Đặc điểm lâm sàng và một số yếu tố liên quan bệnh vảy phấn trắng tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương

Pityriasis alba is a prevalent, benign dermatological condition primarily affecting children and adolescents, characterized by hypopigmented macules. Despite its commonality, a comprehensive understanding of its clinical characteristics and associated factors, particularly in specific regional contexts, remains crucial for effective diagnosis and management. This study addresses this gap by investigating the clinical features and related factors of pityriasis alba in patients presenting at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology. By elucidating these aspects, the research aims to provide valuable insights into the epidemiological and clinical profile of the condition within the Vietnamese population, thereby informing clinical practice and potential public health interventions.

Bác sĩ da liễu, chuyên gia y tế công cộng, nhà nghiên cứu về bệnh ngoài da, và sinh viên y khoa quan tâm đến các bệnh lý da liễu.

This prospective cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to thoroughly investigate the clinical features and associated factors of pityriasis alba, a common hypopigmentary skin disorder, among 100 patients examined and treated at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology in Vietnam between September 2024 and August 2025. The methodology involved collecting comprehensive data on patient demographics, disease presentation, and relevant medical history. The findings reveal that pityriasis alba predominantly affects children and adolescents, with 82% of patients aged 6 to 18 years, and a slight male predominance (55%). A significant proportion (71%) had Fitzpatrick skin type IV, indicating a higher prevalence in individuals with darker skin tones. Clinically, lesions were most frequently observed on the face (87%), presenting as ill-defined hypopigmented macules often covered with fine scales (63%), while pruritus was rare (6%). The condition exhibited a seasonal pattern, with onset most common during winter (49%). The average disease duration was 8.17 months, with a substantial portion (46%) resolving within six months. Crucially, the study highlighted a strong association with a personal history of atopic conditions, with 14% of patients having atopic dermatitis. These results underscore the typical clinical presentation and demographic susceptibility to pityriasis alba within the studied population. The identified link with atopy and seasonal influence suggests the need for integrated management approaches, considering both dermatological treatment and patient education on environmental triggers and underlying atopic predispositions. This research provides essential local epidemiological data, contributing to improved diagnostic accuracy and more targeted therapeutic strategies for pityriasis alba.