Phm Kim ðăng - Khoa CN&NTTS 4/11/2009
http://cnts.hua.edu.vn Mc: Bài ging 1
Ch−¬ng 1.
Sinh lý h−ng phÊn
I.H−ng phÊn
1. HF?k/n®¸pøng cña tæ chøc sèng víi c¸ckÝch thÝch
(c¬ thÓ sèng,T§C)
•TÝnh HF:c¬ v©n>c¬ tim >c¬ tr¬n
•Qua2g®:
" TiÕp nhËn KT(thô quan)
" BiÕn KT
d¹ngE®Æc tr−ng
§/øng
2. KÝch thÝch? t¸cnh©n t¸c®éng lªnc¬ thÓ (ngoi,trong)
Ngo1i:c¬ giíi,T
0
,®é Èm,a/s,®iÖn ....
Trong:
pHm¸u,ASTTh.t−¬ng,[]c¸cchÊt m¸u
VÒmÆt sinh häc:2lo¹i
(
ThÝch hîp:
g©yHFtù nhiªn,quen thuéc (thô quan t/ø)VD:a/s
m¾t,©mthanh
tai
(
Kh«ng thÝch hîp:
kh«ng quen thuéc,ë c−êng ®é nhÊt ®Þnh cã
thÓ g©yHF
.
VD:T¸tm¹nh
.......
3. §Kg©yHF:
c−êng ®é v1 thêi gian
C−êng ®é:(4møc)
(D−íi ng−ìng:yÕu,kh«ng HF
& Ng−ìng: ®ñ g©yHF(min)
& Trªn ng−ìng: >ng−ìng (KT
↑
HF
↑
)®Õn khi HFkh«ng
t¨ng n÷a(ch−atæn th−¬ng)
KTmax
<Qu¸ giíi h¹n:>KTmax,HFgi¶m,tæn th−¬ng
(¸ctÝnh)
Thêi gian (T):
< Tqu¸ ng¾n
kh«ng HF
< TÝnh HFphÊn tû lÖ nghÞch víi T
(HFcng cao
Tcng bÐ)
KÐo d1iKT
thÝch nghi
mÊt k/n®¸pøng VD:ngöi formon
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Lớp Học Phần VNUA - Khoa Chăn Nuôi - Học Viện Nông Nghiệp Việt Nam
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Phm Kim ðăng - Khoa CN&NTTS 4/11/2009
http://cnts.hua.edu.vn Mc: Bài ging 2
Tv* c−êng ®é t−¬ng quan chÆt chÏ ®otÝnh HF
tæ chøc ( “thêi trÞ” (Lapied)
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
t
(ms)
Thêi trÞ
ng−ìng
C−êng ®é
Thêi trÞ =
T tèi thiÓu ®Ó KT cã c−êng ®é=2 lÇn ng−ìng g©y
®−îc HF
.
VD:C¬ v©nng−êi =0.1– 0.7ms
( Tæ chøc HFc*ng cao thêi trÞ c*ng bÐ
II.HiÖn t−îng ®iÖn sinh vËt
§iÖn SV?=HF.T/chøc HF
sinh ®iÖn
Cuèi TK17Galvani:c¬ ®ïi Õch treo mãc ®ång co
Mét n¨msau Voltacho r»ng:c¬ chØ cokhi cã giã,do
2mãc s¾tch¹mv1o®ång
sinh ®iÖn
→
→→
→
Tranh luËn
KÕt qu¶ c¶ 2th¾ng(pin&®iÖn SV)
3lo¹i®iÖn sinh vËt
1.§iÖn tæn th−¬ng
TNGalvani:
C¬ 2
C¬ 1
Nguyªn vÑn
Tæn th−¬
ng
KÕt qu¶:C¬ 2co
KiÓm chøng:vi®iÖn kÕ ®o
§iÖn tæn th−¬ng?
-
+
Tæn th−¬ng
C¬ 2C¬ 2
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Lớp Học Phần VNUA - Khoa Chăn Nuôi - Học Viện Nông Nghiệp Việt Nam
https://sites.google.com/site/lophocphanvnuak60/home
Phm Kim ðăng - Khoa CN&NTTS 4/11/2009
http://cnts.hua.edu.vn Mc: Bài ging 3
C¬ 2
2.§iÖn ho¹t®éng
*TNMateucci:
C¬ 1
KT
C¶ 2c¬ ®Òu co
*TNtrªn tim Õch:
C¬
T©m
thÊt
T©mnhÜ
T/chøc HF(h/®)t¹i®ã("),yªntÜnh (+)
2vïng chÖnh lÖch ®iÖn thÕ
®iÖn ho¹t®éng
C¬ co
(-)
(+)
§iÖn N¬ron =§iÖn thÕ m?ng ca
TBTKyên tĩnh, nguyên vn
.
