Nguyên nhân và thắng lợi của cuộc tấn công vào đất Tống do Lý Thường Kiệt chỉ huy qua ghi chép của Thư tịch Trung Quốc

NGUYEN NHAN VA T H A N G LOI CUA CUOC TAN C O N G<br /> VAO DilT TdNG DD LY THUfiTNG Kl|T CHI HUY<br /> QUA GHI CH^P CUA THlTTjCH TRUNG QU(^C<br /> <br /> NGUYEN H O U T A M *<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> S i li§u cia Vi§t Nam chdp vl cu^c<br /> ttfn cdng cia L^ Thfling Ki§t vfio<br /> dtft Ting cudi nfim 1075 diu nfim 1076 tfip<br /> s i Ii§u Trung Qud'c chdp vl cu^c td'n cdng<br /> cudi nfim 1075 diu ndm 1076 vfio dfi't Tong<br /> (2),<br /> trung vfio cfic bd ehfnh s i nhfl: Viit sit lUgc, Thfl tjch Trung Qud'c dSi Ting chip vl<br /> B^i Vi& sit ky todn thU, Kh&m dinh Vi^t sit quan h§ L^ - Tl'ng co Tdng sU, Tdng si ky<br /> thdng gidm cUang muc, ngodi ra cdc sdch syl bdn mgt, Tdng hdi yiu, Tdng thU, B6ng<br /> s i khdc nhu: Viit di^n u linh, Thiin Uyin Dd sii luge vfi m^t s i sach khfic.<br /> tdp anh ngS luc vfi m$t so vfin bia cung cd Trong nhiing thfl tich dd, bd Tuc tU tri<br /> dl cdp din cupc tflji cong ndy. Tuy v^iy, cdc thdng gidm trUifng biin vilt vl quan h§<br /> s i H^u cia 'Vi^t Nam cung chfla phan dnh Td'ng-L^ kha chi tilt, cung cflTp cho ching ta<br /> dflyc diy du vl cudc td'n cdng vdo dd't Tdng mOt khU Ifldng s i lidu phong p h i vl cdc<br /> nhflng ndm 70 t b i ky XI do Ly Thfldng cu^c chiln tranh gifla trilu h^ vd trilu<br /> Ki^t chi huy. Ching ta ein tim thdm tfl Ting, d$c bi^t vl cudc tfin cong vdo dd't<br /> li$u ghi chip cia ehfnh cfic sach s i Trung Td'ng do L^ Thfldng Kidt ebi huy culi nfim<br /> QuIc, ddc bi^t Id nhflng bd s i dUdng thcli dl 1075. Chung tdi xin dfldc gidi thifu khdi<br /> t i dd ed m$t nh^n djnh khdch quan vd qudt vl tdc gia eilng n^i dung chfnh cia bd<br /> trung thflc ddi vdi nguydn nhdn, qud trinh sfich.<br /> diSn biln cu$e tSin cdng,<br /> Tdc gia bO sfich 16 Lf Ddo (1115-1184),<br /> Vdo ndm 1949, Hofing Xufin Han dd vilt sing dfldi trilu Nam Tdng, tdn ti^ Id Nhdn<br /> culh sach Ly ThUdng Ki^t: Lich sit ngoai P h i vd T i Trinh, t i r bi§u Id Td'n Nham, do<br /> giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly (1). Dfiy Id tfic Tiin si ndm t b i 8 nidn bi^u Thi$u Hflng<br /> phim chuydn khao, nghidn cflu m$t edeh (1138), ngflii 6 Dan Lfing, My Chfiu, tinh<br /> khoa hoe, nghidm t i c vd hodn cbinh nbtft Tfl Xuyln. Sau khi do Tiin si, con dfldng<br /> vl todn bp cu^c dii cing nhflng vd cdng bo^n 1| cua L^ Dfio khd hanh thing hiln<br /> hiln bdch cia Ly Thfling Ki$t. Tac gia da dtit, tiftig gifl cdc chic Tri chfiu, Tri huydn,<br /> tien hdnh khao ciu ky cfing, phfin tfch ti nfim t h i 3 nidn hi0u Cfin Dao Ting Hilu<br /> mi nguon thfl tich Vi0t Nam, d$c bi§t Id cdc tdng (1167) dfl^c nhd vua tridu vfio Kinh,<br /> <br /> <br /> *TS. Vien S i hoc<br /> Rguyen nhan va th^ng 10...<br /> <br /> sau dfldc thdng chflc Bf thfl Thilu gidm Trong vdng 14 nfim, tii ndm diu niin<br /> kiem Kh6i cfl chu xa nhfin, Thflc li^c vi^n hidu Long Hflng Ting Hilu Tfing (1163)<br /> Kiem thao. Vl sau do each gdp ^ khdng 1dm din ndm thfl 4 nidn hilu Thuin Hy Ting<br /> vfla long Tl tfldng, ndn phai chuyin ra gifl Hilu Tdng (1177), tdc gia da 4 lin dfing<br /> chflc Ho Bic chuyin vfin phd si, Vdo tflng phin sdeh Idn nhd vua dgc duy^t.<br /> nhflng ndm thudc nidn hidu Thuin Hy, dng Nfim thfl 10 nidn hi§u Thuin Hy (1183),<br /> dfldc thang Le bd Thi lang, Phu vdn cdc sdch dfldc tring bidn thfinh 980 quyin,<br /> Hoc SI, Ding tu Qud'c s i . 6ng chit lie 70 eOng thdm "Ci ylu" 68 quyin, "Tu hodn sfl<br /> tuoi, dfldc ban tdn thuy Id Vfin Gian. Tong mvc" 10 quyin, "Tong myc" 5 quyin,<br /> Ly Dao lfi ngfldi doc rdng cac thfl tich, tong s i Idn tdi 1063 quyin, 14 Ddo da suu<br /> chuydn tdm nghidn cflu lich s i . Ong cdn dl tim, bidn soan trong thdi gian 40 ndm mdi<br /> lai hdn 20 tac phim gdm cd: Tuc hodng hodn thfinh bd sdch.<br /> c6ng khanh bdch quan biiu, TUh^ ly.c, Lich Cdc hoc gia chuydn sau vl Ijch s i trilu<br /> dgi Te tu&ng niin biiu, Giang td phUOng Tong cua Trung Qud'c ddnh gifi r i t eao b^<br /> trdn nien biiu. Thien Hy dt lai ngU sit niin Tuc tu tri thdng gidm trUdng bien cia Lf<br /> biiu, Bich hgc. Xu&n Thu hgc... Ddo. Bd sfich ghi chi^p rd't ky cdng, tfl lieu<br /> phong phi. Id mdt trong nguin s i lidu cd<br /> hf Ddo md phong theo t h i Id bd Tit tri<br /> ban de nghidn cflu vl lich s i cac trilu dai<br /> thdng gidm c i a Tfl Ma Quang, ghi chdp cac<br /> Lieu, Tong, Tfiy Ha.