñoåi –y thaønh –i roài theâm ed Ví duï: try – tried- Ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø moät phuï aâm, tröôùc noù laø moät nguyeân aâm, ta gaáp ñoâi phuï aâm roài theâm –ed Ví duï: fit – fitted *C¸ch ®äc ®u«i ed : - ed ®îc ®äc lµ /id/ khi ®øng sau t vµ d : Eg : wanted needed - ed ®îc ®äc lµ / t / khi ®øng sau k, p, sh, ch, ss, x Eg : - stopped, washed, watched, missed, fixed, cooked ... - ed ®îc ®äc lµ / d / sau c¸c trêng hîp cßn l¹i EXERCISES 1:Complete the following senrences, using the suitable tense 1. We ( start )……… ……………………….…… school when I was six. 2. …………………………………you ( meet ) ………….his parents yesterday? 3. The school ( be )…………………………………….……… in bad conditions three years ago. 4. ……………………………….your aunt ( call ) ………………………….…..me yesterday? 5. He ( not visit ) ……………………………..….Da Lat last summer. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 5
An My secondary school 6/ Minh (be) …………………….very tired when I (see) …………………………him yesterday. 7/ My father( usually /work)……………….. 8 hours a day, but yesterday he (start) ................. (work).........................at 9.00 a.m and (finish)…………………………….. at 9.00 p.m 8/ It usually (rain) ……….….a lot in summer but it (rain) …..………..a little last summer. 9/ When ……….......…..John (leave) …….............…here for Da Lat ? He (leave) ………............…..5 days ago.He (fly)……………………………there 10/ What …………………….….you (do) …………………………..last Sunday ? I (have)………………………an interesting holiday in New York. 11.Kim Loan said that she (arrive)………......................class on time yesterday 12. My brother (join)………………the army when he (be)………….….young EXERCISES 2A:Complete the following senrences, using the past progressive tense or past simple 1. What …………………you ( do ) ……,,,….at six o’clock yesterday? 2. Nam ( take )………,,,,,,… a shower at eight o’clock last night. 3. I ( do )……………. my homework at seven o’clock yesterday. 4. While they ( eat )………………, the phone (ring)..................last night 5. It ( rain ) ……………..when the plane (arrive)............... in Ha Noi. 6. I (see)……. a car accident while I (wait)………..for you at this corner yesterday 7. The baby (fall)…………. down when he …………….…( run) towards his mother 8. ……….You(wait)…….. a minute while I (look) ………………………..through the test ? EXERCISES 2B Complete the senrences, using the past progressive tense or past simple 1/ When I (arrive)………………. at his house, he still (sleep) ……………. 2/ The light (go) …………………out while we (have) ……………dinner. 3/ The last time I (see)…………………… him, he (wear) …………..a grey suit. 4/ Just as I (leave)………….. , a student (stop)…………… me in the hall 5/ Nam (play)………………. football when he (break)………….. his leg. 6/ We (drink)…………. a lot of beer at the party the day before yesterday. 7/ They (build)……………… a new bridge when I was there 2 months ago. 8/ He (sit) ………………………in a cafe when I saw him. 9/ My company (make) …………..a lot of profits 5 years ago. 10/ What …………you (do) ……………….when I phoned you on Monday ? 11/ While the two thieves (argue)………………..…, someone (steal) ………………..their car. 12/ When he was a boy at school, Edison (ask) ……………a lot of questions. The teacher (think) ………………….he was stupid and she (send) ……………him home. Edison's mother (teach) ……………..her son at home and he (begin) …………….to carry out a lot of experiments. 13/ ………………You (visit) ……………..the zoo yesterday ? Yes, I did. When I (go)…………………. there, I (see) …………our teacher. 14/ Who (invent) ………………..the radio ? IV. THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI HOAØN THAØNH
Caâu xaùc ñònh Caâu phuû ñònh Caâu nghi vaán S + have / has + V ed / 3 S + have / has + not + V ed / 3 Have / Has + S + V ed / 3 ….?
* Caùch duøng:Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh dieãn taû: - Haønh ñoäng vöøa môùi xaûy ra trong quaù khöù Ví duï: I have just finished my homework - Haønh ñoäng hay söï kieän taïi moät thôøi ñieåm khoâng chaéc chaén trong quaù khöù
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 6
An My secondary school
Ví duï: I have already seen that film
Ạ ƯỢ Ạ . C L I )
Ứ Ơ ấ
ầ ờ ấ ướ th y anh ta tr c đây ).
- Haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù nhöng coøn lieân quan ñeán hieän taïi Ví duï: She has studied French for three years Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi This is the first, second, third ...... time ( §©y lµ lÇn ®Çu tiªn, lÇn thø hai ......) * Töø nhaän bieát: Just, already, yet, ever, so far, recently, lately, before, up to now, since, for Since + a point of time(moät ñieåm thôøi gian )(Since 2011/ January,…… ) For + a period of time ( moät khoaûng thôøi gian) ( For 5 years ) EXERCISES 1Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense 1. We ( not come )…………………. to your house for two years. 2. She ( live )………………. here since last year. 3. He ( see ) ……………………you since yesterday? 4. Nam ( collect ) ………………..stamps since 1999. 5. ………………..You ( finish ) ………..your composition yet? – Yes, I have. EXERCISES 2Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense 1/ My wife and I (be) ……………………….there several times in the past. 2/ We (study) …………………almost every lesson in this book so far. 3/ He (visit)…………………….…. his friends recently. 4/ ……………………….you (see)………………… Nga today ? No, I (not see) ……………………………… her yet. 5/ She (do) ……………………her homework already. 6/ They (never/go)…………… to the cinema in their life. 7/ Tom, I (not see) ………………….you for ages ! Where have you been ? 8/ He is the most kindhearted man I (ever /meet)………………….. 9/ There (be) …………….3 accidents on this street in the past 3 days. 10/ Is this the first time you (visit) …………….our beautiful country ? 11/ Scientists (find)……………. cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years. 12/ My uncle's health (improve) ……………..since he (leave) …………….India. 13/ I (buy)…………….……… a new shirt last week but I (not wear)…………………. it yet. 14/ I (not see )………………… Lan since we (leave) ……………school. 15/ We (just /move)……………………………. to a new house, but we (be) ………………. …..dissatisfied with it. EXERCISES 3 Ổ Ừ Ệ Đ I T HI N T I HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KH Đ N ( VÀ NG ầ 1. This is the first time I have seen him (đây là l n đ u tôi th y anh ta ) ư =>I have never seen him before. ( tôi ch a bao gi The first time + S + have/ has + PII /V ed S + have/ has + Never + PII /V ed + before 2. I started / began studying English 3 years ago => I have studied English for 3 years. S + started / began + to V/ Ving +
ả a) in + time ờ ố b) last + m c th i gian c)when + S + Ved ờ d) kho ng th i gian+ ago
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 7
ờ ố
ả
ồ ầ
ừ ờ ấ ấ
ố Since : t
ủ ị
ị ẳ ệ
ị ẳ
ố ặ ừ
ầ ồ khi tôi g p anh ta l n cu i ) ặ
ờ ủ ị
ẳ ờ ị
ạ
ượ ạ c bao lâu ? )
ẫ ạ :
ệ ạ ứ ơ => How long : thì dùng hi n t i hoàn thành
An My secondary school => S + have/ has + PII /V ed a) since + time b) since + last + m c th i gian c) since + S + Ved d) for + kho ng th i gian 3. I last saw him when I was a student.( l n cu i cùng tôi th y anh ta là khi tôi là SV ) khi tôi là SV ) => I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không th y anh ta t khiừ ầ Last : l n cu i 4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago. => She hasn't gone out with him for two years S + HTHT (ph đ nh) + since / for + ….. ề S + last + QKĐ (kh ng đ nh) …+ when + m nh đ ờ The last time + S + QKĐ (kh ng đ nh) + was + th i gian Ex: I haven’t heard him since August. – The last time I heard him was in August. I haven’t seen him since I left school. – I last saw him when I left school. 5. It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm t => I haven't met him for ten years . ( tôi đã không g p anh ta 10 năm r i ) S + HTHT (ph đ nh) + for + th i gian It’s + th i gian ….+ since …+ last + QKĐ (kh ng đ nh) Ex: I haven’t seen my father for one month. – It is one month since I last saw my father. Tom hasn’t had his hair cut for over three months. – It is three months since Tom last had his hair cut. 6. When did you buy it ? ( b n đã mua nó khi nào ? => How long have you bought ? ( b n đã mua nó đ M u này có d ng when : thì dùng quá kh đ n EXERCISES 1: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. 1) This is the first time he went abroad. => He hasn’t…………………………………………………………. 2) She started driving 1 month ago. => She has………………………………………………………….. 3) We began eating when it started to rain. => We have………………………………………………………. 4) I last had my hair cut when I left her. => I haven’t…………………………………………………………………… 5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago. => She hasn’t………………………………………………………. 6) It is a long time since we last met. => We haven’t…………………………………………………… 7) When did you have it ? => How long ………………………………………………..? 8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal . => I haven’t………………………………………….. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 8
An My secondary school 9) I haven’t seen him for 8 days. => The last …………………………………………………………. 10) I haven’t taken a bath since Monday. => It is …. ………………………………………………………………… EXERCISES II. Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. 1. Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997. Samuel has………………………………………………………………………………… 2. We started learning English five years ago. We have….………………………………………………………………………………… 3. I began living in Ho Chi Minh city when I was 8. I have……………………………………………………………………………… 4. She has taught the children in this remote village for five months. She started…………………………………………………………………………………… 5. He hasn’t written to me since April. The last time……………………………………………………………… 6. She hasn’t had a swim for five years. She last …………………………………………………………………………………… 7. They last talked to each other two months ago They haven’t…………………………………………………………………………… 8. The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999 She hasn’t…..…………………………………………………………………………… 9. She hasn’t written to me for years. It’s years……..…………………………………………………………………………… 10. Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years. It’s ten years……………………………………………………………… 11. It’s two weeks since they cleaned their room. They……………..……………………………………………………………………… 12. It’s over six months since John had his hair cut. John………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. How long is it since you rode a bicycle? When…………………………………………………………………………………? 14. How long is it since he wrote to me? When………………………………………………………………………………? 15. When did he last talk to you? How long…………………………………………………………………? 16. When did you last telephone him? How long……………………………………………………………………………? 17. We have never eaten this kind of food before. It’s the………………………………………………………………………………………. 18. This is the first time I have seen this film. I have never………………………………………………………………………… 19. John began playing the piano ten years ago. John has………………………………………………………………………….. 20. He has given up smoking for 2 months. He started………………………………………………………………………. V. THE PAST PERFECT TENSE: THÌ QUAÙ KHÖÙ HOAØN THAØNH Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 9
An My secondary school
Caâu xaùc ñònh Caâu phuû ñònh Caâu nghi vaán
S + had + V ed / 3 S + had + not + V ed / 3 Had + S + V ed / 3 ….? * Caùch duøng:Thì quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng hay söï kieän xaûy ra tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm hay moät söï kieän khaùc trong quaù khöù. * Thêi qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng x¶y ra tríc mét hµnh ®éng qu¸ khø hoÆc mét thêi ®iÓm qu¸ khø kh¸c . Thêng ®i víi after, before, when, by the time (cho tíi khi), as soon as ( ngay sau khi) Eg : - After he had done his homework, he went to the cinema. ( Sau khi nã lµm xong bµi tËp, nã ®i xem phim.) = Before he went to the cinema, he had done his homework. - When I got there, they had gone home. (Khi mµ t«i tíi ®ã, hä ®· vÒ nhµ råi.) - When he had sung his song, he sat down. (Khi anh ta h¸t xong, anh ta ngåi xuèng) - By the time we got to the station, the train had already left. ( Cho tíi khi chóng t«i tíi ga, tµu ®· ch¹y råi) Ví duï: We had finished planting trees before lunchtime yesterday
When I arrived at the party, Lucy had already gone home
EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the past perfect tense 1. We stopped for a rest after we ( walk )…………………………..….. for two hours. 2. I ( finish ) ……………………………..my homework before I went to school. 3. We received her letter after she ( move )…………………….……. to a new house. 4. I ( see ) ………………………….him eating in the restaurant before going home yesterday. 5. We missed the beginning of the play, because it ( already/ start )………………..……………. when we arrived. EXERCISES 2Complete the following senrences, using the past perfect or past simple tense 1. Almost everybody (leave)…………………………….……. by the time we (arrive) ………………..………………….. 2. He (wonder)……………………………….……. whether he (leave)………………….. ……………. his wallet at home. 3. The secretary (not leave)…………………………. until she (finish) …………………………………. her work. The couple (scarcely /enter)…………….……………. the house when they (begin)…………………………….…. to argue. 4. The teacher (ask)………………………. the boy why he (not do)……………………………. ……. his homework. 5. She (already/post)………………. ……. the letter when she (realize)…… …………….……. she (send)…… ………………. …. it to the wrong address. 6. Hardly the car (go)…………………………….. a mile when it (have)……………………..……. a flat tyre. 7. The weather (be)…………………………………….. far worse than we (expect) ………………………………. 8. They (be married)……………………………………..……….…. for five years when they finally (have)…………………. a child. 9. No sooner they (sell)………………………….…. their car than they (regret)……………………. having done so. 10. When she (finish)…………………..…. her work she (go)…………………………….…. to the cinema.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 10
the
of
An My secondary school 11.He(not eat)………………………..…. until his parents (come)…………………………. home. 12.She(tell)………………………………………………she never (meet)…………………………. him. 13.He(do)………………………………….her homework before he(go)……….…………………… out. 14. The lights (go)…………………………………. out the moment he (get)……………………… into cinema. 15. Hardly the holiday (begin)……………. when they (leave)………………. the town. 16. They (be)…………. out for an hour when it (start)…………………………. to rain. 17. They (leave)……………. the shop as soon as they (buy)………. everything they (need) ………….. 18. The house (burn)……………. to the ground buy the time the firemen (arrive) ………………………….. 19. As he (do)………………. a lot of work that day he (be)……………. very tired. 20. I already (hear)……………. about the accident when he (tell)………………. me about it. 21. He (live)……………. in the country for ten years when he first (come)…………………………. to London. 22. I (not talk)…………. to him because when I (arrive)…………………………. he already (leave) ………………………….. 23. When we (go)……………. out again, the wind (stop)………………………….. 24. He (think)………………. he (win)…………………………. in the lottery but he (not have) …………………………. course. 25. No sooner the bell (ring)………………. when the pupils (go)……………. out to play. 26. Before you (mention)…………………. his name, I never (hear)………………. of this poet. 27. Our guests (be)……………. still here when he (come)……………. back from school. 28. The same day he (arrive)……………. I (receive)………………. a postcard from him. 29. They just (close)………………. the shop when I (get)…………. there. 30. When the policeman (blow)……………. his whistle the driver (stop)……………. the car
EXERCISES 3:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense: 1. I ( get )……………………………………. up the day before yesterday. 2. What…………………….you (do) ……………………………. the day after tomorrow? 3. She always (go) ………………………………….to sleep before her mother does. 4. She rarely (take) ……………………………….a bath after dinner. 5. ………………………you (take) …………………………………….a trip next summer? 6. Alice and Mary (put) ………………………………….away the dinner dishes right now. 7.The telephone rang while I (take) …………………………….my shower this morning. 8. In what year…………………………………….World War II (break) …………………………………….out? 9. We (learn) …………………………………….grammar right at the moment. 10. John and Tom (write) …………………………………….letters at the moment. 11. Listen! Someone (knock) …………………………………….at the door. 12. It always (snow) …………………….in winter. It (snow) ………………………. now. 13. I (read) ………………………………….a book when the electricity was cut off 14. Look! A boy (run) ………………….after a dog. He (want) ……………….to catch it.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 11
An My secondary school 15.I(spend) ………………….this weekend in Dalat. I (go) …..there nearly every month. 16.The bell rang while I (have) …………………………………….lunch. 17. When the second war (end) …………………………., we were living in the countryside 18. Marconi (invent) ……………………………………. radio a long time ago. 19. She (not, speak) ……………………………………. To me for over a month. 20. I (buy) …………………………………….a good dictionary yesterday morning. 21. …………………………….you (have) …………………………………….dinner yet? 22. So far, I (not, see) …………………………………….a camel. 23. In France birbs (fly) ……………………. to the South before winter comes. 24. He (sit) …………………………………….on a chair at 9:00 last night. 25. I (know) ……………………………………. him for a very long time. 26. My parents (come) …………………………………….to stay with me next month. 27. The war began while he (live) …………………………………….in France. 28. They (just leave) …………………………………….here. 29. He (turn) …………………………………….on the fan now. 30. There (be) …………………………………….no intelligent life on the moon. 31. He thanked me for what I (do) ……………………………………. . 32. My bicycle isn’t here any more. Somebody (take) ………………………………….it. 33. I (not, see) ………………………………….her for three years. I wonder where she is.
Ậ Ổ Ợ : BÀI T P T NG H P
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: 1. Mr.Tuan always (go) …………………………… to work by bus. 2. We (start) …………………………………………… our new school year last month. 3. She (receive) ………………………………………… her pen pal’s letter this morning.
4. It (not rain) ………………………………………………. in the dry season. 5. Lan (take) ……………………………… her younger brother to the zoo last Sunday.
6. I (live) …………………………………………………… here since I was born. 7. They (give) ……………………………………… me the letter a few minutes ago. 8. When I saw him, he (sit) ……………………………………………. asleep in a chair. 9. What you (do) ………………………………………………… at 7 p.m yesterday? 10. My brother (write) …………………………………………… several plays. 11. We (learn) ………………………………………………… English now. 12. He (write) ………………………………………………… a long novel at present. 13. Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) ………………………………………… to you?
14. Where are you? – I’m upstairs. I (have) ……………………………………… a bath.
15. You (have) …………………………………………………… breakfast yet? 16. My little sister (drink) ……………………………………………… milk every day. 17. The doctor sometimes (return) …………………………………………… home late.
18. They (have) …………………………………………… lunch in the cafeteria now. 19. They often (thank) ………………………………………… me for what I do for them.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 12
An My secondary school 20. His uncle (teach) ……………………………… English in our school five years ago.
21. They (not go) ……………………………………………… to the movies last Sunday.
22. You (find) ……………………………………………… my pen yesterday? 23. The light (go) ………………… out when we (study) …………………….our lesson.
24. There (be) ………………………… an English class in this room tomorrow evening.
25. They (paint) ………………………………………… the school gate when we came.
26. They (build) …………………………………… a new school in this area next year.
27. My brother (work) …………………………………… in this factory for many years.
28. The children (play) …………………………………… soccer at 4 o’clock yesterday.
29. I (see) …………………………………………… Nga at the bus stop every morning.
It (be) ……………………….…..often hot in the summer.
30. What you (do) ………………………………………………………… last night? 31. 32. My mother went to the supermarket yesterday, but she (not buy) ……… anything.
I’d like (tell) ……………..………… you something about my family.
I (not see) ……………………………………her since last week.
33. Nam and Ba (play) ……………………………. soccer at present. 34. My family (go) ………………….…………. Da Lat next summer. 35. 36. She needs (eat) ………….…………. a lot of vegetables and fruit. 37. Please don’t make so much noise. I (study)…………………………….. 38. The water (boil) ……………………………at 100 degrees Celsius. 39. Look! Somebody (climb) ……………………up that tree over there. 40. 41. How long you (know) …………………………………. Tom? 42. Hoa (burn) ……………………her hand when she (cook) ………………..……. The dinner.
43. While we (cross) ……………….….the street, the policeman (shout) …………..…….at us.
44. What you (do) ………………………………at this time yesterday? 45. I hope it (not rain) ……………………when we (start) ………………….early tomorrow.
46. My sister (play) ………………………the piano since she (be) ………………….a child.
I (never forget) ……………………….what you (just tell) ………………………….me.
47.
48. He (leave) ………….home two weeks ago and we (not hear) ………………from him since.
49. She (win) ……………………….the gold medal in 2004.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 13
An My secondary school 50. While you (play) …………………..the guitar, I (write) …………………….a letter.
Ự Ợ
ạ ừ ậ ế ạ nh n bi t
ộ ữ ự ặ
ệ ề ả ứ ủ ọ ộ ế
ặ trong ngo c: ệ ử ừ ỉ ờ ề ạ ệ ả ủ ề ế t ph i h p thì gi a m nh đ chính và m nh đ tr ng t d ng này các em ph i bi ch th i gian
Ề CHUYÊN Đ 2: THÌ VÀ S HOÀ H P THÌ ế :D ng 1: Chia đ ng t ầ ừ ự d a vào tr ng t Ph n lý thuy t ả ắ Ở ạ ữ ấ ữ d ng này, các em ph i n m v ng nh ng d u hi u v thì d a theo cách dùng ho c nh ng ơ ả ề ậ ừ ạ nh n bi t và đi u quan tr ng là các em ph i thu c công th c c a các thì c b n tr ng t ế trong Ti ng Anh. ừ ứ VD1: Cho hình th c đúng c a đông t ố ợ Ở ạ đi v i:ớ
ế UNTIL: cho đ n khi = TILL
ể ừ c khi = BY THE TIME AS SOON AS: ngay khi khi SINCE: k t
ố ạ ệ ể ậ ả t d ng bài t p này các em c n ph i th c hi n các b
c sau: ở ữ ả ả ự ộ QK, HT, hay TL
ố ợ ế WHEN: Khi đó WHILE: Trong khi ướ BEFORE: Tr AFTER: sau khi ướ Đ làm t ị Xác đ nh ng c nh trong câu xem nh ng hành đ ng này x y ra ạ ữ ị Xác đ nh trong câu có nh ng tr ng t Ti n hành ph i h p thì theo quy t c riêng c a nó:
ắ ề ạ
ạ ừ ư QK: (th nh YESTERDAY, LAST
ở ặ ừ ệ ng các em s ượ D ng 2: Ph i h p thì trong m nh đ tr ng t ườ ộ ộ ầ ữ ừ ỉ ờ ch th i gian gì ủ ừ ỉ ờ ch th i gian ữ g p nh ng tr ng t thì QK) ẽ ặ c chia
ẽ ặ ườ ừ ư TOMORROW, NEXT ở ươ t nh
ng các em s g p nh ng tr ng t ộ ộ ng lai: (th ặ ạ ươ ữ ở ừ ượ đ c chia ng lai) thì t
ố ợ ạ ở ữ ả 1. Ng c nh NIGHT, AGO... ho c m t đ ng t đã đ ***when + QKĐ, QKTD ; QKTD + when + QKĐ : QKĐ + when + QKTD VD1: We were having supper when the phone ran **** while + QKTD, QKĐ ; QKĐ + while + QKTD ; QKTD + while + QKTD VD2: My father was reading newspaper while I was listening to music *** Before/ by the time + QKĐ, QKHT ; QKHT + before/by the time + QKĐ VD3: Before he arrived, everybody had left ****After + QKHT, QKĐ ; QKĐ + after + QKHT VD4: After I had finished work, I went out with my friends. ữ ả 2. Ng c nh WEEK, NEXT MONTH... ho c m t đ ng t ****S +will / shall /may /can.....+ when /until / as soon as / before... + HTĐ / HTHT
HTHT + since + QKĐ ; Since + QKĐ, HTHT
VD1: I will wait here until they come VD2: After I get home, I will eat dinner L u ý:ư VD3: She has taught here since she graduated EXERCISES 1:Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: 1. I .................... (have) coffee for breakfast every morning. 2. The student .................... (look) up that new word right now. 3. Be quiet ,the baby ....................(sleep). 4. My friend ......................... ( be) in hospital for a long time, and he (not go )home yet. 5. They ............................. ( read) the newspaper yesterday. 6. I ............................(learn) English for two years.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 14
D. Have C. Did
B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen
An My secondary school 7. Perhaps I (see) ..................... you again one day. 8. Summer ...................... (follow) Spring. EXERCISES 2: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences 1. So far, many beautiful hotels................................in HCM city A. were built B. has been built C. are built D. have been built 2. .................................you paint the house last years ? A. Was B. Were 3. We …… Dorothy since last Saturday. A. don’t see 4. My sister …… for you since yesterday.
A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked
5. Hurry up, Jane ! We all …… for you
A. wait C. waiting D. are waited
B. are waiting 6. Mary..............................me an hour ago. B. has phoned A. phoned C. phones D. was phoning
D. will learn C. have learnt A. would learn
7. Up to now, I..............................a lot of information about her. B. learnt EXERCISES 3:Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. 1. I’ll come and see you before I ……........... (leave) for the States. 2. John …….............. (read) a book when I saw him. 3. Almost everyone ……................. (leave) for home by the time we arrived. 4. Henry ……................ (go) into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner. 5. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he …….............. (finish) dinner. 6. Before you asked, I …….................... (write) these letters 7. He fell down when he ……................ (run) towards the church. 8. The light went out while I........................... (have) dinner. 9. They .................... (help) her as soon as they have completed the work. 10. You will see him when he............................... (come) here tomorrow. Exercise 4: Put each verb in brackets into either the present perfect, past simple or present simple.
1. Last week I (lose)……....................my scarf, and now I (just lose) ……....................my gloves. 2. I (work) ……............. for Blue Bank at the moment but I (decide) ……...............to change jobs. 3. We (be) ……................ here for hours. Are you sure we (come)……..............to the right place? 4. (you see) …….................... my calculator? I'm sure I (leave) ……....................ithere earlier. 5. We (have) …….................... some coffee and then (catch) …….................... the bus home.
Exercise 5: Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs In brackets.
1. When I (see) ……....................you tomorrow, I (tell) ……....................you mynews. 2. As soon as we (get) …….................... there, we (phone) …….................... for a taxi. 3. I (go) …….................... to the library before I (do) …….................... the shopping. 4. we (wait) …….................... here until the rain (stop) …….................... 5. I (get) …….................... $500 from the bank when it (open)……....................
EXERCISES 6: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences 1. He........for 25 years before he retired last year.A. has taught B. had been teaching C. has been teaching D. was teaching 2. Please send me a postcard as soon as you .......................... in London.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. have arrived D. arrive
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 15
C. was walking
D. will have finished C. is finishing
An My secondary school 3. I saw John yesterday morning while I.............................home from work. A. walkedB. am walking D. had been walking 4. As soon as you........................your homework, you will be allowed to go out. A. are doing B. had done C. did D. have done 5. After Mary..........................her degree, she intends to work in her father’s company. A. will finish B. finishes 6. She has worked as a secretary.....she graduated from college.A. untilB. while C. beforeD. since 7. Ann ..... for me when I arrivedA. was waiting B. waited C. had waited D. has been waiting 8. My handbag was stolen.....we were playing tennis.A. afterB. beforeC. during D. while 9. They won’t come home until they.......everything.A. had seenB. Saw C. were seeing D. see 10. Don’t come....... I have finished lunch.A. after
C. since D. until B. as soon as
Ể Ị Ộ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 3: TH B Đ NG
ế ầ Ph n lí thuy t:
THE PASSIVE VOICE IS FORMED: be + past participle ( V/ V 3 / e d ) S + V + O ( active : chuû ñoäng)
S + be + V( 3 / e d) + by + O ( passive: bò ñoäng )
I/. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI ÑÔN S + V / V s / e s + O She opens the door
S + am / is / are + V 3 / e d + by + O The door is opened ( by her )
II. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUAÙ KHÖÙ ÑÔN S + V 2 / ed + O She wrote some letters to me
S + was / were + V 3 / e d + by + O Some letters were written to me ( by her
III/. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE : THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI TIEÁP DIEÃN
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 16
An My secondary school S + am / is / are + Ving + O Nam is reading a book in the room
S + am / is / are + being + V 3 / e d + by + O A book is being read in the room by Nam
IV. THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI HOAØN THAØNH S + has / have + V 3 / ed + O We have just finished our homework
S + has / have + been V 3 / e d + by + O Our homework has just been finished (by us
V. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: TÖÔNG LAI ÑÔN S + will + V + O My father will buy a new car next month
S + will + be V 3 / e d + by + O A new car will be bought by my father next month
VI. MODAL VERB: ÑOÄNG TÖØ KHIEÁM KHUYEÁT S + modal verb + V + O I can do this work
pS + modal verb + be V 3 / e d + by + O This work can be done (by me)
* Ghi chuù: Modal verbs: can, could, may, might, ought to, have to, must, be going to, should, used to,…. VII. CAÙCH BIEÁN ÑOÅI CAÂU PHUÛ ÑÒNH, CAÂU HOÛI YES/NO VAØ CAÂU HOÛI COÙ TÖØ ÑEÅ HOÛI:
1. Caâu phuû ñònh:
a. Hieän taïi ñôn
She does not open the door
The door is not opened ( by her )
b. Quaù khöù ñôn:
She did not write some letters to me
Some letters were not written to me ( by her )
c. Hieän taïi tieáp dieãn:
Nam is not reading a book in the room
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 17
An My secondary school
A book is not being read in the room by Nam
d. Hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh:
We have not just finished our homework
Our homework has not just been finished (by us)
e. Töông lai ñôn:
My father will not buy a new car next month
A new car will not be bought by my father next month
f. Modal verb:
I can not do this work
This work can not be done (by me)
2. Caâu hoûi YES / NO: a. Hieän taïi ñôn
Does she open the door ?
Is the door opened ( by her ) ?
b. Quaù khöù ñôn:
Did She write some letters to you?
Were some letters written to me ( by her )?
c. Hieän taïi tieáp dieãn:
Is Nam reading a book in the room?
Is a book being read in the room by Nam?
d. Hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh:
Have you just finished your homework?
Has your homework just been finished (by you)?
e. Töông lai ñôn:
Will my father buy a new car next month?
Will a new car be bought by my father next month?
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 18
An My secondary school
f. Modal verb:
Can you do this work?
Can this work be done (by you)?
3. Caâu hoûi coù töø ñeå hoûi:
Where did your child find the key?
Where was the key found by your child ? Which book do people prefer ?
Which book is prefered ?
Who made the final decision?
By whom was the final decision made?
VIII. SPECIAL CASES: MOÄT SOÁ TRÖÔØNG HÔÏP ÑAËC BIEÄT.
1. Ñoäng töø coù hai taân ngöõ: a. Loaïi caâu passive theâm “TO”
Nhöõng ñoäng töø “ give, send, show, pay, teach, tell, lend, promise, hand, throw, wish, deny, offer, own …” coù 2 tuùc töø. Tröôøng hôïp naøy chuùng ta coù 2 hình thöùc cuûa caâu bò ñoäng. * Chuùng ta söû duïng “TO” khi “DO” trôû thaønh chuû töø trong caâu bò ñoäng Ví duï: My father gave me a new hat. S V IO DO
I was given a new hat by my father A new hat was given to me by my father. b. Loaïi caâu passive theâm “FOR”
Nhöõng ñoäng töø “ buy, make, leave, order, do, save, get …” coù 2 tuùc töø. Tröôøng hôïp naøy chuùng ta coù 2 hình thöùc cuûa caâu bò ñoäng.
* Chuùng ta söû duïng “FOR” khi “DO” trôû thaønh chuû töø trong caâu bò ñoäng Ví duï: I bought my brother some books S V IO DO
My brother was bought some books ( by me) Some books were bought for my brother ( by me)
2. People / they + V + that + S + V
Caáu truùc active treân khi ñöôïc ñoåi sang passive coù theå theo hai caùch sau:
Ví duï: People know that she is married People know that she is married
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 19
An My secondary school
It is known that she is married She is known to be married
3. Verb of perception: Caùc ñoäng töø chæ giaùc quan
S + V + O + V0 ……….
