Nghiên cứu về kháng kháng sinh của các gốc vi khuẩn Staphylococcus aureus phân lập từ chó tại các phòng khám thú y ở TP. Hồ Chí Minh

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) represents a pervasive opportunistic pathogen impacting both human and veterinary health, with growing concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus, notably methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), signifies a critical public health threat. Despite oxacillin primarily targeting human infections, resistance in animal populations has been increasingly documented, driven by escalating pet ownership and the potential for zoonotic transmission. In Ho Chi Minh City, a highly urbanized area with numerous veterinary clinics, current data on S. aureus resistance in canine populations is limited. This study addresses this gap by investigating the antimicrobial resistance patterns of S. aureus isolated from dogs in local veterinary facilities, aiming to inform and alert the community, particularly veterinarians and pet owners, about the severity of this evolving challenge.

Các bác sĩ thú y, nhà nghiên cứu vi sinh vật và bệnh truyền nhiễm, cán bộ y tế công cộng, và sinh viên ngành thú y.

This study systematically evaluated the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dogs in Ho Chi Minh City, employing the disk diffusion method with 14 commonly used antibiotics according to CLSI guidelines. The results revealed a high prevalence, with 83.33% of samples testing positive for Staphylococcus aureus. A significant level of antimicrobial resistance was observed, particularly against beta-lactam antibiotics, with resistance rates reaching 95% for penicillin, 87.5% for ampicillin, and 55% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Notably, 25% of isolates exhibited oxacillin resistance, indicating potential transmission from human sources given its limited use in veterinary medicine. Furthermore, substantial resistance was noted for gentamicin (40%), tetracycline (32.5%), and ciprofloxacin (35%). A concerning finding was that 82.5% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates demonstrated a multi-drug resistance phenotype, resisting seven or more antibiotics. The prevalence of intermediate susceptibility (17.5-40%) across various antibiotic classes further underscores the evolving challenge of resistance development. These findings affirm that Staphylococcus aureus acts as a significant "superbug," with its widespread and potent resistance, including both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, presenting a considerable risk for transmission within the community, even from apparently healthy canine carriers. The research provides crucial insights into the current state of antibiogram patterns in dogs, advocating for enhanced awareness and vigilant identification and management of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary practice and public health in Ho Chi Minh City.