Khảo sát tỉ lệ thiếu máu của sinh viên năm thứ nhất trường Đại học Phenikaa năm 2024

Anemia, characterized by reduced hemoglobin levels, is a global public health concern affecting a significant portion of the world's population, particularly in regions like Southeast Asia, including Vietnam. This condition can lead to profound consequences, impacting not only physical health but also academic performance, cognitive development, and overall quality of life among young adults. As universities conduct routine health assessments for their incoming students, understanding the prevalence and characteristics of anemia within this demographic becomes crucial. This study aims to fill a knowledge gap by examining the specific landscape of anemia among first-year students at Phenikaa University, providing a foundational understanding for targeted health interventions and support strategies to foster a healthier academic environment.

Academic researchers, public health practitioners, university health administrators, and healthcare professionals involved in student health and nutrition programs.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of anemia among 8410 first-year students at Phenikaa University in 2024. Utilizing venous blood samples analyzed with a Beckman Coulter DxH600 automated hematology analyzer at the university's general clinic, the research aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of this important health issue within the student population. The findings revealed an overall prevalence of anemia at 4.74%, with a notable disparity between genders; female students exhibited a significantly higher rate (7.95%) compared to male students (0.89%). The average hemoglobin concentration among anemic individuals was 119.20 g/L for males and 109.61 g/L for females. Importantly, the majority of anemia cases were classified as mild (4.45%), with moderate and severe cases being rare (0.29% and 0.01%, respectively). Furthermore, the study identified that microcytic hypochromic anemia accounted for 2.76% of all cases. These results highlight the need for targeted health education and nutritional interventions, particularly for female students. The prevalence figures are compared with other regional and international studies, indicating that while Phenikaa University's first-year students show a relatively lower prevalence of severe anemia, the presence of even mild forms, especially microcytic hypochromic anemia often linked to iron deficiency, warrants attention. The study underscores the value of routine health screenings and early detection for implementing timely support strategies to improve student well-being and academic potential at Phenikaa University.