S + be + V - 3 / - e d + to + V0 ………….
ệ ặ * Ñoäng töø MAKE cuõng ñöôïc duøng nhö caùc ñoäng töø chæ caûm giaùc. Loaïi caâu naøy khi ñoåi sang passive voice ta thöôøng boû BY vaø Object ạ 4. Các d ng đ c bi t:
ể ờ ả
ed
S + have + O (person) + V0 + O (thing)
ed
a. Causative form (Th nh b o): “Have”, “Get”. ủ ộ Ch đ ng: ị ộ B đ ng: S + have + O (thing) + V3
ủ ộ Ch đ ng: ị ộ B đ ng: VD:
VD: I had him repair the roof yesterday. I had the roof repaired yesterday. S + get + O.1 + to V0 + O.2 S + get + O.2 + V3 I will get her to cut my hair. I will get my hair cut.
b. Verbs of opinion: Say, Think, Believe, Know, Report, Declare…(V1)
ị ộ
S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2… It + (be) + V1 (3/ed) + that + S2 + V2…
1 (3/ed)….
ặ
VD:
ạ Có 2 d ng b đ ng: ủ ộ Ch đ ng: ị ộ B đ ng: => => S2 + (be) + V1 (3/ed) + to + Vo…… Ho c + to have + V They say that John is the brightest student in class. => It is said that John is the brightest student in class. => John is said to be the brightest student in class.
c. Passive of MAKE
ị ộ S + make + O + Vo S + (be) made + TO + Vo
ầ
ed : c n đ
ủ ộ Ch đ ng: B đ ng: d. Passive of NEED ủ ộ Ch đ ng: ị ộ B đ ng: ầ ượ c ả S + need + TO V : c n ph i S + need + Ving / to be V3
EXERCISES 1:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense
1. People ………………… (grow) much rice in Mekong Delta.
2. Rice ………………… ( in Mekong Delta. 3. Someone ………………… (_ (break) the window last night. 4. The window ………………… ( (break) last night. 5. The children are using the computers right now. 6. The computers ………………… ( by the chldren right now. 7. They ………………… ( (not, use) the room for ages. 8. The room ………………… ((not, use) for ages.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 20
An My secondary school
9. My mother ………………… ( (prepare) the dinner when I arrived home, so I took a shower
first. 10. The dinner ………………… ( (prepare) when I arrived home, so I took a shower first. 11. People ………………… ( (speak) English at the meeting tomorrow. 12. English ………………… ( (speak) at the meeting tomorrow. 13. My father had someone ………………… ( (wash) his car. 14. My father had his car ………………… ( (wash) 15. The lady makes his son ………………… ( (drink) milk every night. 16. His son is made ………………… ( milk every night. 17. The pupils are thought ………………… ( (go) to school by bus everyday. 18. The pupils are thought ………………… (_ (go) to school by bus yesterday. 19. She got the man ………………… ( (paint) the gate. 20. She got the gate ………………… ((paint) by the man
D. will be called
B. has been pulling D. had been pulled
D. was to be built C. will be built
C. was shopping D. am shopping
B. am going to call C. call D. will call
D. hadn’t been used
D. being repaired C. repaired
EXERCISES 2: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences 1. We can’t have our car now; ___________ at the garage. A. it’s still being repaired B. it’s still repairing C. it’s still repaired D. it’s still being repairing 2. John__________ you when he has finished the report. A. was calling B. was being called C. will call 3. When I returned, I found that my car __________away. A. had been pulling C. has been pulled 4. The house ____________six decades ago. A. was built B. was building 5. The building ____________ A. is being demolished B. is demolishing C. has demolished D.been demolished 6. While I ____________this morning , I met Jane . A. shop B. shopping 7. Wait here until I ____________ you. A. am calling 8. This room __________for ages. A. hasn’t used B. hasn’t been used C. hadn’t used 9. I’m going to have my house _____________ this weekend. A. is redecorated B. redecorated C. will be redecorated D. redecorate 10. I’d like to have my shoes _____________ at once. A. repair B. repairing 11. My shoes need _____________
A. to clean B. cleaning C. to be cleaned D. B & C
12. Pupils are made _____________ hard at school.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
D. having been
D. is spoken
13. The factory is said _____________ in a fire two years ago. A. being destroyed B. to have been destroyed C. to have destroyed D. to destroy 14. He is said ______________ a good student in the class A. being B. to be C. to have been 15. English ______________ all over the world. A. speaks B. is speaking C. was spoken Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 21
An My secondary school . EXERCISES 3: Turn these sentences into passive voice: 1. They have built up all sorts of fearsome prospects in their mind. ………………………………………………………………… 2. My brother is going to choose engineering for his future job. ………………………………………………………………… 3. They are preparing dinner in another room. ………………………………………………………………… 4. Lenin gave each of them two exercise books. ………………………………………………………………… 5. Women all over the world are acquiring greater independence. ………………………………………………………………… 6. The 20th century has given us a lot of advantages. ………………………………………………………………… 7. You will have to make great efforts in studying. ………………………………………………………………… 8. We are going to translate HAMLET into our native language. ………………………………………………………………… 9. Your sister must pay attention to her teacher’s advice. ………………………………………………………………… 10. In his chapter, we are going to give him an intelligent test. ………………………………………………………………… 11. She isn’t going to pick these roses for the party. ………………………………………………………………… 12. Someone has taken away all of my English books. ………………………………………………………………… 13. People are talking about him everywhere. ………………………………………………………………… 14. Noone can answer that question . ………………………………………………………………… 15. People say that he is 007. ………………………………………………………………… 16. The teacher made us do a lot of exercises. ………………………………………………………………… 17. How are they going to do this project? ………………………………………………………………… 18. Which picture did you draw yesterday? ………………………………………………………………… 19. People rumoured that the coming crop was the worst. ………………………………………………………………… 20. People say that prevention is better than cure. ………………………………………………………………… 21. They used to make the little boys climb the chimneys to clean them. ………………………………………………………………… 22. Are you going to take an English course during the summer? ………………………………………………………………… 23. They have to cancel all the fights from London because of the bad weather. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 22
An My secondary school ………………………………………………………………… 24. We saw her cross the intersections. ………………………………………………………………… 25. People considered that Micheal Jackson has been the best pop singer. ………………………………………………………………… 26. They know that he is armed. ………………………………………………………………… 27. He saw the stranger rob the National Bank. ………………………………………………………………… 28. We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police. 29. I rarely hear her call her children bad names. ………………………………………………………………… 30. The burglar broke into the house last night and klled the hostess . ………………………………………………………………… 31. The Irish had to put dowm the English flag. ………………………………………………………………… 32. They didn’t look after the children properly.
…………………………………………………………………
33. Everyone looks up to him. ………………………………………………………………… 34. They must hand in weaponds. ………………………………………………………………… 35. He poured all of the milk out. ………………………………………………………………… 36. When he come, they had solved the problem.
…………………………………………………………………
37. He made us work late at night. ………………………………………………………………… 38. What will I do if noone meets me at the airport?
…………………………………………………………………
39. Nobody showed them how to do.
………………………………………………………………… EXERCISES4: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the original one: 1. Our boss has suggested a new idea. A new idea………………………………………………………………… 2. You must wash this sweater in warm water. This sweater………………………………………………………………… 3. We sold the last shirt of this style a few hours ago. The last shirt…………………………………………………………………… 4. They built the Effel Tower in 1889. The Effel Tower……………………………………………………………… 5. The police are questioning him at their headquarters. He…………………………………………………………………………………… 6. He sent me a nice gift on my birthday. A nice gift ………………………………………………………………… 7. They grow rice in tropical countries. Rice……………………………………………………………………………… 8. My father will buy a new car next month. A new car……………………………………………………………………… 9. Someone cleans this room everyday. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 23
An My secondary school This room………………………………………………………………………… 10. She hasn’t done her homework yet. Her homework………………………………………………………………… 11. My sister will tell you what time the train leaves. You………………………………………………………………………………… 12. We have asked some friends of hers to join us. Some friends………………………………………………………………… 13. They declared that she won the competition. It……………………………………………………………………………………… 14. They think that he has died a natural death. He……………………………………………………………………………… 15. They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack. The President………………………………………………………………… 16. People believe that 13 is an unlucky number. It……………………………………………………………………………… 17. The teacher is watching them work. They………………………………………………………………………………… 18. Noone has seen Peter since the day of the party. Peter ……………………………………………………………………………… 19. The police were following the suspects. The suspects.… ………………………………………………………………… 20. People think that an apple a day is good for you. An apple…………………………………………………………………………… 21. We have to improve all the schools in the city. All the schools………………………………………………………………… 22. They are going to build a new bridge in the area. A new bridge…………………………………………………………………… 23. They have buit two department stores this year. Two department stores………………………………………………… 24. The students are planting trees in the schoolyard at the moment. Trees………………………………………………………………………………… 25. They were washing their car when I came. Their car…………………………………………………………………………… 26. She is cleaning the floor now. The floor.. ……………………………………………………………………… 27. We have just finished our homework. Our homework……………………………………………………………… 28. Noone can solve this problem. This problem…………………………………………………………………… 29. They sell jeans all over the world. Jeans……………………………………………………………………………… 30. My mother gave me a new skirt. A new skirt………………………………………………………………………
Ề Ủ Ừ Ợ Ộ Ữ Ự Ừ
CHUYÊN Đ 4: S HOÀ H P GI A CH T VÀ Đ NG T ế (NOUN)
ầ I. Ph n lý thuy t: ừ 1. Danh t Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 24
An My secondary school
ượ ừ ố s ít (Singular Noun) ế c (uncountable noun)
ừ ố ừ ừ ố s ít > an +danh t ữ s ít có ch cái đ u : ầ u e o a i
ừ ố ề s nhi u (Plural Noun)
Danh t ừ ậ Danh t a. ừ Danh t không đ m đ Ex: food, milk, sugar, salt, fruit ... Danh t theo sau A/ AN .. (danh t Ex: a book, a box, an apple b. Danh t
t n cùng là _S / _ES Ex: books, boxes, apples, ... ừ ố ậ
ề
ố
ề s nhi u: N
(s ít) ố + (S/ES) N(s nhi u) s nhi u
ề ừ ố
ằ ụ /θ θ ʌ ề ʊ ữ
ằ ụ ữ ừ ậ t n cùng b ng các ph âm vô thanh: /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, / ố ừ ậ t n cùng b ng các ph âm h u thanh /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /ð/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ,
ữ ữ ɜː ˈ ɪ ữ ố ː
ề ứ θɪ ˈ ɪ ɑː ữ ữ ʊ ế
ằ ɪ ʃ
ʒ ʃ ʒ /, /t /, /d / ộ ế ụ ữ ʊ ɪ
ừ ậ t n cùng b ng các ph âm gió /s/, /z/, / /, / ữ ɑː ɪʃ ồ
ữ ừ ấ ữ ữ ứ ế ớ ắ ầ b t quy t c c n nh
c. Cách thành l p danh t *** Cách phát âm “s / es” sau danh t a. Phát âm là /s/ khi t Books /b kS/: Nh ng cu n sách Months /m n S/: Nhi u tháng b. Phát âm là /z/ khi t /l/, /r/ và các nguyên âm ɪ Birds /b rdZ/: Nh ng con chim Buildings / b ld ŋZ/: Nh ng cao cRooms /ru mZ/: Nh ng căn phòng ử Things / ŋZ/: Nhi u th Cars /k rZ/: Nh ng chi c xe ô tô Windows / w ndo Z/: Nh ng cái c a sổ ụ c. Phát âm là / z/ khi t ữ Kisses /’k sIZ/: Hôn/ Nh ng n hônBoxes /’b ksIZ/: Nh ng chi c h p Roses /’ro zIZ/: Nh ng bông hoa h ng Dishes /’d IZ/: Nh ng chi c đĩa (th c ăn) *Nh ng danh nh ng danh t A child > two children A man > six men A woman > three women A bacterium > 10 bacteria An ox > 5 oxen A person > 20 people
ừ ố ư ề Danh t s nhi u nh ng hình th c s ít: ứ ố :
ừ ậ Các danh t t p h p: ợ police, people, staff, cattle, army, children, school…
ừ ạ ừ Nhóm tính t có m o t the rich, the poor, the blind, the deaf, the dumb, the injured,…
the: Ex: the police, children, women, cattle ...
- Danh từ số ít nhưng luôn có S:
The news from the Middle East seems very encouraging.
ể Nhóm th thao: gymnastics, athletics, billiars …
ậ measles (sởi), mumps (quai bị), rickets(còi xương), SARS, AIDS, diabetes, t:
ệ Nhóm b nh t rabies,…
ườ Nhóm đo l ng: Two pounds is …
ả Nhóm kho ng cách: Ten miles is …
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 25
An My secondary school ờ Nhóm th i gian:
Ten years is …
Nhóm giá ti n: ề Ten dollars is …
Nhóm tên n c: ướ The United States, the Philipines,…
ế ố ở ỗ ộ ổ ứ ế ế ộ ộ ư t gi ng nhau nh ng khác nhau ch : dân t c có
ế Nhóm t ch c: The United Nations… Nhóm ti ng nói, dân t c: ti ng nói và dân t c vi ‘the’ còn ti ng nói thì không co ‘the’.
Vietnamese is rich and beautiful.
The Vietnamese are laborious.
2. Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject and verb agreement)
ắ * Quy t c chung
Ss ítố + Vs ítố
The worker works very well.
ố
ề + Vs nhi u
Ex: The student is learning English. Ss nhi u ố Ex: The students are learning English. work very well.
ề workers The ặ ạ
ệ *Các d ng đ c bi t:
1.
ố ề S1 + and + S2 + V (s nhi u)
Ex: He and his friends are good students./ John and I are going to play tennis.
2.
with / together with S1 + along with / as well as + S2 + V (theo S1) accompanied by
Ex: The actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight.
3.
Either or Neither + S1 + nor + S2 + V (theo S 2) Not only but also
Ex: Either you or I am wrong
Neither Tom’s parents nor his teacher is satisfied with his progress.
4.
Every Noun (singular) Each + + V (s ít)ố Either Neither of + Noun (plural)
Ex: Every child has a toy.
Each job needs patience. Each of the patients is examined every day.
5.
Every / some Any / no + one / body / thing + V (s ít)ố
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 26
An My secondary school
Ex: Everyone is ready.
6.
ố ề )
A number of + Noun (plural) + V (s nhi u The number of + Noun (plural) + V (s ít)ố
Ex: A number of the applicants have already been interviewed.
The number of days in a week is seven.
)ừ
7. S (N + preposition phrase) + V(theo danh t
Ex: The study of languages is very interesting. 8. Gerund (as Subject) + V (s ít)ố Ex: Writing many letters makes her happy.
9. There + be + N (chia theo danh t )ừ Ex: There are 28 students in my class.
10,Khi danh töø ñöùng sau caùc thaønh ngöõ chæ phaân soá hay tyû leä ma laøm chuû ngöõ ( one third of the........, Half of the……., All of the……..) thì ñoäng töø coù theà ôû ngoâi thöù 3 soá ít hay ngoâi thöù 3 soá nhieàu tuøy theo danh töø laøm chuû ngöõ ñoù soá ít hoaëc soá nhieàu./ Phép c ngộ thì dùng s ít ố Two and three is five.
11, Khi chu ngöõ la 1 ñaïi töø baát ñònh : each, any, one, everyone, someone, anyone, every, either, neither, another, something…..
Ex1. Each of the boys has a bicycle.Ex2. Someone has taken my pencil.
12. Khi chuû ngöõ la 1 meänh ñeà. Ex. That you get high mark in school is very good
ộ ừ **V i t ừ ở phía sau đ ng t chính. Eg:There ớ ừ there / here thì chia theo danh t is a book.
There are two books.
ậ ầ Ph n bài t p:
EXERCISES 1:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense 1. Neither Bill nor Mary …………………………….(be) going to the party tonight. 2. A number of reporters ……………………………(be) at the conference yesterday. 3. Everything …………………………… (be) all right so far. 4. Physics ……………………………(be) my best subject at school. 5. The United Nations ……………………………(consist) of about 160 nations. 6. Washing dishes ……………………………(be) women’s work. 7. The number of days in a week …………………………… (be) seven. 8. His answers to the questions …………………………… (change) so far. 9. There……………………… (be) only a few people at the meeting last night. 10. Both of the girls……………(be) pretty, but neither of them ……………(be) intelligent 11. There………………………(be) a few flowers in this garden last summer. 12. Much progress…………………………… (have) been made in recent weeks. 13. Collecting old coins and paper notes ………… (be) one of my grandfather's hobbies when he
retired.
14. Everybody…………………………… (try) to do the best at present. 15. The English …………………………… (like) to drink tea. 16. Three months (be)……………….. a long time to wait. 17. Five dollars (be)……………….. too much to pay for that book. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 27
An My secondary school 18. A number of books (be)…………………. on the table. 19. The number of students in this class (be)……………….. limited to thirty. 20. It (be)……………… my two brothers who (be) hurt. 21. Neither of the answers (be) ……………………correct. 22. Everybody (have)……………. a good time. 23. Either your key or my key (be)………….. missing. 24. John or his brothers (be)…………….. going to help me. 25. Bread and butter (be) …………….all he asked for. 26. The author and lecturer (be)………………. arriving today. 27. My old friend and colleague, George (be) ………………….in town. 28. The boxes of candy (be) …………………….on the table. 29. The package of cigarettes (be) ……………….on the table. 30. Oranges and cream (be) ………………….perishable and should be refrigerated. 31. Most of the members (be) …………….happy. 32. Half of the students (be)……………….. looking out. 33. There (be)……………… plenty of time./ There (be)……………. a lot of lakes. 34. My wife, not my friends, ( is waiting/are waiting) for me. 35. Early to bed and early to rise (make)…………….. a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 36. Either the mayor or the eldermen (be) ……………….to blame. 37. The girl, as well as the boys, (has/have) learnt to ride. 38. The bat together with the ball (was/were) stolen. 39. Here (be) ……………bread and butter for breakfast. 40. Noone (be) eager to be examined the first. 41. Three fourths of the wall (be) …………painted. 42. Two fifths of the members (be)………… present. 43. Two plus two (be) ……….four.
44. Nine from fourteen (be)………. five. 45. Twenty years (be) ……not a long period of time in human history. 46. Five dollars (be) a small sum. 47. “ The three Musketeers” (be) written by Alexandre Dumas. 48. You don’t have to say much , a word or two (be) sufficient. 49. The number of new books in our library (be) ………..ever growing. 50. A number of new books in our library (be) displayed at the book show. 51. There (be) a lot of traffic on this road. EXERCISES 2:Choose the best answers to complete the sentences 1. Each of you …… responsible for this.(A. are / B. being /C. is / D. be) 2. Bill together with his brothers …… to the beach every morning.
A. going B. goes C. are
D. gone 3. Either the monitor or the athletes …to blame for the bad result(A.be/B.are/C. is/Dto be) 4. Everyone …… with me about my plans.(A. agree /B. agreeing /C. disagree/D. agrees) 5. Tim as well as his relatives … safe from the hurricane.(A.be / B. is / C. are /D. being) 6. The results of Dr. Frank’s experiment …… announced on TV last night.
D. were
A. is B. are C. was 7. Fifty minutes …… the maximum length of time allowed for the exam. A. is B. be C. are D. were
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 28
An My secondary school 8. The cost of living …… over 10% in the last few years.
A. rises B. has risen C. rose D. is rising
D. were
D. be
9. A number of sheep …… eating grass now.A. is B. are C. was 10. Measles …… sometimes a serious disease.(A. is /B. are /C. being/D. be) 11. Making cakes and pies …… Mrs. Reed’s specialty.A. are B. were C. is 12. Plenty of milk …… consumed everyday.(A. are /B. were /C. is/D. was) 13. SARS …… an epidemic that kills many people in china.
A. are B. were C. have been
D. is 14. The United States … between Canada and Mexico.(A. lying /B. lies /C. laid /D. lie) 15.The students in the next classroom …… very loudly everyday.
A. talk B. talked C. are talking D. talks
ƯỜ Ậ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 5: CÂU T NG THU T
ườ ầ ử ụ ậ theo các b c:ướ
ở ng thu t ậ ng thu t xem coi nó
ạ
QK => Lùi thì; HT => Không lùi thì. ậ ự ừ . ả ắ ậ ủ ườ ư ế ng thu t ậ (không
ế ữ ả ế : Ph n lý thuy t S d ng thì trong câu t ừ ườ ộ ị t Xác đ nh đ ng t ệ ừ ộ ị ề ườ ng thu t d a vào tr ng t trong m nh đ t Xác đ nh đ ng t ầ ỏ ạ L u ý n u là d ng câu h i, các em c n ph i s p x p theo đúng tr t c a câu t có đ o ng ).
Direct speech and Reported speech
ự ặ ạ ừ ủ ữ c a ng ự ế : là s l p l
ặ ấ ấ ấ ộ ờ ờ ự ế ượ ặ ườ i chính xác nh ng t i nói. ẩ ừ ặ chính có d u ph y(,) ho c d u c đ t trong d u ngo c kép và sau đ ng t
ể ặ ờ ự ế i nói tr c ti p.
ờ ậ ạ ườ ờ ườ i t ng thu t l ủ i ý c a ng i nói, đôi khi
ữ ầ ả c a ng là l i nói.
ữ ổ ờ ế
ờ ế ộ ừ trong l ắ ổ i nói gián ti p thay đ i theo m t nguyên t c
ổ ộ ề I. Definition: 1. L i nói tr c ti p L i nói tr c ti p đ ấ hai ch m(:). ề ệ Đôi khi m nh đ chính cũng có th đ t sau l Ex: “ I don’t like this party” Bill said. ế 2. L i nói gián ti p (indirect/reported speech) ườ ừ ủ không c n ph i dung đúng nh ng t Ex: Bill said that he didn’t like that party. i nói gián ti p: II. Nh ng thay đ i trong l ộ ủ ừ: Thì c a các đ ng t 1. Thay đ i đ ng t ấ ố ứ chung là lùi v quá kh (các thì xu ng c p):
Direct Speech Reported Speech
1. Present Simple:V1 Ex1: Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock” Ex2: He said “ I like beer” 1. Past Simple:V2/ed EX1: Nam said (that) he was told to be at school before 7 o’clock. Ex2: He said (that) He liked beer
2. Present Progressive: am/is/are +Ving Ex: He said “I’m watching TV” 2. Past Progressive:was/were+Ving Ex: He said (that) he was watching TV
3. Present Perfect: has/have + V3/ed Ex: He said “ I have just bought a new book”
3. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Ex: He said (that) I had just bought a new book
4. Past Simple: V2/ed
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 29
An My secondary school
Ex: They said “ We came by car ”
4. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Ex: They said (that) they had come by car
5. Past Progressive: was/were + Ving Ex: He said “I was sitting in the park at 8 o’clock”
5. was/were+Ving or Past Perfect progressive Ex:He said ( that ) he was sitting in the park at 8 o’clock” He said ( that )he had been sitting in the park at 8 o’clock”
6. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Ex: She said “ My money had run out”
7. Future Simple: will +V without to (V0) Ex: Lan said “I’ll phone you”
8. can Ex: He said “ you can sit here”
9. may Ex: Mary said “I may go to Ha noi again”
6. Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Ex: She said ( that) her money had run out 7. would + V without to ( Vo) Ex: Lan said ( that) she would phone me 8. could Ex : He said ( that) we could sit there 9. might Ex: Mary said ( that) shemight go to Ha noi again 10. must/ had to Ex: He said ( that)he had to finish that report
ế ủ ộ ở ừ thì hi n t ế trong câu gián ti p: ệ ạ ế ệ ạ ơ i đ n, hi n t ệ ạ i
c dùng ừ ộ ố ườ ừ ở ệ ặ ươ ợ ề ớ m nh đ gi ơ 10. must Ex: He said “I must finish this report” ổ ng h p không đ i thì c a đ ng t ượ ệ i thi u đ ủ ộ ng lai đ n, thì c a đ ng t
ự ặ ạ ườ ế ặ ộ ộ i th ủ ng xuyên, thì c a
ừ
My teacher said (that) the sun rises in the East.
ế ẫ ờ ư ủ i nói gián ti p v n ch a qua, thì c a
ừ ể ậ ườ ng thu t, đi m th i gian đ ừ ờ ạ th i gian v n đ và tr ng t c gi
(cid:0) * Chú ý: M t s tr ễ ộ i ti p di n, hi n t N u đ ng t ổ ế ẫ trong câu gián ti p v n không thay đ i hoàn thành ho c t Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, “the text is difficult”. (cid:0) He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult. ể ệ ộ Khi câu nói tr c ti p th hi n m t chân lý ho c m t hành đ ng l p l ổ ế ẫ ộ trong câu gián ti p v n không thay đ i đ ng t Eg: My teacher said “The sun rises in the East” (cid:0) He said, ‘My father always drinks coffee after dinner’ (cid:0) He said (that) his father always drinks coffee after dinner ờ ượ ư ế c đ a ra trong l N u lúc t ữ ẫ ượ ộ nguyên đ ng t Eg: He said, “ I will come to your house tomorrow” He said (that) he will come to my house tomorrow.
ự ế ề ặ ạ ạ ạ Câu tr c ti p có d ng câu đi u ki n lo i 2 ho c lo i 3:
ệ Eg: He said; “If I knew her address, I would write to her” (cid:0) He said that he would write to her If he knew her address
Eg: She said, “If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.” (cid:0) She said (that) if she had enough money, she would buy a new bicycle.
(cid:0) Eg: The teacher said, “If John had studied harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.” The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 30
ạ ạ ể ệ ề ượ ế ờ ự ế i nói gián ở ờ l c chuy n sang lo i 2 i nói tr c ti p là câu đi u hi n lo i 1 thì đ
The advertisement said that I might win one million
ổ ề
ề ổ
She told her children that It’s about time they went to bed ề ủ ệ ổ
ủ ổ
trong câu nói gián ti p ế
ư
An My secondary school Tuy nhiên n u l ti pế Eg: The advertisement said; “If you answer the questions correctly, you may win one million dollar” (cid:0) dollar If I answered the questions correctly. ệ ủ Không thay đ i thì c a m nh đ sau “wish’ Eg: He said; “I wish I had a lot of money” (cid:0) He wishes (that) he had a lot of money ệ ủ Không thay đ i thì c a m nh đ sau “It’s (high/ about) time” Eg: She said; “It’s about time you went to bed; children” (cid:0) Không thay đ i thì c a m nh đ đi sau ‘would rather, would sooner” Eg: She said; “I would rather you stayed at home” (cid:0) She said that she would rather I stayed at hone Không thay đ i thì c a: Could, would, might, should Ought, had better, need Nh ng must > had to/ must Eg: She said; “I could do the homework
(cid:0)
ị ờ She said the she could do the homework ự ế ừ trong câu nói tr c ti p có th i gian xác đ nh:
ề ạ he said that he was born in 1980. ệ ứ ế ứ ơ ễ
ạ ừ ở ữ ừ ở ữ s h u, tính t s h u:
ộ Đ ng t Eg: He said, “I was born in 1980” (cid:0) ứ ữ ỉ ờ M nh đ tr ng ng ch th i gian trong câu ph c có thì quá kh đ n và quá kh ti p di n Eg: “I saw him when he was going to the cinema” She said she saw him when she was going to the cinema ư ổ ề ạ ừ nhân x ng, đ i t 2. Thay đ i v đ i t ư ạ ừ
nhân x ng
Đ i t
ự ế Tr c ti p Gián ti pế
Ch ngủ ữ
I we You He, she they They/ he/ she/ I
Tân ngữ
Him/ her Them Them/ him/ her
ừ ở ữ Tính t s h u
Me us you my our your
ạ ừ ở ữ Đ i t s h u
mine ours yours
His/ her Their Their/ his/her/my Him/ hers Theirs Theirs/ his/hers
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 31
ố
An My secondary school ổ ề ừ ỉ ờ 3. Thay đ i v t
ch th i gian và n i ch n:
ơ Nhãm tõ trong c©u trùc tiÕp Nhãm tõ trong c©u gi¸n tiÕp
Today/ tonight Yesterday last month/ night …
Tomorrow this moth The day before yesterday The day after tomorrow next month/ week. .. Here Now Ago This These
ữ ừ ờ ế ạ i nói gián ti p
ế ầ ậ i nói gián ti p: (Statements in reported speech)
ể ử ụ ộ ố ẫ
i nói gián ti p (Questions in reported speech)
ế ỏ ự ụ ế ế ể ầ ắ ổ
ờ ể ổ
ậ ỏ
ng thu t câu h i gián ti p là asked/ wanted to know/ wondered ( t ừ ậ ứ ữ ứ ề ạ ướ ủ ể ầ ế chuy n v d ng tr n thu t t c là ch ng đ ng tr ự ỏ h i) và không có tr ộ c đ ng t ợ
ượ ỏ ừ ấ “that’, d u “?” đ c b đi
that day/ that night the day before/ the previous day the moth before / the previous month/ night the following day/ the next day that month Two days before In two days’ time the month after / the following month/ week there then before that those * Chú ý:- NÕu têng thuËt vÉn cïng ë 1 ®Þa ®iÓm vµ thêi gian, chóng ta kh«ng thay ®æi th× cña ®éng tõ, tÝnh tõ chØ ®Þnh vµ tr¹ng ng÷ thêi gian vµ n¬i chèn. Eg: He said “ I will come here to take this book tonight”. An hour ago he said he will come here to take this book tonight. - Thªm liªn tõ vµo c©u têng thuËt chØ nguyªn nh©n Eg: She said “ I am very tired I have worked overnight.” She said she was very tires because she had been worked. ổ ụ ể III. Nh ng thay đ i c th trong t ng lo i câu trong l ờ 1. Câu tr n thu t trong l S + said (to + O) + that S + V…… S + told + O + that S + V…. Eg: ‘We will have a test tomorrow’, Our teacher said. -> Our teacher said (that) We would have a test the next day Our teacher told us that We would have a test the next day *Note: Có th s d ng m t s ĐT d n sau: thought, announced, explained, complained, believed… ỏ 2. Câu h i trong l Chó ý: Khi chuy n câu h i tr c ti p thành gián ti p cũng c n áp d ng qui t c chuy n đ i trên, ầ ngoài ra c n thay đ i: - Đ ng t ộ ừ ườ t - Tr t t ậ ự ừ t ừ ộ đ ng t - Không dùng liên t a. Yes/ no questions:S + asked + ( O ) + if / whether + clause
Eg: Tuan asked Ba “Are you fond of watching television?” Tuan asked Ba if/whether he was fond of watching television
b. Whquestions:S + asked + (O) + wh - word + clause
Eg: He said to me, “Why did you go with her father last week?” He asked me why I had gone with her father the week before.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 32
ế ầ ậ ả ợ ỏ ổ
An My secondary school Chú ý: Trong tr
ng h p câu tr c ti p có c câu tr n thu t và câu h i khi đ i sang câu gián
ẫ ứ ế ầ
ự ườ ầ ấ ti p ph n nào v n c đi ph n y Eg: “ I have left my watch at home. Can you tell me the time?”
