Giải pháp hoàn thiện chính sách phát triển công nghiệp hỗ trợ cho ngành công nghiệp ô tô tại Việt Nam

The automotive industry is recognized as a key sector vital for Vietnam's economic development and industrialization. Its sustainable growth heavily relies on the robust development of supporting industries, which are crucial for supplying an estimated 30,000 components for finished products. Despite the strategic importance, policies governing the supporting industry for automobiles in Vietnam have faced challenges in implementation and effectiveness. This paper aims to analyze the current landscape of these policies, highlighting both their achievements and persistent limitations. By doing so, it seeks to identify practical solutions and propose policy recommendations to foster a more integrated and competitive automotive supporting industry in Vietnam.

Policymakers, researchers in industrial economics, automotive industry professionals, and investors interested in Vietnam's supporting industry.

This academic paper comprehensively examines the development policies for the supporting industry within Vietnam's automobile industry. It begins by contextualizing the automobile industry as a pivotal sector for national economic growth, emphasizing the critical role of supporting industries in providing essential components. The study systematically analyzes the current policy of developing supporting industry in Vietnam, acknowledging significant governmental efforts through various decrees and decisions that have contributed to achieving certain local content ratios and increased production volumes for some vehicle types. However, the paper identifies several key limitations and inconsistencies. These include the absence of a dedicated law for the supporting industry, resulting in fragmented and often conflicting policies across different ministries. Frequent and unpredictable changes in tax and fee regulations create an unstable investment environment, deterring both domestic and foreign investors. Furthermore, existing incentives often favor simple assembly over deep localization and high-tech component manufacturing. The lack of focused policies for developing specialized industrial clusters, coupled with insufficient infrastructure and human resource support, further hinders the industry's progress. The study also highlights the broad nature of foreign investment attraction policies, which lack specific provisions for high-tech supporting industry development. To address these challenges, the paper proposes a set of comprehensive solutions. These include reforming existing policies to ensure greater consistency, stability, and inter-ministerial coordination. It advocates for the establishment of specialized component manufacturing industrial clusters located strategically near assembly plants, supported by improved transportation infrastructure. Crucially, the paper calls for the revision and issuance of new, more attractive investment incentive policies, particularly concerning taxes, fees, and credit, designed to reduce production costs, lower car prices, and promote deeper localization. Finally, it emphasizes the need to concretize the national automotive industry development strategy and implement pilot policies to effectively support and promote the growth of high-tech supporting industry enterprises in Vietnam.