<br /> sfl kien cia 9 Abi vua Bdc Tl'ng, tong cPng<br /> la 168 ndm, bdt diu tfl nam thfl nhfi't nidn Sach vin cd 980 quyin, nhflng tfl Idu da<br /> bieu Kien Long Ting Thai to' Tridu Khuong bi thd't truyen, ban hiln nay dang dfldc s i<br /> Dfin (hoac Ddn) (960), cho de'n nam thfl 2 dung cd 520 quyin do trieu Thanh khi bidn<br /> nien hidu Tinh Khang Tong Khdm tSng soan Tit kkd todn thU da chdp tfl bo Vinh<br /> Tridu Hodn (1127), ddt tdn la Tuc tU tri Lgc dgi diin. Trong d6, thieu cac phin tfl<br /> thdng gidm trUbng bien. Ly Dao thu thdp thang 4, nfim thfl 4 nien hidu Tr; Binh<br /> Ting Anh tdng (1067) din thdng 3, nam<br /> rong rdi tu lieu tfl cbfnh si, thflc lue, hdi<br /> thfl 3 nidn hidu Hy Ninh T£fng Thin tdng<br /> ylu.,, c i a trieu Bfie Ting, cho tdi cac sach<br /> (1070), tfl thang 7, ndm thfl 8 nidn hidu<br /> tfl gia, da s i , bia md... sau do tiin hdnh doi<br /> Nguyin Hflu Tong Triet Tong (1093) din<br /> chieu, dinh chfnh, khao ching tfl5ng tfin,<br /> thang 3 ndm thfl 4 nidn hi$u Thidu Thdnh<br /> rut ra nhflng tfldng ddng di bidt, phin<br /> Tong Trilt Tdng (1097), tfl thdng 2 den<br /> nhieu cd si cfl. Tac gia c h i trfldng nguydn thang 12 ndm thfl 3 nidn hidii Nguydn P h i<br /> tac "Tha khdng 1dm m i t di cai phflc tstp, Tong Trilt Tdng (1100) cing vdi todn bd<br /> cdn hdn la dl sd Ifldc". Neu cdc tfl lidu ghi phin ghi chdp edc sfl kidn eua hai ddi vua<br /> chip khdc nhau, se dl nguydn cdc gia Td'ng Huy Tong (1102-1125) vd Ting Kham<br /> thuyet vd chu them xufi't xfl giong nhfl bd Tdng (1126-1127) (3).<br /> sach Thdng gidm khao di. Khi sflu tim tfl<br /> lidu, Ly Ddo dung cac hop g6 dflng edc the, 1. Nguydn nhfin Ly Thrfing Kilt<br /> mdi hop gom 20 the ghi chip cac sfl kidn dem qudn ta'n cong vdo da't Tong<br /> dfldc ddnh s i theo phfldng phap can chi, 1.1. Phia Tdng ^ co dm. mUu vd chudn<br /> dflng diu Id Gidp T$. Sfl kiln trong mSi bi IJJSC luang ddnh vdo Bgi Viit<br /> nam dflde phdn chia theo thang, ngdy, Ngay tfl nfim 1073, Tl'ng Thin Tdng Vd<br /> trfldc sau sap xep trong cdc hop g5. Te tfldng Vfldng An Thach da ddt k l hoach<br />  Rghian cliru Lteh ail-, atf 4.8012<br /> <br /> vfi t^o dilu ki^n cbo cfic quan l^i bidn gidi Tbin khdo eho chiiu bfii Khdi, ndi ring: Hy<br /> tim cfich xfim lU(?c ving bidn Ting vd D^i hd ding binh chfla cd k^ nghi. Thim Khdi l^i<br /> Vi$t. Dilu nfiy chfnh s i Ting da chip rl: 6 phUdng Nam tgio nfin ldi dH quanh, tuy<br /> "Hy Ninh ndm thfl 6 (1073), m i a b? thdng mud'n tri t^i Khdi cho ydn trong ngodi, nhflng<br /> 4, ngdy M$u Din (ming 6 Am ljeh), Tfin tri An Tb^cb khfing chju ph^ng chiiu" (4).<br /> Qui Chfiu Id Thim Khdi xin tfl nay bin 10 Khfing nhflng ngtfm nglm chi d^o cdc<br /> cd vi^c bidn gidi tbi theo 4 1§ Thilm Tfiy, bidn thin l$p k l ho^ch ehuin h\ xfim Ifl^fc<br /> chi trlnh Kinh Ifldc ty, chuydn trdch x i trf D^i Vi|t, ngofii ra trilu Tl'ng edn trao thdm<br /> vd lfim td khai tfiu bilt. Vua y theo. Khdi cdc chic trdch vfi t&p bgp li^c Ifldng, Ifldng<br /> l^i sai ngfldi ra cfiu dfldng h^t ngodi. Vua thao t^o dilu ki|n eho cfing viv'c tiin hdnh<br /> nhin Vfldng An Th^eh bio r&ng; Chl huy thu^n Ipi.<br /> thi' ndo diy? An Thpeh xin tbeo ban cfing<br /> "Hy Ninh ndm thfl 6 (1073), mia ha<br /> vfin y tfiu xin, cho Khii lfim Gidm ty. Vua<br /> thdng 4, ngfiy Tfin Mfio (18 Am lich), Vua<br /> bao ring dfl^. Ban ky ridng cia An Th^cb<br /> sai Tfin tri Qutf chfiu, Thidn chfldng cfic Dai<br /> l^i chdp ring; Vua sai Khdi bf m$t vi^e<br /> chl lfi Thim Khdi kidm Dl c i Ifldng thao"<br /> kinh chl Giao Chi, cfic dng diu khfing ndn<br /> (5).<br /> dif nghe. Tfi't'ca cdc ldi tfiu xin, vua diu bfio<br /> vfi cbo phdp, "Hy Ninh ndm t h i 6 (1073), mia ha<br /> thfing 4, ngdy Nhdm Thin (19 Am lich),<br /> Trin Qufin bdn rling: Ldi tfiu An Th^cb Tdn tri Q u i chfiu lfi Thim Khdi xin dem<br /> bdo cfio vdi vua: Vide binh khdng thdi ndo d^ng binh d 61 khe d^ng v l Ung Chfiu xip<br /> Id khfing ding. Thin khao bao ring: Ding thdnh bao gidp, sai quan d^y t$p. Vua y<br /> binh sao ed thi vd danh. An Thach tau; B$ theo vd cd'p cho 300 td d$ ddng di$p" (6).<br /> ha hdn muo'n ding binh tbi lo gi vd danh,<br /> Cho din nhflng ndm tri \^ tilp theo cia<br /> cho ndn nfim t h i 7 chip chfnh md 4 lin<br /> Ting TbIn tfing, nhihig hdnh d^ng chuIn<br /> 1dm vide bidn. Thin khao ngoi ydn chip tay<br /> bi cho vi$c xfim Ifl^c c i a Td'ng dfii vdi trilu<br /> mong thdnh. Nhflng khi 1dm dfl^c si^ thfinh Ly cfing din d^p vd cy t h i hdn, th^ni chf<br /> thi lai quy cdng b An Th^cb, mfi sfl khing ddn dl'n vi0e gilt hdng nghin ngfldi d chdu<br /> thfinh thi nb^n l5i d minb.,. Vide d Quang d$ng dpc bidn cfldng, trong td ehilu ngdy<br /> Tdy, Thim Khdi cung nh$n ehi vua d An Dinh Siu (22 Am ljeh, 27-4-1076) cd trich<br /> Thach. Din lie b^i tr^n Thin khao cbe chd din nhflng ghi chip cia Tfl Ma Quang nhu<br /> si^ loi Trung thfl sinh s\t, rli i y khic tbeo f sau: "Trong thdi Hy Ninh, trilu dinh sai<br /> An Th^ch, tha t^i ehS't eho Khdi. T h i md Thim Khdi, Lifu Di nli nhau tri Qui Chfiu<br /> cung chfla tfliig trdch An Th^ch. Nhfl t b i dl dl chilm Giao Chi, Khdi, Di lfim chiln<br /> Thin khao dii vdi An Tb^ch ddng gpi Id thuyin dofin k i t d$ng dinh dl 1dm bao gidp,<br /> h4u. Cdn An Th^cb nin bdo ddp vua nhfl cd'p cho tr^n dl, sai theo th^ d^y chiln diu.<br /> t h i ndo? Cfic dOng rli Ib^n, ngfldi TbI b i t ngfldi<br /> Nhfl Thim Khdi dSi quanh vi§c Man, Giao Chi,.., nhilu khfing the k l xilt" (7).