He said that he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time
ệ ệ ờ ế i nói gián ti p (Imperative in reported speech)
3. Câu m nh l nh trong l Khi ®æi c©u mÖnh lÖnh trùc tiÕp thµnh c©u mÖnh lÖnh gi¸n tiÕp, cÇn lu ý: + §éng tõ têng thuËt lµ: ordered, commanded (ra lÖnh), requested, asked (yªu cÇu), told (b¶o lµm )
+ T©m ng÷ trùc tiÕp chØ ngêi nhËn mÖnh lÖnh ®îc nªu lªn. + H×nh thøc mÖnh lÖnh cña ®éng tõ trong c©u mÖnh lÖnh trùc tiÕp ®æi thµnh ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ.
(+) He/ she + ordered + object + to infinitive commanded
told asked requested
Eg: “Please wait for a minute.” The man asked me The man asked me to wait for a minute. “Would you mind opening the door” she asked me. She asked me to open the door. He said to the waiter, “ Please bring me some hot water.” He told to the waiter to bring him some hot water. I said to her “Please shut the window.” I asked her to shut the window.
() He/ she ordered + object not to + infinitive
told asked
ờ ế i nói gián ti p: (Exclamationin reported speech)
ng thu t là: exclaim/shout
ứ ả ế ể ằ ằ
Eg: “ Please don’t talk loudly”. He asked me not to talk loudly. He said “Don’t shut the door”. He asked me not to shut the door. ả 4. Câu c m thán trong l ậ ừ ườ ộ Đ ng t t Eg: He said, “ What a lovely garden they have” He exclaimed that they had a lovely garden. ắ ầ Các hình th c c m thán b t đ u b ng “what’ và “how” chuy n sang gián ti p b ng: ặ He said that it was … / ho c He exclaimed that it was …
Eg1: She said; “What a pity!” (Direct speech) > She exclaimed that it was a pity Eg2: I said; “What a nice horse” > I exclaimed that it was a nice hoese Eg3: He said; “How beautiful she is!”> He exclaimed that she was beautiful! Eg4: “What a big egg” he said > He said that it was a big egg. Eg5: “ How dreadful!” he said > He exclaimed that it was dreadful.
5. Reported speech with to infinitive
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 33
An My secondary school - Khi lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp lµ lêi ®Ò nghÞ, mÖnh lÖnh, ý ®Þnh, lêi høa, lêi yªu cÇu,...®éng tõ t- êng thuËt cïng víi ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu theo sau thêng dïng ®Ó truyÒn t¶i néi dung lêi nãi trªn.
§éng tõ têng thuËt + t©n ng÷ + ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu (to-infinitive) *§éng tõ têng thuËt: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want., beg, instruct, persuade… §éng tõ têng thuËt + ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu (to-infinitive) *§éng tõ têng thuËt:agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide... Would you/ Could you / Will you/ Can you -> asked+ sb + to + V Would you mind + V-ing /Do you mind + V-ing -> asked + sb + to +V Would you like/ Will you -> invited + sb + to + V
i m i: ị ờ ờ S + invite + (O) + to V …/ S + offer + to V …
ể ờ ử ụ
ề a. Đ ngh , l Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?> He invited me to go out for a drink. She said to me; “How about some coffee”> She invited me some coffee “I will look after the house for you if you like” he said. > He offered to look after the house for me if I liked. * Ta s d ng “ Would you like to V... / How about …/ Why don’t you + … đ m i Eg: Why don’t you come to my village to have a day off? * Offer: Would you like me to V Shall I do.../ Can I…? Could I …? I’ll do … if you like
Eg: Can I help you with the dishes? Shall I shut the door? Would you like a drink? Would you like to come for a meal?
ộ ừ ườ t
ệ ệ
he asked me to close the door.
ậ ầ b. Yêu c u: (đ ng t ng thu t ask) Ex: She said, “Can you lend me your book?” > She asked me to lend her my book. ể * Ta cã thÓ sö dông : Could you….? , Can you …? Would you mind …? Or câu m nh l nh đ yêu c uầ “Would you mind closing the door?” (cid:0) Can you close the door? Close the door ,please.
* “I’d like…” “Can I have…?” ụ ể ấ ế khi chuy n sang gián ti p ta áp d ng c u trúc
“Could I have…?”
S + asked + someboby + for + something
Ex: In a restaurant, the man said; “I’d like a bottle of red wine, please” > The man asked for a bottle of red wine
ể ấ c. Khuyên b o:ả Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said. > My mother advised me to study harder. *Lêi khuyªn thêng b¾t ®Çu b»ng: - You should / You ought to V........... - If I were you , I would/ should … - You had better … Why don’t you …. Eg’ Why don’t you repaint our room? (cid:0) She advised me to repaint their room. ế Chuy n sang gián ti p có c u trúc sau: S + advised + O + to V …
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 34
ở ờ ắ
An My secondary school d. L i nh c nh
ờ ụ ế ấ ể khi chuy n sang l i nói gián ti p ta áp d ng c u trúc sau
“Remember…” Don’t for get
S + remind(ed) + someboby + to Infinitive verb
Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening” > She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining
ự ồ ư ụ ề ể ấ
e. S đ ng ý v quan đi m nh : all right, yes, of course (áp d ng c u trúc sau): S + agreed + to verb…
Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said > He agreed to wait for me
f. Caâu tröïc tieáp dieãn taû ñieàu mong muoán nhö: would like, wish (aùp duïng caáu truùc sau): S + wanted + obj + to verb…
Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said > My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor
ừ ố to V …
ờ ứ
ườ ứ ổ ậ ớ ng thu t v i to V:
ộ
ờ ề ế ị ế ớ ừ i đ ngh , chúc m ng, c m n, xin l ừ ườ t ậ ng thu t cùng
i nói gián ti p là l ộ ả ơ ề ả ộ ườ ể ng dùng đ truy n t theo sau nó th ừ ) ộ ỗ i ….đ ng t ờ i nói trên. i n i dung l
ậ ng thu t + Ving.......
ậ deny, admit, suggest, regret........... g. T ch i : S + refused + Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car” > He refused to lend me his car. h. L i h a: S + promised to V… Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday” -> He promised to send me a card on my birthday. * Công th c chung khi đ i sang câu t S + V (+ O) + to V 6. Reported speech with gerund: (câu gián ti p v i danh đ ng t ờ Khi l ừ ớ v i danh đ ng t Đ ng t ừ ườ ộ t ừ ườ ộ t * Đ ng t ng thu t:
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home” > He suggested going home
+ Ving… ớ ừ i t
ậ ng thu t + gi ậ : dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, think of, look forward ừ ườ t ng thu t:
Đ ng t ộ * Đ ng t ừ ườ ộ t to.........
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan. > Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
ớ ừ i t ữ + tân ng + Ving…
ậ thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn ừ ườ t ừ ườ t
Đ ng t ậ ộ ng thu t + gi * Đ ng t ộ ng thu t: sb against, prevent sb from, stop sb from…
Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you. > Tom thanked me for helping him. Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said. > Peter apologised for being late.
Danh ®éng tõ têng thuËt thêng ®i theo ®éng tõ têng thuËt SUGGEST trong c¸c
mÉu c©u ®Ò nghÞ sau:
(cid:0) Why don’t you/ Why not / How about -> suggest + sb + V-ing
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 35
An My secondary school
(cid:0)
(cid:0) Let’s / Let’s not -> suggest + V-ing/ suggest + not+ V-ing Shall we/ It’s a good idea -> suggest + V-ing.
ỗ ả ơ i: C m n, xin l
ươ S + insisted + on + ving…
a. S + thanked + s.o + for + ving S + apologized for + (not) + ving S + apologized + to + s.o + for + (not) + ving Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you. > Tom thanked me for helping him. Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said. > Peter apologised for being late. b. Chúc m ng:ừ S + congratulated + s.o + on + ving Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!” > John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship. “I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” John said to us. -> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams ế c. C ng quy t, khăng khăng: Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan. > Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise. “I’ll drive you to the station. I insist,” Peter said to Linda -> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station
ả
ả ờ ả ư be careful, be dangerous
d. C nh báo, ngăn c n: L i c nh báo nh : a. S + warned + s.o + to verb…
b. S + warned + s.o + against + ving … ex1: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said -> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to out at night Ex2: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann -> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport
ủ ậ ậ ấ
ị ợ ề
Ex3: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda. > I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night. Ngăn c n: ả S + prevented, stopped + s.o + from + ving… Ex1: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane > Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night Ex2: “Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me. > Mary prevented me from standing all the time. ặ e. Ch p nh n ho c ph nh n: Ex1: “We stole his money,” they said. > They admitted stealing his money. Ex2: “I didn’t steal his money,” she said. > She denied stealing his money. f. Đ ngh , g i ý: S + suggest + (not) + Ving … S1 + suggest (ed) + That + S2 + should + bare infinitive
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home” -> He suggested going home
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 36
An My secondary school
-> He suggested that we should go home
Ex: “Let’s go out for a drink,” Susan said. > Susan suggested going out for a drink. * Lêi ®Ò nghÞ, gîi ý thêng b¾t ®Çu b»ng: - sö dông “could” ®Ó gîi ý: She could phone her - Shall we …. Shall we go and see a film?
Shall we talk about something different now?
- What about …/ How about V-ing…/ Let’s V……./ Why don’t we V ….
What about going to Judy's?
How about using my car?
Let's go outside.
ố Why don't you write to her yourself? ộ ộ i:
c:
g. T cáo, bu c t Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said. > He accused me of taking some of his money. ơ ướ S + dr e a m e d + of + v ing… h. M Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said. > John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
“I’ve always wante to be rich, ” Bob said -> Bob had always dreamed of being rich
i. Söï suy ng h ó ve à ca ùi gì (aù p duïn g ca á u tru ù c sa u ) S + think (th o u g h t ) + of + v ing… Ex: John’s wife: The house is very nice! We’ll certainly buy it John : I think so -> John and his wife were thinking of buying the house.
k. Söï cha á p nh a ä n (a ù p duïn g ca á u tru ù c sa u ) S + ad m i t t e d + v ing…
Detective: You have stolen Mrs. Brown’s car! The thief|: Yes…! But… -> The thief admitted stealing/having stolen Mrs Brown’s car
l. Söï mo n g ñôïi (aù p duïn g ca á u truù c sa u ) S + look e d for w ar d to + v ing… Ex: “Mr.Smith: I feel like meeting our children soon” Mrs Smith: I think so
ờ
ờ ứ ỗ ợ ể ế i nói gián ti p: (mixed forms in reported speech) ỏ ề ẳ ồ ợ ị
He asked me if I could play the guitar and I said that I couldn’t.
-> Mr and Mrs. Smith looked forward to meeting their children soon ế 7. Các hình th c h n h p trong l ệ ứ ỗ ự L i nói tr c ti p có th bao g m nhi u hình th c h n h p: câu kh ng đ nh, câu h i, câu m nh ả ệ l nh, câu c m thán: Eg: 1. He said, “Can you play the guitar?” and I said “No” (cid:0) 2. “I don’t know the way. Do you? He asked. (cid:0) He said that he didn’t know the way and asked her if she knew it.
3. “I’m going to shopping. Can I get you something? She said (cid:0) She said that she was going to shopping and asked if she could get me anything.
. ExercisesI: Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 37
An My secondary school ……………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………… 2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week” ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………… 3. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks” ………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………… 4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully” ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………… 5. Hoa’s father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend” ……………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………… 6. Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer” ……………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………… 7. She said “She doesn’t buy this book” ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………… 8. The boys said “We have to try our best to win the match” ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 9. Thuy told us “My friends will get the award for their highest scores” ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 12. Ha said “I will go to school by bus tomorrow” ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 14. Hanh told Manh “You can use my computer today” ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 15. Mai said “I can not go to the movies with you, Nam” ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… EXERCISES II (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS) 1. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter ….……………………………………………………………………………. 2. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan …..……………………………………………………………………………. 3. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …. 4. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom ………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 38
An My secondary school 5. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” Hung asked his friend ………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………… 6. “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter ……………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………… 7. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 8. Lee said to me “Can you speak Chinese?” …………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… 9. “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu ………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………… 10. “Were you reading this book at 8 o’clock last Sunday?” Huong asked Ba ……………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………… EXERCISES III(REPORTED SPEECH: WHQUESTIONS) 1. “Where does your father work?” Thang asked Huyen ……………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………… 2. “How many people are there in your family?” Binh asked Lan ………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………… 3. Tan’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?” ……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………… 4. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” Trang asked her mom ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 5. Hung said to Trang “What‘s your hobby?” ………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………… 6. “How do you go to the airport?” Mr Truong asked Miss Nhan ………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………… 7. “How much does this dress cost?” Manh asked Hue ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …… 8. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?” ………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………… 9. “When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu ……………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 39
An My secondary school 10. “How many books do the students need?” Mr Hoa asked Mr Kien ………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………… EXERCISES IV Reported speech with to infinitive 1. She said to him: “give me another glass of wine”. …………………………………………..……………………………………… 2. She said to me: “bring me a book”. ……………………………………………………..……………………………………… 3. Mother said to him: “open the window please!”. ………………………………………………………..……………………………………… 4. He said to me: “shut the door after you”. …………………………………………..…………………………………………………… 5. The captain said to them: “wait here still I come back”. ………………………………………………………..……………………………………… 6. She told her: “take it and come with me”. ………………………………………………………..……………………………………… 7. He said to me: “don’t come back before one o’clock”. ……………………………………………..……………………………………………… 8. My mother told me: “don’t forget to look at the door”. ………………………………………………………..……………………………………… 9. He said to his brother: “don’t open the window, open the door”. ………………………………………………………..……………………………………… 10. He said to the girl: “don’t sit on my bed, sit on this chair please!”. ………………………………………………………..………………………………………
EXERCISES V Complete the sentences in reported speech.
→ 1. "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said. The teacher told Joe ...................
→ 2. "Be patient," she said to him. She told him.....................
→ Her father told her......................
3. "Go to your room," her father said to her.
→ 4. "Hurry up," she said to us. She told us ...................
→ 5. "Play it again, Sam," she said. She asked Sam ....................
→ The receptionist asked the guest ............
6. "Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said.
→ 7. "Take off your shoes," she told us. She told us................
→ 8. "Mind your own business," she told him. She told him ........................
→ 9. "Don't touch it," she said to him. She told him ...................................
→ 10. "Don't do that again," he said to me. He told me ...................................
→ 11. "Don't talk to me like that," he said. He told her ......................................
→ 12. "Don't repair the computer yourself," she warned him. She warned him ......................
→ 13. "Don't go out without me," he begged her. He begged her...............................
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 40
An My secondary school
→ 14. "Don't forget your bag," she told me. She told me ..................
→ 15. "Don't give yourself up," he advised her. He advised her ..........................
→ 16. "Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said. She told the boys ...........................
EXERCISES VI Change the following sentence into reported speech:
1. Teacher to John “Write that exercise carefully”
……………………………………………………..……………………………………
Mrs Green said “ Please sing at our party, Mary”
2.
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
3. Teacher to John: “Be careful; think before you answer”
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
4. Tom: “Read my exercise, John, and tell me if it is correct
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
5. Traveler to taxi driver: “Direct to Victoria station as fast as you can. I must catch the 12.50 train”.
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
6. “It is cold here. Is the window open?” He asked me
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
7. The pupil said “Teacher, give us better marks, please”
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
8. “What a dirty face you have!” Ann said to her son.
……………………………………………………..…………………………………
9. “Don’t come back before one o’clock” advised my brother.
……………………………………………………..………………………………… 10. “I wonder who is coming on the excursion tomorrow. I do hope it won’t rain.” She said ……………………………………………………..……………………………………
11. “It’s a very nice evening. Why don’t we go out for a walk? Mrs Brown suggested
……………………………………………………..……………………………………
ợ ọ ườ ng h p)
She suggested that they should eat out that night.
She suggested that he should prepare all the lesson.
She suggested their doing exercises that
agree
Some special cases: 1. Indirect speech with Let’s/ Let him/ Let her/ Let them: + Let’s/ Let him/ let her/ Let them do something …. suggest that somebody should do something (dùng cho m i tr Eg: “Let’s eat out tonight” she said. (cid:0) “Let him prepare all the lesson.” She said (cid:0) + Let’s/let him/ let her … … suggest + Ving (dùng cho let’s) …suggest + somebody’s + Ving ( dùng cho let him/ let her/ let them Eg: “Let’s go camping next weekend” he said (cid:0) He suggested going camping the following weekend. “Let them do their exercises this morning” she said (cid:0) morning. 2. + “Yes, let’s” (cid:0) Eg” “Let’s go to the theatre tonight? He said “Yes, let’s’ said one of his friends.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 41
An My secondary school
(cid:0) He suggested going to the theatre that night and one of his friends agreed.
object to the idea/ be against the idea
+ “No, Let’s not” (cid:0) Eg’ “No, let’s not. It is hot” said another friend (cid:0) but another friend objected to that idea/ was against it because it was hot.
She asked her mother to let him go with her
He asked his teacher to let her do it
3. Let = allow Eg: “Let him go with me, mother” she said (cid:0) “Let her do it herself, teacher” he said to his teacher. (cid:0) herself.
Ụ Ậ Ậ BÀI T P V N D NG:
EXERCISES I Change the following sentences into reported speech: 1. “Let’s give a party” said Ann......................... “Let’s not” said her husband................................ 2. “Let’s take a tent and camp out” said Bill................................ “ Good idea” said Nina.............................. 3. “Let the children stay indoor tonight.” Mr Dong said.......................... 4. “Let me go”Mr Quang said to the policeman............................. 5. “Let’s go swimming in the lake” Huynh said................................... “No, it is against law” said his friend........................................ 6. “Let’s prepare everything for the party” Ha said............................... “Yes, let’s” said her friend............................................... 7. “Let’s stay here till the storm has passed” KimAnh said............................. 8. “Don’t ride your bike too close the car in front” said my mother (warn) ........................................................................................... 9. “Let’s go swimming. It is too hot to learn our lesson now.” Hung said ........................................................................................................... 10. “You ought to wear a safety helmet when you drive motorbike” MrsXuan said to her husband. ...................................................................................................................................... EXERCISES II Rewrite the following sentences using given words or phrases: 1. ‘What’s your job?” Mary asked Tom. Mary wanted to …………………………………………………………….. 2. The factory inspector asked me “where I kept the fine fighting equipment’’ ............................................................................................................................ 3. Hang said “It’s good if you make your own decision,Huy” (advise) She … 4. “Why don’t you read that book, Peter” Phuong said Phuong suggested … 5. “What a mischievous boy!”Trung said. Trung exclaimed … 6. “How wonderful the play was!” said John John exclaimed … 7. ‘Me? No, I didn’t break your glasses.’ Peter said. Peter … 4. Indirect speech with ‘must” ‘need” “have to” + I must do … = unchanged/ had to
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 42
He said he must/ had to be there at 6 a.m
He asked if I/ she had to get ready for the party.
she said that she must not get up early the next
She said that he must not be/ wasn’t to be present at the meeting that day.
She said that she needn’t have to do her homework/ wouldn’t have to do her homework.
She asked if she need/ had to prepare everything for the meal.
He wished me good luck
he wished me happy Christmas He congratulated me
Subject + Auxiliary verb
He asked me if I had had a good time and I said I had
He asked me if I had done my work and I said I hadn’t
Subject + greet …
An My secondary school Eg: ‘I must be there at 6 a.m” he said (cid:0) + Must I/ you/ he … do …? = had to Eg: “Must you get ready for the party” he said (cid:0) + I must not do … = unchanged Eg: “I must not get up early tomorrow”, she said (cid:0) day + You/ She/ He must not do … = unchanged/ weren’t to do/ wasn’t to do Eg: “He must not be present at the meeting today” she said (cid:0) + I needn’t do = needn’t have to/ wouldn’t have to … Eg” “I needn’t do my homework” she said (cid:0) + You he/ she needn’t do … = unchanged Eg: “You needn’t lock the door” she said (cid:0) She said that he needn’t lock the door. + Need I/ you/ he do …? = unchanged / had to Eg: “Need I prepare everything for the meal” she said (cid:0) 5. Indirect speech with some expressions: + “Thanks” he said (cid:0) He thanked me + “Good luck” he said (cid:0) “Happy Christmas” he said (cid:0) + “Congratulation” she said (cid:0) + The notice said ‘Welcome to Bacgiang” (cid:0) The notice welcomed visitors to Bac giang + “No/ Yes” (cid:0) Eg: “Did you have a good time” he said; “yes’ I said (cid:0) “Have you done your work” he said “ No’ I said (cid:0) + Good morning/ evening/ hello (cid:0) EXERCISES 1 Change into reported speech: 1. She said; “How beautiful they are” 2. I said; “How fast he is running!” 3. He said; “What a lovely house!” 4. She said; “What beautiful flowers!” 5. She said to him; “Shall we eat out tonight?” 6. Why don’t you put a better lock on the door? 7. He said; “Cigarette”, I answer “No thanks” 8. She said to me; “Remember to lock the door before you go to bed” 9. She said; “Can I have some money; Mum?”
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 43
An My secondary school 10. She said; “The earth moves around the sun” 11. Tom said; “I would rather you started today” 12. She said; “Could I have a cup of coffee” 13. “Would you mind waiting?” he said 14. “Would you like to drink coffee?” he said 15. Lan said; “You had better go to the doctor?” 16. Henry said; “Let’s not much fuss about it” 17. They said; “We will wait for if you are late” 18. Peter said; “I wish I had something to eat” 19. My mother said; “If I were you, I should do nothing about it” 20. The coach said to them; “It’s high time we began training for our next match” 21. I sai to her; “I wish you had seen it” 22. His mother said; “Don’t forget to thank Mrs Jones” 23. He said; “You might check these figures for me” 24. “Where shall we meet?” I said. “What about the hotel?” bill said 25. “You needn’t come in tomorrow”, said my employer. “Take the day off”
Exercise2:Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1. "Where is my umbrella?" she asked. → She asked …………………………
2. "How are you?" Martin asked us. → Martin asked us ……………………….
3. He asked, "Do I have to do it?" → He asked ………………………..
4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter → The mother asked her daughter ………………………………………
5. "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend. → She asked her boyfriend ……………………………………..
6. "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me. → He wanted to know ………………………………………
7. The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?" → The teacher wanted to know……………………………………………
8. "How do you know that?" she asked me. → She asked me …………………………………………………….
My friend asked me……………………………………………………
9. "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me. → Exercise2:Complete the sentences in reported speech. → He wanted to know → She asked me
→ →
→
She asked him He wanted to know He asked her → She asked me → 1. "What's the time?" he asked. 2. "When will we meet again?" she asked me. 3. "Are you crazy?" she asked him. 4. "Where did they live?" he asked. 5. "Will you be at the party?" he asked her. 6. "Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me. 7. "Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked. The teacher wanted to know
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 44
An My secondary school
→ She wanted to know
→ He asked me → 8. "Why don't you help me?" she asked him. 9. "Did you see that car?" he asked me. 10. "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins. The mother asked the twins
Exercise 3 – Requests (positive): Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change
of pronouns in some sentences.
The teacher told Joe → → She told him → Her father told her →
→
He asked Caron → The receptionist asked the guest →
She told us → 17. "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said. 18. "Be patient," she said to him. 19. "Go to your room," her father said to her. 20. "Hurry up," she said to us. She told us → 21. "Give me the key," he told her. He asked her → She asked Sam 22. "Play it again, Sam," she said. 23. "Sit down, Caron" he said. 24. "Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said. 25. "Take off your shoes," she told us. 26. "Mind your own business," she told him. She told him
Exercise 4 Requests (negative):Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of
pronouns in some sentences.
→ She told him
→ → He told me He told her → She warned him →
→ He begged her →
The chemistry teacher told his students
1. "Don't touch it," she said to him. 2. "Don't do that again," he said to me. 3. "Don't talk to me like that," he said. 4. "Don't repair the computer yourself," she warned him. She told me 5. "Don't let him in," she said. 6. "Don't go out without me," he begged her. 7. "Don't forget your bag," she told me. 8. "Don't eat in the lab," the chemistry teacher said. 9. "Don't give yourself up," he advised her. → 10. "Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said. She told me → → He advised her She told the boys
EXERCISE5: Change the following sentences into Indirect Reported Speech or viceversa 1. The doctor told him that he worked too hard. (cid:0) “You..………………………………………… ………….........……………………
2. “I’m sorry I broke the glass”, said Peter. (cid:0) Peter apologized.……………………… …………………………………………
3. She asked John how he liked her new dress. (cid:0) “How…...…………………………………………………………………………
4. “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?”, he asked. (cid:0) He suggested…………………………………………..……………………
5. “Keep away from this area”, said the security guard when we approached the fence. (cid:0) The security guard told……………………………………………………
6. Isabel: “You can’t borrow my pen, Robert!”. (cid:0) Isabel…...………………………………………………………………
7. She asked John to repeat what he had said.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 45
An My secondary school
(cid:0) Please……..………………………………………………………………
8. “I don’t want to be criticized by nonprofessionals”, said the film star. (cid:0) The film star objected…..………………………………………………………
9. “If I were you, I’d look for another job”, said one of my friends. (cid:0) One of my friends……………………………………………………………
10. She wanted to know if he had studied French. (cid:0) She asked him………………………………………………………………………
11. “Bring your umbrella in case it rains”, he said to me. (cid:0) He told……....……………………………………………………………………
12. “Why don’t you ask her yourself?”, I said to my brother. (cid:0) I………..…....……………………………………………………………………………
13. “You should take science appreciation courses at school”, she said. (cid:0) She…..……....…………………………………………………………………………
14. “If I were you, I would take more exercise”, said his doctor. (cid:0) His doctor…....……………………………………………………………..……
15. “Don’t forget to phone me when you get to London”, said my mom. (cid:0) My mom…....…………………………………………………..……………..…
16. “You should have waited for us, Bill”, said the coach. (cid:0) The coach…....………………………………………………………………..…
17. “I don’t want to be criticized by nonprofessionals”, said the film star. (cid:0) The film star objected…………………………………………………………..
18. “It’s true that I broke your old vase”, she said in tears. (cid:0) She admitted....……………………………………………… …………………
19. “Don’t move or I’ll shoot”, said the bank robber to the clerk. (cid:0) The bank robber threatened.…………………………………………… ………
20. “Don’t forget to phone the police”, she told him. (cid:0) She reminded...……………………………………………………………..……
21. “Don’t swim out too far, boys”, said the coach. (cid:0) The coach…....…………………………………………………………………
22. “It’s you that have parted my family”, she said angrily to him. (cid:0) She……...…....…………………………………………………….………
23. “How long has it been since you left this city, Bob?” asked Mary. (cid:0) Mary wanted to know….………………………………………………….……
24. “Shall we walk round for a change this evening?” she said. (cid:0) She suggested..…………………………………………………………………….……
25. “I don’t think John will come”, said Bill. (cid:0) Bill doubted....……………………………………………………………………………
26. “Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, Barry?”, said George. (cid:0) George suggested…………………………………………………………………….…
27. “Why didn’t I get a computer before? , thought the officer manager. (cid:0) The officer manager wondered…………………………………………………….……
28. “Jack, why don’t we help Old Tom?”, said Jackie. (cid:0) Jackie suggested..……………………………………………… …….…………
29. “Would you like to come to my house for a chat tonight?”, he said. (cid:0) He………………………………………………………………………………
30. She asked me what I had been doing at three the previous afternoon.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 46
An My secondary school
(cid:0) “What……....……………………………………………………………………………
31. “I wasn’t there at that time”, he said. (cid:0) He denied…....……………………………………………………….………
32. The policeman charged him with stealing that bicycle. (cid:0) “You………....……………………………………………………………………………
33. “Where has he been?”, she doesn’t know that. (cid:0) She doesn’t......……………………………………………… ………………
34. “Can I have a new bicycle?”, said Anna to her mother. (cid:0) Anna asked......………………………………………………… …………………
35. “Let’s go for a walk in the park”, said Andrew. (cid:0) Andrew……....……………………………………………………………
36. He said, “I wish I knew the answer”. (cid:0) He said that......………………………………….…………………………..……………
37. “Please don’t drive so fast”, Ann begged her boyfriend. (cid:0) Ann pleaded.....……………………………………………… …………………
38. “I don’t think John will come”, said Bill. (cid:0) Bill doubted.....…………………………………………………………….…………….
39. “John, please don’t tell anyone my new address”, said Mary. (cid:0) Mary asked.....…………………………………………………………..………………
40. “Where is the station carpark?”, Mrs. Smith asked. (cid:0) Mrs. wanted...………………………………………………………..…………………
41. His English is not good, and he got a bad mark in his test last week (cid:0) If……..….....……………………………………………………………………………
42. “I don’t love you any more”, said Eric to his girlfriend. (cid:0) Eric told….....………………………………………………….………………………
43. “I must see the manager”, she cried. (cid:0) She insisted.....……………………………………………………………………………
44. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda”, said William. (cid:0) William….…...………………….……………………..………………………………
45. “How old is your little boy?”, said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley. (cid:0) The nurse….....…………………….…………………………..………………………
46. “Do you want to insure your luggage or not?”, said the travel agent. (cid:0) The travel.......…………………………………………………………………………
47. “You are cheating me”, said Carol to June. (cid:0) Carol…….......…………………………………………………………………………
48. “Where is the nearest tube?”, she asked. (cid:0) She enquired....…………………….………………………………..…………………
49. “It wasn’t me who took your car”, said Bob. (cid:0) Bob.……….....……………………..……………………………….………………
50. “If you don’t take it easy, you’ll have another heart attack”, he said. (cid:0) He advised.......………………………………………………………………………
51. “When it stops snowing, we must start digging ourselves out”, he said. (cid:0) He said…….....………………………………………………………………………
52. “You’d better not go out with Peter any more, Elizabeth”, said John. (cid:0) John……….....………………………………………………………………………
53. “Less noise”, the teacher told the boys.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 47
An My secondary school
(cid:0) The teacher......………………………………………………………..……………
54. “You caused the accident”, said the other driver. (cid:0) The other driver…..………………………………………………..………………
55. Helen wanted to know the name of Shirley’s hairdresser’s. (cid:0) Helen said, “Shirley, where do……………………………………..………………
56. Paul said he was going to China the following year. (cid:0) “I…………......……………………………………………………..………………
57. The porter told us that the train had left five minutes before. (cid:0) “I’m sorry but..………………………………………………..……………………
58. “I never used bad language”, she said. (cid:0) She denied…...………………………………………………..….…………………
59. She asked John to repeat what he had said. (cid:0) “Please…......……………………………………………………….………………
60. “Must you go so soon?”, I said. (cid:0) I…….……......………………………………………………………………………
EXCERCISE 6 Put the sentences into reported speech. 1. “If the weather is fine, I will go on a picnic with my friends,” she said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. “What would you do if you had three days off ?” I asked him. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. “I would have come to see you if I had known your address, Jim” she said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. “I’m sure she will help you if you ask her.” , he told me. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. “If Today were Sunday, we wouldn’t go to school.” They said to me. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.She said to me, “If I were you, I wouldn’t tell her about this.” ………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. “There would not be enough seats if a lot of guests came.” ………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. “You will be surprised if you meet him.” , Peter said to Linda. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 9.The boy said : “I won’t be strong if I don’t swim everyday.” ………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. “What would you do if you saw a snake ?” Nam asked Nga. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 11. “We’ll have lunch outside in the garden if it’s not cold.” ,Mr John said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 12. “Tom would win more races if he trained hard.” , The man said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. “If you feel like a chat, phone me tonight.” David said to me. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 14. “If you isn’t so much junk food, you would be a lot fitter.” Mother said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 15. “I will be surprised if Mary doesn’t pass the exam.” , our teacher said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 48
An My secondary school 16. “If I knew her hobbies, I could let you know.” He said to me. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 17. “If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car.” , the man said. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 18. “If you had listened to my advice, you wouldn’t have made such a big mistakes.” Julia said to LiLi. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… EXCERCISE 7 Change into reported speech
1. “Open the safe,” the robber said to the bank clerk.
