10 modals

Ộ Ừ ạ ộ ừ ầ ứ Ế Ế ở ể ệ ộ c n có thêm m t hình th c V0 sau nó đ hoàn thi n Ứ Ử Ụ Đ NG T KHI M KHUY T: Là lo i đ ng t nghĩa. CÓ 2 HÌNH TH C S D NG MODALS: ACTIVE VÀ PASSIVE

ACTIVE: S + MODAL + V0 + O

PASSIVE: S + MODAL + BE + V3/ED + BY + O

EX:

b. should be cleaning d. should have cleaned The room ________ once a day. a. should clean c. should be cleaned I am not deaf. You _______ shout. a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t

Ớ Ầ Ố Ụ Ậ CÁCH NH N D NG ACTIVE , PASSIVE ÁP D NG GI NG V I PH N PASSIVE (cid:0) ề ự ệ ở ử ụ ứ ở ệ ạ hi n t i mà nói v s vi c quá kh thì ta s d ng: Ạ ế N u ta NOTE:

S + MODAL + HAVE + V3/ED + O

ỉ ộ ự ệ ượ Ch m t s vi c đ

ở quá kh ở ả ẽ ẽ ư ẽ 1/ SHOULD(NOT) + HAVE + V3/ED (l ra đã nên…) ứ ộ ư , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đó quá kh ả ra đã nên x y ra ra đã không nên x y ra ộ ứ , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đó c cho là : đã không x y raả . đã x y raả . o l o l

ự ấ ọ Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (th c ra cô y có g i ) ỉ ộ ự ậ ợ

ắ ắ ắ ắ 2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (ch c ch n là đã…) ch m t s suy lu n h p lý trong quá kh . ứ ≠ CAN’T + HAVE + V3/ED : (ch c ch n là đã không…)

Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard.

MODAL VERBS

MEANING

USES

EXAMPLE

General meanings

Ử Ụ Ủ B NG S D NG VÀ Ý NGHĨA C A MODALS: Ả

Present Past

might - coù leõ - It may rain tomorrow May - duøng ñeå suy ñoaùn (not sure)

1/ SUY ÑOAÙ N, - It might rain tomorrow might - coù theå Might - duøng ñeå suy ñoaùn (not sure)

Must ≠ - chaéc chaén

Can’t - Mary must be at home. The light in her room is on. - he can’t be at home now. I have just seen him in the

- chæ moät söï suy ñoaùn chaéc chaén vì coù cô sôû. (sure) - chæ moät söï suy ñoaùn 1

street.

chaéc chaén khoâng vì coù cô sôû.

≠ chaéc chaén khoâng

- You musn’t ride a motorbike until you are 18 -khoâng ñöôïc - chæ söï ngaên caám, khoâng ñöôïc pheùp laøm. (luaät leä) Mustn’t = be not allowed + T0V0

2/ SÖÏ NGAÊ N CAÁM

- You must go now. - phaûi Must Had to - ñeå chæ boån phaän, moät söï baét buoäc ôû hieän taïi hoaëc trong töông lai.

Have to - They will have to come here tomorrow Had to - phaûi, caàn phaûi

3/ SÖÏ BAÉT BUOÄC , NHIEÄ M VUÏ

- You need not give me the answer right now. -khoâng caàn

- laø moät Modal ñöôïc duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh (Needn’t) Needn’t = don’t have to = be not necessary 4/ không c n ầ tế thi

- he can speak 5 languages. could - coù theå Can - ñeå noùi ñeán moät khaû naêng

5/ KHAÛ NAÊN G

- neân - ñeå noùi ñeán 1 lôøi khuyeân - you should study harder. - It’s too late. We’d better go now. 6/ Söï khuyeâ n baûo

Should Had better (not) Ought to

- You may go now. - coù theå You May… - Duøng ñeå cho pheùp ai laøm gì.

- toâi coù theå Could I …? May I …? 7/ Söï xin pheùp, cho pheùp - You: Could I borrow your bike? - May I come in?

- thöôøng duøng vôùi chuû töø I ñeà xin pheùp 1 ngöôøi lôùn hôn, toû yù toân troïng

- Can I borrow your pen? Can I …? - toâi coù theå - thöôøng duøng vôùi chuû töø I ñeà xin pheùp 1 ngöôøi ngang haøng

Could you.. - Could you open the door, please? - baïn coù theå.. - Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò 1 ngöôùi ngöôøi lôùn hôn laøm gì. 8/ Lôøi Ñeà Nghò - Can you buy me a paper?

