Kiến thức và thực hành về phòng bệnh sỏi đường tiết niệu của người dân đến khám và điều trị ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Thủ Đức, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2025

Urolithiasis remains a pervasive global health concern, with particularly high prevalence observed in Southeast Asian countries, including Vietnam. The escalating incidence and recurrence of urinary tract stones underscore the critical importance of effective prevention strategies. A key aspect of successful prevention lies in the population's knowledge and adherence to correct practices concerning diet, lifestyle, and early detection. However, existing research often highlights gaps in public understanding and preventive behaviors. This study addresses this vital area by investigating the current knowledge and practices regarding urolithiasis prevention among patients seeking care at Thu Duc General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, in 2025, while also identifying factors associated with these outcomes.

Healthcare professionals (urologists, nephrologists, general practitioners), public health policymakers, medical educators, and researchers focused on preventative medicine and patient education.

This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the knowledge and practices related to **urolithiasis** prevention among 400 outpatients aged 18 and above at Thu Duc General Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City during 2025. Employing a validated questionnaire, the research aimed to delineate the current status and identify associated factors influencing preventive behaviors. The findings revealed a concerningly low prevalence of adequate knowledge, with only 35.5% of participants demonstrating sufficient understanding of **urolithiasis** prevention, while 64.5% were inadequate. Similarly, just 29.0% exhibited correct preventive **practices**, contrasting sharply with the 71.0% who did not. Key factors significantly associated with adequate knowledge included marital status (OR=2.6) and educational level (OR=2.73). For correct **practices**, significant associations were found with gender (OR=5.04), marital status (OR=2.22), and reason for hospital visit (OR=1.89). Crucially, the study established a strong statistical link between knowledge and practice, indicating that individuals with adequate knowledge were nearly three times more likely to engage in correct preventive behaviors (OR=2.86; p=0.001). These results underscore the urgent need for enhanced health communication and education efforts. The study advocates for integrating **urolithiasis** prevention counseling into routine nephrology-urology examination protocols and leveraging engaging visual materials and short videos in waiting areas to improve public awareness and **practices**.