Tuân thủ điều trị tăng huyết áp ở người bệnh ngoại trú: Kết quả từ Bệnh viện Đa khoa huyện Yên Phong, tỉnh Bắc Ninh

Hypertension is a prevalent global health issue, recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with its incidence steadily rising in developing nations such as Vietnam. This condition poses a substantial public health burden, leading to severe complications, morbidity, and mortality, impacting quality of life and imposing considerable societal costs. The World Health Organization estimates that 9.4 million deaths annually are attributed to hypertension, a figure projected to increase to 1.56 billion affected individuals by 2025. In Vietnam, the prevalence of hypertension is alarming, with recent data indicating a 28.3% rate among adults aged 25-64. Effective management of hypertension crucially depends on patient treatment adherence. However, in many settings, including Yen Phong District General Hospital, the specific status of treatment adherence among outpatients remains underexplored. This research addresses this gap by investigating the current adherence practices, aiming to provide valuable insights for improving patient outcomes.

Healthcare professionals, hospital administrators, public health researchers, and policymakers involved in chronic disease management and hypertension care in Vietnam.

This study aimed to evaluate the status of hypertension treatment adherence among outpatients at Yen Phong District General Hospital, Bac Ninh province, in 2024. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 308 hypertensive outpatients who received treatment between November 2023 and October 2024. Data were systematically collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, focusing on patient characteristics and various aspects of treatment adherence.
The findings revealed an overall treatment adherence rate of 63.6%, which is considered suboptimal. A detailed breakdown showed that adherence to medication was notably high at 96.1%, followed by follow-up and re-examination adherence at 90.9%. Adherence to physical activity and exercise was 80.2%, while dietary adherence was 74.7%. Despite high medication adherence, specific non-adherent behaviors were observed, such as occasionally forgetting medication (15.9%), reducing or stopping medication without doctor's consultation (11.7%), and forgetting medicine when away (8.4%). Furthermore, adherence to lifestyle modifications, including diet and physical activity, showed room for improvement. For instance, 72.7% of patients only occasionally reduced salt intake, and only 47.7% regularly engaged in physical activity. Home blood pressure monitoring was also suboptimal, with 63.3% performing it only occasionally.
The study concludes that the current level of hypertension treatment adherence among outpatients at Yen Phong District General Hospital is not yet optimal. To enhance treatment adherence, the research strongly recommends implementing comprehensive strategies. These include strengthening counseling services, providing targeted health education programs, and increasing patient support. Practical implications involve establishing electronic patient record systems, extending clinic hours for better access, ensuring consistent supply of essential medications, and continuously educating patients on medication use, home blood pressure monitoring, and adherence to recommended diet and physical activity regimens. These interventions are crucial for improving long-term outcomes for hypertension patients in the region.