wWw.VipLam.Net
T NG H P GRAMMAR C NĂMỔ Ợ Ả
1.Câu b đng đc bi t :ị ộ ặ ệ
1.Câu b đng v i think/believe/say…:ị ộ ớ
, +,CĐ: S1(People,They,…..)+ V1 (say/think/believe…) that + clause (S2 + V 2(chia)
+ …. )
+,BĐ: S2+ is/am/are+ said/thought/believed…+to V2…………
To have + PII (n u V2 lùi 1 thì so v iế ớ
V 1)
It+ is/am/are+ said/thought/believed… that+ clause
To be câu b đng đc chia theo thì c a V1 trong câu ch đngở ị ộ ượ ủ ủ ộ
Eg:-People believe that 13 is an unlucky
number.
=>13 is belived to be an unlucky
number.
=>It is believed that 13 is an
unlucky number.
-They thought that Mai had gone
away.
=>Mai was thought to have gone
away.
=>It was thought that Mai had gone
away.
2.Câu b đng v i “have”:ị ộ ớ
+,CĐ: S+have/has/had sb do st
+,BĐ: S+have/has/had st done
(by sb)
Eg:I had him repair my bicycle
yesterday.
=>I had my bicycle repaired
yesterday.
3.Câu b đng v i “get”:ị ộ ớ
+,CĐ: S+get/gets/got sb to do st
+,BĐ: S+get/gets/got st done (by
sb)...
Eg: I got him to repair my car last
week.
=> I got my car repaired last
week.
4.Câu b đng v i “make”:ị ộ ớ
+,CĐ: S+make/made sb do st ……
+,BĐ: (sb)+ is/are//was/were made to
do st
Eg:The step mother made Littele Pea
do the chores all day.
=> Littele Pea was made to do the
chores all day.
5.Need:
+, CĐ: S+need(chia) to do st
+, BĐ: (st)+need(chia) to be done
(st)+need doing.
Eg:You need to cut your hair.
=>Your hair need to be cut.
=> Your hair need cutting.
2.Câu tr c ti p,gián ti p :ự ế ế
I.Các d ng câu chuy n gián ti p:ạ ể ế
1.Câu m nh l nh,yêu c u: ệ ệ ầ
- Câu m nh l nh,yêu c u có các d ng:ệ ệ ầ ạ
1
wWw.VipLam.Net
“(Don’t)+V+…..+(please)”
“Will/Would/Can/Could+S+(not)+……+(please)?”
“Would you mind+(not)+V-ing+…..?”
=>S+told/asked/warned(c nh báo)/begged(c u xin)/ordered(ra ả ầ
l nh)/reminded(nh c nh )+O+(not) toV…ệ ắ ở
Eg:- “Listen carefully” The teacher said to us =>The teacher told/asked us to
listen carefully.
-“Don’t make noise,Jim” The perfect said. =>The perfect ordered Jim not to
make noise.
-“Would you mind putting out your cigarette?”-said a woman.
=>A woman reminded me to put out my cigatette.
*Câu yêu c u v i đng t t ng thu t “asked” có d ng:ầ ớ ộ ừ ườ ậ ạ
-“I’d like+……..”
-“Can/Could I have+……..”
Khi chuy n gián ti p ta áp d ng công th c: ể ế ụ ứ S+asked(+O)+for+st+…..
Eg:In the café,the man said: “I’d like a cup of tea”. =>The man asked for a cup of
tea.
2.L i khuyên:ờ
-L i khuyên có các d ng:ờ ạ
“S+should(not)/ought (not) to/had better(not)+V+……..”
“Why don’t you+V+…….”
“If I were you, I would+V+…….”
=>S1+said+(to+O)+that+S2+should+V+…….
=>S+advised/encouraged(khuy n khích)+ O+to V+…….ế
Eg:-“You should run faster” The teacher said. =>The teacher said that I should run
faster.
=>The teacher advised me to run faster.
-“Why don’t you take off your coat?”She said. =>She advised me to take off
my coat.
-“If I were you,I would stop smoking”He said. =>He advised me to stop
smoking.
-“Go on,apply for the job”Mrs.Smith said. => Mrs.Smith encouraged me to apply
for the job”
3.Câu tr n thu t:ầ ậ
Câu tr n thu t có d ng: “S+V(s/es/ed/pI/pII)+…….”ầ ậ ạ
=>S+said+that+S+V(lùi thì)+………
Eg: “I will have an important contest tomorrow.”She said.
=>She said that she would have an important contest the next day.
4.Câu h i:ỏ
2
wWw.VipLam.Net
a,Yes/No questions:
Yes/No question có d ng: “Tr đng t +S+V+…..?”ạ ợ ộ ừ
=>S1+asked+O+if/whether+S2(O)+V(lùi thì)+……
Eg: “Do you like SNSD?” Seohyun said to Kyuhyun.
=> Seohyun asked Kyuhyun if/whether he liked SNSD.
b,Wh questions:
Wh questions có d ng: “Wh+tr đng t +S+V+…..?”ạ ợ ộ ừ
=>S1+asked+O+Wh+S2(O)+V(lùi thì)+…….
Eg: “Where will you go tomorrow?” She said.
=>She asked me Where I would go the next day.
5.L i m i,g i ý:ờ ờ ợ
a, L i m i:ờ ờ
L i m i có d ng: “Would you like+Noun/toV+……?”ờ ờ ạ
=>S+invited+O+toV+……
Eg: “Would you like to come to my birthday party”Su said to Seohyun.
=> Su invited Seohyun to come to his birthday party.
b,L i g i ý:ờ ợ
L i g i ý có d ng: “Let’s+V+…..!”= “Shall we+V+…..?”ờ ợ ạ
“What/How about+V-ing/N+……?”
“Why don’t we/you+V+….?”
* N u ch ng tham gia vào hành đng.( “Let’s+V+…..!” ; “Shall we+V+…..?” ế ủ ữ ộ
;
“What/How about+V-ing/N+……?” “Why
don’t we +V+….?”):
=>S+suggested+V-ing+……
* N u ch ng không tham gia vào hành đng mà ch g i ý cho ng i khác.ế ủ ữ ộ ỉ ợ ườ
( “Why don’t you+V+….?”)
=>S1+suggested+that+S2+should+V+……
Eg:-“Let’s go to the movies”The boy said.
=>The boy suggested going to the movies.
-“Why don’t you go out for a drink?”Trung said to Nga.
=>Trung suggested that Nga should go out for a drink.
c,Nh ng câu có d ng:ữ ạ
“I’ll+V+…..+if you like.”
“Shall/Can/Could I+V+….?”
“Would you like me+toV+…..?”
Khi chuy n gián ti p ta s d ng đng t t ng thu t “offered” công th c:ể ế ử ụ ộ ừ ườ ậ ứ
S+offered+toV+…….+if you like.
Eg:- “Would you like me to finish the work tonight?
I’ll finish the work tonight if you like.
=>I offered to finish the work tonight if you like.
-“I’ll do your housework for you if you like”She said.
=>She offered to do my housework for me if I liked.
3
wWw.VipLam.Net
6.Câu c m thán:ả
-Câu c m thán có d ng:ả ạ
“What+(a/an)+adj+Noun!”
“How+adj+S+V!”
=>S1+exclaimed+that+S2+V/be(lùi thì)+……..
Eg: “What a lovely teddy bear!”The girl said.
= “How lovely the teddy bear is!The girl said.
=>The girl exclaimed that the teddy bear was lovely.
7.L i nh c nh :ờ ắ ở .
“Remember…” Khi chuy n sang gián ti p ta áp d ng c u trúc sau: ể ế ụ ấ
“Don’t forget…” S + reminded+ sb+ toV+….
Eg: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
=> She reminded me to ring her up the next eveining.
8. S đng ý v quan đi m nhự ồ ề ể ư: all right, yes, of course (áp d ng c u trúc sau):ụ ấ
S + agreed + to V…
Eg: “All right, I’ll wait for you” He said.
=> He agreed to wait for me.
