CHƯƠNG 4
KHÁI NIỆM ACID – BASE TRONG HÓA HỮU
CƠ
Brønsted-Lowry
Lewis
Arrhenius
The big picture get biger
ĐỊNH NGHĨA ACID BASE
Arrhenius
H+
trong dung dịch
OH
- trong dung dịch
Brønsted
-
Lowry
Chất
cho H+
Chất
nhận H+
Lewis
Chất
nhận cặp e
Chất
cho cặp e
Định nghĩa acid - base
1. Định nghĩa acid-base theo Brønsted-Lowry
Định nghĩa của Brønsted-Lowry: acid là chất cho ion
hydrogen (hay còn gọi là proton) và base là chất nhận proton.
HA:Acid liên hợp của base A-
A- : Base liên hợp của acid HA
Nước là một dung môi lưỡng tính phụ thuộc vào tính chất
của chất hòa tan
Acid mạnh base liên hợp yếu
Acid yếubase liên hợp mạnh
1. Định nghĩa acid-base theo Brønsted-Lowry
Viết công thức base liên hợp của các acid sau
C6H5COOH, C6H5CH2COOH, CH3CH2NO2, C6H5OH, (CH3)3NH+
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