Quản lý bệnh đái tháo đường thai kỳ tại Bệnh viện Thành phố Thủ Đức, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) poses a significant challenge to maternal and fetal health globally, increasing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term health complications for both mother and child. With its rising prevalence, effective management strategies are crucial for improving clinical outcomes. This study addresses this critical need by evaluating the management outcomes of GDM during the prenatal period at Thu Duc City Hospital. By assessing current practices, this research aims to identify strengths and areas for improvement in GDM care, contributing valuable insights to optimize healthcare delivery for pregnant women. The findings will underscore the importance of comprehensive GDM management in a clinical setting.

Healthcare professionals (obstetricians, endocrinologists, general practitioners), public health practitioners, hospital administrators, policymakers in maternal and child health, and researchers focusing on gestational diabetes management.

This cross-sectional study comprehensively evaluated the management outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at Thu Duc City Hospital, reviewing 217 medical records from May 2023 to May 2024. The research aimed to assess the effectiveness of current prenatal GDM care. Key findings indicate a robust initial screening and record-keeping system: 94.5% of pregnant women underwent timely GDM screening, 100% had established management records, and 91.7% utilized blood glucose monitoring sheets, with 88.9% fully documented. Initial interventions were promptly applied, with 91.2% receiving dietary adjustments and 85.7% modifying their exercise regimens within the first two weeks. For the 16.1% who did not achieve adequate glycemic control, 97.1% were provided with GDM-specific meal plans, and all received appropriate medications, though only 17.1% obtained exercise support tools. Monitoring compliance was high, with 96.3% completing initial two-week monitoring and 75.1% undergoing blood glucose tests at recommended intervals throughout pregnancy. All patients received counseling sheets. Overall, 95.9% of patients maintained controlled blood sugar levels throughout their pregnancy. Related complications included fetal macrosomia (3.3%), pre-eclampsia (2.2%), preterm birth (3.8%), polyhydramnios (8.8%), and urinary tract infections (6.0%). Despite these positive GDM management outcomes, the study identified limitations, particularly in the quality of health education and the extent of dietary and physical activity adjustments. The findings highlight the critical need for hospitals to enhance counseling and dietary management practices. This research provides valuable data for optimizing GDM care, informing policy, and improving clinical guidelines, ultimately enhancing maternal and fetal health.