LÍ THUY T TI NG ANH – TOPIC – GI I T – PREPOSITIONSẾ Ế Ớ Ừ
Compiled by: TRAN CAM NGHIA MANLY My phone number: 0902055853
Prepositions
Prepositions
Gi i t là t hay c m t th ng đc dùng tr c danh t hay đi t đ ch m i liên h ớ ừ ừ ụ ừ ườ ượ ướ ừ ạ ừ ể ỉ ố ệ
gi a các t này v i các thành ph n khác trong câu.ữ ừ ớ ầ
I. Các lo i gi i t (Kinds of preposition)ạ ớ ừ :
1. Gi i t ch th i gian (Prepositions of time)ớ ừ ỉ ờ :
• IN (trong, vào) đc dùng đ ch các bu i trong ngày (ngo i tr at night), tháng, năm, mùa,ượ ể ỉ ổ ạ ừ
th p niên, th k ho c kho ng th i gian t ng lai.ậ ế ỷ ặ ả ờ ở ươ
Ex: in the morning, in January, in 1990, in the summer, in the 1990s, in the 20th century,
in the Middle Age, in ten minutes
IN TIME: đúng lúc, k p lúcị
Ex: Will you be home in time for dinner?
• AT (vào lúc) đc dùng đ ch th i đi m ho c các k ngh (tòan b nh ng ngày trong k ượ ể ỉ ờ ể ặ ỳ ỉ ộ ữ ỳ
ngh )ỉ
Ex: at 6 o’clock, at night, at noon, at midnight, at bedtime, at dawn, at the weekend,
at Christmas, at New Year, at Easter
At : đc dùng trong m t s c m t ch th i gian: ượ ộ ố ụ ừ ỉ ờ at the moment, at present, at the same
time, at once, at that time, at first, at last
• ON (vào) đc dùng đ ch ngày trong tu n, ngày tháng trong năm, ngày trong k ngh ượ ể ỉ ầ ỳ ỉ
ho c các bu i trong ngày c th .ặ ổ ụ ể
Ex: on Monday, on 5th January, on Christmas Day, on Monday morning, on one’s
birthday
ON TIME: đúng giờ
Ex: The train arrived right on time.
• FOR (trong) + kho ng th i gian: ả ờ for two months, for a long time
• SINCE (t , t khi)ừ ừ + m c th i gian: ố ờ since last Monday, since 2002
• UNTIL/ TILL (đn, cho đn)ế ế : until 5 o’clock, till midnight
• BEFORE (tr c, tr c khi)ướ ướ : before lunchtime
• AFTER (sau, sau khi): after luchtime
• DURING (trong, su t)ố: during World War II
• BY (vào lúc): by the end of May
• FROM … TO (t … đn)ừ ế : from morning to noon
2. Gi i t ch n i ch n (Prepositions of place)ớ ừ ỉ ơ ố :
• AT ( , t i)ở ạ đc dùng đ ch v trí t i m t đi m.ượ ể ỉ ị ạ ộ ể
Ex: at home, at school, at the bus stop, at the airport, at the office, at the cinema, at the
seaside, at the grocer’s, at the top/ bottom, at the beginning/ end, at the front/ back
* L u ý: arrive ưat the village/ the airport/ the railway station
But: arrive in Vietnam/ Ho Chi Minh City
• IN (trong, trong)ở đc dùng đ ch v trí trong m t di n tích, m t không gian; dùng tr cượ ể ỉ ị ộ ệ ộ ướ
tên đng, tên th tr n, thành ph , qu c gia, mi n, ph ng h ng ho c dùng v i các ườ ị ấ ố ố ề ươ ướ ặ ớ
ph ng ti n đi l i b ng xe h i (car).ươ ệ ạ ằ ơ
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My email: trancamnghia@yahoo.com.vn
