Đặc điểm lâm sàng và một số yếu tố liên quan bệnh u máu sơ sinh tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương

Infantile hemangioma (IH) represents the most common benign vascular tumor of infancy, presenting significant clinical challenges due to its rapid proliferation phase and potential for complications. Despite its prevalence, comprehensive data on the clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of this condition, particularly within the Vietnamese context, remains limited. A deeper understanding of these aspects is crucial for accurate diagnosis, effective management strategies, and improved patient outcomes. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the specific clinical features and related factors of infantile hemangioma among patients presenting at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, thereby contributing to localized epidemiological knowledge and guiding clinical practice.

Dermatologists, pediatricians, medical researchers, and students interested in vascular anomalies and pediatric dermatology.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the clinical characteristics and related factors of infantile hemangioma among 141 infants treated at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology from July 2024 to July 2025. The research revealed that patients had an average age of 0.51 years at examination, with a notable female predominance (63.12%). The superficial type of infantile hemangioma was most common, accounting for 92.2% of cases, while mixed types were less frequent. The average birth weight was 3062 grams, and the average maternal age was 28.92 years. The study found a low association between infantile hemangioma and risk factors such as advanced maternal age, low birth weight, family history, or obstetric history, with only a small percentage of patients exhibiting these factors. Lesions were predominantly located on the head and neck (43.97%) and least frequently on the lower limbs (12.77%). Furthermore, complications like ulceration or bleeding were observed in a minimal number of patients (2.13%). These findings underscore that infantile hemangioma is a common, benign lesion often seen in females, with specific predilections for location but generally not strongly linked to common risk factors. The detailed description of these clinical characteristics provides valuable insights for clinicians in diagnosing, managing, and counseling patients and their families, particularly within the specific demographic and healthcare setting of the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology.