CÔNG NGHỆ KHÍ HÓA THAN
PGS.TS. Văn Đình Sơn Thọ
Bộ môn Công nghệ hữu cơ – hóa dầu
Khoa Công nghệ Hóa học
Đại học Bách Khoa Hà Nội
Email : thovds-petrochem@mail.hut.edu.vn
thovds@yahoo.com
Tel : 097.360.4372
Key Technology : Gasification
Gasification with Oxygen
C + 1/2 O2 CO
Combustion with Oxygen
C + O2 CO2
Gasification with Carbon Dioxide
C + CO2 2CO
Gasification with Steam
C + H2O CO + H2
Gasification with Hydrogen
C + 2H2 CH4
Water-Gas Shift
CO + H2O H2 + CO2
Methanation
CO + 3H2 CH4 + H2O
Feedstock
Oxygen
Steam
Gasifier Gas
Composition
(Vol %)
H2 25 - 30
CO 30 - 60
CO2 5 - 15
H2O 2 - 30
CH4 0 - 5
H2S 0.2 - 1
COS 0 - 0.1
N2 0.5 - 4
Ar 0.2 - 1
NH3 + HCN 0 -0.3
Ash/Slag/PM
Heating value
250 Btu/scf
(1/4 of natural gas)
C, H, O, N, S, Cl, Ash
What is Gasification
Carbon
Ash
Sulfur
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Water
1. Oxidant : Air
·Excess O2
2. Product : CO2, H2O
Ash
3 Pollutant : SOx, NOx
4. Application
·Power plant (Steam turbine)
Combustion Gasification
1. Oxidant : O2
·Excess fuel
2. Product : CO, H2
Slag
3 Pollutant : H2S, NH3
4. Application
· Power plant (Combined cycle)
· Chemical production
: Methanol, Dimethyl Ether
· Fuel production
: Liquid Fuel
: Substitute Natural Gas
: Hydrogen
Combustion & Gasification Products
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.1 0.7 1.3 1.9 2.5 3.1
O2/Coal (Moisture ash free basis)
Mole fraction (%)
CH4 H2S SO2
H2
C
CO
CO2
H2O
O2
Gasification Zone Combustion Zone
Complete combustion condition
The Case of Coal
Low cost
Abundant (domestic) resources
Energy security
Clean coal is not an oxymoron
High and volatile crude oil, natural gas
prices