> The robber ordered....
2. “ Leave this spaces clear,” the notice said.
> The noticed told.......
3. “Mr.Brown, this is Miss White,” he said.
> He introduced ..........
4. “ Shall I open the window for you?” he said.
> He told....
5. “ I’ll wait for you. I promise,” he said to me.
> He promised ......
6. “ Would you like to come with me?” John said.
> He invited........
7. “ Don’t worry. Of course you can take a holiday,” John said.
> John ressured me that.....
8. “ Don’t forget to take the holiday,” John said.
> John reminded ..............
9. “ You should take a holiday,” John said.
> John advised ............
10. “Are you going to take a holiday?” John said.
> John asked whether........
11. “ It’s all right by me if you take a holiday,” John said.
John agreed that ........
12. “ Actually, I’d rather you took a holiday,” John said.
> John prefered that......
13. “I thought you were going to take a holiday” John said.
> John expected .....
14. “ Taking a holiday would be a good idea” John said
>John proposed that.....
15. “ You really must take a holiday,” John said.
>John insisted that.......
16. “ Don’t touch that switch, Peter.” I said
> I warned....
17. “ Read it before you sign it” he said to his client.
>. He advised...
18. “ Will you help me, please?” he said, “ I can’t reach the top shelf”
>She asked...
19. “ Please do as I say, “ he said to me. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 49
An My secondary school > He begged
20. “ Don’t forget to prune the roses” said my aunt.
> My aunt reminded....
21. “ Would you like me to help you with the cooking, Tom?” Laura said
. > Laura offered...
22. “ If you don’t pay the rasom, we’ll kill the boy” said the kidnapper.
> The kinapper threatened
23. “ I won’t answer any questions” Paul said
> Paul agreed..
24. “ Would you like to go camping with us next weekend?” said Minh to Phong.
> Minh invited.
25. “ Don’t forget to join in the contest tomorrow morning” Lan said.
> Lan reminded.....
26. “ Would you like me to clean the room for you” she said
> She offered....
27. “If I were you, I would join the voluntary team tomorrow, Tom.” said Mike.
> Mike advised....
Exercise 8. Rewrite the following sentences with Gerund 1. “ Why don’t you organize an English competition for our student?” said Ms Lien.
> Ms Lien suggested........
2. “ I’m sorry I’m late, said Mr Thanh.
> Mr Thanh apologized.....
3. “Me? No, I didn’t take Sue’s calculator” Said Bob.
> Bob denied.....
4. “ You were cheating” said David to Henry.
> David accused ........
5. “ I must see the manager.” he cried.
> He insisted.....
6. “ If you wanted to take my bike, you should have asked me first” said Mike to his brother. >Mike criticized.... 7. “ You won the scholarship. Congratulation,” Mary told me.
> Mary congratulated ......
8. “ It was kind of you to help me with my homework” Lan said to Hoa.
9.
> Lan thanked ...... “ I’m sorry that I broke the glass,” said Peter. ( apologized) > Peter ......
10. “ Let’s invite Mr. Brown to the party next weekend” he said. ( suggested)
Exercise 9. Rewrite the following sentences with Infinitive and Gerund 1. “ I will bring the sandwiches to the party” said Helen.
> Helen offered...
2. “ Let’s all go to Lisbon!” they said.
> They suggested......
3. “ You’d better leave that old flat,” my mother told us.
> My mother advised ..........
4. “ Please let me go to Martin’s house!” Said Muriel three times.
> Muriel insisted.....
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 50
An My secondary school 5. “ It was you and only you who stole the cake from the fridge” my mother told my sister.
>My mother accused....
6. “ Don’t cross the river, it’s full of crocodiles”
> They warned...
7. “I’m sorry I’m late”
> He apologized....
8. “ I think you’d better drink the medicine” the doctor said.
> The doctor advised....
9. “Let’s eat something and then go for a stroll” she said.
> She suggested...
10. “ Why don’t we go for a walk”?
> She suggested.................
11. “ This spot is the best place for a picnic.”
> My father said ...............
12. “ Can you answer the phone? I’m having a shower.”
> He asked his son .......................
13. “ Could you come and pick me up from school today, Dad?”
> Bill asked..............
14. “ If I were you, I wouldn’t drink so much” >He advised his friend..................
15. “ I won’t help you because you didn’t help me”
a.> Joan said .............. b.> Joan refused ............ 16. “ I’ll bring it back tomorrow”
a. >He said........... b. >He promised.............
. Exercise 10 Write the following sentences, being as shown, so that the meaning staying the meaning. 1.
“Lan, can you remember to buy some bread?” Minh reminded…………………………………………………
2. “ I really think you should see a doctor, Chi”
Binh advised……………………………………………………
3. “No, I’m sorry, I won’t work on Saturday. Definitely not”
4.
Ann refused……………………………………………………… “Yes, all right, I’ll share the bill with you, Mai” Kim agreed………………………………………………………
5. “Carol, speaking English,” he said
He told……………………………
6. “Fill in the form, sir” the receptionist said to the guest.
7.
The receptionist asked……………………………….. “Mind your own business,” Ethel told me. Ethel told………………………………………….
8. “Don’t repair the computer yourself” she said to him.
She warned…………………………………………..
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 51
An My secondary school
9. “Don’t give yourself up” he told his girlfriend.
He advised …………………………………………..
10. “Don’t go out without me,” Harry told Sally.
Harry begged…………………………………………
11. Allen said, “I’d like you to visit my house”
Allen wanted…………………………………………
12. “Don’t forget to post the letter for me when you go out” my wife said.
My wife reminded……………………………………………………………………
13. “Could you possibly speak more slowly, please?” the student said to the teacher.
The student asked……………………………………………………………………
14. “You turn it on first, and then you press this button.” she told me.
She instructed……………………………………………………………..
15. “Guard, take him to the prison” said the king.
The king ordered…………………………………………………………. late this sentence into English for me?” Maria said to Mark.
16. “Can you trans Maria asked…………………………………………………………………. 17. “Don’t forget to send Aunt Kim a birthday card,” Mary said to her son.
Mary reminded……………………………………………………………..
18. “Sign on the dotted line” the postman said to me.
The postman ordered……………………………….
19. “Please, please, please marry me. I can’t live without you,” Ben talked to Moria.
Ben begged………………………………………………………………
20. “Please come to our wedding,” John said to his boss.
John invited……………………………………………
21. “I’ll pay for the next round” Bobby said.
Bobby told…………………………………
22. “Don’t run around the edge of the swimming pool or you’ll fall in” Susan said to her
children. Susan warned……………………………………………………….
23. “I won’t go to bed,” Ron said. Ron refused………………………………………………. 24. “You should talk to your advisor,” Bill said to me.
Bill offered…………………………………………..
25. “Take that chewing gum out of your mouth immediately!” the teacher said to Jo.
ườ ừ ậ ng thu t
ậ ở ạ ườ ệ ệ ng thu t ẳ d ng m nh l nh kh ng
ộ ố ộ ủ ị ệ The teacher ordered……………………………………………………………….. ử ụ trong câu t ứ ủ ạ ư t nh : ứ ủ ộ ****: S d ng hình th c c a đ ng t ộ ả Trong d ng này các em ph i thu c công th c c a câu t ừ ặ ị đ nh và ph đ nh, m t s đ ng t đ c bi
ừ
ỗ ờ ắ ở
ầ
i ai vì đã ợ cáo ai đã
ừ ố ố ch i đã làm gì
ơ ồ ừ ố advise + O + to Vo: khuyên ai làm gì invite + O + to Vo : m i ai làm gì remind + O + toVo : nh c nh ai làm gì ask + O + to Vo : yêu c u ai làm gì allow + O + to Vo: cho phép ai lam agree + to Vo : đ ng ý làm gí refuse + to Vo : t ch i ko lam
ị ề Suggest + Ving : đ ngh ậ Admit + Ving : th a nh n đã làm Apologize for + Ving: xin l Look forward to + Ving: mong đ i làm gì Accuse + O + of + Ving : t Deny + Ving : t Thank + O + for + Ving: cám n ai vì đã làm gì Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 52
ả
An My secondary school Prevent + O + from + : ngăn c n ai làm gì Blame + O + for + Ving: phàn nàn ai đã làm
ế encourage + O + to Vo: khuy n khích ai lam ứ promise to Vo : h a làm gì
C. not to sit ủ ạ B. not sit ữ ể ạ ậ D. to not sit ng thu t. Đây là d ng
ủ ị ệ ậ ườ ứ Speaker + told / asked ... + O + not to Vo , VD1: I told her _________ on the stairs. A. don’t sit ả ậ ọ
Trong VD1, các em ph i nhìn nh ng đáp áp đ nh n ra d ng c a câu t ớ ả ệ m nh l nh ph đ nh, v y các em ph i nh công th c : ự d a vào đây, các em ch n đáp án C là đúng VD2: “Don’t play video games all the time!”, he said.
A. He told the boy not tot play video games all the time. B. He said to the boy not play video games all the time. C. He told to the boy not to play video games all the time. D. He said the boy not play video games all the time. ệ ậ ượ ạ ả ể ạ Trong VD2, các em cũng ph i nh n d ng đ
ệ ệ ộ ị ẳ c đây là m nh l nh kh ng đ nh đ lo i 2 đáp ng thu t “ ệ ừ ườ t ậ said”. Các em
ề ậ ạ án không đúng là B, D vì trong câu m nh l nh, không dùng đ ng t cũng có quy n lo i đáp án C vì “ told” không đi v i “ớ to”. V y đáp án A là đúng.
VD3: The office _______ us to pay the money.
A. suggested C. thanked
ứ ủ ộ ừ D. admitted ệ ơ ủ B. reminded ự Trong VD3, các em d a vào hình th c c a các đ ng t ư ầ (nh th y đã li t kê trên) c a
ậ
ừ ỉ t ng đáp án, v y ch có đáp án B là đúng. VD4: “If I were you, I would take the job,” said my roommate.
A. My roommate was thinking about taking the job . B. My roommate advised me to take the job. C. My roommate introduced the idea of taking the job to me. D. My roommate insisted on taking the job for me.
ả ủ ườ t n i dung c a câu t Trong VD4, các em ph i bi
ộ ậ ệ ư ậ ạ ậ ẽ ậ ự ế ừ ườ t ẽ ế ng thu t tr c ti p (n u tôi là b n tôi s ng thu t s chúng ta
ậ ữ ự ợ ể ọ ừ ặ ụ ừ ho c c m t
B. for being C. to being D. being
D. use B. toC. in D. for D. studies
ế ộ nh n công vi c đó). Nh v y có nghĩa là khuyên ai làm gì đó => đ ng t ấ ẽ s dùng ADVISE. Đáp án B là chính xác nh t Bài t p th c hành:Ch n t thích h p đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau: 1. His parents never allowed him ............A. smoking B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoke 2. The teacher told his students ____laughing.A. to stop B. stopping C. stop D. stopped 3. His sister apologized ____ rude to him. A. to be 4. I advised her _ anything about it to her friends. A. not saying B. not to say C. saying D.not say 5. I asked Barbara to let me ___ her car for the weekend. A. to use B. used C. using 6. I'm looking forward ___ receiving your email soon. A. at 7. The teacher advised him _____ harder.A. studyB. to studyC. studying 8. The mother told her son __ so impolitely.A. not behave B. not to behave C. not behaving D. did not behave 9. She told the boys ___ on the grass. A. do not play B. did not play C. not playing D. not to play 10. He advised ___too far.A. her did not go B. her do not go C. her not to go D. she did not go 11. He asked ___ him some money.A. her to lend B. she to lend C. she has lent D. she lends 12. She apologized to the teacher ____ being late.A. to B. for C. about D. on 13. I __ everybody for all the help they had given me.A. thanked B. Blamed C. Apologized D. suggested
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 53
An My secondary school 14. The teacher encouraged ___ good compositions.A. us write B. us to write C. us writing D. us to writing 15. The doctor told me _______A. I stay in bed for a few days B. I will stay in bed for a few days
C. I have to stay in bed for a few days D. to stay in bed for a few days
Ệ Ề Ề CHUYÊN Đ 6:CÂU ĐI U KI N
ầ
ệ ệ ng có 1 m nh đ chính (main clause) và 1 m nh đ ph (If clause).
ệ ề ệ ề ề ạ ặ ế : Ph n lý thuy t ệ ườ ề Câu đi u ki n th ể ặ ướ ề ụ M nh đ ph có th đ t tr ề ụ ệ c ho c sau m nh đ chính. Có 4 lo i câu đi u ki n:
ệ Lo iạ
s/es (to be:
ệ M nh đê IF S + Vo I
II am/is/are) ed (to be: were) S + Vo
III S + had + V3 ed
ướ ộ ợ ộ ế ể ỏ ề M nh đ chính S + will /shall/ can /may/must + Vo S + would/could/might + Vo S + would/could/might + have + V3 ed ừ ứ đ ng tr c đ ng t ừ ư nh : Có th b If n u tr đ ng t
L u ý:ư If it stops raining = Should it stop raining. If I were rich = Were I rich If he had known = Had he known Unless = If… not… These plants will die unless you water them regularly. These plants will die if you don’t water them regularly.
ề ễ ệ ớ Provide (that); On condition (that); As long as; So long as (mi n là, v i đi u ki n là…)
ườ sả ử ợ ỡ ng h p, phòng khi, nh mà
I’ll accept the job provided the salary is satisfactory.
Suppose, supposing: gi In case: trong tr Even if: dù là, cho là VD: In case I forget, please remind me ò my promise. Supposing you won a lot of money, what would you do? Even if we had been invited, we could not have come because we were very busy.
ầ ậ
ậ ứ ừ ủ ộ ặ trong ngo c
Ph n bài t p: Bài t p 1: Cho hình th c đúng c a đ ng t 1. You are late. If you ________ (come) a few minutes earlier, you _______ (meet) him. 2. If there are no subjunctive mood, English ________ (be) much easier. 3. I’d have gone swimming yesterday afternoon if I ________ (have) time. 4. What would you do if you _________ (win) a million pounds? 5. If you didn’t do this, you __________ (be) punished. 6. If he had told me the truth, I __________ (punish) him. 7. “What do you think about the U.S?”
“If I had known it was so industrialized. I _________ (be)come here”
8. If they had not given me advice, I __________ (fail) again. 9. If it _________ (rain) the match will be postponed 10. I would have met you at the bus terminal if I _______ (know)that you were arriving. 11. If there ______ (be) no floods last year, the crop __________ (be)better. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 54
ữ ừ ợ ử ụ ế ạ t l g i ý.
An My secondary school 12. I don’t have enough time. If I ________ (have) more time, I _______ (come) to see you. 13. Peter failed the final exam. If he ________(work) harder, he __________ (succeed) 14. If he ________ (be) taller, he ________ (be) able to join the police. 15. If I had known it would rain, I ________(take) my umbrellA. ậ Bài t p 2: Vi i nh ng câu sau s d ng t 1. I don’t know your address, so I can’t write you a letter. => If ………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. I live in a countryside because I don’t have a house in the city. => If ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. If you don’t start early, you will miss the train. => Unless………………………………………………………………………………... 4. She didn’t call me last night because she didn’t know my phone number. => If……………………………………………………………………………………... 5. They cancelled the trip because it rained heavily. => If ……………………………………………………………………………………. 6. He is overweight. He eats too much => If ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7. The room is cold because they leave the door open. => If ……………………………………………………………………………………… 8. Unless she works hard, she will fail the next exam. => If……………………………………………………………………………………… 9. I didn’t buy a bicycle because I didn’t have enough money. => I would…………………………………………………………………………………… 10. You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me. => Had…………………………………………………………………………………… ậ
ả ờ ọ ấ i đúng nh t
Bài t p 3: Ch n câu tr l 1. If I were you, I……..that. A. would apply for B. will ask for C. will have changedD. can take 2. If I…a wish. I’d wish for happiness for my family.A. haveB. been havingC. Had D. was having 3. If we had had time, we…to the party.A. can go B. will go C. would have goneD. will have gone 4. We couldn’t understand th teacher if he…too fast.A. spokeB. has spoken C. doesn’t speak D. didn’t speak 5. If everything is all right, we_________our work on time.
A. complete
B. are completing
C. have completed
D. will complete
6. What_________if the Earth suddenly stopped going around the Sun?
A. happens
B. will happen
C. would happen B. keep
C. kept
D. happenned D. didn’t keep
C. would study
D. had studied
7. Unless you….quiet, I’ll scream.A. don’t keep 8. You’ll be able to speak English well if you…..hard. A. study B. studied 9. If I….you, I …invitation.A. am/will refuse
B. was/will refuse
C. were/would refuse
D. had been/will refuse
B. Had you asked me
D. Unless you asked me
10. …, I’d have told you the answer.A. If you asked me C. You had asked me 11. I didn’t try hard, so I didn’t succeed.
A. If I tried hard, I would succeed.B. If I had tried hard, I would succeed. C. If I tried hard, I would have succeeded.D. If I had tried hard, I would have succeeded.
12. Mary didn’t wear the raincoat, she would get a cold. A. If mary wore the raincoat, she wouldn’t get a cold. B. If mary had worn the raincoat, she didn’t get a cold.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 55
An My secondary school
C. If mary had worn the raincoat, she wouldn’t have got a cold. D. If mary has worn the raincoat, she won’t have got a cold.
D. If Ihad money, I would go on holiday.
13. I haven’t got money, so I’m not going on holiday. A. Having no money made me go on holiday.B. Not having money on my holiday got me down. C. If I have money, I’ll go on holiday. 14. We didn't go on holiday last year because we didn't have enough money.
A. If we hadn’t had enough money, we wouldn’t have gone on holiday last year. B. If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday last year. C. If we hadn't had enough money, we would have gone on holiday last year. D. Unless we had enough money, we would go on holiday last year. 15. If I had enough money, …….A. I will buy that house B. I could buy that house
C. I can buy that house
Ề
D. I am buy that house Ệ
ƯỚ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 7: M NH Đ AO C (WISH)
ế ầ Ph n lý thuy t:
ướ ở ươ c t ng lai) a) Future wish: (mong
S + wish (es) S + would + V0 (If only)
(Could)
VD:
He wishes he would be an astronaut in the future. If only I would be able to attend your party next Sunday.
ướ ở ệ ạ hi n t c i) B. Present wish: (mong
S + wish (es) S + Ved/2 (If only)
(be were)
I can’t swim. I wish I could swim.
ứ quá kh ) ướ ở c VD: If only my mother were here. (My mother isn’t here. I wish my mother were here) C. Past wish: (ao
S + wish (es) S + had + V3/ed…….. (If only)
VD:
She wished she hadn’t failed her exam last year. (she failed her exam) If only I had met him yesterday. (I didn’t meet him)
ầ ậ
ậ ặ ứ ừ ủ ộ trong ngo c:
ọ ậ ấ i đúng nh t
Ph n bài t p Bài t p 1: Cho hình th c đúng c a đ ng t 1. I wish someone_________(give) me a job next month. 2. If only I_________(have) motr time to do this work. 3. He missed an exciting football match on T.V last night. He wishes he _____(watch) it. 4. I wish I _________ (can take) the trip to Dalat with you next week. 5. He wishes his father_________(be) here now to help him. 6. I wish she_________(come) to see me yesterday. ả ờ Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l 1. We wish we_________a large house but we can’t afford it now. C. can have D. will have A. have B. had
2. My friend won’t lend me his car. I wish_________. A. he lent me his car C. he would lend me his car B. he didn’t lend me his car D. he will lend me his car
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 56
An My secondary school
3. My mother is not free today. I wish_________. A. my mother is free today C. my mother would be free today B. my mother won’t be busy today D. my mother were free today
4. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money on me. I wish_________. A. I have got no money on me B. I have some money on me
C. I had some money on me D. I had got no money on me
5. I’m fraid our team will lose the game today. I wish_________. A. our team won the game today. B. our team would win the game today. C. our team didn’t lose the game today. D. out team had won the game today. 6. My friends didn’t take part in the game. I wish_________. A. my friends took part in the game. B. my friends had taken part in the game. C. my friends would take part in the game. D. my friends did take part in the game. 7. It wasn’t fine yesterday. I wish______A. it was fine yesterdayB. it would fine yesterday
C. it will fine yesterday D. it had been fine yesterday
8. I wish I _________more time now to help you with your lesson.
A. have B. had C. would have D. had had
9. I wish I _________psychology when I was a college student.
A. had studied B. would study C. studied D. study
10. I wish someone_________to help me with that work tomorrow.
A. offer B. offered C. would offer D. had offered
EXERCISES
C. is D. were B. will be
B. isn’t rainingC. hasn’t rained D. doesn’t rain
B. do C. will do D. did
D. will be
I. Write the correct form of the verb in parenthese: 1. I wish I (have)…….…………………………more time now to help you with your lesson. 2. I wish our teacher (explain) …….……………………………that lesson to us again tomorrow. 3. He wishes it (stop) …….…………………………………raining now. 4. She wishes someone (offer) …….………………………to help her with that work tomorrow. 5. We wish it (be) …….…………………………a little warmer in this room. We feel very cold. 6. I wish I (be) …….…………………………………as handsome as he is. II. Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences: 1. She wishes she…a movie star.A. has been 2. He wishes his mother…him much money tomorrow. A. gave/B. would give/C. will give/D. can give 3. We wish it…today.A. didn’t rain 4. I wish you…well at school, but you don’t.A. had done 5. we wish that he….the girl next door.A. will marry B. can marry C. would marryD. has married 6. I wish she…to my party but she won’t.A. can come B. could comeC. may comeD. will come. 7. We wish the weather… fine today.A. were B. is C. has been III. Each sentence has a mistake. Idetify it by choosing A, B, C or D: 1. She wishes she is the most beautiful girl in the world. A B C D 2. My dear friends, I wish you will visit us someday this summer. A B C D 3. I wish you can help me solve this mathematical problem. A B C D 4. I wish I can go with you to the countryside next weekend. A B C D 5. Lan wishes that she can go to the Singapore to visit her penpal. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 57
An My secondary school
A B C D
6. I wish there is a park near my house so that I could play soccer with my son there.
A B C D 7. I wish Miss Nga will come here and stay with us for a whole week. A B C D 8. Nga wishes she can go camping with her classmates this weekend. A B C D
9. I wish I am in London with my relatives now. A B C D 10. You are making too much noise. I wish you stop it.
A B C D
IV. Rewrite the sentence that has the same meaning as the root one: 1. I don’t understand what the man says I wish……………………………………………………………………….. 2. My relatives live too far from me. I wish…………………………………………………………………… 3. We can’t live together forever ! I wish……………………………………………………………………………….. 4. He doesn’t have a computer at home. He wishes…………………………………………………………………………… 5. She doesn’t get good marks. She wishes………………………………………………………… 6. The children can’t play with those new toys. The children wish…………………………………………………………………… 7. I do not know many English words I wish………………………………………………………………………………… 8. My friends cannot stay with me longer. I wish………………………………………………………………………………… 9. He can’t take his friends to the party tonight. He wishes………………………………………………………………………… 10. Lan isn’t here and I want to see her. I wish………………………………………………………………… 11. I don’t have a pen pal and I’d like to. I wish………………………………………………………………………………… 12. I can’t go to the football match this afternoon and I’d like to. I wish……………………………………………………………………………… 13. Mr. Minh doesn’t have a red tie and he wants to have one very much. Mr. Minh wishes………………………………………………………… 14. It’s a pity Hoa can’t play the piano well. Hoa wishes………………………………………………………………………… 15. I’m sorry that he won’t accept the job he’s been offered. I wish………………………………………………………………………………… 16. I don’t have much time to read all of the books I like. I wish…………………………………………………………………………… 17. It’s a pity that she can’t speak English. She wishes…………………………………………………………………… Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 58
An My secondary school 18. Mrs. Taylor doesn’t like living in her small house. Mrs. Taylor wishes…………………………………………………………
Ủ Ộ Ứ Ề Ừ CHUYÊN Đ 8: HÌNH TH C C A Đ NG T
ầ ế : Ph n lý thuy t
I. THE INFINITIVE (TO V)
Agree
attempt
decide
demand
ask expect
intend
help offer refuse
hope plan seem
tend
arrange fail determine desire learn manage mean need prepare pretend promise propose want wish
Would like
1. *Verb +To V:
ộ ố ừ ể ỏ Ex: He doesn’t want to know. đ h i: 2. Sau m t s t
I don’t know how to use this computer. I don’t know what to do
invite
3. *Verb +O +To V:
Advise order
ask request
enable tell
encourage expect want warn wish
allow permit
Ex: He advised me to leave here early.
II. GERUND: ( Ving / not Ving)
avoid
consider
delay deny
can’t help keep imagine mind hate practise prevent escape
Admit detest miss mention resent resist
appreciate enjoy finish postpone risk suggest
understand
dislike
quit Prefer
1. *Verb + Ving / not Ving
ắ go swimming
Ex: We enjoy playing football. ữ ớ ữ 2. Nh ng thành ng v i”go+Ving”: go shopping(đi mua s m)ắ ạ Go camping (đi c m tr i) go fishing (đi câu cá) Go dancing (đi khiêu vũ) ớ ừ Ving): i t + think about (nghĩ v )ề apolosize for(xin l
talk about (nói v )ề ỗ ề i v ) instea of (thay vì)
ề ơ
ữ ớ
ể ị ượ c)
ề ề ộ 3. Preposition+gerund(gi Interested in (thích thú) Insist on (khăng khăng v )ề Fond of (thich) , look forward to (trông mong ..) thank sb for (cám n ai v ..), prevent from ữ 4. Nh ng thành ng v i gerund (expressions+gerund): can’t help can’t bear, can’t stand (không th ch u đ it is no good, it is no use (vô ích) there is no (không còn cách) would you mind? (xin ông làm n)ơ do you mind(ông có phi n không) ắ have trouble(lo l ng, phi n mu n)
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 59
An My secondary school
5. *Adjectives +gerund:
ậ ộ ứ Worth (đáng ,x ng đáng)
ừ ở ữ Busy (b n r n) 6. * Sau articles (the), tính t
s h u (my, her, his, their…) Would you mind my opening the windows? = would you mind if I opened the
ữ windows? ấ 7. Nh ng c u trúc khác
Prefer + Ving + to + Ving :
……………………………………………………………………….
Spend + time + Ving…. ………………………………………………………………… Waste + time+ Ving
……………………………………………………………………..
Need + Ving : …………...
……………………………………………………………………
III. NOTES:
A. GERUND or INFINITIVE: (the meaning changes)
EXAMPLES
ư ả MEANINGS ộ + to V (hành đ ng ch a x y ra)
Please remember to return the book tomorrow.
ả ộ + Ving (hành đ ng đã x y ra) I’ll never forget seeing her at the first time. VERBS Remembe r Forget Regret
ừ ạ ể ệ i đ làm vi c ệ ể ừ He stopped to eat. (d ng công vi c đ ăn)
Stop ừ ỏ ừ ệ b , d ng vi c đang
+ to V (d ng l khác) + Ving (t làm) ỏ ố
ố ắ ệ + to V (c g ng làm vi c gì)
Try
ệ ử + Ving (th làm vi c gì) My father stopped smoking two months ago. (b hút thu c) I will try to study hard so that my parents stop worrying about me. He tried making a cake but he didn’t succeed.
ộ
ự ự ế
B. VERBS OF PERCEPTION: ấ ủ t c a hành đ ng SEE / HEAR / WATCH / SMELL / FEEL / NOTICE + O + V0 : s hoàn t ộ ễ ủ SEE / HEAR / WATCH / SMELL / FEEL / NOTICE + O + Ving: s ti p di n c a hành đ ng Ex: We saw him leave the house. She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising. C. Make / let + O + Vo Ex: He made me move my car. D. Modal Verbs (will, can, may, must, should, had better, have to ...) + Vo
Ex:
The children had better go to bed early. ặ ủ ộ ứ ừ ậ trong ngo c.
Bài t p 1: Cho hình th c đúng c a đ ng t 1. Ms. Thompson is always willing to help, but she doesn’t want ________ (call) at home unless there is an emergency. 2. When I told Tim the news, he seemed ___________ (surprise) 3. He was often made ___________ (drink) milk by his mother. 4. The injured man couldn’t walk and had to _____________ (carry). 5. Mr. Miller hates _____________(keep) waiting 6. The prisoner __________(think) to have escaped by climbing over a wall.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 60
ọ ừ ặ ụ ừ ữ
An My secondary school 7. Pupils usually have their eyes _________ (test) regularly 8. Tom is thought __________ (meet) the runaway murderer last week. 9. I expected ____________(invite) to the party, but I wasn’t. 10. When did you finish__________(paint) the kitchen ? Bài t p 2:ậ ho c c m t
Ch n t thích h p đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau:
B. for being C. to being D. being
C.sayingD. not say C. using D. use D. for D. studies
D. us to writing C. us writing
ợ ể 1. His parents never allowed him ..........A. smoking B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoke 2. The teacher told his students ….. laughing.A. to stop B. stopping C. stop D. stopped 3. His sister apologized …rude to him. A. to be 4. I advised her …. anything about it to her friends. A. not saying B. not to say 5. I asked Barbara to let me …her car for the weekend. A. to use B. used 6. I'm looking forward … receiving your email soon.A. at B. To C. in 7. The teacher advised him ….harder.A. studyB. to studyC. studying 8. The mother told her son …. so impolitely.A. not behave B. not to behave C. not behaving D. did not behave 9. She told the boys ….on the grass. A. do not play B. did not play C. not playing D. not to play 10. He advised…. too far.A. her did not go B. her do not go C. her not to go D. she did not go 11. He asked …. him some money.A. her to lend B. she to lend C. she has lent D. she lends 12. She apologized to the teacher …. being late.A. to B. forC. aboutD. on 13. I … everybody for all the help they had given me.A. thankedB. blamed C. apologized D. suggested 14. The teacher encouraged ….. good compositions. A. us write B. us to write 15. The doctor told me ….. A. I stay in bed for a few days B. I will stay in bed for a few days C. I have to stay in bed for a few days D. to stay in bed for a few days
Ộ Ừ Ế Ề Ế CHUYÊN Đ 9: Đ NG T KHI M KHUY T (MODAL VERBS)
ầ ế
ố ở ệ ạ hi n t i)
Ph n lý thuy t: A. Modal + V0: dùng trong tình hu ng ẽ ẽ s , có th s => dùng đ th hi n:
1. MAY: có l ầ ị ự
ắ ắ
ự ể ể ệ ể ẽ yêu c u l ch s . Ex: May I borrow your pen ? suy đoán không ch c ch n. Ex: Where is John ? – He may be at the library s cho phép. You may take my car as long as you return it before tomorrow.
ư ư ạ
ằ ể ể ệ ắ ắ 2. MIGHT: gi ng nh MAY nh ng không m nh b ng MAY ả 3. MUST: ph i, ch c ch n ph i => dùng đ th hi n:
ố ả ộ ậ ự ắ ự s b t bu c. Ex: You must be here before 8 o’clock. s suy lu n có căn c . Ex: Mary keeps crying. She must have some problem
ứ ễ ả ự ấ s c m đoán. Ex: You mustn’t smoke ten cigarettes a day. *MUSTN’T: di n t
ể ệ 4. SHOULD = OUGHT TO = HAD BETTER : nên => dung đ hi n:
ự ả s khuyên b o. Ex: It’s late. You’d better/should/ought to hurry up.