3.Dßng ®iÖn tÜnh
(®iÖn thÕ m1ng)
T/chøc yªntÜnh,nguyên vn, trong v* ngo*i m*ng tæ
chøc sèng cã chªnh lÖch ®iÖn thÕ (ngo*i +)t¹odßng ®iÖn
gäi l* dßng ®iÖn tÜnh
-
Vi®iÖn cùc
C¸ch ®o:" Chän n¬ron sîi trôc to
" Vi®iÖn cùc ®ñ bÐ (
∅
∅∅
∅ ≤
≤≤
≤
0.5
µ
µµ
µ
m)
4.C¬ chÕ ph¸tsinh:
cÊu tróc m*ng,2thuyÕt
*ThuyÕt biÕn chÊt
Tæn th−¬ng hayh/® T§Csinh nhiÒu chÊt ®iÖn gi¶i
(H
2
CO
3
H
+
+HCO
3(
)
•H
+
bÐ
kh/t¸n nhanh
nguyªn vÑn (y/tÜnh)
(+)
•Ionlín
kh/t¸n chËm,t¹ivïng tæn th−¬ng (h/®)
(<)
*ThuyÕt m?ng (ionm?ng):
Bernostein,Hogkin,Huxley,
Katzdùa trªn tÝnh thÊm chän läc m*ng
(
Lç m1ng
Φ
ΦΦ
Φ
=4A
0
(
Quam1ng =bÞ &chñ ®éng
protein
protein
photpholipit
70-80 A
0
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Lớp Học Phần VNUA - Khoa Chăn Nuôi - Học Viện Nông Nghiệp Việt Nam
https://sites.google.com/site/lophocphanvnuak60/home
Phm Kim ðăng - Khoa CN&NTTS 4/11/2009
http://cnts.hua.edu.vn Mc: Bài ging 4
Gi¶i thÝch 1:
ph©ncùc t¹im?ng, ngo1i nhiÒu ion+ (K
+,
Na
+
),
trong nhiÒu ion& (protein
(
,HCO
3(
,Cl
(
)∈
∈∈
∈:
(KÝch th−íc:ΦNa
+
=1.9A
0
,ΦK
+
=2.6A
0
ΦNa
+
.8H
2
O>
Φ
K
+
.4H
2
O
K
+
dÔ quam*ng h¬n
(Chªnh lÖch nång ®é
(trong sovíi ngoi mng)
50mol/kgH
2
O
[Na
+
]= =1/8
440mol/kgH
2
O
400mol/kgH
2
O
[K
+
]= =20/1
20mol/kgH
2
O
Nh− vËy:[Na
+
]ngo*i >8lÇn trong m*ng
[K
+
]trong >20lÇn ngo*i m*ng
K
+
trong ra nhanh,m¹nhh¬nNa
+
ngo1i v1o(b¬mNa,Kqua
vËt t¶i) K
+
hót ion– (Cl
(
,OH
(
)trong m*ng dßng ®iÖn tÜnh
ngo*i +,trong (
Gi¶i thÝch 2: tæn th−¬ng thay ®æi tÝnh thÊm m*ng
ion ( ra ngo*i trung ho* bít K
+
®iÖn tæn th−¬ng cã
E<®iÖn thÕ m*ng
Gi¶i thÝch 3: h/® (xung TK®iÓm A)thay ®æi tÝnh thÊm
Na
+
v*orÊt nhanh
(500<700lÇn b×nh th−êng)
trung ho?
ion& khö cùc ®¶ocùc
(ngo*i +trong ()
A B C
- - - +++ ......
+++ - - -
K/qu¶: AHF(()chªnh lÖch,phÝa trong tõ AB,phÝa
ngo*i BAt¹iBx¶yra khö,®¶ocùc ®iÖn h/®éng
5.øng dông ®iÖn sinh vËt
& §iÖn t©m®å
& §iÖn nVo®å
& §iÒu tra xÐt hái
& §o®iÖn thÕ ®Üa ph«igia cÇm
& Ph¸thiÖn ®éng dôc bß =chÊt dÎo,h×nh trô =25x12.5mm
E=10(30mVtèt,
E<10mVlo¹i
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Lớp Học Phần VNUA - Khoa Chăn Nuôi - Học Viện Nông Nghiệp Việt Nam
https://sites.google.com/site/lophocphanvnuak60/home
Phm Kim ðăng - Khoa CN&NTTS 4/11/2009
http://cnts.hua.edu.vn Mc: Bài ging 5
III. dÉn truyÒn h−ng phÊn
( C¸c sîi trôc kÕt l¹i=d©yTK
( 2lo¹isîi TK(trÇn &vá bäc)
( TB Schwann chøa miªlin (photphatit)
c¸ch ®iÖn, m*u tr¾ng quÊn nhiÒu líp
quanh sîi trôc t¹osîi miªlin
( Eo Ranviª cã vai trß trong T§C sîi
trôc v* dÉn truyÒn HF(si có vbc)
1.Trªn sîi TK
a.CÊu t¹oTBTK
Sîi trôc
Th©n TB
Sîi nh¸nh
TB
Schwann
Vá
miªlin
Eo Ranviª
Synap
HF vthân
(cm giác)
HF tthânra
(v/ñ)
b.§Æc ®iÓm slý cña sîi TK
+Ho*nchØnh,liªn tôc vÒ mÆt slý (Ðp,buéc,kÑp,phong bÕ)
+TruyÒn HFt¸ch biÖt (kh«ng lan sangngang chÝnh x¸c)
+DÉn truyÒn 2chiÒu,nh−ng trong c¬ thÓ chØ 1chiÒu (synap)
+TÝnh HFcao,sîi cã vá bäc >sîi trÇn
+TÝnh linh ho¹tchøc n¨ng sîi cã vá bäc >sîi trÇn
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Lớp Học Phần VNUA - Khoa Chăn Nuôi - Học Viện Nông Nghiệp Việt Nam
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