9.Câu tr c ti p di n t đi u mong mu n nhự ế ễ ả ề ố ư: would like, wish.Khi chuy n gián ti p ể ế
áp d ng c u trúc:ụ ấ
S + wanted + O + to V+…
Eg: “I’d like Trung to be a famous person.”Trung’s English teacher.
=> Trung’s English teacher wanted him to be a famous person.
10. T ch iừ ố : S + refused + to V +…
Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”
=> He refused to lend me his car.
11. L i h aờ ứ : S + promised to V+…..
Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday” => He promised to send me a card on
my birthday.
12.C m n,xin l i:ả ơ ỗ
a,C m n: ả ơ S + thanked(+O)(for+V-ing/st)+…..
Eg: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you.
=>Tom thanked me for helping him.
b,Xin l i: ỗS+ apologized(+to O)+for(+not)+(V-ing/st)+…….
Eg: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.
=>Peter apologized for being late.
13. Chúc m ng:ừ
S + congratulated + O + on + V-ing/st+……
Eg: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”
---> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.
14. . M c:ơ ướ
4
wWw.VipLam.Net
S + dreamed + of + V-ing/st+..…
Eg: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.
=> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
“I’ve always wante to be rich, ” Bob said .
=> Bob had always dreamed of being rich.
15.M t s câu c n nh :ộ ố ầ ớ
-She said, "Curse(nguy n r a) this dog!" =>She ề ủ cursed the dog.
-She said, "Luck!" => She wished me luck.
-She said, "Thank you very much!" => She thanked me very much.
-She said, "Congratulations!" => She congratulated me.
-She said, "Traitor(k ph n b i)/Liar(k d i trá)!" ẻ ả ộ ẻ ố
=> She called me a traitor/liar.
-She said, "Happy Christmas!" => She wished me a happy Christmas.
-She said, "Hell!(ch t ti t)" => She ế ệ swore(ch i r a).ử ủ
-The notice said: "Welcome to Edinburgh" => The notice welcomed visitors to
Edinburgh.
-"Good!" he exclaimed =>He gave an exclamation of pleasure/satisfaction.
-“Ugh( i;Eo i)!" she exclaimed, and turned the programme off Ố ơ
=> With an exclamation of disgust(làm ph n n ) she turned the programme off.ẫ ộ
-“Hello John”She said. => She greeted John.
16. Các hình th c h n h p trong l i nói gián ti p: (mixed forms in reported speech)ứ ỗ ợ ờ ế
L i nói tr c ti p có th bao g m nhi u hình th c h n h p: câu kh ng đnh, câu h i, ờ ự ế ể ồ ề ứ ỗ ợ ẳ ị ỏ
câu m nh l nh, câu c m thán:ệ ệ ả
Eg: 1. He said, “Can you play the guitar?” and I said “No”
He asked me if I could play the guitar and I said that I couldn’t.
2. “I don’t know the way. Do you? He asked.
He said that he didn’t know the way and asked her if she knew it.
3. “I’m going to shopping. Can I get you something? She said
She said that she was going to shopping and asked if she could get me
anything.
4. “Hello Seohyun!Where are you going now?” Su said.
Su greeted and asked Seohyun Where she was going then.
II.M t s l u ý:ộ ố ư
1. M t s tr ng h p không đi thì c a đng t trong câu gián ti p:ộ ố ườ ợ ổ ủ ộ ừ ế
- N u đng t m nh đ gi i thi u đc dùng thì hi n t i đn, hi n t i ti p di n, ế ộ ừ ở ệ ề ớ ệ ượ ở ệ ạ ơ ệ ạ ế ễ
hi n t i hoàn thành ho c t ng lai đn, thì c a đng t trong câu gián ti p v n ệ ạ ặ ươ ơ ủ ộ ừ ế ẫ
không thay điổ
Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, “the text is difficult”.
He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult.
- Khi câu nói tr c ti p th hi n m t chân lý ho c m t hành đng l p l i th ng xuyên, ự ế ể ệ ộ ặ ộ ộ ặ ạ ườ
thì c a đng t trong câu gián ti p v n không thay điủ ộ ừ ế ẫ ổ
Eg: My teacher said “The sun rises in the East”
5