My address: TRA GIANG 2 HAMLET, LUONG SON VILLAGE, NINH SON
DISTRICT, NINH THUAN PROVINCE
LÍ THUY T TI NG ANH – TOPIC – GI I T – PREPOSITIONSẾ Ế Ớ Ừ
Compiled by: TRAN CAM NGHIA MANLY My phone number: 0902055853
Ex: in a box, in a small room, in the countryside, in the world, in Oxford Street, in London, in
Vietnam, in the east, in a car/ taxi
* L u ý: ưin a car (trong xe h i), but: ơby car (b ng xe h i)ằ ơ
• ON (trên, trên)ở đc dùng đ ch v trí trên b m t, s t ng trong m t tòa nhà, tr c tên ượ ể ỉ ị ề ặ ố ầ ộ ướ
đng (US) ho c dùng v i m t s ph ng ti n đi l i.ườ ặ ớ ộ ố ươ ệ ạ
Ex: on the table, on the wall, on the ground, on the first floor, on Albert Street, on a bus/
train/ plane/ (motor)bike/ horse, on foot
On c n đc dùng trong m t s c m t : ị ượ ộ ố ụ ừ on the left/ right, on the farm, on the coast/ beach,
on TV/ radio…
• ABOVE/ OVER (bên trên – không ti p xúc v i b m t)ế ớ ề ặ
Ex: Her name comes above mine on the list.
The sign over the door said: “Exit”.
• UNDER/ BELOW ( d i, d i)ở ướ ướ
Ex: The shoes are under the chair.
The temperature has fallen below zero.
• IN FRONT OF ( phía tr c)ở ướ , BEHIND ( phía sau)ở, IN THE MIDDLE OF ( gi a)ở ữ
Ex: I hung my raincoat in front of/ behind the door.
• NEAR (g n)ầ
Ex: Is there a train station near here?
• NEXT TO, BY, BESIDE (bên c nh, k bên)ạ ế
Ex: Peter is standing by the gate.
• BETWEEN ( gi a hai ng i/ v t)ở ữ ườ ậ , AMONG ( gi a nhi u ng i/ v t)ở ữ ề ườ ậ
Ex: Tom is sitting between Mary and Peter.
Tom is among the crowd.
• INSIDE ( bên trong)ở, OUTSIDE ( bên ngòai)ở
Ex: Luckily, no one was inside the building when it collapsed.
• OPPOSITE (đi di n)ố ệ
Ex: They sat opposite each other.
3. Gi i t ch s chuy n đng (Prepositions of movement)ớ ừ ỉ ự ể ộ :
• TO (đn)ế
Ex: He goes to school by bus.
• FROM … TO (t … đn)ừ ế
Ex: How far is it from New York to California?
• THROUGH (xuyên qua)
Ex: They walked through the woods.
• ACROSS (ngang qua)
Ex: The children ran straight across in front of our car.
• ROUND/ AROUND (quanh)
Ex: The earth moves round/ around the sun.
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My email: trancamnghia@yahoo.com.vn
My address: TRA GIANG 2 HAMLET, LUONG SON VILLAGE, NINH SON
DISTRICT, NINH THUAN PROVINCE
LÍ THUY T TI NG ANH – TOPIC – GI I T – PREPOSITIONSẾ Ế Ớ Ừ
Compiled by: TRAN CAM NGHIA MANLY My phone number: 0902055853
• ALONG (d c theo)ọ
Ex: We had a walk along the river bank.
• UP (lên)/ DOWN (xu ng)ố
Ex: We followed her up the stair.
• TOWARD(S) (v phía)ề
Ex: Mary stood up and walked towards Peter.