ả ể ễ ả 5. NEEDN’T: không c n ph i => dùng đ di n t
ế s không c n thi
ầ ự B. Modal + have + V3
ED: có l
ầ : t. Ex: I washed my car yesterday. You needn’t wash it again. ed: dùng trong tình hu ng quá kh ứ đãẽ
ắ ắ
ED: nên làm nh ng đã không làm ư ED : không c n làm nh ng đã làm
ư ầ
ố 1. MAY/ MIGHT/COULD + HAVE + V3 ED: ch c ch n đã 2. MUST + HAVE + V3 3. SHOULD + HAVE + V3 4. NEEDN’T + HAVE + V3 ầ ậ
ữ ớ ậ
Ph n bài t p: Bài t p 1: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “must not” và “need not”. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 61
An My secondary school
1. You ___________ ring the bell; I have a key. 2. We ___________ drive fast; we have a plenty of time. 3. We ___________ drive fast; there is a speed limit here. 4. Candidates ___________ bring books into the examination room. 5. You ___________ write to him for he will be here tomorrow. 6. We ___________ make any noise or we’ll wake the baby. 7. You ___________ do all the exercises. Ten sentences will be enough. 8. I want this letter typed but you ___________ do it today. Tomorrow will do. 9. You ___________ take anything out of the shop without paying for it. 10. You ___________ carry that parcel home yourself; the shop will send it.
ậ ọ ả ờ Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l
A. may D. needn’t
i đúng 1. I’m not sure. I ___________ come a few minutes late. C. mustn’t B. must 2. Bring your umbrella. It ___________ rain later today. B. may C. mustn’t A. must D. needn’t
3. “What are you doing this weekend?”
“I haven’t decided yet. I ___________ go on a picnic with my family.” A. may B. may not C. must D. needn’t
4. “I didn’t have time for breakfast this morning.” “You ____________ be very hungry now.” A. might B. may C. mustn’t D. must
5. It’s quite urgent. You ___________ type the reports today.
B. might C. needn’t D. would A. must
6. Don’t worry if you’re a minute or two late. We ____ be exactly on time for the meeting.
A. must B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may
7. Jane’s glasses are on the desk, so she ___________ be here.
A. must B. shall C. ought D. will
8. The gas tank is almost empty. We ___________ stop at the next service station. D. had better A. mustn’t C. needn’t B. might
9. A person ______________ eat in order to live.
A. have to B. must C. should D. may
10. A person ____________ eat a balanced diet.
A. should B. ought C. may D. must
11. I don’t have enough money to take the bus, so I ______________ walk home. D. needn’t B. mustn’t C. have to A. should
12. You ______________ eat these mushrooms. They are very poisonous.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
13. I can’t find my umbrella. I _____________ it in the restaurant last night.
A. must have left B. had left C. left D. might leave
14. I had a test this morning. I didn’t do it well. I ______________ last night.
A. should study B. must have studied C. should have studied D. must study
15. Tom goes to school very often, but he was absent yesterday. He ______________ ill.
A. must be B. must have been C. might be D. might have been.
Ọ Ệ Ệ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 10: M NH ĐÊ QUAN H & RÚT G N
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 62
ầ
ượ ọ ề ệ ượ M nh đ quan h còn đ ể
ệ ừ ứ ướ ệ ở c nó. M nh đ này đ đ ng tr c dùng đ ạ ừ
ề ặ ệ ệ ệ ư
An My secondary school ế Ph n lý thuy t: ề ệ ổ b nghĩa cho danh t quan h Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That ho c các phó t
ữ c g i là m nh đ tính ng (adjective clause) vì nó đ ề ượ ố ớ c n i v i m nh đ chính b i các đ i t ừ quan h nh When, Where, Why.
1. Cách dùng:
ạ ừ ệ ứ ủ ữ ộ ừ quan h đ ng sau danh t ừ ỉ ườ ch ng i, làm ch ng cho đ ng t sau nó. * Who: Đ i t
VD: The women who lives next door is very friendly.
ạ ừ ệ ứ ộ ừ quan h đ ng sau danh t ừ ỉ ườ ch ng ữ i, làm tân ng cho đ ng t sau nó. Có khi
ườ * Whom: Đ i t ng i ta dùng Who thay cho Whom.
VD: The man whom you saw yesterday is my uncle.
ừ ỉ ủ ữ ặ ồ ậ ữ ệ ứ ạ ừ ậ ch con v t, đ v t làm ch ng ho c tân ng cho quan h đ ng sau danh t
ệ * Which: Đ i t ừ ộ sau nó. đ ng t VD: The book which has some wonderful pictures is about Africa. ậ ệ ỉ ả ườ i, v t, đ v t dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which, trong m nh
quan h ch c ng ộ ạ ừ ệ ồ ậ ệ ề ạ ạ ị * That: Đ i t ề đ quan h thu c lo i Restrictive clauses (m nh đ h n đ nh).
VD: The book that you lent me is interesting.
This is the man that I met in Paris last month.
L u ýư :
ượ ỉ ả ườ c dùng khi danh t c nó ch c ng ừ ướ tr ậ i, v t.
VD:
Ẩ Ấ c dùng SAU D U PH Y, SAU GI I T ,. ờ ượ đ Ớ Ừ N u ế
That đ I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park. “THAT” KHÔNG bao gi ữ Who, Whom, Which, That làm tân ng thì ta có th b đi.
ể ỏ VD: She’s the person who(m) I met at the party. She ’s the person I met at the party. Have you ever seen the dress that I’ve just bought? Have you ever seen the dress I’ve just bought? ướ ừ ở ữ ừ s h u tr c danh t Ừ (HER / HIS / THEIR / ITS + DANH T ) * Whose: thay cho tính t
VD:
ừ ỉ ờ ế ể ch th i gian dùng đ thay th cho ệ ứ quan h đ ng sau t * When: Phó t (at/on/in) which, then.
VD:
I’ve got a friend whose brother is an actor. John found a cat whose leg was broken. ừ I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I met her. That was the time when (at which) he managed the company.
ố ể ừ ch n i ch n dùng đ thay cho ệ ứ quan h đ ng sau t (at/on/in) which, there.
* Where: Phó t VD:
ể ch lí do dùng đ thay cho “ ệ ứ quan h đ ng sau t * Why: Phó t the reason”.
VD:
ừ ỉ ơ I went to the office where (in which) my father works. Dalat is the place where (to which) I like to come. ừ ừ ỉ I don’t understand the reason why he was late. ọ ủ ệ ệ ề ạ * D ng rút g n c a m nh đ quan h (Reduced form of relative clauses)
ing .. => ….N + Ving…. (b ỏ who /which / that +
ạ 1. D ng 1: …N + who /which / that + be + V
be )
VD: The man who is talking to you is my uncle. => The man talking to you is my uncle (b ỏ
who is)
ạ 2. D ng 2:
… N + who /which/which + V => …N + Ving …. (b ỏ who/which/that)
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 63
An My secondary school
ed .. => N + V3
ed.. (b ỏ who/which/that + be)
VD: The path which leads to my village is very muddy. => The path leading to my
village….. (b ỏ which ) ạ 3. D ng 3: … N + who/which/that + be + V3 VD: The book which was written by Jack London was very interesting => The book written
by Jack London … ạ 4. D ng 4:
.. the first /second / last + N+ who/which/that + V => the first/second.. N + to Vo…
..the only /best…. VD: She was the last candidate who was interviewed last Sunday
=> She was the last candidate to be interviewed
ầ ạ ạ ừ ạ ậ ề ừ , tr ng t
ơ
i)ườ hay N(v t)ậ , N(n i ch n)
ố hay N(tg)
Ph n bài t p: D ng 1: Đi n đ i t ế Trong d ng này, ti n hành theo các b
(ng ứ
ệ quan h . ướ c sau: ố ả c kho ng tr ng là N ợ ủ ừ ướ tr ớ ừ quan h phù h p v i ch c năng c a nó:
ạ ạ ậ + Nh n d ng danh t ệ ạ ừ ạ , tr ng t + Tìm đ i t i)ườ _who /that_ V ; N(ng i) ườ _whom / that_ S + V ; N(ng
(in / on / about / with / to...) __ whom__
i)ườ + N(v t)ậ _that_ ớ ừ i t i)ườ + gi ớ ừ i t
(in / on / about / with / to...) __ which__
N _whose_ N + be ; N _whose_ N + S + V
ừ
; này không có “a/an/the/her/his/their” ố _where_ S + V
ậ ề ạ ừ ặ ừ ố ệ ạ ợ quan h thích h p vào ô tr ng: ho c tr ng t
i) ườ , _who__ V 1, N(ng i)ườ , _whom_ S + V 2, N(ng 3, N(v t)ậ _which /that_ S + V / V ; N(v t)ậ , _which_ S + V / V 4, N(ng 5, N(ng 6, N(v t)ậ + gi 7, N _whose_ N + V Danh t 8, N(n i ch n) ơ 9. N(tg) _when_ S + V 10. reason _why_ S + V Bài t p 1: Đi n đ i t 1. The street_________leads to my school is very wide. 2. That man, _________name I didn’t remember, is an architect. 3. That was the reason_________I couldn’t come early. 4. Do you know the girl_________Tom is talking to? 5. The novel_________you need can’t be found in the library. 6. Can you suggest the time_________we can have another discussion about this problem. 7. Tell me the countries_________people drive on the left. 8. Is there anyone_________can help me do this? 9. Marie Curie, _________discovered radium, is one of the greatest in our time. 10. The hotel_________we are looking at is the biggest in Ho Chi Minh city. Bài t p 2: Ch n t 1. The place __________ we spent our holiday was really beautiful. C. where
ọ ừ ụ ừ ợ ể ữ ậ thích h p đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau. , c m t
D. which A. what
B. who 2. The children, __________ parents work late, are taken home by bus.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. their
3. He wanted to know the reason __________ I was late.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 64
An My secondary school
A. as B. for C. because D. why
4. My uncle, __________ you met yesterday, is a lawyer.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
5. Dien Bien Phu is the place __________ our army won a resounding victory in 1954.
A. where B. that C. what D. which
6. The man __________ we met yesterday was the manager of a bicycle factory.
A. when B. whose C. who D. which
7. In our school library, there are several large tables we can sit to read books
A. where B. that C. when D. which
8. Yesterday was the day __________ they celebrated their 21st wedding anniversary.
A. when B. then C. what D. which
9. That’s the house __________ he used to stay.
A. in which B. of which C. on which D. which
10. This house, __________ he bought in 1990, is being repaired at the moment.
A. that B. which C. who
D. what 11. The woman _______ son is studying at Hanoi University of Technology is a teacher. D. which C. whom A. whose B. what
12. The boy __________ eyes are brown is my friend.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
13. He never talks about the people __________ he has helped. A. by whom B. whom C. which D. whose
14. This school is only for children __________ first language is not English. B. whose A. of whom C. who is D. who
15. Mrs. John, _________ son won the championship last year lives next door to us.
D. who A. whose B. what
ạ ừ ử ụ ạ ừ C. which ệ quan h : quan h , tr ng t
ệ ạ ạ ừ ữ ng pháp lo i tr nh ng đáp án không đúng d a vào:
ế ừ ả ỏ ữ ự mà nó đã thay th phía sau
quan h thì ph i b nh ng t quan h sai.
ạ ở ữ ạ ệ ầ nh ng ti ế ướ t tr c và
ề i cách rút g n m nh đ quan h mà th y đã d y trong câu ữ ệ ợ ể ẩ ấ và d u ph y. ừ ộ và đ ng t ệ ọ ừ quan h khi nó là túc t thích h p đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau:
B. who designs buildings D. which designs buildings
B. was injured in the accident D. that she was injured in the accident
D ng 2: Ghép câu s d ng đ i t ươ ạ Trong d ng này, nên dùng ph ệ ạ ừ + Dùng đ i t ệ ạ ừ + Dùng đ i t ợ ớ ừ ườ i t + Tr ng h p có gi ủ ừ ữ ợ ự + S hòa h p gi a ch t ầ ư L u ý: C n xem l ứ ỏ ạ ừ hình th c b đ i t ọ ừ ụ ừ Ch n t , c m t 1. He is the person _________ A. from who I bought this old car B. which I bought this old car from C. from that I bought this old car D. from whom I bought this old car 2. An architect is someone ____________. A. that design buildings C. whose designs buildings 3. The girl ____________ is now in hospital A. whom injured in the accident C. who was injured in the accident 4. The man __________ was on holiday. A. I wanted to see
C. I wanted to see him B. whom I wanted to see him D. who wanted to see
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 65
B. whom Tom is talking D. to whom Tom is talking
An My secondary school 5. Do you know the girl ______________ A. to who Tom is talking C. Tom is talking 6. I haven’t got a passport, ____________. A. that means I can’t leave the country B. it means I can’t leave the country C. which means I can’t leave the country D. who means I can’t leave the country
7. The girl ___________ is Australian.
A. is talking to Tom C. who talk to Tom B. talking to Tom D. to talk to Tom
8. None of the people ____________ could come.
A. was invited to the party C. who invited to the party B. were invited to the party D. invited to the party
9. An orphan is a child ___________.
A. who parents died C. that parents are dead B. whose parents are dead D. his parents are dead
10. The hotel _____________ was very clean.
A. we stayed C. in that we stayed B. which we stayed D. where we stayed
Ừ Ụ Ệ Ề Ỉ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 11: M NH Đ VÀ C M T CH LÍ DO
ầ ế : Ph n lý thuy t
1. Clauses of reason: (M nh đ ch lí do)
Ở
ệ ệ ở ừ ề ỉ M nh đ ch lí do là m nh đ ph mang nghĩa B I VÌ. ề ỉ M nh đ ch lí do th ệ ệ ườ ng đ (conjunction)
ề ỉ ề ụ ượ ố ớ ườ ệ ặ ở ầ ề c n i v i các m nh đ chính b i các liên t đ u câu). ng đ t nh : ư Because, Since, As (Since và As th
Because/Since/As + S + V…
ấ : C u trúc
VD:
She didn’t go to class yesterday because she was seriously ill. Since/As she was seriously ill, she didn’t go to class yesterday.
ụ ừ ỉ 2. Phrases of reason: (C m t
ch lí do) Ở ụ ừ ỉ ằ
ặ
ừ ộ ắ ầ ừ because of là c m ụ ườ ng b t đ u b ng t ch lí do cũng có nghĩa là B I VÌ, và th C m t ừ ụ ừ ậ (noun phrase) ho c (noun), c m danh t (prepositional phrase), vì v y sau nó là danh t (gerund phrase).
: ớ ừ i t gi ụ c m danh đ ng t ấ C u trúc
.....because of / due to /owning to / on account of + Noun / Noun phrase / Ving
VD:
The class was not in order because of the teacher’s absence. She didn’t go to class yesterday because of her serious illness. She didn’t go to class yesterday because of being seriously ill.
ầ ậ
ữ ặ Ph n bài t p: ử ụ Bài t p 1: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau, s d ng “BECAUSE” ho c “BECAUSE OF”
ậ 1. The car crashed ___________ the driver was careless. 2. He walked slowly ________ his hurt leg
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 66
An My secondary school
ả ờ ọ Bài t p 3: Ch n câu tr l
3. We didn’t go out __________ it rained heavily. 4. She went to bed early ____________ she felt tired. 5. I can’t sleep __________ the hot weather. 6. He retired last month _____________ his illness. 7. They stayed at home ____________ it rained. 8. The boy was punished ___________ his bad behavior. ậ ấ i đúng nh t 1. We couldn’t sleep last night_________the noise next door. C. because B. since A. although D. because of
2. I did it_________they asked me to. B. because A. so C. because of D. the reason
3. Daisy was late_________her car was broken down. C. if B. because of A. because D. whether
D. all are correct
4. _________he can’t afford a car, he goes to work by bicycle. A. becauseB. as C. since 5. They were sacked_________their carelessness.
A. because B. because of D. despite
C. although 6. The boys were punished_________they went to school late. C. although B. because of A. because D. despite
7. The mother got angry because…A. her son’s bad behavior B. her son will behave badly C. her son behaved badly 8. He lost his job….his laziness.A. because D. her son bad behaing B. because of C. if D. although
Ụ Ừ Ề Ệ Ề Ỉ Ự ƯƠ Ả NG PH N
ầ CHUYÊN Đ 12: M NH Đ VÀ C M T CH S T ế : Ph n lý thuy t
ệ ả
ề ạ 1. Clauses of concession: (M nh đ ch s t ữ ề ỉ ự ươ Ặ ề ườ ắ ầ ữ ằ + M nh đ tr ng ng mang nghĩa: M C DÙ. M nh đ này th ng b t đ u b ng nh ng
ừ ố t ệ n i nh
:
ng ph n) ệ ư Although, Even though, No matter, Whatever ấ C u trúc A.
Although Though + S + V… Even though
VD:
(Al)though I don’t agree with him, I think he’s honest. She went on walking (al)though she was terribly tired. Even though I didn’t understand the words, I knew what he wanted.
ễ ạ ấ ự ươ ả ng ph n)
(Even though dùng đ nh n m nh s t B.
No matter + who/what/when/where/why/how (adj/adv) + S + V Whatever + (N) + S + V
ằ ặ ườ ng đ ượ ặ ướ c đ t tr c
ệ ề ắ ầ ạ ấ m nh đ chính đ nh n m nh.
ư L u ý: M nh đ b t đ u b ng “No matter” ho c “Whatever” th ề VD:
ệ ể Whatever exercises she had taken, she was still fat. No matter what she says, I don’t believe her. ộ ng b ): ằ ụ ừ ỉ ự ượ ượ ắ ầ ụ 2. Phrases of concession: (C m t ộ ườ ng b th ừ ỉ ự ượ ch s nh ng đ c b t đ u b ng “ ch s nh C m t In spite of” ho c “ặ Despite”
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 67
An My secondary school
ấ : C u trúc
In spite of + N/N. phrase/Gerund phrase Despite
VD:
ư Despite his sickness, he still had to go to school. We went out in spite of the rain. L u ý: DESPITE không có OF theo sau.
ầ ậ
ớ
ả ờ ọ ậ ấ i đúng nh t:
Ph n bài t p: Hoàn thành câu sau v i “because (of)” ; “(al)though/even though /despite/ in spite of”. 1. _____________ he worked hard, he didn’t receive any praise. 2. He ate the chocolate cake _____________ he is on diet. 3. ________ the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movies every Saturday. 4. _____________ it was cold, I went aout. 5. _____________ John didn’t study hard, he succeeded. 6. We took many picture _____________ the cloudy sky. 7. ___________ her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories to the children. 8. She went home early _____________ she didn’t feel well. 9. I couldn’t get to sleep _____________ the noise. 10. The students arrived late_____________the traffic jam. Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l 1………….. he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite C. Despite D. Although
D. Despite tired
D. despite
B. In spite of 2. ……, he walked to the station.A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired 3. She left him …. she still loved him.A. even if B. even though C. in spite of 4. ….. her lack of hard work, she was promoted. B. Even though C. In spite of A. Because D. Despite of
5. ….._ they are twin brothers, they do not look like.
A. Although B. Because of C. Because D. In spite of
D. which B. though C. because
C. even though D. as though
ụ ừ
ệ ụ ừ ư ề ớ m nh đ sang c m t ề nh sau:
ừ ế ổ ừ ệ ề ố 2 m nh đ gi ng nhau: thêm ING . ệ ,đ ng t
ủ ừ ừ + be + tính t
ừ ỏ ừ ặ ướ danh t ,b to be
6. Julie failed the exam…. of working very hard.A. despite B. in spite C. even if D. though
7. She walked home by herself….. she knew that it was dangerous.
A. if
8…. they are brothers, they do not look like.A. AlthoughB. EvenC. Despite D. In spite of
9. She left him ….. she still loved him.A. in spiteB. even though C. in spite ofD. despite
10. He refused to give up work,…. he’s won a million pounds.
A. despite B. however
ầ
ắ
Nguyên t c chung c n nh là :Although/ though + m nh đ >
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 68
ủ ừ là đ i t
ỡ ử ừ ỏ ,b be ừ : + be + tính t ừ ổ thành danh t thành s h u ,đ i tính t
ủ ừ ừ là đ i t ộ + đ ng t
ừ ộ ừ ừ ạ c danh t ,tr ng t ừ ặ ướ đ t tr thành tính t thành danh t ừ ở ữ thành s h u, đ ng t
ặ ế ừ Ho c : S + have + N
ề ứ ụ ệ ế ổ ừ BECAUSE + m nh đ >< BECAUSE OF +
ổ Vi ế ạ t l i câu không thay đ i nghĩa:
ổ ế ạ t l Vi
An My secondary school => Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, …… ạ ừ ế 3) N u ch t ổ ạ ừ – Đ i đ i t Although He was sick,…….. => Despite / in spite of his sickness,……. ạ ạ ừ ế 4) N u ch t + tr ng t ừ ổ ạ ừ – Đ i đ i t Although He behaved impolitely,….. => Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,……… ạ 5) N u câu có d ng : there be + danh t ỏ – Thì b there be Although there was an accident ,….. => Despite / in spite of an accident,…… Công th c này cũng áp d ng cho bi n đ i t c m tụ ừ Ậ BÀI T P 1 : 1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well. => In spite of …………………………………………………….. 2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick. Because of ………………………………………… 3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time. => Despite ………………………………………. 4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick. => In spite of ………………………………………………………. 5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home. => Because of ……………………………….. 6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad. Despite ……………………………………………………………………….. 7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman. => Despite ………………………………………… 8) In spite of his god salary, Tom gave up his job. => Although……………………………………………………. 9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep. => In spite of ………………………………… 10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies. => Even though ……………………………………………………… Ậ i câu không thay đ i nghĩa: BÀI T P 2 : 1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap. => Because of……..……………………………………………………………………… 2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game. => Because of……..……………………………………………………………………… 3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her. Despite……..……………………………………………………………………… 4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year. => Because ……..……………………………………………………………………… 5) Mary was worried because Tom was late. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 69
An My secondary school => Because of……..……………………………………………………………………… 6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad. => Because of……..……………………………………………………………………… 7) I came here because I want the English course. => Because of……..……………………………………………………………………… 8) I went to school although it was hot. Despite……..……………………………………………………………………… 9) Because the dust in the room, I can’t go in. => Because of……..………………………………………………………………………
10) Because of too much smoke, We have to wear masks . => Because ………………………………………………………………………………
Ỉ Ụ Ừ Ụ Ề Ệ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 13: M NH Đ & C M T CH M C ĐÍCH
ầ ế : Ph n lý thuy t
ch m c đích) mang nghĩa Đ ể ừ ỉ ụ ủ ữ ụ ộ ế ỉ ộ ụ ừ ắ ầ ằ Ể 1. Phrases of purpose: (C m t + N u trong câu ch có m t ch ng , ta có th dùng m t c m t b t đ u b ng:
+ V0….
to in order to so as to
VD:
She studies English
ụ ừ ủ ị ụ Ể ế She studies English. She wants to talk to foreigners. to talk to foreigners. in order to talk to foreigners. so as to talk to foreigners. + N u ph đ nh m c đích thì dùng c m t : mang nghĩa Đ KHÔNG
in order not to so as not to + V0
VD:
He got up early. He didn’t want to miss the train. He gop up early
in order not to miss the train. so as not to miss the train. ề ỉ ụ
ệ ủ ữ ề ỉ ụ ắ ầ ệ ế ả ằ 2. Clause of purpose: (m nh đ ch m c đích) + N u trong câu có 2 ch ng khác nhau, ta ph i dùng m nh đ ch m c đích b t đ u b ng:
Ể so that, in order that Đ (KHÔNG)
+ S + V (can/could) + (not) + V0
…..so that …...in order that
(will/would)
VD:
I try my best to study English, I want to find a better joB. I try my best to study English so that I can find a better joB. She hurrieD. She didn’t want to miss the bus. She hurried so that she wouldn’t miss the bus. He spoke loudly. He wanted everybody to hear him. He spoke loudly so that everybody could hear him.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 70
ậ ầ
ậ ệ ử ụ ụ ừ ề ỉ ụ hay m nh đ ch m c đích.
ọ ừ ặ ụ ừ ợ ể ữ ậ thích h p đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau.
An My secondary school Ph n bài t p: ữ Bài t p 1: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau s d ng c m t 1. He climbed the tree _____________ get a better view. 2. You should get up early _____________ you will have time to review your lesson. 3. Some young people like to earn their own living ______ they will be independent of their parents. 4. We should do morning exercises regularly _____________ improve our health. 5. We should take advantage of the scientific achievements of the world _____________ we can develop our national economy. 6. Every people in the world must unite their efforts ______ maintain and protect peace. 7. She put on warm clothes _____________ she wouldn’t catch cold. 8. He hurried to the station _____________ miss the train. 9. She locked the door _____________ be disturbed. 10. He hurried ___________ he could catch the train. Bài t p 2: Ch n t ho c c m t 1. We have to start early ___________ we won’t be late.
A. so that B. that C. because
D. because of 2. He worked hard ___________ they could pass the final examination.
A. since B. because C. in case D. so that
3. He took his seat quietly ___________ A. so as not to disturb their conversation B. so as to disturb their conversation C. in order not disturb their conversation D. in order for him not to disturb their conversation 4. He was looking for an eraser ______ he could erase a mistake in his composition.
A. because C. so that D. however
B. therefore 5. We have studied hard _______ we will be well prepared for the examination.
A. because B. since C. so that D. in case
Ề Ụ Ỉ Ế Ừ Ệ Ả CHUYÊN ĐÊ 13: M NH Đ , C M T CH K T QU
ế : Ph n lý thuy t
too + ADJ /ADV+ (for O) to V…
ầ 1. Quá …… nên không th ..ể
ADJ / ADV+ enough + (for O) to V….
Ex: He is too short to play basketball. ể 2. Đ … đủ
Ex: She isn’t old enough to drive a car.
S + be + so + ADJ/ADV + that + S + V… S + be + such + (a/ an) + adj + N + that + S + V….
3. Quá ….. nên
ố
ề + that + S +
Ex: The question is so difficult that nobody can answer it. It is such a difficult question that nobody can answer it.
S + V + so + many / few + N s nhi u V….. Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 71
An My secondary school
ế
c
ượ + that + S +
S + V + so + much / little + N không đ m đ V….. S + V + so + adj + a + N s ítố + that + S + V…..
Ex: The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team. He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now.
It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors. (= It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.)
ầ ậ
ữ ớ ặ Ph n bài t p: Bài t p 1: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “TOO” ho c “ENOUGH”
ớ ữ Bài t p 2: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “SO” ho c “SUCH”
ữ ớ ặ Bài t p 3: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “SO MUCH” ho c “SO MANY”
ậ 1. I don’t have …….. money to go to the concert. 2. Have you got …… sugar in your coffee ? 3. I didn’t like the film; it was ……. slow. 4. I didn’t like the film ; it wasn’t quick …….. . 5. There isn’t ……. flour to make the cake. 6. Do you think I’ve got …… qualifications to apply for the job ? 7. I can’t drink my tea; it is …… hot. 8. Can you lift that suitcase ? Is it not ……. heavy ? 9. l couldn’t eat the fruit. It wasn’t ripe …….. . 10. I can’t explain the situation; it ‘s ……. complex. ậ ặ 1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly. 2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book. 3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it? 4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once. 5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep. 6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……….nice. 7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…….. a long time ago. 8) After living there for ………long, he must know the town very well. 9) Why are you in ……..a hyrry? 10) We have………much to do. ậ 1) We have …………problems that we can’t go to bed early. 2) Why have you got………….furniture? 3) There was………….food that everyone ate too much. 4) There were…………guests that there weren’t enough food. 5) Why did you buy ……….beer? 6) Doctor Smith has ………….patients that he ‘s always busy. 7) I ate ……sandwiches that I felt ill. 8) My father has ………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight. 9) Thay drank………..wine that they couldn’t walk. 10) The bank of this river has got ………..weeds that we can’t swim. ậ ả ờ ọ i đúng Bài t p 4: Ch n câu tr l
C. To D. in order that B. so that
1. Peter studies hard _____pass the exam. A. less 2. A small fish needs camouflage to hide itself _______its enemies cannot find it.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 72
An My secondary school
A. so that B. because C. therefore D. due to
3. He felt ill, _______he went to bed early.
A. and B. But C.Or D. so
4. We couldn’t sleep last night_________the noise next door. C. because A. although D. because of
B. since 5. I did it_________they asked me to.
A. so B. because C. because of D. the reason
6. We decided to join the English speaking club ______ improve our English. D. to C. in order A. so that
B. so to 7. These boys were punished_________they went to school late.
A. because B. because of C. even though D. in spite of
8. _________ I tried, I could not finish my essay on time.
A. No matter hardB. No matter how hardC. No matter harder
D. No matter what hard
9. She worked hard ______ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock. C. in order that A. that B. for D. so as to
10. He gave me his address __________me to visit.
A. so that B. in order for C. in order to D. in case
11. She got up early _________ miss the bus.
A. in order that B. so that C. not to D. for
D. too hard that C. so that
12. It was raining ____I couldn’t go outside,. A. because B. So hard that 13. My mouth is burning! This is __________ spicy food that I don’t think I can finish it.
A. such B. so C. Very D. too
14. Skiing is a popular American sport, ____ quite expensive.
A. however it is B. even though it is C. despite its D. it is
15. Some fish can survive in salt water, __________ other species can live only in fresh water. A. where C. whereas B. as long as D. since
6. _______ people to work together effectively, they need to be sensitive to each other’s needs.
D. So that A. In order to C. In order for
B. such beautiful a day D. so beautiful day
B. In order that 17. Last Sunday was ___________________ that we decided to go on a picnic A. so beautiful a day C. such beautiful day 18. The Vietnamese students have to take an entrance exam ______. A. in order that they should go to a college or university B. for going to a college and university C. so as go to a college or university D. so that they can go to a college or university
19. ______, many animals can still survive and thrive there.
A. Being severe weather conditions in the desert B. Although the weather conditions in the desert are severe C. The weather conditions in the desert to be severe D. Even though the weather conditions in the desert severe
20. Mr. Thompson is learning Vietnamese __________ to read Kim Van Kieu.
A. so that not B. so as to C. in order not to D. so as not to
21. They hurried _______ catch the train.
A. to not B. as not to C. in order that not D. To
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 73
An My secondary school
22. We learn English _________we will have better communication with other people.
A. so that B. in order for C. in order to D. in case
23. There is _______noise that I can hear nothing
C. so much D. so A. so many B. such
24. My mouth is burning! This is ________spicy food that I don’t think I can finish it.
C. very D. too A. such B. so
25. There are ________ planets in the universe that we can’t count them.
C. so many D. so A. so much B. such
26. He was _______ tired that he slept all days.
C. so D. very A. such B. too
27. They were ______busy studying _____ they couldn’t go to the restaurant with us. C. very – that D. too that A. so – that
B. such – that 28. The runners are ______exhausted that none of them finished the race.
A. too B. such D. so
C. enough 29. It was _____ a difficult question that I couldn’t answer it.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
30. It was ________ a boring speech that I fell asleep.
A. such B. so C. much D. too
31. Daisy was late_________her car was broken down. C. if B. because of A. because D. whether
32. _________he can’t afford a car, he goes to work by bicycle. C. since A. becauseB. as D. all are correct
33. They were sacked_________their carelessness.
A. because B. because of D. despite
C. although 34. The boys were punished_________they went to school late. C. although B. because of A. because D. despite
35. The mother got angry because_________.
A. her son’s bad behaviour C. her son behaved badly B. her son will behave badly D. her son bad behaing
36. He lost his job_________his laziness. B. because of A. because D. although
C.