<br /> din noi dl cho Giao Cbi pham bidn, vfiy Ngdy Dinh D^u (10 Am lich, 18-01-<br /> ham Ung chfiu, Khdm, Lidm thd't t b i , TbI 1076) khi trilu Ly bao vfiy Ung Chfiu, trilu<br /> tbi ngfldi sinh sfl lfi Khdi, ai cung bilt ca, Ting vfii vdng eho ring: "Liie diu Thim<br /> ngfldi t^o mflu lfi An Thach, md ngudi Khdi kinh Ifldc Quang Tfiy ndi b|iy ring: cd<br /> khdng biet hit, Khi vi§c bidn chfla phdt ra, Cbl muu ddnh Giao Chi, Igi tfl ti§n thu nap<br /> ttguyen nhto vt fcAng Ig!..<br /> <br /> Ning Thidn My 6 An Tinh chfiu vd d^t khdc, khdn cing do thiic hi^n biin phdp<br /> thdnh trai d cUdng gidi Dong (Dung) Nghi cia TitUdng VuangAn Thgch<br /> chfiu gilt hai hfing nghin ngfldi, ngfldi Giao Trong td chiiu do Vfldng An Thgch thao<br /> noi loan. Cd ehilu liy Lflu Di thay Khdi ra sau khi bil't tin nfii dung td Ld dd'cia Ly<br /> mong sai di chidu tdp. Md Di lai dii b^y Id Thfldng Ki^t phan ddi biln phfip, ed doan<br /> trilu dinh cd mUu ddnh liy, muln lfim ra chdp: "Khi fi'y Giao Chi pbfi thfinh fi'p nfio<br /> kilu ky di Idp cfing, mdi sai quan vdo khe thi 1dm td kl cfing yit d dfldng sd,.. Lai ndi:<br /> ddng diem tdp thd' binh 1dm bao ngQ trao Trung Qufic 1dm phdp thanh mifiu, trd dich,<br /> eho trfin dS dl hfijig nfim luydn t^p. K l dd, 1dm cing kbin sinh ddn. Ta nay xufi't binh<br /> sai cbl huy nhfin die chu sfl tfip hpp d bd b l muln ciu vdt" (10). Sfl ki^n ndy cung dflpc<br /> chd mull dl gido t§p thiy chiln. Cho ndn Tdng si ky sU bdn mgt ghi lai: "Ndm Hy<br /> khi d'y, ngfldi Giao mdu dich cing chdu Ninh t h i 9 ddi Ting Thin tdng (1076), mfla<br /> huydn n h i t thilt cfi'm ehi, (Nfim thfl 7 ngdy xudn, thfing 2, Ifi'y Quach Quy lfim An Nam<br /> 3 thdng 3 sai Di di xem xdt vi^c Khdi, ndm chidu thao sfl, khi dd b i t dflpc Ld bd cua<br /> thfl 8 thfing 12 Di nghe Chi). Bdi thi, Giao ngfldi Giao. Trong dd vilt: Trung Quoc tien<br /> Chi cang hai long tdp hop binh dinh mflu hdnh phdp thanh midu, trp dich, 1dm cflng<br /> vdo efldp" (8). khd'n sinh dfin. Nay (Giao Chi) xud't binh<br /> muln cflu vdt ddn chung. Khi dd Te tudng<br /> Bd sach Tdng si ky sU bdn mgt, quyin<br /> (Vudng An Thach) phfin nO, Ifi'y Thidn<br /> 15, phdn Giao Ch&u chi biin cung chdp vl<br /> chUdng cfic Dai che lfi Tridu Tilt 1dm Chidu<br /> vide ndy, nhflng d ddy cac tac gia dfi bidn hd<br /> thao sfl dem quan di didt. Tilt ndi: Quy la<br /> cho vide trilu Tong am mUu xfim Id'n bien<br /> ngudi Ifio luydn vide bidn cfldng, xin cho<br /> cfldng vdi ly le Id "Vao nam Hy Ninh thfl 8<br /> lam (Chidu thao) chdnh sfl, md Ky tam<br /> ddi Tong Thin Tdng (1075), trieu dinh nghi Phd. Cho ndn mdi cd lenh ndy" (11).<br /> lufin khai thac bidn cfldng. Tii Que chfiu la<br /> Thim Khdi sai quan vfio vung khe dfing tdp 1.3. Nguydn nhdn thfl ba dfldc Ly<br /> hdp t h i dinb lfim bao ngu, lai tfing cfldng Thfldng Kidt ndu trong Lg dd'tuydn cao vdi<br /> dfit thanh trai tai Dong (Dung) chdu, gilt ddn ching trilu Tong la vi: Trieu Tdng dd<br /> hai hdn nghin ngfldi" (9). dung dudng bgn phdn hgi Bgi Viet, vi thi'<br /> . Nhfl vdy, chfnh thfl tich ddi Ting cung Bgi Viit dem qu&n sang Tdng di tUu diit<br /> da chi ro nguydn nhan khdch quan md bgn phdn bdi. Bong thdi, Ld bdcdn chi ro<br /> trieu Ly phdt ddng cudc td'n cdng vfio dfi't triiu Tdng dd tU chdi khdng trd ldi vdn thu<br /> Tl'ng, trfldc hi't xufi't phat tfl dm mflu, hfinh cia triiu Ly, vd khdng cho d&n ching cUng<br /> dfing chuIn bi xdm Iflde Dai Vi$t cia trilu cdc thuang nh&n triiu Ly vdo ddt Tdng<br /> Ting. Tfl vua den T l tfldng Vfldng An thdng thuang mau dich,<br /> Thach diu nhfi't trf trong vide dung ting Sdeh s i ddi Ting dd chdp vdn thfl cia<br /> bidn t h i n ldng hfinh bidn cfldng, fim mflu trilu Ly gii sang nhd tra xdt vl vide ddm<br /> xdm l i n Dai Vidt, gidc lfim logn bidn cfldng cbgy sang n^i phu<br /> 1.2. Trong td L6 bdmk hy Thfldng Kidt trilu Ting dii hp tdn, hidn dang dfldc bidn<br /> cho quan Unh nidm ylit trdn dfldng t i n cfing thin cia Ting dung dfldng, che chd: "Hy<br /> da neu ro: mgt trong nhitng nguyin nh&n Ninh ndm t h i 8, mia xudn, thfing Gidng<br /> phdi dua qu&n vdo ddt Tdng Id nham giip ngdy Ky Mii (26 Am lich, 14-2-1075), Giao<br /> nh&n ddn triiu Tdng trdnh khoi s^ hd Chi qudn vfldhg Id Ly Cdn Dflc ddng biiu<br />  Rghian ciu Heh sii'. stf 4.gQ12<br /> <br /> tfiu: 'Tdn t h i linh Ma Thdi Ddt d chfiu An 700 ngfldi xin quy thufin dl'n chfiu Thtft<br /> Unh v^n Id ngfldi chdu Dinh Bidn cia bin Nguydn. Thin dfi khdm h^i bilt Ning<br /> dao, di cfl din chdu An Tinh. Nay dii tdn Id Thi|n My trflde vd'n ngfldi thfin D^ng t b u ^<br /> Ning Thi^n My, cing vdi gia thu$c hdn quyin quan hgt ehfiu T h i t Nguydn cua n^i<br /> 700 ngfldi trdn sang n$i dia, xin xlt hdi dja. Nfim xfla dfi bj Giao Chi xfim dogt dii<br /> eho" (12), lfi chfiu An Tinh. Vl p h i djch ylu sdch<br /> Vua Ting dfi ra chiiu cbo cdc vidn quan philn k h i mfi xin quy phi^, khdng n$p dfi't<br /> dia phfldng tlm hilu vd tdu trlnh si;( thi,lc; bi Giao Chi gilt.<br /> Ngdy Tfin Hpi (23 Am Ueb, 31-01-1076), cd XuIng ehilu cho phdp quy tbu^n vfi<br /> chiiu ring: Nghe Ning Thi|n My xin quy thfim hdi flu hfiu.<br /> hdng vi c6 Thim Khdi sai Tilt Ci dem Din nay, Cfin Die ndi vl vi|c nfiy, bdn<br /> ngfldi chidu dy. Khi Lflu Di din sau x i trf ehilu cho Quang Nam tfiy 10 Kinh Ifl^ ty<br /> cung cd tu trdi phfldng phdp mdi 1dm Giao khfim h$i tfl di$p tra ldi vd ban cbilu cho<br /> Chi vfio efldp. Hg l|nh cho Tri Qui chfiu Cdn Die ndi Id khfing thu^n (Ban chiiu nli<br /> Thach Gifim, Quang Nam tfiy 1$ Chuyin khfing thu$n lfi theo Giao Chi vfldng<br /> vdn phdn quan Chu Oe cing Thdi D\ic xdt truyen)" (16).<br /> thuc dem tfiu (ngfiy 22 Di nghe ehi. Ndm "Hi Ninh nfim tbfl 8, mfla dfing, thfing<br /> sau (Hi Ninh tbfl 9), thfing gidng ngdy 9 lai 12, ngdy Quy S i u (25 fim Ijch, 2-2-1076),...<br /> ^ o Chidu thao ty) (13), Khi d'y Giao Chi phd thdnh dp nfio tbi lfim<br /> "Hy Ninh nfim thfl 9, m i a xudn, thdng td k l cfing yIt d dfldng sd, Ndi ring: vi dfin<br /> Gidng, ngay Bfnh Din (9 Am lich, 16-2- b|i phan trfi'n vdo Trung Qutfc, dflpc quan<br /> 1076), Chieu cho An Nam Chidu thao sfl ty Igi dung nhdn cho trd'n, ta sai sfl td'cdo Qui<br /> cing Thach Gidm, Chu Oe xem xdt vi$c quan, khdng dflpc tra ldi. Lgi sai s i vflpt<br /> Thim Khdi, Lflu Di sinh bdy vide bidn, dem biln to cfio b Quang chdu, cung khfing tra<br /> sfl thuc tfiu Idn. Trudc c6 T h i ehilu cho ldi. Cho ndn sfl binh ta duli b i t ke phan<br /> Trung thfl ring Thim Khdi trfldc d Quang trd'n..." (16),<br /> Tdy truyin bdy vi§c mfit cia trilu dinh ed y Cde nguydn nhdn ddnh vdo dfi^t Ting<br /> ehi Kinh lupc ddnh Giao Chdu. Lai khdng c i a Ly Thfldng Ki^t diu da dflpc ghi chip<br /> ddi chiiu, tfl ti^n i y bidn Igi chidu tilp khd diy d i trong nhflng s i li$u cua trilu<br /> Nflng Thi^n My 6 An Tinh chau" (14), Ting, Nhflng ly do ndy khdng phai do phfa<br /> Nhflng cing trong bd sfich Tuc tU tri trilu Ly ti^ tgo ra md xufi't phfit tfl chfnh<br /> thdng gidm trudng biin, b m|t dogn khdc nhflng mflu dl vd hdnh d$ng xdm Iflpc cia<br /> thi Igi chip, do cd si^ tfiu bao cia Thim trilu Tong ddi vdi Dgi Vi§t.<br /> Khdi cho ring ving d i t chfiu Tbfi't Nguydn 2. Qu& t r i n h tan cdng vko dat Tong<br /> trfldc thu$c trilu Ting, ndn vua Tong dfi cua Ly Thi/ctag Ki^t<br /> xuong cbil'u cho phdp Ning Tbi^n My dupe Vdo thdng 10 nfim 1076, trilu Ly da cho<br /> nfii phu vd cdn thfim hdi r i t trpng bdu. Sau m$t dgo qufin dfin binh til'n dfinh thfim dd<br /> dd Igi xul'ng ehilu khdng dong y cho phfa phan flng c i a trilu Tl'ng. "Hy Ninh ndm<br /> trilu Ly dfla Thi^n My vl Dai Vidt xdt boi, t h i 8, thang 9, ngfiy Gidp TufCt (16 Am<br /> "Trflde dd, Quang Nam tay 1§ sfl lfi ljeh, 27-10-1076), ngfiy hdm ly, gi$c Man ed<br /> Thim Khdi ndi ring: Vidn tri chdu An Tinh bdn 700 ngUdi vfio efldp d ddng Cl Vgn (xdt<br /> la Ning Tbi^n My cing bpn gia thu^c hdn Idi tfiu vfio thdng 11 ngfiy 11) (17), Cbo din<br /> Rguyen nhan vn th^ng Igl,.. 27<br /> <br /> <br /> hdn 1 thang sau, trilu dinh Ting mdi dflpc mia ddng, thdng 11, ngfiy Gidp Thfin (26<br /> cac quan dia phfldng thdng bdo si^ kidn Am ljeh, 5-1-1076), Quang Nam Tfiy 1|<br /> trdn, "Hi Ninh ndm thfl 8, m i a ddng thdng kinh Iflpc ty tfiu ring; An Nam tinh hai<br /> 10, ngfiy Bfnh Thin (24 Am Ijch, 4-12- qudn tilt d$ s i cd di^p ndi 2 chfiu Khfim,<br /> 1075), Quang Nam Tdy 1^ Kinh Iflpc ty ndi ehdu Lidm mdi ed chuydn ngdn trd khfing<br /> gidc Man cudp trai Cd' Vgn" (18). Tilp theo cho thdng hda mua bdn vd chfla cho ngfldi<br /> vdo thfing 12, trilu Ly lgi t§p trung hfldng Idn Kinh ddng cl'ng, Cd chilu cho Lflu Di<br /> binh cac ving bidn gidi phfa bfie dl chuIn khfing dflpc ngdn dflt. Khi ly An Nam da<br /> bi td'n cfing, Bidn t h i n trilu Tl'ng thfim vdo efldp, (Cd chilu cho Lflu Di khfing dflpc<br /> thfnb dflpc tin tflc vfii bfio vl trilu dinh "Hi ngfin ch$n An Nam dfit mua Id edn cfl theo<br /> Ninh ndm t b i 8, m i a ddng thdng 11, ngfiy s i ddi vua Thin tfing, Giao Chi truyin th\ec<br /> Ky Ty (11 Am lich, 21-12-1075), Quang Tfiy lgc ndi mia dfing d'y An Nam vdo cUdp. Xdt<br /> Kinh Iflpc ty ndi:.-fed di^p bdo Giao Chi,<br /> ra thfing fi'y, ngfiy 20 da ham Khfim chfiu,<br /> Quang Nguydn chdu tdp hpp hfldng binh<br /> sau 3 ngdy ham Lidm chdu, nay dii lgi) (23),<br /> muon mUu vfio efldp, Lgi ndi Cl Vgn dfing<br /> bi gidc Man danh efldp" (19). Khi nhdn "Hi Ninh ndm t h i 8, mia ddng, thdng<br /> dflpc tin bdo, trieu Ting lgi xuIng chilu: 12 ngfiy Quy Ty (5 Am lich. 13-01-1076),<br /> "nhflng ngfldi ddnh nhau vdi gidc cd cong Quang Nam Tay Id kinh Iflde ty tfiu ndi:<br /> dem tfiu Idn chdng. Nhfi bi efldp vd dot, Giao Chl dem tbiy sfl ddng 6 Hi Dfldng<br /> Ifldng xem de p h i tud't hp (thfing 9 ngdy 15 (24) trd'n, mflu dung hai dfldng vfio efldp,<br /> tflc 27-10-1075 cd efldp dfing Cl Van)" (20). Kham Lidm dd bj ham rli (Thang 11 ngdy<br /> 20 ham Khfim chau, thang 12 ngdy 20 td<br /> Tam ngfiy sau khi trilu dinh T^ng nhdn tfiu mdi din Lidm chau. Phai Id thdng 11<br /> dfldc tin hfldng binh chdu Quang Nguydn ngdy 23 ham, thdng 12 ngfiy 22 td tfiu mdi<br /> tdp trung Ifle lUdng ehuIn bi hdnh dfing, den) (25).