- baïn coù theå.. - Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò 1 ngöôùi ngöôøi ngang haøng laøm gì. - Would you mind buying me a paper?

Can you …? Will you…? Would you mind + Ving

- Shall we go out for - Chuùng ta - Duøng ñeå ñeà xuaát 1 Shall we../

dinner? haõy…. Let’s

Shall I open the window?

hoaït ñoäng vui chôi giaûi trí naøo ñoù - Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò mình laøm gì cho ai. Haõy ñeå toâi … Shall I / Let me

I would rather go to the cinema than stay at home. Would rather (not) - muoán / khoâng muoán

- muoán

I would like to go to the cinema . 9/ Söï mong muoán, lôøi môøi - sau Would like / would prefer ta duøng To-V0

- môøi baïn …….nheù? - Would you like to go to the cinema? Would like / would prefer + ToV0 would you like + ToV0?

Would - seõ

Will - If I were you, I would stay at home. - Duøng trong caùc thì Töông Lai, Caâu Ñieàu Kieän, caâu Ao Öôùc, …

ộ ủ ạ ớ ộ ừ ườ th ng khi NEEDN’T m i là MODAL còn các d ng khác c a NEED là đ ng t ư 10/ Söï vieäc ôû töông lai  NOTE: đ ng t ượ đó nó đ ừ c dùng nh sau:

S (somthing) + NEED + VING S (someone) + NEED + TOV0 TO BE + V3/ED You need __________(go) now. Your hair needs ___________(cut).

B. needs C. mustn’t D. may 3. This road is very narrow. It ___to be widened. A. might 4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___. A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried 5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor. A. to go B. went C. go D. going 23. I ___ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me? A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. shouldn’t

25. ___ you give me some advice about the language course? A. Might B. Should C. May D. Could 29. Sit down, please. ___ a cup of tea? A. Do you like B. Can you like to drink C. Would you like D. Will you like

34. “It ___rain this evening. Why don’t you take an umbrella?” “That’s a good idea. May I borrow yours?” D. might A. had better B. could be

C. must 35. “___taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?” “Not at all.” A. Can you B. Why don’t you C. Would you mind D. Could you please 42. ___ you speak any foreign languages? D. Might A. May B. Must C. Can 44. A: “You ___ pay the bills today.” B: “I know, I promise. I won’t forget.” D. may A. would B. shall C. must 45. ___ you mind my staying here for some days? D. Should A. Would B. Could C. Can 1. You had better _____ at home until you feel better. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 2. C. being redecorated B. redecorating D. to redecorate 3. C. would D. must 4. C. are going to D. may 5. D. could B. must C. may 6. Your house needs __________. A. redecorated I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old. A. could B. might You _______ do it now, and do not argue. B. need A. must You ______ have been happy when you won the competition. A. can Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening. A. must B. may C. can D. shall 1. I _______ do that again. It's my promise. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. won't

You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict. a. needn't b. mustn't d. mightn't c. mayn't 2. They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure. a. might b. need c. must d. should

c. need leaving d. mustn't leave 3. You _______ now if you wish. a. must leave b. may leave 4. You _______ worry so much. I will help you. a. must b. mustn't c. might not d. needn't 5. If there is anything you _______. Let me know. a. must b. should c. need d. may 6. Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV. a. must b. should d. needn't

c. might 7. Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam. c. needn't b. might not a. may d. mustn’t 8. You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK. a. mustn't d. might not b. needn't c. may not 9. You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon. b. needn't / will c. will / must d. should / a. ought to / mustn't might 10.The room ________ once a day. a. should clean b. should be cleaning

c. should be cleaned d. should have cleaned 11.John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure. c. must d. should a. might b. will 12._______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do. a. Must b. Will c. May d. Need 13.The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software. a. must b. need c. should d. may 14.Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly. a. mustn't b. couldn't c. can't d. needn't

1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting. C. must A. can B. might

D. should 8. The machine …………… on by pressing this switch. A. can turn B. can be turned C. must turn D. should be turning 15. You _______ explain that again because I understand everything now.

A. needn"t B. can"tC. would rather D. mustn"t

16. Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening.

