Assessing economic efficiency and impacts of global warming, acidification, eutrophication of rice production in Lung Ngoc Hoang nature reserve, Hau Giang province

AGU International Journal of Sciences – 2019, Vol 7 (3), 65 – 74<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ASSESSING ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND IMPACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING,<br /> ACIDIFICATION, EUTROPHICATION OF RICE PRODUCTION IN LUNG NGOC<br /> HOANG NATURE RESERVE, HAU GIANG PROVINCE<br /> <br /> Lam Kim Nhung1, Truong Hoang Dan2<br /> 1<br /> Nam Can Tho University<br /> 2<br /> Can Tho University<br /> <br /> Information: ABSTRACT<br /> Received: 03/12/2017<br /> This study uses the data collected from a household survey on 100 farmers<br /> Accepted: 06/12/2018<br /> in Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature reserve. Economic efficiency in the present<br /> Published: 11/2019<br /> study was estimated from stochastic profit frontier function. Farm<br /> Keywords: household makes an average profit of about 18,33 and 8,02 million dongs in<br /> Economic efficiency, Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn crop, respectively. The average<br /> Environmental impacts, Life economic efficiency level was 58,51% and 47,38% in Winter-Spring and<br /> Cycle Assessment, Lung Ngoc Summer-Autumn crop, respectively. The efficiency level largely varied<br /> Hoang, Stochastic profit<br /> frontier function. across farms due to the big gap in farming techniques and the ability of<br /> choosing optimal inputs across farms. The life cycle assessment method<br /> (LCA) was used to assess the environmental impact. The results showed that<br /> the impact of global warming in the production of one kilogram of rice was<br /> largely due to CH4 emissions from rice soil (94,19%). The use of fertilizer<br /> caused the most acidified (94,94%) and eutrophicated (98,03%).<br /> <br /> <br /> 1. INTRODUCTION approach rather than the decentralized approach<br /> Wetlands play a vital role as trapping with greater involvement of the local<br /> pollutants, toxic substances or general wastes community in the management process. Lack of<br /> from human activities, providing favorable cooperation from the local people in the<br /> breeding grounds for a variety of aquatic management process harms the local<br /> species, as well as contributing many other communities living in nature reserves, and also<br /> benefits to the lives of the local people. About arises conflicts for the use of wetland resources,<br /> one-fifth of Vietnam population live in wetland which leads to restrict the efficiency of<br /> areas and directly depend on the wetlands for conservation activities. Based on those<br /> their livelihood, mainly for rice cultivation. As backgrounds, the study was conducted to<br /> a result, wetland conservation and management determine the effects of input factors on profit,<br /> cannot be separated from community economic efficiency and estimate the impact of<br /> development (Gill & Lý Minh Đăng, 2008). global warming, acidification, eutrophication of<br /> However, The wetland management system in rice production in Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature<br /> Vietnam is characterized by a top-down reserve. The research results partly form the<br /> basis for managers to develop community-<br /> <br /> <br /> 65<br /> AGU International Journal of Sciences – 2019, Vol 7 (3), 65 – 74<br /> <br /> based biodiversity conservation policies and assumed to be independently. Where, vi,<br /> develop sustainable rice farming livelihoods in distributed N(0, σv2), is a two-sided error term,<br /> Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature Reserve. and ui > 0 is a one-sided error term and a half-<br /> 2. METHODOLOGY normal distribution (u~ |N(0, σu2)|). The<br /> parameter gamma (