C. if 37. We couldn’t go out because the weather was so baD. A. The weather was so bad but we went out.B. If the weather were fine, we could go out.
Whatever weather we had, we couldn’t go out.D. We couldn’t go out because of the bad weather.
38. We’ll never give in_________they may do or say.
A. although that B. no matter how C. despite D. whatever
39. _________my father is old, he still goes jogging.
A. Although B. Since C. Despite D. In spite of
40. _________the rain, we postpone our picnic.
C. Though A. Because D. In spite of
A. despite C. even though D. however
B. Because of 41.He refused to give up work_________he’d won a million pounds. B. as though 42. _________is was raining heavily, he went out without a raincoat. B. In spite of A. In spite D. Although
C. However 43. _________the wet weather, the football match went ahead. C. Though A. In spite of B. Although D. However
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 74
An My secondary school
44. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.
A. Rich like she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.B. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.
C. As rich she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.D. As she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car. 45. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, we kept walking B. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking
C. Cold as we felt, we kept alking D. both a and c are correct
46. Although he took a taxi, Tom still arrived late for the concert.
A. Tom arrived late for the concert because he took a taxi. B. Tom arrived late for the concert because of the taxi. C. In spite of taking a taxi, Tom arrived late for the concert. D. Although Tom took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time.
47. I’ll find that man no matter how long it takes.
A. It takes me a long time to find that man. B. However long it may take, I’ll find that man. C. I can’t find that man because it will take a long time. D. Although it took a long time, I could find that man. 48. _________I meet her, she always wears a blue dress.
A. Whatever B. However D. Whenever
49. _________comes, don’t open the door. C. Whoever A. No matter what B. No matter who C.
No matter how D. No matter whom
50. We can not see the road_________the fog.
A. because B. although C. because of D. in spite of
Ề CHUYÊN Đ 14: SO SÁNH
ầ Ph n lý thuy t:
ế 1. So sánh căn b n:ả Adjs or advs So sánh b ngằ So sánh h nơ So sánh nh tấ
Adj/adv ER + THAN THE + adj/adv Ng nắ
+ Dài AS + adj/adv + AS NOT SO / AS + adj/adv + AS MORE + adj /adv + THAN EST THE MOST adj/adv
2. So sánh kép:
Nghĩa Ví dụ
Hình th cứ ơ +
ơ Càng …. càng + S The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.
ắ
Càng ngày.. Betty is younger and younger The food is more and more expensive
ừ ấ ừ ắ 1. The + SS h n (không THAN) S + V, the + SS h n(không THAN) + V 2. Ng n: adj ER AND adj ER Dài: MORE and MORE + adj ư *L u ý: Các tính t b t bi t c:
ạ và tr ng t SS b ngằ SS h nơ SS nh tấ
As good/ well as better (than) the best
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 75
An My secondary school As bad/ badly as As many/ much as As little as As far as
worse (than) more (than) less (than) farther / further (than) the worst the most the least the farthest / the furthest
ắ ư ế ế Tính từ ng n là tính t t nh ng t n cùng là y, et, er, le, ow
narrow
ầ ậ ừ dài (tr early)
ư Ex: She studies (well) than her friend. She studies better than her friend. ặ ừ t ho c 2 âm ti có 1 âm ti clever, quiet, ư ạ ượ hai v n t n cùng _LY đ ừ ượ c xem nh tính t Ex: happy, ừ ạ ừ ậ t n cùng _ED; _ING đ ậ gentle, ừ c xem nh tr ng t dài
ậ
ứ ậ ừ ủ Các tr ng t Các tính t ầ Ph n bài t p: Bài t p 1: Cho hình th c đúng c a tính t ạ và tr ng t ữ trong nh ng câu sau:
ừ 1 The ___________ (old) he gets, The _____________ (badtempered) he becomes 2 The ___________ (much) he works, the ___________ (bad) he felt 3 The ____________ (much) we think of the exam, the ___________( excited ) we get 4 The ___________ (busy) the road gets, the ___________(dangerous) it becomes 5 The ___________ (near)you get to the Equator, the ___________ (hot) it becomes. 6 The ___________ (long) she stay in England, the ___________ (good) her Englishwill be. 7 The ___________ (fast) I write, the ___________ (illegible) my writing becomes 8 The ___________ (well) she sings, the ___________ (much) she is admired 9 The ___________ (long) he waited , the ____________ (impatient) he became 10 The ____________ (large) the apartment, the_____________ (expensive)the rent.
ứ ủ ậ ừ ừ Bài t p 2: Cho hình th c đúng c a tính t ạ và tr ng t ữ trong nh ng câu sau:
ả ờ ọ ậ 1. A steak knife is ______________________ (sharp) than a butter knife. 2. David is the _______________________ (fast) player on the team. 3. My drawing is _______________________ (colorful) than yours. 4. I think the book we read today is _____________________ (interesting) than the one we read yesterday. 5. This week's temperatures are _____________________ (warm) than last week’s. 6. He plays the guitar _________________ (well) as Andrés Segovia. 7. That was the ______________________ (difficult) test I've ever taken. 8. Isn't he the _____________________ (nice) little boy you've ever met? 9. Do you think a snake is _____________________ (slow) than an owl? 10. The ___________ (early) we leave, the sooner we arrive. 11. Robert's arms are _____________________ (long) than John's. 12.Joe has the _____________________ (big) feet of anyone in his family. 13. The colder the weather gets, ______________ (sick) I feel. 14. Nobody is ______________ (happy) than Maria. 15. Messi is the _______________ (good) football player in the world. 16. The queue was getting ____________ (long) and _____________ (long). 17. ______________ (young) you are, ____________ (quickly) you learn. 18. _______________ (good) the weather is, ____________ (crowded) the beaches get. 19. Maria speaks French _________________ (fluently) than Julia. 20. This is the ________________ (bad) thing I”ve ever had. i đúng. Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 76
An My secondary school
1. She considers him __________ person that she has ever met. A. most attractive B. more attractive than C. as attractive D. the most attractive
D. most; less B. more; less C. much; little
C. long; most sleepy D. longest; most sleepy.
B. bad C. worst D. as bad
C. much more pretty D. prettier.
C. the less D. the little
C. so well D. less well
C. worst
C. worst D. most bad
C. more fast D. faster
B. more good than C. the most than D. better than.
2. The __________ I got to know you, the _________ I understand you A. most; least 3. Lan is the _________ of the three brothers. Tan is his _________ brother. A. younger; older B. youngest; older C. younger; eldest D. youngest ; eldest 4. The ___________ the speech, the ____________ the people got. A. longer; more sleepy B. longest; sleepy 5. The teacher said that I had done my work ______ than anyone else in class. A. worse 6. Maria is ______ than her sister. A. much pretty B. more pretty 7. The president is ________ than he looks . A. little nervous B. more nervous C. as nervous D. most nervous 8. The economic conditions today are____________ they were in the past. A. the best than B. much better C. much more good D. much better than 9. That was _______ delicious meal I’ve ever had for a long time. A. the most B. the more 10. Jim didn’t do _______ in his examination as he has hoped. A . more well B. most well 11. The situation was much _________ than we expected. D. gooder A. worse B. badder 12. The ____ accident in the history of the city occurred last night on the Free way. A. worse B. badest 13. He ran ________ than his friends B. very faster A. fast 14. Peter likes Mathematics _________ English. A. more 15. Their house is _______ beautiful than mine. A. as C. much B. more D. so
Ừ Ố Ừ Ể Ế Ề CHUYÊN Đ 15: T N I & T CHUY N TI P
ầ
ướ c sau:
ấ ế Ph n lý thuy t: ạ Trong d ng này, làm theo các b Xác đ nh d u câu:
ừ ườ ấ , th
ể ầ ị
ư ẩ ẩ ,). câu II và sau d u ph y ( ề chuy n ti p nên có nhi u v trí: đ u câu II ữ ế ố (nh ng sau d u ch m và tr c d u ph y), cu i câu II và gi a câu II.
ủ ấ ữ Xác đ nh ng nghĩa c a câu:
ế
ị ằ ở ng n m + “SO, BUT” là liên t ừ + “HOWEVER, THEREFORE” là t ướ ấ ấ ị ậ + “SO & THEREFORE”: vì th , vì v y ư + “BUT & HOWEVER”: nh ng mà, tuy nhiên; “but = yet”
ầ ậ
ữ ớ
Ph n bài t p: ậ Bài t p 1: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “ but, so, therefore, however” 1. They may need a new goalkeeper, _____________ I want to be ready. 2. The new trains have more powerful engines and are _____________ faster.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 77
An My secondary school
3. I hadn’t done my homework. _____________, I didn’t understand my lesson. 4. Mary was happy. _____________, Alice was very sad. 5. He is sick. _____________, he can’t come. 6. The professor told me that I was doing well, _________my final grade was awful. 7. The sky was grey and cloudy. _____________, we went to the beach. 8. She had to help her mother. _____________, she was often late for school. 9. I did my best, _____________ it was not good enough. 10. The flight was delayed, _____________ we had time to have something to eat. ậ
ữ ữ ừ Bài t p 2: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau v i “although, therefore, however, but, so, because, despite, because of” và nh ng t ớ ợ thích h p khác.
1. It is very hot in the desert. ___________, few trees can grow there. 2. Jame is offered the job, ___________ he is inexperienced. 3. James was not admitted to the university ___________ the age. 4. I tried to persuade her. ___________, I didn’t succeed. 5. The story was very funny, ___________ nobody laughed. 6. The match went ahead ___________ the heavy rain. 7. It was too dark to go on, ___________ we found somewhere to stay. 8. Nam had to stay home to look after his mother _______________ she was sick. ậ ọ ấ i đúng nh t.
ả ờ Bài t p 3: Ch n câu tr l 1. It was late, __________ I decided to phone home.
A. however B. but C. although D. because
2. Minh had a terrible headache. ____________, he went to school. B. Although A. Therefore C. But D. However
3. Tom has a bike, ______________ he always walks to work. C. because B. but A. so D. however
4. Her mother was sick. ____________, Jane had to stay home to look after.
A. Therefore B. Since C. However D. So
5. They asked me to wait for them, ________________they didn’t turn up.
A. but B. however C. so D. therefore
6. It was raining hard. The match went ahead, _____________ .
A. therefore B. however C. but D. so
7. We couldn’t get a seat, ____________ we arrived quite early.
A. but B. however C. although D. because
8. Anne doesn’t get on well with people around her. She has…. changed her job many times.
A. however B. so C. therefore D. although
9. I did my best. ____________, it was not good enough.
A. However B. Therefore C. Although D. Even though
10. Many airlines are offering discount tickets for flights, …… more people are flying for weekend trips to scenic cities. A. so C. although D. whereas B. because
Ố Ụ Ề Ạ CHUYÊN Đ 16: L I NÓI PH HO
Ph n lý thuy t:
ế ụ ạ ẳ ị ầ 1. Ph ho kh ng đ nh:
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 78
An My secondary school
ớ Đi v i TOO ( mang nghĩa CŨNG V Y)Ậ
S +V….
My sister is a doctor I work two hours a day I can sing
ư ả ớ Đi v i SO ( (and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + too (and) + S + do/does/did +too (and) + S + modals + too I am too (tôi cũng v y)ậ She does too He can too mang nghĩa CŨNG V Y Ậ nh ng có đ o ng ữ)
S +V….
My sister is a doctor I work two hours a day I can sing (and) + so + am/is/are/ was /were + S (and) + so + do/does/did +too + S (and) + so + modals + S So am I (tôi cũng v y)ậ So does she So can he
ụ ạ ủ ị 2. Ph ho ph đ nh:
ớ Đi v i EITHER ( mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG)
S +V(NOT)….
(and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + NOT + either (and) + S + do/does/did +NOT + either (and) + S + modals + NOT + either I am not either (tôi cũng không) She doesn’t either He can’t either
My sister isn’t a nurse I doesn’t work on sunday I can’t dance ớ ư ữ ả Đi v i NEITHER ( mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG nh ng có đ o ng , không có
NOT)
S +V(NOT)….
(and) + neither + am/is/are/ was /were + S (and) + neither + do/does/did +too + S (and) + neither + modals + S Neither am I (tôi cũng không) Neither does she Neither can he
ứ
My sister isn’t a nurse I doesn’t work on sunday I can’t dance ư L u ý: Trong câu có ch a “NEVER, NO, RARELY.SELDOM. RARELY” => dùng ụ ạ ủ ị ph ho ph đ nh
ầ ậ
ậ ố ề ừ Ph n bài t p: Bài t p 1: Đi n t thích h p vào ô tr ng
ợ 1. Rose likes to fly, and her brother ................... too 2. They will leave at noon, and I .......................too 3. He has an early appointment, and so ..................... I 4. She has already written her composition, and so ........................her friends. 5. Their plane is arriving at nine o’clock, and so...........................mine. 6. I should go grocery shopping this afternoon, and so ............. my neighbour.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 79
An My secondary school
7. We like to swim in the pool, and they.......................too. 8. Our Spanish teacher loves to travel, and so..............................we. 9. He has lived in Mexico for five years, and you........................too. 10. I must write them a letter, and she..........................too 11. That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and neither...........her supervisor. 12. We can’t study in the library, and they....................either. 13. I haven’t worked there long, and neither....................you. 14. You didn’t pay the rent, and she...................either. 15. They shouldn’t run so fast, and neither ...................... you. 16. John didn’t want anything to drink, and neither........................we. 17. The students won’t accept the dean’s decision, and the faculty.................either. 18. Your class hasn’t begun yet, and neither.......................mine. 19. She couldn’t attend the lecture, and her sister........................either. 20. He didn’t know the answer, and neither...........................I
ả ờ ọ ậ ấ Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l i đúng nh t.
1. She is.....................a singer nor an actress.
A. nor B. both C. neither D. either
2. My friend never makes noise in the class................................. A. Nor I don’t B. Neither do I C. I never don’t D. I don’t too 3. His telephone doesn’t work and mine doesn’t..............................
A. too B. neither C. so D. either
4. I never like horror movies. Really?.........................................
A. Neither do I B. I don’t neither C. So do I D. I don’t, too
5. I haven’t got a ticket. ..........................have I.
A. Neither B. Nor C. Either D. A&B are correct
6. Jane goes to school, and.................................... A. my sister does too B. does so my sister C. my sister does either D. .neither my sister 7. He has seen her plays, and so...........................
A. do the girls B. are the girls C. have the girls D. all are correct
8. Velazquez was a famous painter, and Rubens....................too.
A. is B. will C. has D. was
9. Tom has never been on time, and.............................................
A. his brother has too C. his brother hasn’t either B. so is his brother D. neither hasn’t his brother
B. neither do we A. we do either D. so do we
10. They hardly do morning exercise and ................................... C. we do too 11. He didn’t know the answer, and neither..............................I
A. was B. do C. did D. didn’t
12. She couldn’t attend the lecture, and her sister............................either
A. didn’t B. could C. wasn’t D. couldn’t
13. Your class hasn’t begun yet, and neither......................mine.
A. have B. has C. hasn’t D. haven’t
14. My father won’t come back next Sunday, and neither.........................yours.
A. will B. won’t C. does D. doesn’t
Ạ Ừ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 17: M O T
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 80
ượ ố ớ ộ ừ ế c s ít, v i ý nghĩa là m t (one). đ m đ c m t danh t
ướ ướ ộ c m t ph âm
An My secondary school ầ ế Ph n lý thuy t: a) Cách dùng A/ AN. * “A/ AN” – dùng tr “A” – dùng tr
ư ừ ắ ầ ướ ằ b t đ u b ng “u” nh ng phát âm là /ju:/ c dùng tr “A” đ
ộ c m t nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i). ộ ụ Ví d :ụ a house, a car, a man, a teacher,… ượ c các danh t ụ “AN” – dùng tr
Ví d :ụ
ạ ừ ấ ị ỉ ườ c g i là m o t b t đ nh, nghĩa là không ch rõ ng ặ ậ i nào ho c v t nào. => “A/ AN “ – đ
Ví d :ụ
ườ ượ ệ ề c m t ngh nghi p. c dùng tr “A/ AN” – th
Ví d : a university, a uniform , ướ an apple, an actor, an old man, an easy job,… ượ ọ There was a big tree in the garden. ộ ướ ng đ My uncle is a farmer, and my auntis a housewife.
ướ ừ ế ượ ừ ố c m t danh t không đ m đ c, danh t ặ ố s ít ho c s nhi u ề : the
ạ ừ ị ỉ ườ ặ ậ ườ ườ xác đ nh, nghĩa là ch rõ ng i nào ho c v t nào mà ng i nói và ng i
Ví d :ụ b) Cách dùng “The” ộ ể “The” – có th dùng tr water, the pollution, the child,… “The” – là m o t nghe đ u bi t.
ề ế Ví d :ụ Please! Turn down the television.
ượ ừ ườ ặ ậ ể ấ ầ ớ c dùng v i danh t có ý nghĩa là ng i ho c v t duy nh t (nên không th nh m
“The” – đ l n).ẫ
Ví d :ụ the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the President,…
ố ị ể ỉ ộ ườ ho c t ch qu c t ch đ ch m t nhóm ng i. (Unit 4) “The” – theo sau là tính t
ầ ả ạ ươ ng, kênh đào, dãy núi, qu n đ o. c tên sông, bi n, đ i d
ừ ặ ừ ỉ The poor, the old, the homeless,… ể ướ Sông: The Mekong river, the Nile, the Amazon, the Mississippi,…
ạ ươ ng: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Red sea, the Mediterranean,…
Ví d :ụ “The” – dùng tr Ví d :ụ ể Bi n, đ i d Kênh đào: the Suez Cannal, the Panama Cannal,… Dãy núi: the Andes, the Alps,… ầ Qu n đ o:
ả the Canaries, the Bahamas, the Hawaiian Islands,… ụ ướ ố ố ộ ọ ộ c tên qu c gia, thành ph , châu l c, m t ng n núi, m t hòn
* Chú ý: Không dùng “the” tr đ o.ả
Vietnam, Engliand,… ố Qu c gia:
Ví d :ụ Thành ph :ố London, Paris,Hanoi,… Châu l c:ụ Asia, Europe,… ọ Ng n núi: ộ M t hòn đ o
ướ ườ ố ộ ậ ề ố ồ ợ ng là khi tên qu c gia đó g m m t t p h p nhi u
Mount Everest, Mount Fuji,… ả : Phu quoc Island,… ộ ố c tên m t s qu c gia, th ề ố , ho c có ý nghĩa s nhi u.
The Unite Kingdom, the Unite states, the Czech Republic,…
“The” – tr ặ ừ t Ví d :ụ ượ ấ c dùng trong câu so sánh nh t
“The” đ ụ Ví d : He is the best student in my class.
ặ
ộ ề ậ ề ườ ặ ậ ế ầ ầ i ho c v t đó l n đ u, n u
ng dùng ườ ặ ậ c) Dùng “a/an” ho c “the”. ườ Trong m t câu, chúng ta th ế ố chúng ta mu n đ c p đ n ng “a/an” khi đ c p v ng ầ i ho c v t đó l n 2 thì ta dùng “the”.
ề ậ Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 81
I saw a man walking with a dog in the park this morning.
An My secondary school Ví d :ụ The man was blind and the dog was leading him. ậ
ầ
ậ ổ ố ặ ỏ ố Ph n bài t p: ề Bài t p 1: Đi n vào ch tr ng v i m o t (a/ an / the) ho c b tr ng.
ớ ạ ừ 1. How far is it from here to ____ airport? 2. “What’s _____ capital of Spain?” – “It’s Madrid”. 3. My father works in ______ office _______ city center. 4. _______ earth is _______ planet of _______ solar system. 5. She was born in _____ village in _____ north of England. 6. _____ village where she was born has ______ beautiful river. 7. Who is _____ best singer in ______ United Kingdom? 8. Can you switch off _____ television? Nobody’s watching it. 9. He felt bored with ______ woman who sat beside him at the party. 10. The ship was crossing ______ Atlantic Ocean when it hit _____ huge iceberg. 11. Mount Everest is ______ hightest mountain in _____ world. 12. _____ Mississppi River flows through several states of ______ United States. 13. My grandparents live in _____ old house in _____ south of Dong Nai provice. There is ______ large garden behind _____ house. They grow some fruit trees and vegetables in _____ garden. 14. There was _____ accident near my house this morning. _____ taxi crashed into ____ lamp post. _____ taxi was damaged, but ____ driver of ____ taxi was not hurt. 15. This morning I had _____ sandwich and _____ cup of coffee for breakfast. ____ sandwich was OK, but _____ coffee was terrible. 16. Miss Lin speaks _________ Chinese. 17. Eli likes to play _________ volleyball. 18. My daughter is learning to play _________ guitar at her school. 19. Can anyone give me _________ hand, please because I have just fallen over? 20. Please meet me at the train station in _________ hour from now.
ậ ọ Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l i đúng:
ả ờ 1. Hanoi is __________ capital of Vietnam.
A. an B. a C. the D. one
2. He doesn’t have _________ experience of working in an office. B. some A. much C. an D. the
3. I studied chemistry at _________ university.
A. the B. a C. an D. any
4. I’ll have ____________ bath as soon as I get home.
A. a B. the D. one
C. an 5. He has just bought ____________ expensive furniture. C. the B. some A. an D. a few
6. What did you have for __________ breakfast ?
A. the B. no article C. an D. a
7. Can you play ________ piano ? B. an A. a C. the D. one
8. If at all possible, try to communicate frequently with native speaker. It is ________ most ideal situation to learn a foreign language.
A. a B an C. the D. one
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 82
An My secondary school
9. _________ Amazon rain forest is considered to be one of the most important ecological environments in the world.
C. The D. One of B. An A. A
10. He has lived in ____________ United Kingdom.
C. The D. no article B. an A. a
11. I’ll give you _______ call when I arrive
D. a few A. a C. the
B. an 12. The reading table is in ________ middle of _______ room
A. the / the B. a / the` C. the / a D. a / a
13. _________ umbrella should not be used during ________ thunderstorm.
A. A/ a B. An / a C. The / a D. An / the
14. It was _________ exciting football that everybody was absorbed in it.
C. the D. one B. an A. a
15. I’ll call you back in _________ hour.
C. the D. a few B. an A. a
Ừ Ạ Ề Ừ CHUYÊN Đ 18: TÍNH T & TR NG T
ầ ế
ế ừ ả ặ ế ề ộ t them chi ti ho c cho bi t v m t danh
ừ ấ ụ i h n s áp d ng c a danh t ể dùng đ miêu t ủ y.
: good, tall, bright, short, attractive
ả i h n:
ở ộ ừ .
ữ ữ
ừ ế Nghĩa & Cách dùng đ m đ ượ c
ớ Dùng v i danh t ế ượ Ph n lý thuy t: * ADJECTIVES (TÍNH T ): Ừ là t ờ ớ ạ ự ừ ồ đ ng th i gi t ừ mô t 1. Tính t ừ ớ ạ gi 2. Tính t ừ ở ữ Tính t s h u: my, your, his, her, its, our, their. => Luôn theo sau b i m t danh t Ex: This is my pen Her father is a teacher. ị ừ ỉ ch đ nh: this (này) => these (nh ng cái này); that (đó)=> those (nh ng cái đó) Tính t ừ ị Tính t xác đ nh: ớ Dùng v i danh t (1) không đ m đ ừ c (2)
Ề Many A lot of A large number of
ữ ấ ả ữ T t c nh ng thành ng trên ề là đ u mang nghĩa ừ ư “NHI U”, nh ng danh t ị ừ ở ữ theo sau nh ng t xác đ nh ứ ố ả ở ề hình th c s (1) đ u ph i nhi u.ề
A good number of Lots of Plenty of Ex: I have many friends
ộ ừ ố
ị
ủ ị Môt ít, m t vài. Sau (1) là ề A few và s nhi u. danh t A little mang nghĩa xác đ nh, Few và Little mang nghĩa ể ph đ nh (không đáng k )
A few / Few Ex: I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet very often. He isn’t popular. He has few friends Much A lot of A great deal of A large quantity of A good deal of Lots of Plenty of Ex: I don’t have much time to leave A little / little Ex: Don’t hurry. We’ve got a little time before the train leaves. We must be quick. There is little time.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 83
An My secondary school
ỗ
Ex: Study each sentence
ừ ố ọ Each: m i. Every: m i Each & Every dùng v iớ danh t s ít.
Each / Every carefully Every sentence must have a verb.
Each / Every Ex: Every furniture in that room is made of wood. Each time I see you, you look different.
ữ ị
ữ Ngoài ra chúng ta còn có nh ng thành ng xác đ nh khác: ứ
ố
ề : nh ng cái còn l
ữ ạ ạ The other + N(s ít)ố : cái th hai trong hai cái. Ex: The insurance office was on the other side of the street. The other + N(s nhi u) ầ i, ph n còn l i.
Ex: When I returned home I found my wife talking to our neighbors. The other guests
had gone.
ế
ượ ố : m t cái khác b t kì.
ấ ộ Another + N(đ m đ
c s ít) Ex: I must find myself another job. ế Both, either, neither: dùng đ nói đ n hai ng
ể ườ ự ậ ự ệ ặ i ho c 2 s v t, s vi c.
Ex: Both men were interested in the job. Neither restaurant is expensive We can go either restaurant. I don’t mind. ề ừ ế ướ ứ ặ ố ừ ế ượ không đ m đ c trong
c danh t ộ ờ ề ặ Some: Đ ng tr ị ẳ câu kh ng đ nh ho c m t l ượ đ m đ c (s nhi u) ho c danh t ự ị ị i đ ngh l ch s .
Ex: I want some milk My mother needs some eggs
ư ố ủ ị ấ Would you like some more coffee ? Any: (gi ng SOME) nh ng dùng trong câu ph đ nh và nghi v n.
Ex: Do you want any sugar ? She didn’t see any boys in her class.
3. Phân t
(V ừ dùng làm tính t ừ ấ ừ ộ ố M t s tính t ừ ư nh :
ừ ing / V3/ed) đông t ị ố
ừ ậ ế ủ ộ ệ xu t phát t Interesting / Interested : thú v , hay, cu n hút Boring / Bored : chán Exciting / Excited : háo h cứ Surprising / Surprised : ng c nhiên t n cùng là “ING” cho bi Tính t ạ ự ệ t tính ch t c a công vi c, s vi c (mang nghĩa ch đ ng)
ấ ủ Ex: Julia thinks politics is very interesting It was quite surprising that he passed the examination.
ừ ậ ế ạ ườ ủ ị ộ Tính t t tr ng thái c a ng i nào (mang nghĩa b đ ng)
t n cùng là “ED” cho bi Ex: Julia is interested in politics. Everybody was surprised that he passed the examination.
ừ ở ứ ố ừ ừ làm tính t 4. Danh t : ứ ừ có ch c năng nh tính t Danh t luôn hình th c s ít.
ư Ex: We took a tour that lasted five weeks.
=> We took a fiveweek tour.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 84
An My secondary school
ủ
ướ That student wrote a report that was ten pages long. => That student wrote a tenpage report. ừ ứ : ổ : 5. Ch c năng c a tính t ỉ B ngh a cho danh t ứ ừ đ ng tr c danh t ừ. ____adj__ Noun.
Ex: He is a nice man.
I saw a beautiful girl last night.
ổ ữ ủ ứ B ng c a đông t : ừ đ ng sau “be, get, look, become, seem, sound..”
Ex: The weather becomes cold. She looks more attractive in the blue dress.
ổ ạ ừ ỉ ứ B nghĩa cho các đ i t phi m ch , đ ng sau “something, anything, someone, everything..”
ế Ex: I’ll tell you something interesting. Is there anything new ?
ề ở c b nghĩa b i nhi u tính t ủ . V trí c a tính t đ
ừ ị ắ ướ ổ ừ Đôi khi danh t : ấ ượ ố S + ch t l ừ ấ ứ c + tu i tác + màu s c + xu t x + ừ ượ ổ ng + kích th
ừ
ừ ỉ ả ướ ườ ừ ả ậ ự ủ 6. Tr t t c a tính t ượ ắ ư ế đ c s p x p nh sau. ấ ệ ch t li u + danh t (Number) (quantity) (size) (age) (color) (origin) (material) (noun) Tính t ch c m nghĩ (nice, beautiful..) th (new, large, round..) ứ ng đ ng tr c tính t miêu t
Ex: a nice long summer holiday
An interesting young man
ườ ướ ừ ỉ ướ ừ ỉ ề c và chi u dài (big, tall, long …) th ng đi tr c tính t ch hình dáng và
ch kích th Tính t ề ộ chi u r ng ( round, fat, wide). Ex: a tall thin girl a long narrow street.
ậ
ự ộ ố ậ ố ậ ằ ừ ộ ừ c thành l p b ng cách them các h u t vào sau danh t , đ ng t
ừ 7. S thành l p tính t : ừ ượ M t s các tính t đ 1.Noun + (ful, less, ly…) Adjective
Harm Child Day Child Rain
Self
Nature Poison Harmful childless daily childlike rainy selfish natural poisonous
2. Verb + (ive, able… ) Adjective
Attract Accept
attractive acceptable ủ ị ộ ố ừ ề ố M t s tính t mang nghĩa ph đ nh khi chúng ta thêm ti n t vào:
(un, in, im, ..) + Adjective Adjective (không)
unhappy
Happy Dependent independent Possible Regular impossible irregular
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 85
An My secondary school
illegal
Ạ Legal Ừ V. ADVERBS (TR NG T ):
ậ ằ ượ ườ 1.Phân lo i:ạ ạ Tr ng t ch tính cách, th c thành l p b ng “ ADJ + LY:
ừ ỉ Beautiful Careful Bad ng đ beautifully carefully badly
ư ừ ừ ạ ừ ượ ừ v a là tính t v a là tr ng t , chúng ta không đ c thêm *L u ý: HARD, FAST, FAR
_LY vào.
ng xuyên: often, sometimes, seldom, always…
ừ ỉ ờ ch th i gian: yesterday, tomorrow, soon, now … ừ ỉ ơ ố ch n i ch n: around, somewhere, here…. ừ ỉ ự ườ ch s th ấ ừ nghi v n: where, when, how, why ….
ạ Tr ng t ạ Tr ng t ạ Tr ng t ạ Tr ng t ứ 2. Ch c năng: ổ B nghĩa cho đông t ừ ườ th ng: S + V + (O) + ADV
ổ Ex: He speaks English fluently ừ B nghĩa cho tính t ADV + adj….
: …….. Ex: She is extremely lazy. ả ổ B nghĩa cho c câu:
Ph n bài t p ậ ặ ể ọ ừ ữ Ex: Luckily, he passes the final examination. ậ ầ Bài t p 1: Ch n t đúng trong ngo c đ hoàn thành nh ng câu sau.
1. Are you………… (interesting / interested) in football ? 2. The football match was quite ………… (exciting / excited). I enjoyed it. 3. It’s sometimes ……… (embarrassing / embarrassed) when you have to ask people for
money.
4. Do you usually get …………. (embarrassing / embarrassed) ? 5. I had never expected to get the job. I was really ………..(amazing / amazed) when I was
offered it.