<br /> thi tai viing bien phia nam, ngdy 30-12-<br /> "Hi Ninh ndm t h i 8, mua ddng, thdng<br /> 1075, Ly Thfldng Kidt da ddn met dgo quan<br /> 12 (5 Am lich, 13-01-1076), Quang Nam tay<br /> t h i y theo dfldng tfl chau Vinh An ta'n cfing<br /> lfi Kinh lUpc ty noi: Giao Chi dem thuy sfl<br /> vdo chdu Kham, vd ehi sau 3 ngfiy tfi'n eong<br /> ddng d Ho Dfldng trin, mflu ding hai dfldng<br /> tilp vdo chdu Lidm. "Hi Ninh nfim thfl 8,<br /> vfio efldp Khdm chfiu, Lidm chdu. Ngdy 21<br /> mia ddng, thdng 11, ngdy Mdu Din (20<br /> (29-01-1076) Giao Chl vdo efldp, cfing ham<br /> Am Ijch, 30-12-1075), Giao Chi vdy ham<br /> chdu qufin, gilt vfi lam bi thfldng lgi, dfin.<br /> Kham Chdu, sau 3 ngdy (tflc ngdy Tan Ty<br /> Cbil'u cbo Quang Nam 13 Kinh Iflpc ty ndi<br /> 23 Am lich 2-1-1076) lgi vdy ham Lidm<br /> ding k l sach gii chdt, ddt An Nam Id Kinh<br /> Chau" (21) vd cung phai mfit hdn mfit<br /> Iflpc ty, dfl dinh sau khi khing chl dfl^c sfl<br /> thdng sau thi trilu Tong mdi bilt tin chau<br /> kidn ndy (chi vide qufin Ly Thudng Kidt tin<br /> Khfim vd chfiu Lidm da bi qufin trilu Ly<br /> cdng - NHT), se tien hanh ddnh phd tdn sdo<br /> chilm mfi't "(Kham chau tbang 12 ngdy 20<br /> huydt cia chung" (26).<br /> td tfiu din, Lidm ehdu thfing 12 ngdy 22 td<br /> tfiu din)" (22). Cling lie dd, cac bidn thin Cd t h i ndi sfl t i n cdng bd't ngd vd mgnh<br /> lidn tilp dfing tau vl trilu dinh T^ng cdc me cia ddi qufin do Ly Thudng Ki§t Ifinh<br /> tin t i e lien quan dl'n cudc tiin cdng chfiu dao dd gidnh dfldc thfing Ipi nhanh chdng<br /> Kham, chdu Liem: "Hi Ninh nfim thfl 8, ngay t i tr^n diu ra qudn.<br />  Rghian cflu Lleh sic, a l 4.2012<br /> <br /> Sau khi gidnh dflpc chfiu Khfim, ehdu cfl ch5 bilm ylu md gifl", "sau vua pbfi tiin<br /> Lidm d phfa nam, kit hpp vdi dgo qufin bO phong cbl huy hg l^nh Quang Tdy chfiu<br /> tgi phfa bfie ciing dd thu dflpc chiln thing, qu$n khdng d i sic chd'ng gifl, diu nhd<br /> khiin cho qufin Ting trdn ede ving biln quan lgi hpp dd'c dfin binh gifl bilm, bo<br /> tilp gidp vdi Dgi Vi|t lfim vfio t b i ling thdnh cho t i y ti$n" (29), Song song vdi v i ^<br /> ting, bj dOng, Ly Thfldng Ki$t chi d|ng ban chilu ddn dd'c vi^e phdng t b i , trilu<br /> nidm yIt td L(5 bd trdn dfldng hfinh qufin, dinh tim mpi cdch tfing cfldng b l sung thfim<br /> nhim ndu vi|c dem qufin vdo dd't Ting cia binh Ifnh k l ca tho dinh, Ifldng thao, vii<br /> minh Id ed danh nghia (nhfl phin trdn bdi khf, tbutfc chfla b§nh cho Quang Tfiy,<br /> vilt da trinh bdy). Tic di^ng eua vi|c 1dm "Thdng 12, ngfiy Ky D^u (21 Am Ijch,<br /> ndy dd thflc tinh nhilu ngudi ddn bilt 29-01-1076), lgi ed ehilu chi 10 vgn quan<br /> Ifldng tri Id phii cia phfa Ting. Hp tlm mpi tiin gidm thu$c Quang Tfiy dfing 1$ vd tiin<br /> cdch cfing khai giip dd, ing h$ qudn d^i ngp trp gido 5 vgn quan 1dm tiin di$p bl<br /> trilu Ly. Nhfl BI Si da chip trong Thin dem flng cho Tfiy 1§ chuyin v$n ty" (30).<br /> phi Ly Thfldng Ki|t: "Dfin Ting thd'y ldi<br /> "Ngdy Ky D$u (21 Am lich, 29-01-1076),<br /> tuydn cdo, diu vui mflng dem trdu rflpu<br /> Igi chilu cho Quang Nam tfiy 1$ Kinh Iflpc<br /> khao qufin ta. Tfl dd, moi lie dfin ching<br /> ty tuyIn m^ dinh trfing hai, ba nghin gii<br /> thd'y hidu cd Thudng Kidt ddng xa, thi ndi<br /> cdc thfinh chfiu Ung Tdn, khfing du thi<br /> dd Id qufin cia cha bp Ly ngfldi nfldc Nam;<br /> tuyIn t h i dinb.<br /> roi cing nhau bdy hUdng dn bdi phuc bdn<br /> dfldng. Nhd dd md uy thanh quan ta lan Lgi chilu cho Quang Nam tdy 1$ Kinh<br /> khip" (27). Iflpc ty sai sfl t h i n chia cde chdu qudn<br /> tuyIn phdi qufin hang mgnh khoe, dung<br /> Cing trong thdng 12 ndm 1075, dao<br /> cam ed t h i gifl chflc vo dl'n Qul^ chdu. Ci<br /> quan do Tfin Dan cbi huy da phd dflpc 4<br /> 500 ngfldi ghdp thfinh 1 ehi huy gifio duylt,<br /> trgi tai phfa bdc gdm cd: Thdi Binh, Vinh<br /> gpi Id Tfin Trtflig (31) hai. Khdng d i thi cfl<br /> Bmh, Thidn Lue vd Co Van. Vdo diu thfing<br /> thu quan si* d'y, bdng ngfiy chi khIu phin<br /> 1 ndm 1076, Tfin Dan nhan the thing, lgi<br /> dn. Chd d i n i a ndm luy$n t$p tbl y theo 1$<br /> dfla qudn Idn bao vdy Ung chau.<br /> gifio duy^t qudn Trflng Hai xin chl cfi'p,<br /> Tin t i c Khfim chdu, Lidm chau bi chilm chju sfl gidm sfit c i a Kinh Ifl^c s i da uy,<br /> lien tilp bao vl, vua quan trilu Tong hoang Nlu lfim qufi hung de sd x i tri n$ng ngodi<br /> mang, lo sp, lidn tyc cdc chilu chi dflpc ban phdp Iu|t" (32).<br /> xuffng eho cde dia phfldng bidn gidi. Vua<br /> "Ngdy Canh Tud't (22 Am lich, 30-01-<br /> Tfing sp ring trilu Ly dinh chilfm dflpc<br /> 1076), Chilu ring quan lgi Quang Tfiy dfinh<br /> Kham chfiu, sd thfla t h i tfi'n cdng Quang<br /> vdi giflc Giao Chi mfi chit tW Kinh Iflpc ty<br /> Chau, mfit kbdc cung bilt dflpc h$ thing<br /> tlm hdi nhd hp p h i txiKt bdn Idn. Nlu ai<br /> phdng t h i tgi Quang Tdy "da ft lgi ylu", vi<br /> muffn vl Linh bdc, thi tim ngfldi hO td'ng,<br /> vfiy "chilu cho Quang Tfiy kinh Iflpc ty sai<br /> cdc chdu qu^n gifl thdnh, khdng dupe Lgi cbil'u r i n g Hfin lfim y vi$n quan<br /> khinh thfldng ra nghdnh cbil'u" (28), Thfim chpn phfldng tbulc tri lam chfldng 57 logi<br /> chl, "nlu chdu qu^n, buy^n trd'n trai thfinh giao xuIng cbo hpp vdi mdn thuo'c cin chl.