Điều dưỡng trong cộng đồng dân tộc thiểu số: Nghiên cứu định tính thăm dò về tảo hôn

Child marriage represents a significant global public health concern, deeply rooted in gender inequality and limited access to adolescent reproductive health services, particularly within ethnic minority communities. This practice infringes upon fundamental child rights and has severe long-term consequences on girls' health, education, and socio-economic future. Understanding the nuanced perceptions and cultural dynamics surrounding early marriage is paramount for effective intervention. This exploratory qualitative study aims to investigate community perspectives on child marriage and to elucidate the pivotal role of nurses in designing and implementing culturally appropriate prevention strategies, ultimately contributing to the holistic well-being of adolescent girls.

Public health practitioners, community nurses, policymakers, researchers, and organizations working on adolescent reproductive health and rights in ethnic minority communities.

Child marriage persists as a profound challenge in ethnic minority communities, reflecting not merely a legal issue but deeply entrenched gender inequality and inadequate access to adolescent reproductive health and education. This exploratory qualitative study, conducted in Moc Chau with 21 participants including nurses, educators, and community leaders, aimed to understand local perceptions and the potential role of community nursing in prevention. Utilizing Braun & Clarke's thematic analysis, findings revealed that child marriage is normalized within Hmong communities, often viewed as a traditional practice and a marker of maturity, contributing to severe health, social, and educational setbacks for young girls. Key barriers to effective prevention include limited knowledge about its negative consequences, significant language and communication taboos, and the perceived ineffectiveness of legal deterrents against long-standing customs. Nurses, despite their crucial position for intervention, encounter substantial challenges, such as language barriers, adolescent reluctance due to stigma, and a lack of comprehensive support systems. Current health education efforts often overemphasize legal aspects without adequately addressing the health implications or cultural nuances. The study concludes that effective prevention of early marriage necessitates a multi-sectoral, culturally sensitive approach. It highlights the critical need to strengthen community nursing capabilities through specialized training in intercultural communication, adolescent counseling, and adaptive health education. Furthermore, developing culturally appropriate, bilingual educational resources and fostering robust intersectoral collaboration among health, education, and local governance are essential to empower adolescent girls and ensure their comprehensive well-being.