6. She has really learnt very fast. She has made ……….(astonishing / astonished) progress. 7. It was a really ………(terrifying / terrified) experience. Afterwards everybody was very
…….. (shocking / shocked)
8. I didn’t find the situation funny. I was not _......(amusing / amused). 9. Why do you always look so…. (boring / bored)? Is your life really so ……..(boring / bored) ? 10. He’s one of the most …… (boring / bored) people I’ve ever met. He never stops talking and
ọ ậ ấ he never says anything ……. (interesting / interested) ả ờ Bài t p 2: Ch n câu tr l i đúng nh t.
1. The teacher’s explanation was ………._. Most of the students didn’t understand it.
A. confuse B. confused C. confusing D. to confuse
2. I seldom visit art galleries. I’m not particularly ………. in art.
A. interested B. interesting C. bored D. boring
3. He works very hard. It’s not ………… that he’s always tired.
A. confuse B. to confuse C. confused D. confusing
4. The lecture was ……… . I fell asleep.
A. interesting B. interested C. boring D. bored
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 86
An My secondary school
5. I’ve been working very hard all day and now I’m _……… B. exhausting A. exhausted D. exhaust
C. to be exhausted 6. I’m starting a new job next week. I’m quite ……… about it.
A. exciting B. excited C. boring` D. bored
7. Tom is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very ………
A. amuse B. to amuse C. amusing D. amused
8. I’ve got nothing to do. I’m ………
A. boring B. bored C. interesting D. interested
9. Lisa is a very ……… person. She knows a lot, she’s traveled a lot and she’s done lots of
different things. A. interests B. interest C. interested D. interesting
10. I’m ……… at his success.
C. surprised D. surprising
A. surprise ậ ắ ế B. to surprise ữ ừ ộ ụ ể ừ ỉ sau đ làm thành m t c m danh t hoàn ch nh.
Bài t p 3: S p x p nh ng tính t 1. nice / a / pullover / a / new
=> …………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. house / a(n) / old / beautiful.
=> …………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. metal / a / box / small / black
=> …………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. beautiful / long / hair / black
=> …………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. painting / French / a(n) /old / interesting
ừ ư ử ụ ừ ậ => ………………………………………………………………………………………….. ữ Bài t p 4: Hoàn thành nh ng câu sau , s d ng danh t nh tính t :
1. Her call to California lasted ten minutes. She made ____________ to California. 2. Sam’s new apartment is in a building which has twelve storeys. Sam’s new apartment is in a
_____________ building.
3. We teach languages. We are _____________ teachers. 4. The manager said that the sale would last for two days. The manager said that it would be a
______________ sale.
ổ ố ớ ề ậ 5. Mal bought a tool set containing 79 pieces. Mal bought a _________tool set. Bài t p 5: Đi n vào ch tr ng v i “much, many, few, a few, little, a little”.
1. Ann is very busy these days. She has __________free time. 2. Did you take _________photographs when you were on holiday ? 3. I’m not very busy today. I haven’t got __________ to do. 4. The museum was very crowded. There were too __________ people. 5. Most of the town is modern. There are __________ old buildings. 6. The weather has been very dry recently. We’ve had _________ rain. 7. Listen carefully. I’m going to five you ________ advice. 8. Do you mind if I ask you _________ questions? 9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit., so ________ tourists come here. 10. I don’t think Jose would be a good teacher. She’s got __________ patience. 11. “Have you ever been to Paris ?” “Yes, I’ve been there __________ times” 12. You made so _________ mistakes in your writing. 13. I do not know ________ about biology. I have _________knowledge about genetics.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 87
An My secondary school
14. The boy are making too _____________ noise. 15. How ________ languages can you speak ? And how __________ time do you spend on
ọ ừ ậ ặ learning English? Bài t p 6: Ch n t đúng trong ngo c:
1. Rita plays the violin __________ (good /well) 2. That is an ___________ (intense / intensely) novel. 3. The sun is shining ___________ (bright / brightly).
4. The following day she felt ________ (sufficiently / sufficient) well to go to work.
5. We don’t like to drink __________ (bitter / bitterly) tea. 6. He had an accident because he was driving too _________ (fast / fastly). 7. Your cold sounds ____________ (terrible / terribly). 8. They became _____________ (sick / sickly) after eating the contaminated food. 9. There’s no point in doing a job id you don’t do it ___________ (proper / properly) 10. Rose is ___________ (terrible / terribly ) upset about losing her job. 11. Nam works very ____________ (hard / hardly).
12. Miss White sang very ________ (beautiful / beautifully) at my birthday party last night. 13. I like this motorbike because it ‘s very _________ (economical / economically). It consumes less petrol. 14. His boss sacked him because he had behaved __________ (irresponsible / irresponsibly). 15. Thanks to ….. (economic / economically) reforms, our country has had a lot of changes.
Ừ Ề CHUYÊN Đ 19: DANH T
ầ ế
ị ữ Ừ ữ ữ ế ừ ố g c ta
Ph n lý thuy t: 1. CÁCH THÀNH L P DANH T : Thêm nh ng ti p v ng sau (suffixes) vào nh ng t ộ ẽ s có m t danh t Ậ ừ ớ m i
SUFFIXES ance ence er, or ist, yst ((a)t)ion ness ment ity ian ism ship ive acy NOUNS reliance, performance residence, dependence actor, computer compiler, adaptor analyst, pianist, action, destination, conclusion, conversion kindness, blindness measurement, treatment brevity, electricity, variety electrician, pedestrian mechanism, realism relationship, friendship initiative, objective literacy, poignancy
Ị ứ Ứ ừ :
ừ ả ừ nên sau nó ph i là danh t
ủ ừ trong câu:
ừ 2. V TRÍ & CH C NĂNG: Đ ng sau tính t Ex: We have a good __relationship(relate)=> Good là tính t Làm ch t Ex: The applicant looks nervous trong câu: Làm túc t
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 88
ậ
An My secondary school Ex: She asked the candidates many questions Ph n bài t p:
ữ ọ ướ ầ Ch n đáp án đúng đ hoàn thành nh ng câu bên d i.
C. relative D. relatively
D. harmless C. unharmed
D. successfully C. unsuccessful
D. professor C. professionally
D. healthily C. healthful
D. independency
D. homelessness
C. beautifully D. beautify
D. purposelessly C. purposefully
C. reliability D. reliance
D. economical C. economics
its members, and the promotion of regional peace. C. socially D. socialize
D. surprisingly C. surprising
C. naturally D. natured
C. unable D. disable
D. asleep
C. employed D. employer
C. operate D. operation
ể 1. In spite of her illness, she is ________ cheerful. A. relation B. related 2. Smoking is ________ to the health. A. harmB. harmful 3. The surgeons tried their best to save his life, but unfortunately the operation was ___ A. succeeded B. successful 4. The pilot of an airplane is _______ for the safely of the passengers. A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsive 5. Mike Tyson is a ________ boxer. A. profession B. professional 6. These children look _________. A. health B. healthy 7. Nowadays, women are more _________ than they used to be. A. independent B. independently C. independence 8. Many people were ______ after the storm. C. homeless A. home B. homely 9. You look ______ in your new dress. A. beautyB. beautiful 10. They dealt with the problem in a _________ way. A. purposeB. purposeful 11. Jim is a very ______ person. A. rely B. reliable 12. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a geopolitical and ______organization. A. economy B. economic 13. ASEAN's aims include the acceleration of economic growth, _______ progress, cultural, development among A. society B. social 14. A holiday in America can be ____________cheap. A. surpriseB. surprised 15. The panda’s __________ habitat is the bamboo forest. A. nature B. natural 16. He was born blind; but despite this___he still managed to become one of the top pop singers of his generation. A. disability B. ability 17. His health was seriously affected and he suffered from constant_____. A. sleeping B. sleeplessness C. sleepy 18. He hoped his ______ would give him a pay rise. A. employee B. employ 19. The _____was a success; the patient will fully recover in a month's time. A. operating B. operator 20. Faraday was the _____ of the first generator. A. inventing C. inventor D. inventive B. invention
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 89
An My secondary school
Ề Ớ Ừ Ộ Ừ CHUYÊN Đ 20: GI Ụ I T & C M Đ NG T
ầ ế
Ph n lý thuy t: I. PREPOSITIONS OF TIME:
(cid:0) On
(cid:0)
On Sunday (morning) / 25th April / New Year’s Day On holiday / business / duty / a trip / an excursion / fire / sale / a diet In In April / 1980 In summer / spring / autumn / winter In five minutes / a few days / two years In the morning / afternoon / evening
(cid:0) At
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
At 8 o’clock / the weekend / night / Christmas At the end of ... / at the age of From...to... From 1977 to 1985 Since Since 1985 / Monday / 2 o’clock For For three days / a long time / one hour.
II. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE:
(cid:0) On
(cid:0)
On a table / a wall / a bus / a train / a plane / the floor / a horse / television / the radio / the telephone In In a garden / a park / a town / the water / my office / hospital / a car In the middle of...
(cid:0) At
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
At home / work / school / university / the station / the airport / a concert / a party / a football match At 10 Pasteur Street By By car / bus / plane (on foot) By accident / chance For For a walk / a swim / a drink For breakfast / lunch / dinner
III. VERB + NOUN + PREP:
ấ
ậ ụ ẹ
ậ ị ượ ộ give way to : nh ng b , ch u thua ạ ớ ấ lose touch with: m t liên l c v i make use of : dùng, t n d ng ạ ế ọ make fun of : ch c gh o, ch nh o keep pace with : theo k pị pay attention to : chú ý đ nế ứ put a stop to : put an end to: ch m d t take care of : chăm sóc ế ư take note of : l u ý đ n ấ ấ take notice of : chú ý th y, nh n th y
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 90
An My secondary school
IV. VERB + PREP:
3. VERB + ABOUT care about SOMETHING dream about sb / sth think about hear about: be told about warn ... about
2. VERB + FOR apply for care for SOMEONE pay for look for wait for blame ... for leave ... for search ... for ask ... for
6. VERB + AT laugh at / smile at shout at look at / stare at / glance at point at / aim at
1. VERB + TO apologize to sb for sth belong to complain to sb about sb / sth happen to introduce to listen to speak / talk to sb write to prefer ... to ... explain ... to ... invite ... to ... 4. VERB + ON concentrate on / focus on depend on / rely on live on congratulate ... on spend ... on 7. VERB + IN succeed in arrive in / at 5. VERB + OF consist of die of take care of accuse ... of remind ... of 8. VERB + WITH provide ... with charge ... with
9. VERB + FROM suffer ... from / borrow ... from save / protect / prevent ... from
V. ADJECTIVE + PREP:
2. ADJ + FOR available for responsible for famous for late for 3. ADJ + ABOUT angry about anxious about worried about excited about
1. ADJ + TO accustomed to addicted to harmful to similar to / agreeable to 4. ADJ + ON keen on dependent on
6. ADJ + AT surprised at quick at bad / good at brilliant at 9. ADJ + FROM different from absent from safe from
7. ADJ + IN confident in successful in interested in rich in 5. ADJ + OF afraid of / full of aware of / tired of ashamed of capable of 8. ADJ + WITH equipped with bored with busy with acquainted with
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 91
An My secondary school
Satisfied with familiar with
Grammar XVIII: PHRASAL VERBS ộ ế ơ
ầ
ố ư
ạ ắ t (đèn, qu t. ..),
ở ạ
iạ
ấ ệ ặ ớ
ặ
ổ ị ơ ẫ ề
ệ t
i thích t đ ng sau
ưở ng thành,
ộ ư ừ ỏ b ị ng b , ch u thua ở
ổ
ệ ế ữ ữ ế ụ v ng duy trì, ti p t c
ườ ế ọ ạ i, trêu ch c, ch nh o ế
ỏ
iở ạ ơ ố ỉ ướ c vào ể ị
ặ ổ ắ
ả ề
13 throw sth at sb/ sth: ném, ch iọ throw away: discard throw sth to sb: chuy n ề 14 take after: resemble: trông gi ng nh ở ấ take off: c t cánh, c i ra 15 turn off: switch off : t shut off turn on: switch on: m (đèn, qu t . . ) turn round: quay l ế turn up: arrive: đ n, xu t hi n. v n l n (volume) ỏ turn down: decrease the volume: v n nh ắ ị 16 catch up (with) đu i k p, b t k p ả ộ ạ 17 cool off: ngu i l nh đi, gi m đi (nhi tình) 18 cross out: draw a line through 19 discuss sth with sb = have a discussion about sth ả 20 explain sth to sb: gi ị ụ ằ 21 fall behind: b t 22 find out: discover information 23 glance at sb/ sth: take a quick look at: li c ế nhìn 24 grow up: become an adult: tr ớ l n lên 25 hang up: hang on a hanger ạ 26 hold up: delay, postpone: làm tr ng i 27 hurry up: làm nhanh 28 invite sb to/ for sth: m iờ 29 keep up: gi keep on: continue 30 laugh at sb/ sth: c 31 leave out: omit leave somewhere for. . .: r iờ ằ 32 lie down: n m xu ng (đ ngh ng i) 33 make up: invent a story:b a ra 34 pick up: lift: nh t, hái, đón ai 35 pay back: return money to sb: tr ti n cho ai 1 apply to sb for sth: n p đ n đ n. . . xin. . . 2 ask out: ask sb to go on a date ỏ ask sb for sth: h i xin ai/ yêu c u ai cái gì ế 3 arrive in: đ n (country, city, town) ế arrive at: đ n (other places) 4 call on: ask to speak in class call back: return a telephone call call off: cancel call up: make a telephone call 5 drop in:visit without calling first or an invitation drop out (of): stop attending a school 6 fill in : đi n vào ( m u đ n) fill out: write information in a form fill up: fill completely with gas, water. . . 7 get along (with): have a good relationship with get in: enter a car/ taxi. . . get off: leave a bus/ train. . . get on: enter a bus/ train . . . get out (of): leave a car/ taxi. . . get over : recover from: bình ph cụ get through (with): finish ậ ứ ứ ậ get up: th c d y, đánh th c ai d y 8 give up: get rid of: ng ng, t ượ give in: nh give back: return sth to sb 9 go after: run after: đu i theo ự go ahead: be carried out: th c hi n, ti n hành go along: develop, progress: phát tri n, ể ể ti n tri n go away: đi kh i, đi xa nhà go back: return: tr l go in: enter a room/ house: b phòng/ nhà go off: explode, be fired: n , b n (súng) ế ụ go on: continue : ti p t c tắ go out: stop burning: t
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 92
An My secondary school
ả ờ ặ
ộ ư ạ ờ
ệ ẩ ử ờ
ợ ử ặ
ế 36 point at/ to sb/ sth: chỉ 37 run into: meet by chance: g p tình c 38 search sb/ sth for sb/ sth: khám, xét, tìm 39 speak up: nói to lên speak to/ with sb about/ of sb/ sth: nói ữ i thêm m t th i gian n a 40 stay on: l u l 41 talk to/ with sb about/ of sb/ sth: nói, th o ả lu nậ 42 try out : test : th nghi m ứ 43 wait up: th c ch ai ờ ợ wait for: ch đ i 44 wash up: wash the dishes: r a chén 45 watch out (for): be careful ư ở t th g i ai 46 write to sb: vi go over: look at sth carefully: xem xét kỹ go up # go down: tăng # gi m giá 10.hand in: give homework, test .. to a teacher hand out:give sth to this person then that person. 11.look after: take care of: chăm sóc, trông nom look for: search for: tìm ki mế ậ ể look out (for): be careful: đ ý c n th n look sth up: tra c uứ ỏ look forward to: mong đ i, mong m i ầ 12.put on: dress yourself in sth: m c (qu n áo), đ iộ put off: postpone, delay
ậ Ph n bài t p
ầ 1. You look tired. Sit ____ and have a cup of tea. 2. I’m looking for yesterday’s newspaper. Did you throw it _______? 3. Turn ______ the music! It’s too loud! 4. I live in Bristol now, but I grew ______ in Leicester. 5. Come ______! Hurry _____ ! You’ll be late for school. 6. O.K. I’ll pick you _______ at 7 a.m. tomorrow. 7. Don’t worry about the baby. I’ll look ______ her while you are out. 8. John! Wake _____! Can you hear a noise downstairs? 9. I have to stop to fill in my car. The tank runs _____ _____ petrol. 10. I always go _____ all my lessons before the test. 11. There was a power failure and all the lights went _____. 12. We all woke _____ in the middle of the night when the alarm clock suddenly went _____. 13. – Why is Mr Smith so depressed? – His business has gone ______ recently. 14. – How is your brother study going _____? – Fine. He’s made steady progress. 15. Time goes _____ quickly when we are busy, doesn’t it? 16. What a pretty dress! Turn _____ ! Let me look at it from the back. 17. “Can you look ______ this word? I don’t understand it.” 18. “What should I do with this form?” “Fill it _____.” 19. The football match had to be call _____ because of the weather. 20. The story Kate told wasn’t true. She made it ____. 21. I heard a big noise and woke _____ at 2.30 this morning. 22. It’s too dark. I can’t go ____ reading. 23. Hurry ____! The train’s coming. 24. Did you have to fill ____ a form when you applied for the job? 25. Who looks _____ your grandmother when she is ill? 26. I can’t hear the news on TV, please turn the radio _____. 27. I’m bored, could you go _____ with me for a while? 28. Mary put ______ her best clothes for the party.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 93
An My secondary school
29. Remember to put ____ your shoes when you come in the house. 30. Would you like to listen _____ some music while waiting? 31. I’m afraid the machine has broken _____. 32. For the sake of your health, you ought to give _____ alcohol. 33. You can hardly live ____ $10 a week. 34. We need to make a decision today at the latest. We can’t hold it ____ any longer. 35. George finally turned _____ nearly an hour late. 36. A bomb went _____ near the station, but no one was injured. 37. There is no need to get angry. Calm _____! 38. My alarm clock went ____ in the middle of the night and woke me _____. 39. Every morning after I get ______, I put ______ my clothes, then I turn _____ my cassette to
listen _____music.
40. Oh, what a terrible mess! Please wash it _ after you finish eating.
Ế Ế CHUYÊN Đ 21: CÁC CÂU GIAO TI P
Ph n lý thuy t:
ạ ế ầ ỏ 1. Chào h i và đáp l i:
ỏ ạ đáp l i (Response )
Þ Fine. And you? Þ O.K. How about you? Þ Pretty good. How about you? Þ Not too bad. How about yourself? Þ Everything’s O.K. How you doin’? Þ O.K. Can’t complain. (very What’s happening? (very informal)
chào h i (Greeting) Hi (or Hello). How are you? Hi. How ya doin’? Hi. How’s it goin’? Hi. How’ve you been? Hi. How goes it? (very informal) Hi. How are things? Hi. informal) Hi. What’s new? Hi. What’ve you been up to lately?
Þ Oh, not much. How about with you? Þ Not a whole lot. (very informal). How about with you? Þ Not too much. How ’bout you?
ế ạ K t thúc (Ending) Đáp l i (Response)
Goodbye ! I’ve got to go. See you then
Bye! See you again Bye ! See you later Take care
ớ ệ 2. Gi i thi u
A B
How do you do ? Nice to meet you How do you do ? Nice to meet you, too
3. M iờ
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 94
An My secondary school
ậ ấ L i m i (invitaion) T ch i (Refusing)
ờ ờ Would you like…. Would you be interested in
Ch p nh n (Accepting) Yes, I’d love to That’s very kind of you, thanks What a great idea, thanks ừ ố No, thanks I,d love to, but I really don’t think I can I’m afraid not
4. Khen
ậ ấ ừ ố Khen (compliment) T ch i (Rejecting)
You must be kidding You’ve got to be kidding
I would like to compliment you on… I think your hair is .. You really have …
Ch p nh n (Accepting) Thank you. It’s very nice of you to say so I’m glad to like it Thanks. It’s a nice compliment
ồ ồ 5. Đ ng ý và không đ ng ý:
ư ồ Đ ng ý (Agreement)
ế Đ a ra ý ki n (Giving opinion) Không đ ng ýồ (Disagreement)
I think …. In my opinion,… In my point of view…. I believe….
I agree completely You are right You are correct I think so I hope so Really ? I’m not sure I couldn’t agee No, that’s wrong I don’t think so
ả ơ 6. C m n:
ả ơ C m n (thanks) i (Response) Đáp l
I’m very grateful for…. Thank you very much for … Thanks for… It was nice of you…. ạ You are welcome Don’t mention it It was my pleasure Don’t worry about it
7. Xin l i:ỗ
ạ Xin l i (apology) Đáp l i (Response)
ỗ Forgive me. I’m terribly sorry about… I apologize for…. I’m sorry.I didn’t mean…. Sorry about that That’s quite all right. I understand completely That’s OK No problem Don’t worry about it
ị 8. Đ nghề
ề ị Đ ngh (suggestions) Đáp l i(Response)
I suggest/think you should ... It might be better to ... ạ I was thinking exactly that myself. Sounds good (to me).
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 95
An My secondary school
OK, let’s do/try that. Yes, let’s do that. You’re right. That’s a good idea. It’s a good idea, but ... But what if ... ?
he only thing / problem is ...
We/You ought to ... If I were you ..., I would … I (don’t) think we/you should ... You/We could ... Couldn’t you/we ... ? Shall we ... ? How/What about ... ? Why don’t you/we ... ? Why not ... ? Let’s ... ậ ầ
C. How do you do? D. I’m well.Thank you
B. See you later D. Meet you again
D.Congratulation!
Ph n bài t p: 1. Peter: “How do you do?” – Mary: “___________” B. Not too bad. A.Yeah,OK 2. Lam: “Bye!” Lan “_________.” A.See you lately C.Thank you 3. John: “I’ve passed my final exam.” Tom: “__A.Good lock. B. It’s nice of you to say so. C.That’s a good idea. 4. Hung: “Would you like to have dinner with me?” Lam: “__________.”
D.Yes,so do I
A.Yes, I’d love to B. I’m very happy C.Yes,it is 5. David: “You’ve got a beautiful dress!” – Helen: “____A. I do
B. Thanks for your compliment C.You, too D. Okay
D.don’t take it seriously C. take care B.don’t hurry
D. I’m glad you like it B. I like it C. That’s all right
/D. Happy Christmas with you!
B. Don’t worry C. Hold the line, please D. Go ahead
C. Good luck B. Same to me D. See you
C. Come on D. I’m pleased you like it.
D. I’m afraid I don’t
B. Well, I hope so C. I think not D. Yes, that’s right
B. No, thank you C. Yes, I can D. I think so. Why?
B. What are you doing there?
A. Welcome back! C. I’m sorry I am late D. May I borrow a pencil , please?
C. It doesn’t matter B. Here you are D. I’m OK
C. Pleased A. Please D. Thank you
6. Jack: “I’ve got to go, Sarah. So long.” – Sarah: “So long, Jack. And_____.” A.be careful 7. Mary: “That’s a very nice skirt you’re wearing.” Julia: “_________.” A.That’s nice 8. David: “Happy Christmas!” Jason: “____________” A.You are the same!B. Same for you!/C. The same to you! 9. A: “Sorry I’m late.” – B: “____________.” A. OK 10. Mary: “I’ve got an interview for a job tomorrow.” – Peter: “____________.” A. Thank you 11. A: “Thank you for the lovely present.” – B: “____________.” A. Go aheadB. Not at all 12. A: “Are you coming on Saturday?” – B: “____________.” A. I’m afraid not B. I’m afraid not to C. I’m afraid to 13. Ann: “Do you think you’ll get the job?” – Mary: “____________.” A. I know so 13. A: “Are you free this coming Sunday?” – B: “____________” A. Yes, I will 14. A: “____________” – B: “Certainly” 15. A: “Would you like some more tea?” – B: “____________” A. Yes, please 16. Hello, my name’s John. ____________ to meet you B. I am very well Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 96
B. Thank you C. Cheers D. Have a good day
C. Yes, I’d like that
An My secondary school 17. Peter: “Thanks a lot for your wonderful gift.” – Mary: “____________” A. You are welcome 18. A: “Thank you for a lovely evening.” – B: “____A. Don’t mention it B. I’m glad you enjoy it 19. A: “I hope to see you again.” – B: “____A. I hope so, too
D. Yes, that would be very nice B. Good enough
C. Thank you D. I realy enjoy meeting you, too.
D. No, you are welcome
20. “Would you like a cup of coffee?” – “____________” A. Yes, thanks a lot B. No, thanks you C. Yes, please 21. Charles: “ Excuse me ….Mr. Ward?” – Mr. Ward: “____________?”
C. No A. Eh! What D. Thank you
C. Yes, let’s D. Yes, thank you B. I’m afraid I can
D. I hope not B. I hope so C. I don’t hope so
C. Thank you too D. Not at all
Ả Ề B. Yes 22. A: “Let’s meet for a coffee tonight.” – B: “____________” A. I hope not 23. “ Is she coming to the party tonight ?” – “______” . I can’t stand seeing her behaviour.” A. I don’t think so 24. Alice: “ What shall we do this evening?” – Carol: “ A. Let’s go out for dinner. B. Oh, that’s good! C. No problem D. I went out for dinner 25. “ Thank you for coming to meet us” – “ ………………………” A. You are welcomed B. Same to you 26. “ Thanks for your help.” – “……………………………” A. You are welcomed B. That’s all right C. Thank you, too D. The same to you 27. A: Does Maria speak English well? – B: ………………………… . A. Yes. I do B. I think not C. I don’t think so D. She thinks so 28. Helen: “ May I introduce you to Mary, Peter ?” – Peter: “ …………A. How are you, Mary? B. How do you do, Mary? C. Pleased to meet you, Mary D. B and C are correct 29. A: “ How about a biscuit?” – B: ………………………… . I’m on a diet. A. Yes, please B. Yes, thank you C. No, thanks D. It’s OK 30. “ Thank you very much for the wonderful gift.” – “ ……A. Good luck B. Don’t mention it C. Congratulations D. You are welcome Ữ CHUYÊN Đ 22: INVERSION (Đ O NG )
ầ
ợ ộ ừ ặ ộ ừ ặ ướ ặ ủ ừ Đ o ng là đem tr đ ng t , ho c đ ng t “tobe” ho c “modals” đ t tr c ch t mang
ế Ph n lý thuy t: ữ ả ạ ấ hàm ý nh n m nh
ượ ườ ấ ườ ng đ ớ ng v i thì
ề ngay khi........thì". Th 3 c u trúc này đ u mang nghĩa " ệ ể ỉ ệ ả 1. No sooner.....than = hardly......when/ before = scarcely.....when/ before c dùng (th QKHT, đôi khi dùng QKĐ) đ ch 1 vi c gì đó đã x y ra không lâu sau vi c khác.
No sooner had I reached the door than I realised it was locked No sooner did I reach the door than I realised it was locked.
2. Not until
Not until January will I have a holiday.
ử ụ ứ ơ ớ 3. Only then/if/when/later/after=> S d ng v i thì quá kh đ n.
Only then did I know what I had got myself into. Only after the film started did I realise that I'd seen it before.
ườ ớ ng dung v i thì HTĐ, HTHT, QKHT và CAN and 4. Rarely/Seldom/Never => Th
COULD.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 97
An My secondary school
Seldom have I seen him looking so miserable. Never in her life had she experienced this exhilarating emotion.
ổ ế ấ ướ ớ ừ ng dùng v i tính t vad “TO BE” 5. So......that => Đây là c u trúc ph bi n, th
ượ
So exciting was the soap opera, that I forgot to do my English homework. ớ => Nó có theerr đ c dùng v i much. So much did she adore John, that she would not give him up.
ớ ừ và TO BE 6. Such....that => Dùng v i danh t
Such was the popularity of the soap opera, that the streets were deserted whenever it was on.
7. Not only …. but also
Not only does she play piano well, but also she sings well
ả ệ ề ỏ 8. Đ o ng trong câu đi u ki n ( b IF)
ữ If it stops raining = Should it stp raining. If I were rich = Were I rich If he had known = Had he known
ầ ậ
Ph n bài t p Rewrite these sentences using NEVER, RARELY, SELDOM or LITTLE.
1. I have never heard such nonsense! …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Our profits this year are higher than they have ever been. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. One rarely finds good service these days. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. …………………………………………………………………………………… 6. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent. ……………………………………………………………………………………
Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT ONLY.
7. He is my friend as well as yours. …………………………………………………………………………………… 8. He booked tickets for the afternoon performance and the evening performance as well. …………………………………………………………………………………… 9. Burglars stole a thousand pounds’ worth of electrical goods, and left the flat in an awful
mess.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 10. Tony was not only late, but he had left all his books behind. …………………………………………………………………………………… 11. You will enhance your posture and improve your acting ability on this course. ……………………………………………………………………………………
Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with ONLY…./ NOT UNTIL
12. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home. …………………………………………………………………………………… 13. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat. ……………………………………………………………………………………
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 98
An My secondary school
14. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage. …………………………………………………………………………………… 15. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating. …………………………………………………………………………………… 16. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left. ……………………………………………………………………………………
Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD, WERE OR HAD
17. If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated. …………………………………………………………………………………… 18. If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final. …………………………………………………………………………………… 19. If Mr. Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior. …………………………………………………………………………………… 20. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark. …………………………………………………………………………………… 21. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earned a large salary. …………………………………………………………………………………… 22. If anything had gone wrong with my plan, I would have held responsibility.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 23. If the Government were forced into another election, it would be the favorite to win. …………………………………………………………………………………… 24. If you should wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00
and 11.00.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 25. If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. ……………………………………………………………………………………
26.If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.
……………………………………………………………………………………
Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
1. No sooner had we started the picnic.............. the rain began pouring down!
A. than B. when C. that D. and
2. Hardly....................................attack people.
A. have snakes B. do snakes C. snakes do D. snakes have
3. ______ but he also proved himself a good athlete.
A. Not only he showed himself a good student B. He did not show himself only a good student C. Not only did he show himself a good student D. A good student not only showed him
4. Not until the end of the 19th century ______ become a scientific discipline.
A. plant breeding has B. did plant breeding C. plant breeding had D. has plant breeding
5. Had she worked harder last summer, she ______.
A. wouldn't have been sacked C. wouldn't sack B. wouldn't have sacked D. wouldn't be sacked
6. ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.
A. No longer has B. No sooner had C. Not until had D. Hardly had
7. Only when you grow up ______ the truth.
A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know
8. ______, he would have learned how to read.
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 99
An My secondary school
A. If he has been able to go school as a child B. If he could go to school as a child C. Were he able to go to school as a child D. Had he been able to go to school as a child 9. _______,they would have had what they wanted.
B. Had they arrived at the fair early
A. If they arrived at the fair early C. Unless they arrived at the fair early enough D. Supposing they were arriving at the fair early
10. _______ that she burst into tears.
A. Such was her anger B. So angry she was C. She was so anger D. Such her anger was
11. No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back.
A. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone. B. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back. C. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately. D. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back.
12. Never before ______ as accelerated as they are now during the technological age.
B. have been historical changes D. historical have changes been
A. have historical changes been C. historical changes have been 13. _____ make a good impression on her.
A. Only by doing so can I B. Only so doing can I C.Only by so doing I can D. Only
by doing so I can 14. They drove fifteen miles off the main road. Also, they had nothing to eat for the day A. They drove fifteen miles off the main road until they had something to eat for the day. B. They neither drove fifteen miles off the main road nor had anything to eat for the day. C. Driving fifteen miles off the main road, they eventually had something to eat for the day. D. Not only did they drive fifteen miles off the main road, they also had nothing to eat for the day.