A. must

B. may C. can D. shall

17. As students, you _______ show your disrespect to your teachers.

A. must

B. should

C. mustn"t

D. needn"t

18. He _______ work very hard; he is a millionaire.

B. mustn"t

A. hasn"t to C. doesn"t have to D. not has to

19. I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old. D. must

C. would

B. might

A. could

20. I _______ do that again. It"s my promise.

A. mustn"t B. can"tC. needn"t

D. won"t

21. You _______ have been absent from that important session.

A. mightn"t B. wouldn"t

C. shouldn"t

D. mustn"t

22. _______ we go shopping this evening?

_ That"s a good idea. A. Will

B. ShallC. Might

D. Must

B. mustn"t

C. needn"t

D. can"t

23. She _______ have been the one who caused the damage, I think. She was not home then. A. must 24. Your windows need ___________. Would you like me to do them for you? A. be cleaned B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned 25. I can't find my book anywhere. I _______ have left it on the train. I am not sure. a. must b. needn't c. should d. might 26.You _______ lunch. We have already eaten. b. needn't have prepared a. need preparing c. should prepare d. should have prepared 27.Let's do something to protect the environment, _______ we? a. must b. need c. will d. shall 28.I will do everything. You _______ do anything unless you really want to. a. may b. needn't c. must d. ought to 29.You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict. a. needn't b. mustn't d. mightn't c. mayn't 30.They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure. c. must d. should a. might b. need

31.You _______ now if you wish. b. may leave a. must leave c. need leaving d. mustn't leave

32.You _______ worry so much. I will help you. a. must b. mustn't c. might not d. needn't 33.If there is anything you _______. Let me know. a. must b. should c. need d. may 34.Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV. a. must b. should d. needn't

c. might 35.Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam. c. needn't b. might not a. may d. mustn’t 36.You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK. a. mustn't d. might not b. needn't c. may not 37.You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon. b. needn't / will c. will / must d. should / a. ought to / mustn't might 38.The room ________ once a day.

a. should clean c. should be cleaned b. should be cleaning d. should have cleaned 39.The weather forecast says that ________ tomorrow.

a. it will snow c. it needs snowing b. it will be snowed d. it must be snowed 40.The garden ________. It has just started raining.

a. needn't water c. needn't be watering b. needn't be watered d. needn't have watered

41.People ___________ hunt and use whales for commercial purpose B. mustn’t A. needn’t D. don’t have to C. don’t need to 42.She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard. a. needn't c. mustn't d. can't b. shouldn't 43.Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now. a. needn't c. has to d. should b. must 44.I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.

a. should / can't b. have to / must c. can / needn't d. might / mustn't 45.Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night. a. must have left b. should have left c. must be leaving d. needn't leave 46.I am not deaf. You _______ shout. a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t 47.John failed again. He _______ harder. a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried 48._______ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you

want to. a. May / can b. Must / might c. Will / should d. Might / needn’t 49.I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize. a. shouldn't b. needn't c. mustn't d. oughtn't to 50.It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it. a. mustn't c. mightn't d. won't

b. needn't 51.We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried. b. shouldn't c. mustn't a. needn't d. mayn't 52.Keep quiet. You _______ talk so loudly in here. Everybody is working. a. may b. must c. might d. mustn't 53.John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure. c. must d. should a. might b. will 54._______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do. a. Must b. Will c. May d. Need

55.The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software. a. must b. need c. should d. may 56.Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly. a. mustn't b. couldn't c. can't d. needn't 1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting. A. can B. might C. must D. should 4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___. A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried 5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor. A. to go C. go D. going B. went 8. You ___ ring the bell; I have a key. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t

ề

B. would protect C. be protected D. will protect

C. could take

B. need D. dare C. can

B C D ề Đ Thi TN THPT 2009 Question 28: Endangered species ______ by the World Wildlife Fund. A. are protected Question 34: If I had the map now, I a short-cut across the desert. A. could have taken B. take D. can take Question 39: The recycling of waste paper save a great amount of wood pulp. A. had better Question 46: She brought a lot of money with her so that she needed buy some duty-free goods. A Đ Thi TN THPT 2010

C. used to B. ought D. has to

Question 11: He has made so many mistakes in his essay that he _______ do it all again. A. needs Question 12: Unless we can find new sources of energy, our life will certainly_______. A. affected B. be affecting C. affect D. be affected