<br /> qudeh khdng hodn bj, lgi binh qudn ft ylu, Lgi chilu cho Kinh Hi nam hie !§ chl tao<br /> xdt c6 ch6 khdng t h i gifl dflpc, cho quan Igi 7000 cung nd go dl cd'p eho Quang Tfiy (33),<br /> Rguy^n nhan va th&ng l^rt,.<br /> <br /> Sau ndy, do cupc td!n cfing cia qufin dpi Iflpc di liy dit bO ph§n tfl gifl. Dan chau<br /> Ly Thfldng Kift qud manh, anh hfldng Ifin kinh sp, cfl Iii trin khfing t h i ki xilt. Gidm<br /> den trieu Ting, ndn vide theo doi ving dfi't bd hit kho quan vd cia ridng chi th; ring:<br /> Quang Tdy dfldc nhd vua quan tfim sdt sao Binh gidi cia ta vin di, Ifldng chia khfing<br /> hdn, da tilftig cd chilu eho cac vidn quan diu thilu. Nay qudn gi^c da vfiy dfldi thfinh<br /> tinh phai tfiu bao hdng ngdy tinh hinh viing duy lfi bin thfinh c l gifl, dl dpi ngoai vi^n,<br /> bidn; "Thang 12, ngdy Nhfim T^ (24 Am ljeh, cd thi ngii md thing. Nlu m^t ngfldi cit<br /> 1-2-1076), vua phd ring: Quang Tdy 2 ngfiy chdn thi ldng qufin dao d^ng, Vi^c Idn hdng<br /> nay khong cfi tdu bfio, phai ha Idnh eho Kinh trudc mit, Lu ngfldi vui nghe ldi ta se dflpc<br /> Iflpc chuyin vdn ty hdng ngdy dem vi$c dfing hdu thfldng, ho$c khfing nghe md ra, se bi<br /> tinh bidn cfldng tfiu ro" (34). chdm cing vp eon trfldc. Cd vidn dgi bi$u<br /> C b i tfldng Ly Thudng Ki^t sau khi Dich Tfch nglm muln chgy ra, Giam dfi sai<br /> chilm xong Khfim chfiu vd Lidm Chfiu, ngudi mai phuc cia ngodi ehfit diu dem<br /> ciing Idp tflc dfla dgi qufin Idn phia bic kit nghidm Idnh, bdi t h i trdn dfldi bi uy hilp<br /> hdp vdi cfinh qudn Tdn Dan chi huy bao phai nghe m^nh, Giam lai mp dflpc miy<br /> vdy Ung chfiu, Vdo gifla thing 1 nfim 1076, trdm ngfldi t i t h i dfla thuyin len Ung<br /> ca hai hfldng da hdp qudn vay ham thfinh giang cflng ddnh nhau vdi giac, chdm dflpc<br /> Ung ehdu. Vfldng An Thgch da khang dinh trdn 200 diu, gilt dfldc mudi mdy con voi<br /> vdi vua Ting Thin tdng, khi nghe tin "Giao to, Gidc bdn vdy thdnh. Gidm ngay ddm di<br /> Chi vfiy Ung chdu, Vfldng An Thach tau du si tfft, dem t h i n ty cung bin gidc nga,<br /> vua rang Ung chau thanh vflng tfi't khfing voi chet, khong the ke xilt, Gidc danh ca 4<br /> pha nd'i" (35). Mat khac, tfldng gifl thanh Ifi mgt xdng len tfldng thdnh, tren thdnh bin<br /> Td Giam (36) "lai Id mdt ngfldi ky cflu, lao ten l i a dot thang vao thanh. Ca trfldc sau<br /> luydn, thfing minh vd rd't cfldng quylt" (37). gilt dflpc tren 5 nghin ngfldi. Ngfldi trong<br /> Khi dUdng chflc Tri Ung chau biet dfldc thdnh Idng thdm vflng..." (39). To Giam<br /> cong vide ehufiji bi xfim Iflde Dai Viet cia thd'y kha nang chong cfl lai qudn trilu Ly<br /> Lim Di, Giam ttfng khuydn ngfin, nhflng Di khdng t h i kdo ddi dflpc, vi vdy vfii phdi<br /> khfing nghe cdn hac Giam da tfl tidn tham ngfldi din Qui Chau cd'p bao cho Lflu Di<br /> gia vide bien cfldng. "Tri Ung ehdu TS Gidm xin chi vidn: "Lflu Di sai T h i Tilt di ciu<br /> thdm biet la thflc, gii thfl den Di xin bai vidn, T h i Tilt nghe gific dong gip mfldi<br /> thi hdnh 3 vide nhfl cu (tflc Id khfing tfip giflng giing khfing di ngay, lgi quay ve Ifi'y<br /> trung quan tho dinh dgy trfin do, khong Quy chau Id tni binh d tram Khang Hda de<br /> cho chu sfl tilp tuc luydn thuy chien, cho xem thing bai, Giam lai sai sfl dem lap thfl<br /> phdp thfldng nhdn, dfin chung phfa Ly d-[i(ic eao cd'p d Di dilm hinh nguc Ting Ciu.<br /> vfio budn bdn - NHT), khdng dl ngfldi Giao Ciu nhdn dflpc thfl sd khdc. Ld'y quyen tidn<br /> dem quan cd danh nghia. Di khdng nghe lai nghi die T h i Tilt tiin binh. T h i Tilt sd vfii<br /> gii cdng vfin bfie Giam Id phd nghi. Lai vdng khfing bilt Idm gi chuyin din din<br /> trach sai khdng dfldc tfl tidn ndi vide bidn" Hda Gidp linh, vl gifl Cfin Lfin quan (40),<br /> (38). Vi v^y, khi biet quan dpi Ly Thfldng B3ng gdp gific, khfing dich nli mfit trfin,<br /> Kidt bao vay thdnh, To Giam da "duydt qudn thua, T h i Tilt ehit" (41). Trdn ddnh<br /> binh trong qu^n, dflpc sfldng cd'm binh vd didt vidn ndy cia quan ddi Ly Thfldng Kidt<br /> gid yeu 2800 ngfldi. Trieu quan lai cung diln ra ngdy mdng 4 Am lich, thang gidng,<br /> ngfldi tai diing trong qudn trao cho phfldng ndm Hy Ninh thfl 9 (11-2-1076), Sau trfin<br />  Rghlfln ciu Ljeh a i , atf 4.2012<br /> <br /> di0t vi^n, Ly Thudng Ki|t tdng cfldng bao khdng thfing, Gifim lfim b&ng kl t^i Khdi,<br /> vdy thfinh ch$t hdn vfi quylt djnh hg thdnh Di d ehp mong thdng dih trilu dBnh, Trflde<br /> Ung chfiu sdm, Sau 42 ngfiy vfiy hfim, din con c i a Gidm Id T i Nguydn 1dm Qutf chdu<br /> ngfiy 23 thfing Gilng ndm Hy Ninh t h i 9 tfl h | tham qudn dem ca gia quyl'n din<br /> (1-3-1076), thdnh Ung chdu bj hg. Thfl tich thfim cha, toan vl tbi nghe c6'gific Giao.