Ề CHUYÊN Đ 23: QUESTIONS
ầ ế
Ph n lí thuy t: I. WH QUESTIONS:
MEANINGS EXAMPLES
INTERROGATIVE WORDS
ỏ What … for? ụ h i m c đích
What + be + like? ư ế nh th nào
What do you study English for? o To get a good job. What is the weather like? o It’s sunny. What does he look like? ạ ỏ What + … + look like? h i ngo i hình o He’s tall and thin with blue
eyes.
ờ ắ , màu s c, What time is it?
What time / color / kind...? ỏ h i gi lo iạ o It’s 7 o’clock.
Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? ự Which…? ọ l a ch n o Coffee.
ệ How…? ng ti n / cách How do you go to school? o By bicycle.
ư ế nh th nào / ươ ph th cứ bao nhiêu How much / many …? How many people are there in your
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 100
An My secondary school
family?
bao nhiêu tu iổ o Four people.
How old are you? bao xa o I’m 18 years old.
How old …? How far…? bao lâu How far is it from here to the post office?
o Two kilometres. How long…? ườ th ng xuyên
How long does it take you to go to school? How often…? o 25 minutes.
How often do you go shopping?
o Twice a month. Why do you study English? ạ Why…? t i sao o Because I want to get a good
job in the future.
When…? khi nào
When were you born? o In 1993. Where do you live? Where…? đâuở o In Long Xuyen.
ừ ả ỏ ừ ặ ệ đ c bi t.
ủ ữ ẳ ị ộ hay đ ng t ượ ạ c l i.
ạ ừ ư ợ ộ nhân x ng) và tr đ ng t ở ể ủ ị ỏ th ph đ nh và ng ượ ứ ở ể ủ ị ế ế ỏ th kh ng đ nh thì câu h i đuôi ả th ph đ nh thì ph i dùng hình th c tĩnh l c (contractive form). II. TAG – QUESTIONS CÁCH THÀNH L PẬ ồ 1. Câu h i đuôi g m có: ch ng (ph i là đ i t ể ở ể 2. N u câu phát bi u 3. N u câu h i đuôi
Eg:
STATEMENTS QUESTIONTAGS
isn’t he? did she? won't they? has she?
Ặ
ủ He is a good boy, The girl didn't come here yesterday, They will go away, She hasn't left, Ệ : Đ T BI T 1. Ph n đuôi c a “ I am” là “ aren’t I “ .
ầ Eg:
I’m going to do it again, aren’t I? ệ ệ
ể l
ờ
ầ Eg: ầ ễ ả ờ ể ệ ệ ầ ặ ầ 2. Imperatives and Requests ( Câu m nh l nh và câu yêu c u): ờ ễ ả ờ + Có ph n đuôi là “won’t you?” khi câu phát bi u di n t i m i: ồ Take your seat, won’t you? (M i ông ng i) + Có ph n đuôi là “will you?” khi câu phát bi u di n t l ủ i yêu c u ho c m nh l nh ph
ở ử ễ ừ Eg: Open the door, will you? ( Xin vui lòng m c a) Don’t be late, will you? (Đ ng đi tr nha.)
ị đ nh. ầ ủ ằ 3. Ph n đuôi c a câu b t đ u b ng “ Let’s ...” : là “shall we ?”
ắ ầ Let’s go swimming, shall we? Eg:
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 101
ủ
An My secondary school ư
ầ 4. Nh ng ph n đuôi c a “Let us / Let me” là “will youNothing, anything, something,
ượ ế ằ ở everything đ c thay là th b ng “ It” ỏ câu h i đuôi:
Eg : Everything will be all right, won’t it?
cượ
ỏ 5. No one, Nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, everyone đ thay th b ng “They” trong câu h i đuôi.
Someone remembered to leave the messages, didn’t they? ượ ệ ề ộ c dùng trong m nh đ chính, đ ng t ỏ câu h i
ả ở ạ ừ ở ủ ị ẳ ị d ng th c kh ng đ nh. (Vì Nothing, Nobody, No one có nghĩa ph đ nh)
ế c thay th là “It”. ượ This won’t take long, will it? Eg: Those are nice, aren’t they?
ượ 6. This/ That đ 7. These/ Those đ 8. Khi trong câu nói có t ph đ nh nh : seldom, rarely, hardly, no, without, never,
ế ằ Eg: L u ýư : Nothing, Nobody, No one đ ứ ẽ đuôi s ph i Eg: Nothing gives you more pleasure than listening to music, does it ? Eg: ế c thay th là “They”. ư ị ả ở ạ ầ ừ ủ ị ẳ d ng kh ng đ nh.
Eg: He seldom goes to the movies, does he?
→ ỏ ạ ể ế ẽ câu h i đuôi s là : hadn’t you ?
câu h i đuôi s là : wouldn’t you ?
ỏ → ẽ ẽ câu h i đuôi s là : didn’t you ?
ễ ộ Ý nghĩa c a câu h i đuôi ph thu c vào ng đi u di n đ t nó:
ườ ố ữ ệ ự ự ặ ạ ỏ N u ta h gi ng, có nghĩa là ta th c s đ t câu h i cho ng ạ i đ i tho i và ta
ỏ ỏ ạ ọ ồ i nghe đ ng tình v i mình ố mu n ng
few, little… ph n đuôi ph i 9. N u câu phát bi u có d ng : You ‘d better ỏ You’d rather → You used to ủ Ý NGHĨA C A CÂU H I ĐUÔI: ủ ụ ế ườ ế ố ọ ườ ỏ ạ i nghe i ng
ớ ỏ N u ta lên gi ng câu h i đuôi thì ta mu n h i l : EXERCISE Task 1: Add tag questions to the following. 1/ They want to come,………………….? 2/ Elizabeth is a dentist, ……………….. ? 3/ They won’t be here, …………………? 4/ That is your umbrella, ………………….? 5/ There aren’t many people here yet, …………….. ? 6/ He has a bicycle,……………………? 7/ Peter would like to come with us to the party, ……………………..? 8/ Those aren’t Fred’s books, ………? 9/ You have never been to Paris,…………? 10/ Something is wrong with Jane today, ………… ? 11/ Everyone can learn how to swim, ……………… ? 12/ Nobody cheated in the exam, ………………….. ? 13/ Nothing went wrong while I was gone, ………… ? 14/ I am invited, ………………….? 15/ This bridge is not very safe,……………..? 16/ These sausages are delicious, …………….? 17/ You haven’t lived here long, …………? 18/ The weather forecast wasn’t very good, ……………. ? 19/ He’d better come to see me, .............. ? 20/ You need to stay longer, ................................?
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 102
An My secondary school Task 2: Choose the best option to complete the following sentences
1. I am right, _____? A. am not I B. don’t I C. aren’t I D. am I
B. did it C. doesn’t it D. didn’t it
C. do we D. will you
2. The picture cost 3,000 USD, __________ ? A. does it 3. Let’s go to the seaside, __________ ? A. do you B. shall we 4. Everything was cheap then, __________?
A. wasn’t it B. weren’t they C. isn’t it D. aren’t they
5. You have tea for breakfast, __________ you?
A. haven’t B. don’t C. won’t D have
C. is anyone D. isn’t
6. There is no one in the house, __________ ? B. is there A. isn’t there 7. He seldom goes fishing, __________?
A. doesn’t he B. is he C. does he D. isn’t he
6. He used to sell traditional handicrafts, __________?
A. hasn’t he B. didn’t he C. doesn’t he D. wasn’t he
9. She had to do the shopping for her neighbour, __________ she? B. hadn’t A. didn’t C. does D. isn’t
10. Linda never goes to school late, __________ she ?
A. does B. doesn’t D. won’t
B. haven’t they C. do they D. don’t they
A. didn't he C. won't he D. hasn’t he
C. will 11. Everyone has equal rights under the law, __________ ? A. have they 12. Paco believes in ghosts, _________ ? B. doesn't he 13. He isn't going to like this, ______? B. did he A. didn't he C. won't he D. is he
B. am not I C. aren’t I D. is you
14. I’m not allowed to go to the movies, ___? A. am I 15. She isn’t watching television, ___? A. isn’t she B. is she C. has she D. she has
Ề CHUYÊN Đ 24: PHONETICS
ầ
ế Ph n lí thuy t I. SOUNDS
1. How To Pronounce “ED”: / id / / t / / d /
……… t, d ch, p, k, sh, s, f, x
/ t(cid:0) / , /p/, /k/, /(cid:0) /,/ s/, /f /
wanted, decided stopped, kicked, laughed, missed, loved, delivered
watched, washed, fixed
2. How To Pronounce “S”, “ES”:
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 103
An My secondary school
/ iz /
/ z / ……… ce, ge, ch, x, sh, s, z / s / p, t, k, f, gh, th
/ p, t, k, f, O / /ks, s, z, dz, t(cid:0) , (cid:0) /
boxes , misses , lamps , laughs , teachers , studies ,
quizzes,practices changes , bookssits , months explains schools
watches , washes
II.STRESS
STRESS
ơ ọ SYLLABLES ee eer ese EXAMPLES degree, referee engineer, 1. Tr ng âm r i vào các
pioneer ain aire ique h u tậ ố
Vietnamese, Japanese
contain,remain
millionaire, questionaire
ơ ọ technique, unique protection, condition 2. Tr ng âm r i vào âm tion sion ic
decision, impression ậ ố ti ế ướ t tr c các h u t ical ian ity itive – logy
economic, scientific /graphy
political, electrical
musician, politician
necessity, ability
sensitive, competitive
psychology, geography
ườ ề ố un, im, in, ir, dis, 3. Th ng thì g c t ố ừ Ti n t : danger / dangerous /
non, en, re, over, under ọ mang tr ng âm khi thêm endanger
ộ ố ề ố ậ ố ful, less, able, al, m t s ti n t và h u t ậ ố , H u t :
ọ ous, ly, er, ize, en, ment, ness, ổ tr ng âm ko đ i happy / happiness
ship, hood
Exercise1: Choose the word whose inderlined part is pronounced differently from the rest
1. A. proofs 2. A. asks 3. A. sees 4. A. tombs 5. A. books B. books B. breathes B. sports B. lamps B. floors C. points C. breaths C. pools C. brakes C. combs D. days D. hopes D. trains D. invites D. drums
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 104
An My secondary school
D. cooks D. cuts D. forests D. finds D. thinks
D. raised
D. looked D. hoped D. dead D. weak
B. tapes B. begins B. grounds B. laughs B. fathers B. stopped B. helped B. laughed B.parked B. passed B. prepared B. lasted B. changed B. entertained B. looked B. scream B. beat B. appear B. clear B. threaten B. tea B. knowledge B. great B. power C. rides C. helps C. concentrates C. cooks C. dreams C. Forced D. wanted C. forced C. moved D.stepped C. stopped D.watched D. placed C. suggested C. involved D. liked C. happened D. decided C. formed D. viewed C. reached C. missed C. meat C. break C. measure D. pleasure C. real C. healthy C. season C. slowly C. team C. town D. gear D. great D. ocean D. following D. deal D. how
C. allow C. crowd C. crown C. borrow C. moon C. foot C. how C. nine D. grow D. bellow D. know D. blow D. soon D. flood D. show D. wine
B. throw B. crown B. show B. allow B. mood B. roof B. flow B. thing B. resume C. pressure D. enthusiasm
6. A. cats 7. A. walks 8. A. shoots 9. A. helps 10. A. hours 11. A. worked 12. A. kissed 13. A. looked 14. A. wanted 15. A. laughed 16. A.believed 17. A.lifted 18. A. collected 19. A. walked 20. A.admired 21. A. heat 22. A. tease 23. A. weather 24. A. wear 25. A. breath 26. A. reach 27. A. swallow 28. A. peace 29. A. slow 30. A. leader B. instead C. deafness D. headache 31. A. blow 32. A. down 33. A. growth 34. A. follow 35. A. blood 36. A. good 37. A. window 38. A. find 39. A. future 40. A. machine B. chemistry C. architect D. Christmas
Ề CHUYÊN Đ 25: WORD – FORMATION
Ậ Ạ Ừ Ộ Ố
: A M T S CÁCH THÀNH L P LO I T : I DANH T : Ừ 1) Ti n t
ạ ướ ầ ệ ề ố SUPER/UNDER/SUR/SUB/OVER + N > N underachievement đ t d subway tàu đi n ng m ề ặ ứ surface b m t i m c overexpenditure chi tiêu quá
2) H u t :
supermarket siêu thị superman siêu nhân ậ ố a) V + ION/TION/ATION/ITION/SION > N
ự ự ả ồ addition s thêm vào produc ấ ả tion s n xu t conservation s b o t n
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 105
ự ễ i permission s cho phép ự pollution s ô nhi m
An My secondary school ự ặ ạ repetition s l p l b) V + MENT/ANCE/ENCE/AGE/ING/AL > N
ự difference s khác nhau
ệ ự ế ự ế employment vi c làm marriage s k t hôn ặ ự attendance s có m t ệ ơ ộ i swimming vi c b i l arrival s đ n
c) V + ER/OR/ANT/EE/ > N
driver tài x ế
ườ ỏ ệ ấ c ph ng v n applic i xin vi c employee ng ễ actor di n viên nam ườ ượ i đ ee ng ế accountant k toán ườ ant ng
i làm thuêinterview d) N + IST/AN/IAN/ESS > N
ậ ỹ i M
physicist nhà v t lý ữ ễ actress n di n viên ườ American ng ạ musician nh c sĩ ủ ư librarian th th scientist nhà khoa h c ọ
e) ADJ + Y/ITY/NESS/ISM/DOM/ SHIP > N
ự ạ
ự ự responsibility trách nhi m ệ ư ả freedom s t do b n happiness s h nh phúc friendship tình b n ạ
difficulty khó khăn ủ capitalism ch nghĩa t 3) THE + ADJ > NOUN
the poor, the blind, the deaf, the old, the sick, the weak, the unemployed, the disabled, the dead, the young…
Ừ
Ộ II Đ NG T : ề ố 1) Ti n t :
ầ ồ
ể ẻ ơ redo làm l ặ a) DIS/MIS/RE/OVER/UNDER/OUT + V > V ơ misunderstand hi u nh m disagree kh ng đ ng ý undersell bán r h n ấ overcook n u quá chín i ạ ơ outweigh n ng h n
endanger gây nguy hi m ể enrich làm giàu
2) H u t :
ệ ộ ồ b) EN + N/V/Adj > V enable làm cho cĩ th ể ậ ố Adj/N + IZE/EN/ATE/FY > V industrialize Công nghi p hóa widen làm r ng ra
ắ originate b t ngu n ạ ệ lighten làm nh đi ẹ modernize hi n đ i hóa
ề ố UN/IN/IM/IR/IL/DIS + Adj > Adj
inexact không chính xác ợ illogical không h p lý : unlucky không may irregular không có qui t c ắ impossible không th ể dishonest
:
childlike nh con nít treeless không có cây
peaceful hòa bình
ư rainy có m aư scientific khoa h c ọ successful thành công
ể ấ ậ ấ ẫ ể ả
ượ ể beautify làm đ p ẹ III TÍNH T : Ừ 1) Ti n t không trung th c ự ậ ố 2) H u t a) N + LY/LIKE/LESS/ISH/Y/FUL/AL/IC/ > Adj ằ daily h ng ngày selfish ích k ỷ agricultural nông nghi p ệ b) V/N + IVE/ABLE/IBLE > Adj attractive h p d n eatable có th ăn đ ệ defensible có th b o v ể ể comprehensible có th hi u
acceptable có th ch p nh n ộ active năng đ ng c Ừ: Ph n l n: ầ ớ Adj + LY > Adv ậ ộ ộ
Ạ IV TR NG T ộ ạ carefully m t cách c n th n Slowly m t cách ch m ch p Ạ Ừ Ậ Ộ Ố Ấ ậ ƯỜ Ệ safely m t cách an tòan Ặ ẩ B. M T S C U TRÚC NH N DI N LO I T TH NG G P:
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 106
An My secondary school
+ (ADJ) + N
1 SUBJECT + BE / LINKING VERBS + ADJ (verbs: become, look, sem, turns out, find, make, set, keep ...) 2 SUBJECT + VERB + ADV 3. a/ an/ the/ this/ that… my/ her/ his…/ Mary’s many/ some/ a lot of…
ườ ừ ỉ ự ng, tu i tác + (adj) Ex: She is a beautiful girl. ch s đo l
ổ Ex: This table is two meters long. He’s twenty years old.
Ex: We should keep our room clean.
ạ ừ ấ ị b t đ nh (something, someone, anything, anybody, everything, nobody…) +
Ex: Do you have anything important to tell me?
4. Danh t 5. V (MAKE, KEEP, FIND…) + O + ADJ 6. Đ i t ADJ 7. ADV + ADJ
Ex: Your story is very interesting.
Exercise: Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Your new dress makes you more _____________. (beauty) 2. You should do these exercises _____________. (quick) 3. The industrial __________ will lead to the country’s prosperity. (develop) 4. Some large cities have had measures to minimize air ____________. (pollute) 5. I will come to the party because I accept the _______________. (invite) 6. The ___________ of the Hollywood actor, Jimmy Halton, was announced last night. (die) 7. This company offered a lot of __________ jobs. (attract) 8. We often go to the theater at weekends for ____________. (entertain) 9. He is a famous……………………. (act) 10. You must ................................. the answer you choose. (dark) 11. We have a lot of …………..............……….……… in learning English. (difficult) 12. I felt very …………..............……… when I was a member of our school team. (excite) 13. He speaks English ..................................... (fluency) 14. We are very proud of our………..............………. (friend) 15. He does exercise every morning, so he is very…………..............……….……… (health) 16. Her parents’ …………..............……….……… makes her very sad. (ill) 17. News on TV is very ...................... (inform) 18. What is his ............................? (nation) 19. Everybody loves ................................ beauty. (nature) 20. It is cloudy and .......................... today. (rain)
Multiple choice
1. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.
a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically
2. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible
3. Many Vietnamese people ______ their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 107
An My secondary school
a. sacrifice b. sacrificed c. sacrificial d. sacrificially
4. They had a ______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.
a. romance b. romantic c. romantically d. romanticize
5. She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.
a. polite b. politely c. politeness d. impoliteness
6. As an _______, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency.
a. educate b. education c. educator d. educative
7. He was the only _______ that was offered the job.
a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying
8. Many people have objected to the use of animals in _____ experiments.
a. science b. Scientist c. scientific d. scientifically
d. Unemployed
9. _______ is increasing, which results from economic crisis. a. Employment b. Unemployment c. Employ 10. _______! I have heard of your success in the new project.
a. Congratulate b. Congratulating c. Congratulation d. Congratulations
11. A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment
12. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.
a. extinct b. extinction c. extinctive d. extinctly
13. They are going to _______ the pool to 1.8 meter.
a. deep b. depth c. deepen d. deeply
14. The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _______.
a. penalty b. penalize c. penal d. penalization
15. The referee's _______ is the most important in any sport competition.
a. decide b. decisive d. decider
c. decision 16. Johnny used to be one of the most _______ athletes in my country.
a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully
17. The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many _______ volunteers.
a. support b. supporter c. supportive d. supportively
18. He was so _______ that he could not even say a word.
a. nerve b. nerves d. nervously
c. nervous 19. I am really _______ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves. d. interestingly a. interest b. interested c. interesting
20. Thanks to laborsaving devices, women have more time to take part in _______ activities.
a. society b. social c. socially d. socialize
Exercise 2: Choose the word whose main stress is pronounced differently from the rest
1. A. pollute 2. A. mechanic 3. A. compulsory 4. A. nursery 5. A. curriculum 6. A. apology 7. A. interview 8. A. certificate 9. A. scientific 10. A. especially B. contractual B. military B. intensity B. focus B. kindergarten B. industrial B. certificate B. apartment B. availlable B. comfortably C. reject C. apologize C. kidding C. delicate C. contaminate C. industry C. applicant C. individual C. suspicious C. carefully D. marvellous D. miraculous D. invaluable D. secure D. conventional D. disaster D. primary D. biology D. supportive D. possibly
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 108
An My secondary school 11. A. importance 12. A. aspect 13. A. terrific 14. A. recognize 15. A. continent 16. A. appalling 17. A. policeman 18. A. competition 19. A. accountant 20. A. Attention
B. subtraction B. careful B. applicant B. challenge B. belong B. ashamed B. cinema B. intelligent B. Arabic B. interesting C. algebra C. require C. banking C. symbolize C. master C. November C. overcoat C. automation C. Germany C. Influence D. example D. successful D. ignorant D. continue D. access D. architect D. politics D. information D. chemistry D. television
SOUNDS AND STRESS
Ữ
(cid:0) ườ ợ ừ ố ặ ộ ề ừ ng h p danh t ề s nhi u nhi u ho c đ ng t A. PHONETICS SOUNDS (NG ÂM) 1. SOUNDS CÁCH PHÁT ÂM "S" CU IỐ : trong tr
s ít.ố
ụ /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,/(cid:0) /,/h/ / s /
ụ ữ ặ s, x, z, /z/, /s/, /dz/, / t∫/, / ∫ /, /z/. Ho c các ch cái:
/ iz /
ạ
gs , kids , days … ư ạ ệ ầ ữ ớ ườ ộ ng ch s phát âm /s/, nh ng có nh ng ngo i l c n nh :
ừ ọ ữ Khi đi sau các ph âm câm (voiceless consonants): Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books... ộ Khi đi sau m t ph âm rít : ch, sh, ce, ge. Ex: washes , kisses , oranges….. Không thu c hai lo i trên. Ex: ba ữ :busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose,
sugar,sure ọ '∫/ sau các t
/ z / ệ ọ Ng ai l : bình th Ch s đ c /z /sau các t reason, preserve, poison.. ừ ữ Ch s đ c / Exercise: 1. A. proofs 2. A. asks 3. A. sees 4. A. tombs 5. A. books 6. A. cats 7. A. walks 8. A. shoots 9. A. helps 10. A. hours 11. A. beds 12. A. arms 13. A. boxes 14. A. relieves B. books B. breathes B. sports B. lamps B. floors B. tapes B. begins B. grounds B. laughs B. fathers B. doors B. suits B. classes B. invents C. points C. breaths C. pools C. brakes C. combs C. rides C. helps C. concentrates C. cooks C. dreams C. plays C. chairs C. potatoes C. buys D. days D. hopes D. trains D. invites D. drums D. cooks D. cuts D. forests D. finds D. thinks D. students D. boards D. finishes D. deals
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 109
D. tasks D. focuses D. costumes D. swords D. names D. Plays C. kills C. preserves C. assures C. pollens C. accidents C. minds (cid:0) : Đây là hình th c Past tensen và Past participle:
ữ ườ ứ ng sau ch t, d
: .Ex: wanted; decided / ho c cặ hữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch :
ợ ừ ườ ng h p trên : Ex: mov ed; played;
ừ ượ c phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, : sau đ ệ Đuôi ed trong các tính t
C. forced C. forced C. cried C. provided C. occupied C. liked C. distinguished C. wasted C. shouted C. absored C. celebrated C. hoped C. moved C. stopped C. suggested C. involved C. happened C. formed C. reached C. missed D. wanted D. raised D. defined D. wished D. coughed D. watched D. managed D. risked D. surrounded D. solved D. díplayed D. missed D.stepped D.watched D. placed D. liked D. decided D. viewed D. looked D. hoped
Ụ
D. dead
An My secondary school B. heals 15. A. dreams B. stages 16. A. resources B. whistles 17. A. carriages B. mounts 18. A. offers B. words 19. A. miles B. households 20. A. sports CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CU IỐ 1. “ed ” pronounced as / id /: sau / t, d / : Th 2. “ed ” pronounced as / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,(cid:0) Ex: asked; stopped; laughed... 3. “ed ” pronounced as / d / : Tr 2 tr raised. ọ Ng ai l blessed, naked. Exercise: B. stopped 1. A. worked B. helped 2. A. kissed B. faced 3. A. confused B. suggested 4. A. devoted B. crashed 5. A. catched B. missed 6. A. agreed B. pleased 7. A. measured B. routed 8. A. wounded B. pointed 9. A. imprisoned B. reached 10. A. a.failed B. attended 11. A. invited B. washed 12. A removed B. laughed 13. A. looked B.parked 14. A. wanted B. passed 15. A. laughed B. prepared 16. A.believed B. lasted 17. A.lifted B. changed 18. A. collected B. entertained 19. A. walked 20. A.admired B. looked Ề Ậ BÀI T P V CÁC NGUYÊN ÂM VÀ CÁC PH ÂM KHÁC: B. scream 1. A. heat B. teacher 2. A. breakfast B. other 3. A. thrilling B. going 4. A. idea B. place 5. A. face B. garden 6. A. Germany B. Christ 7. A. scholarship
C. meat C. east D. please C. through D. something C. will D. trip C. prepared D. days C. gate D. gas C. school D. chicken
Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 110
ọ C. hour D. husband C. however D. heat C. mean D. weather C. child D. chair C. teacher D. champagne C. mean D. each C. mention D. fiction C. large D. again C. machine D. church C. writing D. written C. are D. declare C. identity D. early C. each D. chemistry t tr ng âm: ậ ố B. harm B. exhausted B. ready B. cheap B. child B. clear B. question B. good B. children B. writer B. rare B. university B. achieve ể ắ ơ ả ề ố ng ít r i vào các ti n t ậ ế ọ (prefix) và h u t (suffix):
ộ ố ườ like, unhappy, uncertain, disappointed, unashamed, forefather. ... ạ ệ 'foresight , 'forecast , 'unkeep , 'upland , 'surname , 'subway .... :
An My secondary school 8. A. house 9. A. hundred 10. A. head 11. A. choir 12. A. charge 13. A. reason 14. A. motion 15. A. gather 16. A. change 17. A. write 18. A. share 19. A. apply 20. A. choice 2. STRESS M t s quy t c c b n đ nh n bi ơ 1/ Tr ng âm th ví d : dis ụ * Ngo i l ậ ố ướ D i đây là vài h u t ậ
ả ậ
ự
ự ố ư ệ
ủ ộ ắ ỗ
ườ
ổ ấ ấ ủ ừ ố g c không thay đ i d u nh n c a t ấ V + al: ap'prove (ch p thu n) => ap'proval ự V + y: de'liver (giao hàng)=> de'livery (s giao hàng). V + age: pack (đóng gói) => 'package (b u ki n) ể V + ing: under'stand (hi u) => under'standing adj + ness: 'bitter (đ ng) => 'bitterness (n i cay đ ng)ắ
V + ment: ag'ree (tho thu n) =>ag'reement ố V + ance: re'sist (ch ng c ) =>re'sistance ự (s ch ng c ) V + er: em'ploy (thuê làm) => em'ployer (ch lao đ ng) V + or: in'vent (phát minh) => in'ventor V + ar: beg (van xin) => 'beggar (ng i ăn xin)
ặ ắ ơ ọ ườ ơ ng r i vào nguyên âm kép ho c dài, ít r i vào nguyên âm ng n
ư
:
ộ ườ ườ ừ ừ v a là danh t ơ ơ ng r i vào âm ti ng r i vào âm ti ầ ừ hai v n v a là đ ng t ọ ừ tr ng âm th ọ : ừ tr ng âm th ừ thì: ế ứ . t th 2 ế ứ . t th 1
ạ ệ
ộ ầ ướ ườ c các h u t (suffixes : 'promise (n), (v)... ơ tr ng r i vào ) sau đây m t v n : ION, IC, IAL ,
2/ Nói chung, tr ng âm th nh /∂/ hay /i/ * EX:a'bandon , 'pleasure , a'ttract , co'rrect , per'fect , in'side , 'sorry , 'rather , pro'duct , for'get , de'sign , en'joy. ộ ừ 3/ M t t ộ Đ ng t Danh t EX: 'rebell(n), re'bell(v), export, import, increase, object, perfect, permit, present, produce, record, refuse... * Ngo i l ậ ố ọ 4/ Tr ng âm th ICAL, UAL, ITY, IA, LOGY, IAN, IOUS, EOUS , IENCE, IENT, GRAPHY , NOMY , METRY. EX: 'vision, uni'versity, phy'sician, li'brarian, Ca'nadian, Au'stralian, ex'perience,
im'patience, edu'cation, a'bility, elec'tricity, bi'ology, psy'chology, Au'stralia, 'Austria, 'Asia, ge'ography, pho'tography, e'ssential, ha'bitual, me'chanical, mathe'matical, po'litical, de'licious, pho'netics, scien'tific, ge'ometry, a'stronomy... ừ (exceptions): 'lunatic, a'rithmetic, 'politics, 'Arabic, 'television... ạ Ngo i Tr Compiled by NguyenVan Thieu 111
ầ ọ ơ ố các v n cu i sau đây : ADE, OO, OON, EE, EEN, EER, ESE,
ạ ệ : 'centigrade , 'coffee , co'mmittee , 'cukoo , 'teaspoon…
D. marvellous D. miraculous D. invaluable D. secure D. conventional D. disaster D. primary D. biology D. supportive D. possibly D. example D. successful D. ignorant D. continue D. access D. architect D. politics D. information D. chemistry D. television C. reject C. apologize C. kidding C. delicate C. contaminate C. industry C. applicant C. individual C. suspicious C. carefully C. algebra C. require C. banking C. symbolize C. master C. November C. overcoat C. automation C. Germany C. Influence
B. contractual B. military B. intensity B. focus B. kindergarten B. industrial B. certificate B. apartment B. availlable B. comfortably B. subtraction B. careful B. applicant B. challenge B. belong B. ashamed B. cinema B. intelligent B. Arabic B. interesting Ữ
An My secondary school 5) Tr ng âm r i vào AIRE, SELF, ETTE, ESQUE . Ex: bamboo, millionaire, engineer, themselves, saloon, balloon, thirteen, Vietnamese, employee, agree, picturesque, Cartoon, guarantee, kangaroo, typhoon... *Ngo i l Exercise: 1. a. pollute 2. A. mechanic 3. A. compulsory 4. A. nursery 5. A. curriculum 6. A. apology 7. A. interview 8. A. certificate 9. A. scientific 10. A. especially 11. A. importance 12. A. aspect 13. A. terrific 14. A. recognize 15. A. continent 16. A. appalling 17. A. policeman 18. A. competition 19. A. accountant 20. A. Attention A. PHONETICS (NG ÂM)
1. SOUNDS
Ụ Ậ Ề
ắ ơ ả ể ế ọ ộ ố ậ t tr ng âm
CU IỐ CÁCH PHÁT ÂM "S" 1. D. 2. B. 3. B. 4. A. 5. A. 6. C. 7. B. 8. B. 9. D. 10. D. 11. D. 12. B. 13. C. 14. B. 15. D. 16. C. 17. A. 18. B. 19. C. 20. A. CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CU IỐ : 1. D. 2. D. 3. B. 4. D. 5. C. 6. A. 7. C. 8. D. 9. A. 10. B. 11. D. 12. A 13. C. 14. A. 15. C. 16. D. 17. C. 18. A. 19. B. 20. A. BÀI T P V CÁC NGUYÊN ÂM VÀ CÁC PH ÂM KHÁC : 1. D. 2. A. 3.B. 4. A. 5.C. 6.A. 7. D. 8.C. 9.B. 10.C 11. A. 12. D. 13. B. 14. B. 15.C. 16.C. 17.D. 18.C. 19. A. 20. D. 2. STRESS M t s quy t c c b n đ nh n bi 1. D. 2. B. 3. C 4. D. 5. B. 6. C. 7. B. 8. C 9. A. 10. A. 11. C. 12. B. 13. A. 14. D. 15. B. 16. C. 17. A. 18. B. 19. A. 20. A.

