Tuân thủ điều trị tăng huyết áp và các yếu tố liên quan tại Trung tâm Y tế thị xã Ngã Năm, tỉnh Sóc Trăng năm 2024

Hypertension is a prevalent global health concern, posing significant risks for cardiovascular events and other complications. In Vietnam, particularly in rural settings like Soc Trang Province, the burden of this chronic disease is substantial, yet access to adequate healthcare and effective management can be limited. A cornerstone of successful hypertension management is strong treatment adherence, encompassing not only medication but also crucial lifestyle modifications. However, adherence rates are often suboptimal and vary across patient populations, leading to poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Understanding the current status and associated factors influencing treatment adherence among outpatients with hypertension is therefore vital for developing targeted interventions and improving public health strategies. This study addresses this critical gap by investigating adherence rates and their determinants in a specific community setting.

Healthcare professionals, policymakers, public health researchers, and medical educators involved in hypertension management and chronic disease care.

This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of treatment adherence and its associated factors among 350 outpatients with hypertension receiving care at Nga Nam Medical Center, Soc Trang Province, in 2024. Participants' medication adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), while overall treatment adherence was defined by meeting at least four out of five criteria, including medication use and lifestyle modifications (diet, non-smoking, restricted alcohol consumption, blood pressure monitoring, and physical activity). The findings revealed that the overall treatment adherence rate was moderate at 56.6%. Specifically, medication adherence was low at 47.42%, and adherence to physical activity was notably poor at 12.0%, despite higher rates for diet, non-smoking, restricted alcohol consumption, and blood pressure monitoring. Multivariate analysis identified several significant associated factors: female gender (aOR=1.62) and the absence of comorbidity (OR=1.84) were positively associated with adherence, suggesting these groups tend to adhere better. Conversely, advanced age (aOR=0.74) and prolonged duration of hypertension (aOR=0.63) were found to reduce adherence rates, indicating that older patients and those with longer disease histories struggle more. The study concludes that interventions should prioritize males, elderly patients, and individuals with long-standing hypertension to enhance their treatment adherence and mitigate disease progression, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies beyond just medication.