ĐNG T KHI M KHUY T: Là lo i đng t c n có thêm m t hình th c V0 sau nó đ hoàn thi n Ộ Ừ Ế Ế ạ ộ ừ ầ ộ ứ ở ể ệ
nghĩa. CÓ 2 HÌNH TH C S D NG MODALS: ACTIVE VÀ PASSIVEỨ Ử Ụ
ACTIVE: S + MODAL + V0 + O
PASSIVE: S + MODAL + BE + V3/ED + BY + O
EX: The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean b. should be cleaning
c. should be cleaned d. should have cleaned
I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t
CÁCH NH N D NG ACTIVE , PASSIVE ÁP D NG GI NG V I PH N PASSIVEẬ Ạ Ụ Ố Ớ Ầ
NOTE: N u ta hi n t i mà nói v s vi c quá kh thì ta s d ng:ế ở ệ ạ ề ự ệ ở ứ ử ụ
1/ SHOULD(NOT) + HAVE + V3/ED (l ra đã nên…)ẽCh m t s vi c đc cho là :ỉ ộ ự ệ ượ
ol ra đã nên x y ra quá khẽ ả ở ứ , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đó ư ộ đã không x y raả .
ol ra đã không nên x y ra quá khẽ ả ở ứ , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đó ư ộ đã x y raả .
Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (th c ra cô y có g i )ự ấ ọ
2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (ch c ch n là đã…) ch m t s suy lu n h p lý trong quá kh .ắ ắ ỉ ộ ự ậ ợ ứ
≠ CAN’T + HAVE + V3/ED : (ch c ch n là đã ắ ắ không…)
Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard.
B NG S D NG VÀ Ý NGHĨA C A MODALS:Ả Ử Ụ Ủ
General
meanings
MODAL VERBS MEANING USES EXAMPLE
Present Past
1/ SUY
ÑOAÙ
N,
May might - coù leõ - duøng ñeå suy ñoaùn (not
sure) - It may rain tomorrow
Might might - coù theå - duøng ñeå suy ñoaùn (not
sure)
- It might rain tomorrow
Must ≠
Can’t
- chaéc
chaén - chæ moät söï suy ñoaùn
chaéc chaén vì coù cô sôû.
(sure)
- chæ moät söï suy ñoaùn
- Mary must be at home.
The light in her room is on.
- he can’t be at home now. I
have just seen him in the
1
S + MODAL + HAVE + V3/ED + O
≠ chaéc
chaén
khoâng
chaéc chaén khoâng vì coù
cô sôû.
street.
2/ SÖÏ
NGAÊ
N
CAÁM
Mustn’t
= be not allowed
+ T0-V0
-khoâng
ñöôïc - chæ söï ngaên caám,
khoâng ñöôïc pheùp laøm.
(luaät leä)
- You musn’t ride a
motorbike until you are 18
3/ SÖÏ
BAÉT
BUOÄC
,
NHIEÄ
M VUÏ
Must
Have to
Had
to
Had
to
- phaûi
- phaûi,
caàn phaûi
- ñeå chæ boån phaän, moät
söï baét buoäc ôû hieän taïi
hoaëc trong töông lai.
- You must go now.
- They will have to come
here tomorrow
4/
không
c n ầ
thi tế
Needn’t =
don’t have to
= be not necessary
-khoâng
caàn - laø moät Modal ñöôïc
duøng trong caâu phuû
ñònh (Needn’t)
- You need not give me the
answer right now.
5/
KHAÛ
NAÊN
G
Can could - coù theå - ñeå noùi ñeán moät khaû
naêng
- he can speak 5 languages.
6/ Söï
khuyeâ
n baûo
Should
Had better
(not)
Ought to
- neân - ñeå noùi ñeán 1 lôøi
khuyeân
- you should study harder.
- It’s too late. We’d better
go now.
7/ Söï
xin
pheùp,
cho
pheùp
You May… - coù theå - Duøng ñeå cho pheùp ai
laøm gì.
- You may go now.
Could I …?
May I …?
- toâi coù
theå - thöôøng duøng vôùi chuû
töø I ñeà xin pheùp 1
ngöôøi lôùn hôn, toû yù
toân troïng
- You: Could I borrow your
bike?
- May I come in?
Can I …? - toâi coù
theå - thöôøng duøng vôùi chuû
töø I ñeà xin pheùp 1
ngöôøi ngang haøng
- Can I borrow your pen?
8/ Lôøi
Ñeà
Nghò
Could you.. - baïn coù
theå.. - Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò 1
ngöôùi ngöôøi lôùn hôn
laøm gì.
- Could you open the door,
please?
- Can you …?
- Will you…?
- Would you
mind + V-ing
- baïn coù
theå.. - Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò 1
ngöôùi ngöôøi ngang
haøng laøm gì.
- Can you buy me a paper?
- Would you mind buying
me a paper?
Shall we../ - Chuùng ta - Duøng ñeå ñeà xuaát 1 - Shall we go out for
2
Let’s
Shall I / Let
me
haõy….
Haõy ñeå
toâi …
hoaït ñoäng vui chôi giaûi
trí naøo ñoù
- Duøng ñeå ñeà nghò mình
laøm gì cho ai.
dinner?
