ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Instructors: Dr. Lê & Dr. Nguyễn Đăng Khoa
Office: 211B2
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Email: lvha@hcmut.edu.vn
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Main compiler: Prof. Dr. Phan Thanh Sơn Nam
Ho Chi Minh University of Technology VNU HCMC
Department of Chemical Engineering
Division of Organic Chemistry
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CHAPTER 2 ELECTRONIC & STERIC EFFECTS
Conjugation
Steric Electronic
Inductive Hyperconjugation
Effects
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Inductive effect I
C-C bond in butane: almost non-polar
-
+
'+
''+
'''+
C-C bond in 1-florobutane: polarized
Inductive effect (I): the movement of electron density of s-bond based
one the difference in electronegativity of atoms bonded together. This
polarization of the bond causes the appearance of partial charges + δ
and − δ.
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và những nhóm mang điện tích
dương, ví dụ -N+H3
và những nhóm mang điện
tích âm, ví dụ -O-
Inductive effect I
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-CH3: +I
-Cl: -I -CH2CH2CH3: +I
-COOH: -I
-C(CH3)3: +I
-NO2: -I
-CH3: +I
-C(+): -I
+I -I -I
+I
+I+I
+I
-I
-I