Kiến thức, thực hành phòng ngừa chuẩn ở nhân viên y tế tại Bệnh viện Mắt – Tai Mũi Họng – Răng Hàm Mặt An Giang năm 2024

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a persistent threat to patient safety and public health, necessitating robust infection control measures. Standard precautions are foundational strategies designed to minimize the transmission of pathogens within clinical settings, thereby protecting both patients and healthcare workers. In specialized environments such as Eye-Ear-Nose-Throat-Dental hospitals, where procedures may involve close contact and potential exposure, diligent adherence to these precautions is paramount. This study addresses a critical gap by describing the current status of knowledge and practice regarding standard precautions among healthcare workers at An Giang Eye - Ear Nose Throat - Dental Hospital, aiming to identify areas for improvement in infection prevention and control.

Healthcare professionals, hospital administrators, public health researchers, and policymakers focused on infection control and patient safety, particularly in specialized hospital settings.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the knowledge and practice of standard precautions among 120 healthcare workers across clinical and paraclinical departments at An Giang Eye - Ear Nose Throat - Dental Hospital. The research utilized questionnaires for knowledge assessment and direct observation for practice evaluation, employing univariate analysis to identify associated factors. Results indicated a high proportion of healthcare workers (89.7%) achieved satisfactory knowledge scores on standard precautions, with strengths in waste management (90.0%) but lower scores in linen handling (79.4%). Overall, 90.8% demonstrated good knowledge. However, practice adherence was considerably lower, with only 66.7% achieving satisfactory practice scores and a mere 42.5% exhibiting good standard precaution practices overall. Specific areas like environmental surface hygiene (49.5%) showed significant deficiencies, contrasting with high adherence to glove removal procedures (92.0%). Univariate analysis revealed that age, occupation, professional qualifications, participation in infection prevention and control training, and possessing good knowledge of standard precautions were significantly associated with better practice outcomes. The study concludes that despite relatively strong knowledge, there is a considerable gap in the application of standard precautions in daily practice. These findings underscore the urgent need for the hospital to strengthen continuous training programs and supervision mechanisms to translate knowledge effectively into consistent practice among its healthcare workers, ultimately enhancing patient safety and reducing the risk of healthcare-associated infections.