Shall I open the window?
9/ Söï
mong
muoán,
lôøi
môøi
Would rather
(not)
- muoán /
khoâng
muoán
I would rather go to the
cinema than stay at home.
- Would like /
would prefer
+ To-V0
- would you
like + To-V0?
- muoán
- môøi baïn
…….nheù?
- sau Would like / would
prefer ta duøng To-V0
I would like to go to the
cinema .
- Would you like to go to
the cinema?
10/ Söï
vieäc ôû
töông
lai
Will Would - seõ - Duøng trong caùc thì
Töông Lai, Caâu Ñieàu
Kieän, caâu Ao Öôùc, …
- If I were you, I would stay
at home.
NOTE: đng t NEEDN’T m i là MODAL còn các d ng khác c a NEED là đng t th ng khi ộ ừ ớ ạ ủ ộ ừ ườ
đó nó đc dùng nh sau:ượ ư
You need __________(go) now. Your hair needs ___________(cut).
3. This road is very narrow. It ___to be widened.
A. might B. needs C. mustn’t D. may
4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___.
A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried
5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor.
A. to go B. went C. go D. going
23. I ___ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me?
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. shouldn’t
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S (someone) + NEED + TO-V0 S (somthing) + NEED + V-ING
TO BE + V3/ED
25. ___ you give me some advice about the language course?
A. Might B. Should C. May D. Could
29. Sit down, please. ___ a cup of tea?
A. Do you like B. Can you like to drink C. Would you like D. Will you like
34. “It ___rain this evening. Why don’t you take an umbrella?”
“That’s a good idea. May I borrow yours?”
A. had better B. could be C. must D. might
35. “___taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?”
“Not at all.”
A. Can you B. Why don’t you C. Would you mind D. Could you please
42. ___ you speak any foreign languages?
A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might
44. A: “You ___ pay the bills today.” - B: “I know, I promise. I won’t forget.”
A. would B. shall C. must D. may
45. ___ you mind my staying here for some days?
A. Would B. Could C. Can D. Should
1. You had better _____ at home until you feel better.
A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed
2. Your house needs __________.
A. redecorated B. redecorating C. being redecorated D. to redecorate
3. I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old.
A. could B. might C. would D. must
4. You _______ do it now, and do not argue.
A. must B. need C. are going to D. may
5. You ______ have been happy when you won the competition.
A. can B. must C. may D. could
6. Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening.
A. must B. may C. can D. shall
1. I _______ do that again. It's my promise.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. won't
You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. mayn't d. mightn't
2. They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure.
a. might b. need c. must d. should
3. You _______ now if you wish.
a. must leave b. may leave c. need leaving d. mustn't leave
4. You _______ worry so much. I will help you.
a. must b. mustn't c. might not d. needn't
5. If there is anything you _______. Let me know.
a. must b. should c. need d. may
6. Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV.
a. must b. should c. might d. needn't
7. Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam.
a. may b. might not c. needn't d. mustn’t
8. You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. may not d. might not
9. You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon.
a. ought to / mustn't b. needn't / will c. will / must d. should /
might
10.The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean b. should be cleaning
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c. should be cleaned d. should have cleaned
11.John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.
a. might b. will c. must d. should
12._______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
a. Must b. Will c. May d. Need
13.The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.
a. must b. need c. should d. may
14.Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't b. couldn't c. can't d. needn't
1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting.
A. can B. might C. must D. should
8. The machine …………… on by pressing this switch.
A. can turn B. can be turned
C. must turn D. should be turning
15. You _______ explain that again because I understand everything now.
A. needn"t B. can"tC. would rather D. mustn"t
16. Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening.
A. must B. may C. can D. shall
17. As students, you _______ show your disrespect to your teachers.
A. must B. should C. mustn"t D. needn"t
18. He _______ work very hard; he is a millionaire.
A. hasn"t to B. mustn"t
C. doesn"t have to D. not has to
19. I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old.
A. could B. might C. would D. must
20. I _______ do that again. It"s my promise.
A. mustn"t B. can"tC. needn"t D. won"t
21. You _______ have been absent from that important session.
A. mightn"t B. wouldn"t C. shouldn"t D. mustn"t
22. _______ we go shopping this evening?
_ That"s a good idea.
A. Will B. ShallC. Might D. Must
23. She _______ have been the one who caused the damage, I think. She was not
home then.
A. must B. mustn"t C. needn"t D. can"t
24. Your windows need ___________. Would you like me to do them for you?
A. be cleaned B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned
25. I can't find my book anywhere. I _______ have left it on the train. I am not sure.
a. must b. needn't c. should d. might
26.You _______ lunch. We have already eaten.
a. need preparing b. needn't have prepared
c. should prepare d. should have prepared
27.Let's do something to protect the environment, _______ we?
a. must b. need c. will d. shall
28.I will do everything. You _______ do anything unless you really want to.
a. may b. needn't c. must d. ought to
29.You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. mayn't d. mightn't
30.They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure.
a. might b. need c. must d. should
31.You _______ now if you wish.
a. must leave b. may leave c. need leaving d. mustn't leave
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