Đánh giá kiến thức tự chăm sóc ở người bệnh loét dạ dày tá tràng tại Khoa Nội Tiêu hóa, Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Nam Định

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) represents a significant global health challenge, impacting a substantial portion of the population and frequently leading to severe complications if not adequately managed. Effective self-care practices are paramount for patients to control their condition, prevent recurrence, and enhance overall treatment outcomes and quality of life. However, the extent to which patients understand these crucial self-care principles remains a critical area for investigation. This study aims to assess the self-care knowledge levels among patients with peptic ulcers receiving inpatient treatment at the Gastroenterology Department of Nam Dinh Provincial General Hospital, highlighting the current state of patient understanding.

Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses and gastroenterologists, public health researchers, and educators involved in patient care and disease management for gastrointestinal conditions.

This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the self-care knowledge of 50 peptic ulcer patients hospitalized in Nam Dinh Provincial General Hospital, utilizing convenience sampling and a self-administered questionnaire. The demographic profile revealed a higher prevalence among male patients, with an average age of 54.3 years. Key findings indicated significant gaps in patient knowledge regarding various aspects of peptic ulcer management. A considerable number of patients, 36%, identified the use of painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs as a cause. However, only 40% recognized key symptoms like vomiting blood or black stools during gastrointestinal bleeding, and awareness of complications such as bleeding and pyloric stenosis was limited to 28% and 26% of patients, respectively. Knowledge about dietary management during bleeding (10%) and hemostasis (18%) stages, as well as specific foods to avoid (24%), was notably low. While over 50% of patients understood rest regimes, a striking 58% demonstrated incorrect knowledge concerning follow-up schedules. Overall, the assessment concluded that self-care knowledge among peptic ulcer patients was limited, with 62% categorized as having poor knowledge, 22% with average, and only 16% with good knowledge. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted educational interventions by healthcare providers, particularly nurses, to improve patients' understanding of self-care, thereby empowering them to better manage their condition, prevent complications, and enhance long-term health outcomes.