PGS.TS. Nguyễn Trung Nhân
ntnhan@hcmus.edu.vn
Trường Đại Học Khoa học Tự nhiên
Khoa Hóa Học – Bộ môn Hóa Học Hữu cơ
HÓA HỌC HỮU CƠ
2
CHƯƠNG 6 – HỢP CHẤT HALOGEN –
PHẢN ỨNG THẾ VÀ PHẢN ỨNG KHỬ
3
4
5
6.1. Phản ứng thế thân hạch (nucleophilic substitution)
Xét phản ứng thế thân hạch thông thường. Ethyl bromide
(bromoethane) phản ứng với ion hydroxide tạo thành
ethyl alcohol và ion bromide.
(6.1)
Ion hydroxide là tác nhân thân hạch (nucleophile). Ion này
phản ứng với chất nền (substrate) (ethyl bromide) và thay
thế ion bromide. Ion bromide được gọi là nhóm xuất
(leaving group).
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