Bài giảng Leukemia cấp, được biên soạn với mục tiêu nhằm giúp các bạn sinh viên có thể trình bày được định nghĩa, nguyên nhân gây leukemia cấp; Phân tích được triệu chứng lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của leukemia cấp; Phân tích được phương pháp điều trị leukemia cấp;...Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo!

Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer in both Vietnam and another country around the world. Although the rate of successful treatment has increased due to the improvements of therapy and supportive care, the rate of relapse is still high.

Bài viết mô tả một số đặc điểm tế bào và miễn dịch ở bệnh nhân tăng sinh đơn dòng lympho B trong tủy xương được chẩn đoán là CLL và MCL pha leukemia. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 135 bệnh nhân, nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang.

Mục tiêu của đề tài là hoàn thiện quy trình kỹ thuật RT - PCR để xác định đột biến ở các gen NPM1-mutA và FLT3 trong leukemia cấp dòng tủy; khảo sát tỷ lệ đột biến NPM1-mutA và FLT3 ở người bệnh leukemia cấp dòng tủy được thu thập tại Viện Huyết học – Truyền máu Trung ương trong thời gian từ tháng 8/2017 đến tháng 7/2018.

Amplification of N-myc oncogene is a frequent event in advanced stages of human neuroblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis and enhanced neovascularization. Angiogenesis is an indispensable prerequisite for the progression and metastasis of solid malignancies, which is modulated by tumor suppressors and oncogenes. We have addressed the possibility that N-myc oncogene might regulate angiogenesis in neuroblastoma. Here, we report that experimental N-Myc overexpression results in down-regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a modulator of endothelial cell proliferation....

We have recently expressed in bacteria the enzymatically active reverse transcriptase (RT) of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) [Perach, M. & Hizi, A. (1999) Virology 259, 176–189]. In the present study, we have studied in vitro two features of the DNA polymerase activity of BLV RT, the processivity of DNA synthesis and the fidelity of DNA synthesis. These properties were compared with those of the well-studied RTs of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukaemia virus (MLV).

Subunits (a, b and c) of the interleukin-2 receptor complex (IL-2R) are involved in both proliferative and activationinduced cell death (AICD) signaling of T cells. In addition, the signaling b and c chains are shared by other cytokines (e.g. IL-7, IL-9, IL-15). However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for recruiting/sorting the a chains to the signaling chains at the cell surface are not clear. Here we show, in four cell lines of human adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia origin, that the three IL-2R subunits are compartmented together with HLA glycoproteins and CD48 molecules in the plasma membrane, by means of fluorescence resonance...

Department of Physiology, University of Basel, Switzerland; 2Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Biocenter, University of Basel, Switzerland; 3Xerion Pharmaceuticals, Martinsried, Germany; 4Department of Medicine, Section Pathophysiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; 5Department of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Germany Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) displays neurotrophic activities on motor neurons and neural cell populations both in vivo and in vitro. ...

gp130 is the common signal transducing receptor subunit of interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokines. gp130 either homodimerizes in response to IL-6 and IL-11 or forms heterodimers with the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor (LIFR) in response to LIF, oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) or cardiotrophinlike cytokine resulting in the onset of cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphorylation cascades. The extracellular parts of both gp130 and LIFR consist of several Ig-like and fibronectin type III-like domains. The role of the membrane-distal domains of gp130 (D1, D2, D3) and LIFR in ligand binding is well established. In this study we investigated the functional...

Undifferentiated human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells show little or no superoxide production, but generate a very low O2 – concentration upon incubation with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Its production reaches a maximum within 20 h, and thereafter is maintained at an almost con-stant level. The differentiated cells show phorbol 12-myri-state 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulatedNADPHoxidase activity consistent with the amount of gp91phox(phagocytic oxid-ase) expressed in the plasma membrane.

Zinc (Zn), an endogenous regulator of apoptosis, and has abilitiesboth to induceapoptosis and inhibit the inductionof apoptosis via the modulation of caspase activity. Due to the multifunctions of Zn, the intracellular Zn level is strictly regulated by a complex system in physiological and patho-logical conditions. The commitment of Zn to the regulation of apoptosis is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of intracellular Zn level in the induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells (HL-60 cells) using a Zn ionophore [pyrithione (Py)]....

Integrase (IN) is the retroviral enzyme responsible for the integration of the DNA copy of the retroviral genome into the host cellDNA. TheC-terminal domainof INis involved in DNA binding and enzyme multimerization. We previ-ously performed single amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal domain of the avian leukemia and sarcoma vir-uses (ALSV) IN [Moreauet al. (2002). Arch. Virol.147, 1761–1778]. Here, we modelled these IN mutants and ana-lysed their ability tomediate concertedDNA integration (in anin vitroassay) as well as to formdimers (by size exclusion chromatography and protein–protein cross-linking). ...

The humanmyeloid leukemia factor 1(hMLF1) gene was first identified as anNPM–hMLF1fusion gene produced by chromosomal translocation. In Drosophila, dMLF has been identified as a protein homologous to hMLF1 and hMLF2, which interacts with various factors involved in transcrip-tional regulation.

HOXC13, a homeobox-containing gene, is involved in hair development and human leukemia. The regulatory mechanism that drives HOXC13 expression is mostly unknown. Our studies have demonstrated that HOXC13 is transcriptionally activated by the steroid hormone estrogen (17b-estradiol; E2).

The CCAAT-Displacement-Protein (CUX1) can transcriptionally repress sucrase–isomaltase gene expression, a specific product of enterocytes that becomes re-expressed during human colonic polyposis. Little is known of the gene repertoire that is directly affected by CUX1 in the intestinal epithelial context.

The increasing number of chromosomal rearrangements involving the humanMLLgene, in combination with differences in clinical behavior and outcome for MLL-rearranged leukemia patients, makes it necessary to reflect on the cancer mechanism and to discuss potential therapeutic strate-gies. To date, 64 different translocations have been identified at the molecular level.

Several acute lymphoblastic and myelogenous leukemias are correlated with alterations in the human mixed lineage leukemia protein-1 (MLL1) gene. MLL1 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved SET1 family of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases, which are required for the regula-tion of distinct groups of developmentally regulated genes in metazoans.

Mixed lineage leukemias(MLLs) are an evolutionarily conserved trithorax family of human genes that play critical roles in HOXgene regulation and embryonic development.MLL1is well known to be rearranged in myeloid and lymphoid leukemias in children and adults. There are several MLL family proteins such as MLL1, MLL2, MLL3, MLL4, MLL5, Set1A and Set1B, and each possesses histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4)-specific methyltrans-ferase activity and has critical roles in gene activation and epigenetics.

The fourth lysine of histone H3 is post-translationally modified by a methyl group via the action of histone methyltransferase, and such a covalent modification is associated with transcriptionally active and⁄or repressed chromatin states. Thus, histone H3 lysine 4 methylation has a crucial role in maintaining normal cellular functions.

Human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leuke-mia⁄lymphoma, which is an aggressive peripheral T-cell neoplasm. Insuffi-cient T-cell response to HTLV-1 is a potential risk factor in adult T-cell leukemia⁄lymphoma.