Một số đặc điểm về ngôn ngữ và lời nói của trẻ bại não được điều trị và theo dõi tại Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Nghệ An năm 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder globally, profoundly impacting motor function and often leading to various secondary impairments. Among these, language and speech difficulties are critical, significantly hindering a child's ability to communicate, learn, and integrate socially. Understanding these specific communication challenges is paramount for developing effective early intervention strategies and improving quality of life. This study aims to investigate the distinct language and speech characteristics observed in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who are currently receiving treatment and monitoring at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital in 2024, thereby contributing valuable data to the field of speech-language therapy.

Clinicians (pediatricians, neurologists, rehabilitation specialists), speech-language therapists, special education professionals, and researchers focused on child development and neurodisabilities.

Cerebral palsy (CP) presents a complex array of challenges for affected children, with language and speech impairments being among the most significant. These communication difficulties not only impede daily interaction but also limit educational opportunities and social participation, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive assessment and targeted speech-language therapy. This cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital from March to September 2024, involved 34 children with CP to thoroughly examine their language and speech characteristics. The cohort had an average age of 43.13 months, with a male predominance. Key findings reveal substantial communication deficits across the board. Specifically, 88.24% of children demonstrated difficulties in both receptive and expressive language, with 41.18% unable to follow instructions and 47.06% incapable of producing single words. Furthermore, all participants (100%) exhibited limited phonemic repertoire and reduced speech intelligibility, with nearly half (44.12%) having incomprehensible speech. The study also revealed that a significant majority (88.24%) presented with combined language and speech difficulties, and critically, children with more severe CP levels experienced greater challenges (p<0.05). These results underscore the high prevalence and severity of communication disorders in children with CP, emphasizing the necessity of early and individualized speech-language therapy interventions. The findings provide crucial insights for clinicians, therapists, and educators to develop more effective diagnostic tools and therapeutic programs tailored to the unique needs of this vulnerable population, ultimately enhancing their communicative abilities and overall developmental outcomes.