<br /> Trung QuIc chip: "Ngfiy d'y (23 thdng Gifim cho r i n g gia thu$e qu$n thu xufi't<br /> Gidng, 1-3-1076), gi$c Giao Chi hfim Ung tbdnb, ngfldi ta sd cho Id trdnh gi^c, dfin<br /> chfiu, Tfi Gifim bj chit, Trfldng T b i Tilt ching si cung cd y bd di, ndn chi cho T i<br /> thua, gi$c bit sing md'y trdm ngfldi, Gi|c Nguydn vl Qui chfiu mfi lUu vp con T i<br /> bilt bdc qudn ddnh thdnh gidi, dem mii l0i Nguydn lgi, vi t b l diu bj ebit ea. Gidm<br /> Idn d i sai 1dm thang mdy (vfin thd); 1dm chit rli, gi^c Giao lgi mflu efldp Qui chdu,<br /> dupe thi bj Gidm dit. Lgi ddnh qua bfio qudn tiin phong di dflpc m£fy chyc d$m,<br /> dfing, liy da sing (sie v^t) 1dm v$t che, ho$e trfing thfCy dgi binh t i ble din hfi<br /> Gidm ehd gi$c qua rli phdng l i a dit trong ring: "Td hodng thfinh dem qufin din bdo<br /> hang. Gi§c h i t kl^ muln rut di, nhflng bilt odn Giao Chi". Qudn gi$c sp mdi lui vl. Sau<br /> ngogi vi^n khdng din. Gfip cd kd bilt phdp ndy, ngfldi Ung chfiu Ifip din thd (To<br /> tho cdng, dgy gi$c nhli d i t mfi'y vgn t i i Gifim), hfing nfim elu dao (TU Ma ky vdn<br /> hfldng phfa thfinh chd't thdnh n i i dd't, chdp; Thfing gidng, ngdy 21 gi^c phd Ung<br /> khoanh khic cao Idn mIy trflpng, Qufin chfiu, ngdy 23 lai vl ban ddng. Xdt ThUc lye<br /> gific trdo Idn dl vfio, thdnh bi vdy bam, tbi ngdy 23 pbfi Ung chfiu. Nay theo Thflc<br /> Giam cdn dem qudn bi thUdng, xdng xao lye, cbi khfing ghi ngfiy ndo vl ban d^ng,<br /> h i t sic k h i chiln, nhflng khfing dich nli, ndn khao. Xlt ngdy Giao Chi hdm Ung<br /> Giam ndi: '\^ nghia, ta khfing chit vdo tay chdu Tdng si eho Id ngdy Mdu TMn; sdch<br /> gific. Rli trd vl nhd d ehdu, md c i a eho B6ng B6 s{/ luge cung chip nhfl thi) (42).<br /> todn gia 36 ngfldi chl't trfldc, ddo ho gid'u 3. Nguydn n h a n thitng I^i cua cu^c<br /> xfic, roi phdng l i a tfl thilu. Gidc din tim di tai^n cong cum nfim 1075 dau nfim 1076<br /> bdi c i a Gidm vd gia quyin diu khfing dflpc,<br /> Viphia triiu Ly<br /> quay lgi gilt hgi lgi tfi't, tho dinh eU dfin<br /> hdn 5 vgn ngfldi. Din trdm ngfldi thdnh 1 • Qudn d§i trilu Ly do Ly Thfldng ki§t<br /> dd'ng, tfi't ca hdn 580 dong. G^p vdi si' bj ebi huy da c h i dpng tlii cfing, tgo ra ylu t l<br /> gilt b Khfim, Lidm khdng dfldi hdn 10 vgn b i t ngd dH vdi trilu Ting.<br /> ngudi. Sau dd, gi^c Igi phd hiy thdnh dl • Li^c lupng qufin d$i cia Ly ThUdng<br /> Id'p sdng, Ki$t dfing dao, thi^n chiln, Cho din nay so<br /> Ung chdu bj vfiy tfift ca 42 ngfiy, Gifim Iflpng qudn d$i tham chiln cung chfla bilt<br /> khich 1$ tfldng SI cl' gifl. Lfldng thflc da hit, chfnh xfic, cfic thfl tich Trung Qutfc ciing<br /> g$p nfim hgn hdn, gilng n i i kbd cgn, ngfldi nhfl Vi^t Nam mdi ehi phdng dofin khoang<br /> ddi khdt mic ea nfldc dye bin md uing, tfl 8 vgn (43) dl'n 10 vgn (44).<br /> nhilu ngfldi bj b$nb kilt ly chl't gdi diu Idn - Tranh thu, tdn dyng dupe sfl ung hfi<br /> nhau mfi khfing ed ngfldi ndo phan, Gifim c i a nhfin dfin dia phfldng tgi cfic viing<br /> gidn Thim Khdi vd Lflu Di gfiy ndn gi^c bfinh qufin vd tgi ndi xay ra chiln tr|tn,<br /> eUdp. Di lgi ngii nhln tbdnb bj vfiy md Ngay tfl khi Ly Thfldng Ki^t chUa sang<br /> khfing cflu, Gidm muln Ifim ban sd tfiu hit ddnh Ting, da cfi nhflng nho si trilu Ting<br /> mpi B\Jl tinh, nhflng dfldng di bi ngdng trd ty nguydn hiln mflu k l vd nh|in Idm ndi<br /> Rguyen nhan va IhiJng lyl...<br /> <br /> ing. Dd lfi trfldng hdp c i a Tiin si T i Bd thfinh thgo, t l chic ky ludt khfing nghidm.<br /> Tfldng; "Linh Nam Tiin si Tfl Bd Tfldng - Cdc quan tfldng trfi'n trj ving bidn bdn<br /> thfldng thi khdng d5, nglm gii thfl cho nhit, khfing dfim chiln diu, t i vidn quan<br /> Giao Chi ring, tidn t b l cia Dgi vfldng vin diu tinh nhfl Lflu Di cho din vidn tfldng<br /> ngudi Mdn. Nghe nay cdng khanh quy Trfldng T h i Tilt khi nghe tin qudn d|i Ly<br /> nhdn Giao Chi phin nhilu ngfldi Mdn, Bd Thfldng Ki$t td'n cdng khfing ddm dfii diu,<br /> Tudng tdi Iflpc khfing kdm ngfldi, mfi khdng Th4m chf, khi Tfi Gidm elu vi|n, LUu Di<br /> die dung d Trung QuIc, xin dfl^e giip dfldi vSn ngdi nghe ngdng, khfing cd nbflng hdnh<br /> quyin Dgi vfldng. Nay nghe din Trung d|ng ey tbl, Cd nhflng vidn quan lo sp phai<br /> Quie mud'n c i dgi binh di^t Giao Chi, theo chiln dd'u da bd nhi^m sd trin di "Hy Ninh<br /> binh phdp 1dm trfldc ngfldi Id cd y dogt ndm thfl 9, thdng gidng, ngfiy Ky Mao (22<br /> ngfldi ta, chi bing c i binh mfi efldp trflde, Am ljeh, 29-2-1076) ed chilu: gin dfiy cfi<br /> Bd Tfldng xin 1dm nfii flng. Bdi tbl, Giao vi$e qudn d Quang Tdy md ban 10 dfi diu<br /> Chi phat dpng dgi binh md vdo efldp ham 3 trgng nlu ngfldi ra sai, md cd ngfldi lgi ty<br /> ehdu Khdm, Liem, Ung..." (45). Khi cfing ti^n rdi khdi ban lfi. Se theo dilu tvt ti$n Iy<br /> phd thdnh Ung chau, Ly Thfldng Ki§t cflng quan chd ngfiy binh vide (47), Vide bo sung<br /> dd nhfin dflpc sfl giup dd cia hdng binh eho cfic vidn cai tri