4. M t s gi i t khácộ ố ớ ừ :
- Gi i t ch m c đích: ớ ừ ỉ ụ for, to, in order to, so as to (đ)ể
- Gi i t ch nguyên nhân: ớ ừ ỉ for, because of, owning to (b i vì)ở
- Gi i t ch ph ng ti n: ớ ừ ỉ ươ ệ by, with (b ng), ằthrough (nh qua)ờ
- Gi i t ch th cách: ớ ừ ỉ ể with ( v i)ớ, without (không có)
- Gi i t ch s t ng quan: ớ ừ ỉ ự ươ according to (tùy theo), instead of (thay vì), in spite of (m c ặ
dù)
II. Gi i t theo sau danh t , tính t và đng t (Prepositions following nouns, ớ ừ ừ ừ ộ ừ
adjectives, and verbs):
1. Noun + preposition:
FOR
affection for: yêu m nế need for: s c n thi t choự ầ ế
demand for: nhu c u vầ ề reputation for: s n i ti ngự ổ ế
reason for: lý do vềregret for: nu i ti cố ế
responsibility for: trách nhi mệadmiration for: khâm ph cụ
talent for: tài năng desire for: s mong mu nự ố
cure for: vi c ch a tr choệ ữ ị
IN
rise in: phát tri n, tăngểincrease in: phát tri n, tăngể
decresase in: gi mảbelief in: tin
experience in: có kinh nghi mệinterest in: thích, quan tâm
delay in: trì hõan
OF
cause of: nguyên nhânadvantage/ disadvantage of: thu n l i/ b t l iậ ợ ấ ợ
knowledge of: ki n th cế ứ lack of: thi uế
opinion of: ý ki nếbenefit of: l i íchợ
example of: ví dụsense of: ý th cứ
TO
damage to: s h h i đi v iự ư ạ ố ớ invitation to: l i m iờ ờ
reaction to: ph n ngả ứ solution to: gi i phápả
attitude to: thái độaccess to: ph ng ti nươ ệ
threat to: đe d aọreply to: đáp l iạ
ON
effect on: nh h ngả ưở influence on: nh h ngả ưở
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My email: trancamnghia@yahoo.com.vn
My address: TRA GIANG 2 HAMLET, LUONG SON VILLAGE, NINH SON
DISTRICT, NINH THUAN PROVINCE
LÍ THUY T TI NG ANH – TOPIC – GI I T – PREPOSITIONSẾ Ế Ớ Ừ
Compiled by: TRAN CAM NGHIA MANLY My phone number: 0902055853
advice on: khuyênreport on: báo cáo
WITH
relationship with: m i quan hố ệ connection with: s liên quan v iự ớ
contact with: s ti p xúc v iự ế ớ association with: s k t giao v iự ế ớ
link with: liên k t v iế ớ trouble with: có v n đ v iấ ề ớ
BETWEEN
difference between: s khác bi tự ệ comparison between: so sánh
2. Adjective + preposition:
ABOUT
annoyed (with sb) about: b c t cự ứ excited about: hào h ngứ
anxious/ worried about: lo l ngắ furious about: điên ti t vế ề
careful about: c n th n vẩ ậ ề happy about: h nh phúcạ
careless about: b t c n vấ ẩ ề sad/ upset about: bu n/ th t v ngồ ấ ọ
concerned about: quan tâmserious about: nghiêm túc về
confused about: nh m l n vầ ẩ ề sorry about/ for: xin l i vỗ ề
AT
amazed at: kinh ng c vạ ề good at: d v ở ề (good for: t t choố)
bad at: d vở ề (bad for: x u choấ) quick at: nhanh nh n vẹ ề
clever at: khéo léo về skillful at: khéo léo về
excellent at: xu t s c vấ ắ ề surprised at: ng c nhiên vạ ề
FOR
available for: có s nẵ late for: trễ
eager for: nóng lòng chờnecessary for: c n thi t choầ ế
eligible for: x ng đáng choứ responsible for: ch u trách nhi mị ệ
famous for: n i ti ngổ ế useful for: có ích cho
known for: n i ti ngổ ế
FROM
absent from: v ng m t ắ ặ ở free from/ of: thóat kh iỏ
different from: khác v iớsafe from: an tòan
IN
disappointed in/ with: th t v ngấ ọ involved in: có liên quan
interested in: quan tâmrich in: giàu có, phong phú
successful in: thành công
OF
afraid of: sợfull of: đy ầ
ahead of: đi tr cướ guilty of: có t iộ
ashamed of: h th nổ ẹ independent of: đc l pộ ậ
aware/ conscious of: ý th cứ jealous of: ghen tị
capable of: có kh năng ảproud of: t hàoự
certain of/ about: ch c vắ ề scared of: ho ng sả ợ
confident of: t tinựshort of: c n ki tạ ệ
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My email: trancamnghia@yahoo.com.vn
My address: TRA GIANG 2 HAMLET, LUONG SON VILLAGE, NINH SON
DISTRICT, NINH THUAN PROVINCE
LÍ THUY T TI NG ANH – TOPIC – GI I T – PREPOSITIONSẾ Ế Ớ Ừ
Compiled by: TRAN CAM NGHIA MANLY My phone number: 0902055853
envious of: ghen tịsure of: ch cắ
fond of: thích tired of: chán
frightened of: sợ typical of: tiêu bi uể
TO
accustomed to: quen grateful to sb for sth: bi t nế ơ
addicted to: nghi nệopposed to: ph n điả ố
committed to: t n t yậ ụ harmful to: có h i choạ
contrary to: trái v iớimportant to: quan tr ng v iọ ớ
dedicated to: t n t yậ ụ married to: thành h n v iơ ớ
devoted to: t n tâmậopen to: m ra choở
equal to: b ng v iằ ớ similar to: t ng t v iươ ự ớ
essential to/ for: c n thi t choầ ế
WITH
acquainted with: quen v iớfriendly with: thân thi nệ
angry with/ at sb about sth: gi nậhappy with/ about: h nh phúc vạ ề
angry with/ at sb for doing sth: gi n ậhonest with: thành th t v iậ ớ
bored with/ fed up with: chán v iớidentical with: gi ng h t v iố ệ ớ
busy with: b n r n v iậ ộ ớ impatient with: m t kiên nh n v iấ ẫ ớ
crowded with: đông đúc patient with: kiên nh n v iẫ ớ
disappointed with: th t v ngấ ọ pleased/ satisfied with: hài lòng v iớ
familiar with: quen thu c v iộ ớ popular with: ph bi n v iổ ế ớ
OF/ TO
generous/ good/ kind/ nice/ polite/ rude/ stupid… to sb
generous/ good/ kind/ nice/ polite/ rude/ stupid… of sb to do sth
3. Verb + preposition:
ABOUT
care about sb/ sth: coi tr ngọremind sb about sth: nh c ai nhắ ớ
(care for: thích) (remind sb of sb/ sth: g i ai nh đnợ ớ ế )
complain about: phàn nàntalk about sb/ sth: nói chuy n vệ ề
dream about/ of sb/ sth: m vơ ề tell sb about sb/ sth: nói v i ai vớ ề
forget about: quênthink about/ of sb/ sth: nghĩ về
hear about sth: nghe nói về warn sb about/ of sth: c nh báo vả ề
(hear from sb: nghe tin t c c a aiứ ủ ) worry about: lo l ngắ
learn about: bi tế
AT
aim (sth) at sb/ sth: nh m vàoắshout at sb: la m ng aiắ
arrive at/ in: đn t iế ạ (shout to sb: goi l n aiớ)
glance at sb/ sth: li c nhìnếsmile at sb: m m c i v i aiỉ ườ ớ
laugh at sb: c i nh o aiườ ạ stare at sb/ sth: nhìn chăm chú
look at sb/ sth: nhìn vàothrow sth at sb: ném m nh vào aiạ
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My address: TRA GIANG 2 HAMLET, LUONG SON VILLAGE, NINH SON
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