Kiến thức, thái độ, thực hành về phòng cận thị học đường của sinh viên ngành Y học dự phòng tại Trường Đại học Y Dược Thái Nguyên

School myopia represents a growing global public health concern, with particularly high prevalence rates observed across Asian countries, including Vietnam. This escalating issue is largely attributed to factors such as intensive academic demands, prolonged electronic device usage, and improper study postures. Medical students, specifically those in preventive medicine fields, face a heightened risk due to their demanding curricula and extensive screen exposure. Despite this vulnerability, comprehensive assessments of their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding school myopia prevention remain limited. This study addresses this critical gap by investigating these aspects among preventive medicine students, aiming to establish a foundational understanding necessary for developing targeted and effective intervention strategies to safeguard their ocular health.

Public health practitioners, educators, policymakers in healthcare and education, and students in medical or public health fields.

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to school myopia prevention among 266 preventive medicine students at Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy during the 2024-2025 academic year. Utilizing a structured survey questionnaire, the research revealed that while a significant majority (89.1%) of students demonstrated good practices in myopia prevention, their overall knowledge level was only moderate, with 57.1% possessing correct information. Key findings indicated strong awareness of common risk factors such as reading while lying down (100%), reading at a very close distance (94.4%), and prolonged electronic device use (86.1%). However, understanding of nutritional factors like vitamin D (29.3%) and genetic factors (48.1%) was notably limited. Positively, 97.3% expressed concern for school myopia prevention. Effective practices included maintaining correct sitting posture (92.5%), studying in well-lit environments (91.7%), and avoiding reading while lying down (98.1%). Conversely, habits such as practicing distance vision (71.4%) and limiting screen time (77.1%) require improvement. The study concludes that despite largely good practices, there is a clear need to enhance students' knowledge, particularly concerning nutrition and genetic predispositions for myopia. These findings underscore the importance of integrating additional educational programs to address these specific knowledge gaps, thereby strengthening comprehensive school myopia prevention efforts among future healthcare professionals.