dia phfldng vflng bidn<br /> Tridu Tu hiln mflu ke hda cfing vd vi§c trong thdi gian ed ehiln tranh cung gdp<br /> ding dd't dl dip thdnh cfic ngon n i i dfi't nhilu khfi khdn, trilu Ting tvflig phai hg<br /> cung Id phfldng phap cia dfin chung nfldc I|nh cudng bflc, bufic cac vifin quan phai<br /> Tl'ng mdch bao: "Gdp cd ke bilt phdp thd' tiep tyc cdng viec khi man ban: "Chilu cho<br /> cfing, day gidc nhoi dd't md'y vgn t i i hfldng Quang Nam ddng tdy lfi, edc ndi hi$n<br /> khuylt Tri chau, nlu khfing cd ngfldi muon<br /> phfa thdnh chd't thdnh n i i dUt, khoanh<br /> din thi se cfldng sai, chd din thay t b l cho<br /> khfic cao len md'y trflpng. Qudn gidc trdo<br /> giam 2 nfim ma khdm, lai bl dudng quan<br /> Idn de vdo, thfinh hi vfiy hfim" (46).<br /> sai khien" (48).<br /> Viphia triiu Tdng<br /> - Trfldc het la mau thudn n^i bd, nhfi't Ifi Tdm lgi: Cudc td'n cfing vdo dit Tong do<br /> giiia T l tfldng An Thgch vd vdi m$t sd* vidn Ly Thfldng Ki^t chi huy dflpc thfl tich<br /> dgi thin trong v i ^ bo dyng cac vidn quan Trung Qud'c chdp khfi diy di, b l sung thim<br /> bien trfii, trong mflu do xdm Iflde Dai Vi|t. nhilu tfl li$u, da phin ndo giip ching ta<br /> - Lflc Iflpng qudn sfl tgi dia phfldng viing phyc dvfng dflpc nguyen nhdn tfi'n cdng<br /> bidn chfla dfldc to chic chdt chd, rfi't nhilu cing qua trinh dien bil"n gidnh thing Ipi<br /> thanh trgi tgi Quang Tfiy cdn sd sfii, binh cia qufin dpi trilu Ly vdo cufii ndm 1075<br /> Ifnh khdng d i so', lgi chUa dUpc t|ip luy^n diu 1076,<br /> <br /> <br /> CHUTHICH<br /> (1). Hoing Xuin Hin; Ly ThUdngKi^t - Lich svt (2). Hoing Xuin Han. Ly ThUdng Ki^t - LfcA<br /> ngogi giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly, Nxb, S6ng Nhj, 8& ngogi giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly, add, tr. 348-<br /> H i N§i, 1949. In trong La SOn Yin Hi Hodng<br /> Xudn Hdn, T.II, TrU^c t i c (Phin 11: Ljeh si), Nxb. (3). JYung Qude dgi bdch khoa todn thU, Trung<br /> Giio Dvc, H i N$i, 1998. Qu6c Ijch s i , Ban tu dinh 1997, Bic Kinh, 199S.<br /> 32 Rghien ciu Ijch a i . atf 4.2012<br /> <br /> (4). l^ Dio: TVc tii tri thdng gidm trt/dng biin, (27), Hodng Xuftn Hin, add, tr. 354,<br /> q.244, td 4a, 4b. (28), h$ Ddo. add. q.271, td 12b<br /> (6). L^ Dio. sdd, q.244. td 7b. (29), L^ Dio, add, q.271, td 12b, 13a.<br /> (6). L^ Dio. sdd, q.244, tb 8b. (30). Ly Dio, sdd, q,271, td 13a.<br /> (7). Ly Dio. add, q.273, ib 17a. (31). Sich I^ Tkiidng Ki4t ch^p l i Ding. Hoing<br /> (8). 14 Dio. sdd. q.271, td 6b Xuin Hin. sdd.tr. 365.<br /> (9). Td'ng ai ky s^ bdn mgt- Phtlng Ky nguydn (32). Ly Dio, sdd, q.271, td 13b.<br /> bifin, Trin Bang Chifim toan t^ip. Tnldng Ph6 lu$n (33). Ly Dio. sdd. q.271, td 14a.<br /> chinh, ThUdng vy i n thU qu&n, quyin 16, tr. 81.<br /> (34), Ly Dio, add, q.271, td 15b.<br /> (10), Ly Dio, sdd. q.271. tc> 16b,<br /> (36). LyDio, add, q,273, td 10a,<br /> (11). 7^n^ si ky a^t bdn mgt. Ly Dio, sdd,<br /> (36). Dgi Viit sit Ay todn thU. T. 1. tr. 278, ngoii<br /> quyin 15, tr. 81.<br /> cich d^c l i Giim. cdn cd cfic cfich dpc khic l i Gifim<br /> (12). L^ Dio. sdd, q,259, ttf 13b nhu trong Ly TkUdng Kiit, tr. 367, hay dpc Ii<br /> (13). hy Dio. sdd, q.271, tcl ISa. Giam nhu trong Viit ai luge. tr. 110, Kkdm dinh<br /> (14). Ly Dio, add. q.272. tcl 2b. Viit ai thdng gidm cUOng mifc. T. 1, tr. 363.<br /> <br /> (15). Ly Dio, sdd. q.259. td 13b. (37). Hoing Xufin Hfin, add, tr.357,<br /> <br /> (16). Ly Dio. sdd. q.271. tb 16b, (38). Ly Dio, sdd, q.271, td 6b, 78.<br /> <br /> (17). Ly Dio. sdd, q.268. tb 13b. (39). L^ Dio, sdd, q.271, td 7a. 7b.<br /> <br /> (18). Ly Dio, sdd, q.269, tcl 23b. (40). Cfin L6n quan hay c i a ai Cfin Lfin, thu$c<br /> huy$n Tuyin H6a, Nam Ninh. Quang Tfiy.<br /> (19). Ly Dio, add. q.270, ttl 2b.<br /> (20). LJ Dio. sdd. q.270. tb 2b (41). Ly Dio, add, q.272, td la.<br /> <br /> (21), (22), (23). Ly Dio. sdd, q.270, td 5a. (42), Ly Dio, add, q,272. td 7b, 8a, 8b.<br /> (43). Ly Dfio, sdd, q.271, td 7a. 7b ch«p: .,. Bdi<br /> (24). Theo Hoing Xuin H i n phai Ii Trilu<br /> thingudi Giao Chi d^i c i 8 v^n qufin hifu.<br /> DutJng chfiu (tdc viing Vinh An chfiu, nay 1& Hai<br /> Ninh (Quang Ninh), sich cua Ly Dio d i ch6p sai (44). Khdm dinh Viit ai thdng gidm eUOng<br /> thinh H6 DUdng vi t^ d^ng chfl Hfi v i chQ Trilu m(ic, T.r. tr.3S0. Dgi Vi^t si ky todn thU. T.I. tr.<br /> tuOng tM nhau). Hoing Xuin Hin. sdd. tr. 364. 278 ddu chip: *^ua bilt tin, aai Ly Thudng Ki^t.<br /> (25). Ly Dio. sdd, q.271, tcl 6a Tdn Dan dem hdn 10 vgn binh di dinh". Nxb.<br /> Khoa hpc xfi hfii. H i N^i, 1998.<br /> (26). Tdng k^i yiu tdp cdo, Phi6n chf 4, Din<br /> theo: Tidu Dflc H90, Hoing Tranh chu biin: Trung (46). Ly Dio, add, q.273, td 17a. 17b,<br /> Viit bUn gidi tU li^u tuyin biin, ThUflng sich, Xi (46). L^ Dio, add, q.272, td 7b,<br /> h^i khoa hpc vfin hiln x u l t b i n xa, Bic Kinh, (47). Ly Dfio, add, q.272, td 6b.<br /> 1992, tr. 219.<br /> (48), Ly Dfio, add, q.272, td 7b.<br />