Đề cương ôn tập HK 2 môn tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2015-2016 - THPT Hùng Vương

TRƯỜNG THPT HÙNG VƯƠNG<br /> Tổ Khoa học – Xã hội<br /> <br /> CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM<br /> Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc<br /> <br /> ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH 12 - NĂM HỌC 2015- 2016<br /> I. Passive voice: Thể bị động<br /> Active:<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> +<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> +<br /> <br /> O<br /> <br /> Passive:<br /> <br /> S + BE + V3/ed + (place) + (by O) + (time)<br /> Active<br /> <br /> Ex:<br /> <br /> (place)<br /> <br /> (time)<br /> <br /> Passive<br /> <br /> S + V1 + O<br /> <br /> S + am/is/are + V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + am/is/are + V-ing + O<br /> <br /> S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + has/have + V3/ed + O<br /> <br /> S + has/have + been + V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + V2/ed + O<br /> <br /> S + was/were +V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + was/were + V-ing + O<br /> <br /> S + was/were + being +V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + had + V3/ed + O<br /> <br /> S + had + been + V3/ed<br /> <br /> S + will/shall + Vo + O<br /> <br /> S + will/shall + be +V3/ed<br /> <br /> - Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend.<br />  Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.<br /> - Active: They have built a new bridge across the river.<br />  Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them).<br /> - Active: Mai was watching a cartoon at 8 o’clock last night.<br />  Passive: A cartoon was being watched by Mai at 8 o’clock last night.<br /> PASSIVE OF MODAL VERBS + EXERCISES<br /> <br /> Note: Passive Voice of Modal Verbs<br /> Các động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs) như: can, could, will, would, shall, should,<br /> may, might, must, had better, would rather, have to, be going to, used to, ought to, ….<br /> Active:<br /> <br /> S + Modal Verbs + Vo + O + …….<br /> <br /> Passive:<br /> <br /> S + Modal Verbs + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……<br /> <br /> Ex: - Active: Nam can do this exercise right now.<br /> 1<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> M.V Vo<br /> <br /> O<br /> <br />  Passive: This exercise can be done by Nam right now.<br /> S<br /> <br /> M.V be V3<br /> <br /> by O<br /> <br /> - Active: People are going to solve the problem next month.<br /> S<br /> <br /> modal verb<br /> <br /> Vo<br /> <br /> O<br /> <br />  Passive: The problem is going to be solved (by people) next month.<br /> S<br /> <br /> modal verb be V-ed<br /> <br /> by O<br /> <br /> You’re never too old to learn<br /> (Học thì không bao giờ quá muộn)<br /> Exercise 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE<br /> Choose the best answer (Unit 4)<br /> 1. The teacher explained the rule to the student.<br /> A. The rule was explained to the student.<br /> B. The students were explained the rule.<br /> C. The students were explained the rules.<br /> D. A and B are correct<br /> 2. I am sure we’ll settle the matter easily.<br /> A. I’m sure the matter will settle easily.<br /> B. I’m sure the matter will be settled easily.<br /> C. I’m sure the matter will settled easily.<br /> D. I’m sure the matter won’t be settled easily.<br /> 3. Have they tested all the machines?<br /> A. Have all the machines be tested?<br /> B. Have all the machines been testing?<br /> C. Have all the machines been tested?<br /> D. Have all the machines been being testing?<br /> 4. The manager offers me several jobs.<br /> A. I was offers several jobs.<br /> B. I am offered several jobs.<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> C. Several jobs are offered to me.<br /> D. B and C are correct.<br /> 5. I still can not believe it. My bicycle ______ some minutes ago.<br /> A. was stolen<br /> <br /> B. was stealing<br /> <br /> C. stolen<br /> <br /> D. stole<br /> <br /> 6. The children’s arm was swollen because he ______ by a bee.<br /> A. stung<br /> <br /> B. had stung<br /> <br /> C. had been stung<br /> <br /> D. had being stung<br /> <br /> 7. Today, many serious childhood diseases ______ by early immunization.<br /> A. are preventing<br /> <br /> B. can prevent<br /> <br /> C. prevent<br /> <br /> D. can be<br /> <br /> prevented<br /> 8. Many U.S automobiles ______ in Detroit, Michigan.<br /> A. manufacture<br /> <br /> B. have manufactured<br /> <br /> C. are manufactured<br /> <br /> D. are manufacturing<br /> <br /> 9. Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill. It ______ everything in its path.<br /> A. destroyed<br /> <br /> B. was destroyed<br /> <br /> C. was being destroyed<br /> <br /> D. had been destroyed<br /> <br /> 10. Dynamite _____ by Alfred Bernard Nobel.<br /> A. have been invented<br /> <br /> B. invented<br /> <br /> C. was invented<br /> <br /> D. was being invented<br /> <br /> 11. _____ this work _____ before you went to Moscow?<br /> A. Will/ have been done<br /> <br /> B. Has/ been done<br /> <br /> C. Will/ be done<br /> <br /> D. Had/ been done<br /> <br /> 12. If you ____ about it, will you be able to answer?<br /> A. are asked<br /> <br /> B. ask<br /> <br /> C. will be asked<br /> <br /> D. asked<br /> <br /> 13. “ Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something _____ right now.”<br /> A. is doing<br /> <br /> B. is do<br /> <br /> C. is being done<br /> <br /> D. has been doing<br /> <br /> 14. The university ____ by private funds as well as by tuition income.<br /> A. is supported<br /> <br /> B. supports<br /> <br /> C. is supporting<br /> <br /> 15. This picture _______ by Johnny when I came.<br /> A. painted<br /> <br /> B. was painted<br /> <br /> C. was being painted<br /> <br /> D. had been painted<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> D. has supported<br /> <br /> II. GIỚI TỪ<br /> 1. Be on time : đúng giờ<br /> 2. Be in time : kịp giờ<br /> 3. of an illness : chết vì căn bệnh gì<br /> 4. Be on business : đi công tác<br /> 5. Be on holiday : đi nghỉ<br /> 6. In the end = Finally , at last : cuối Cùng<br /> 7. At the end of sth : cuối của<br /> 8. Believe in sth / s.o : tin tưởng vào cái gì đó / vào ai đó<br /> 9. Warn so about sth : cảnh báo ai đó về điều gì đó<br /> 10. Be famous for sth : nổi tiếng về điều gì đó<br /> 11. Marry to s.o: kết hôn với ai đó<br /> III. MODAL VERBS<br /> A. MODALS IN ACTIVE<br /> 1. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT<br /> - Could/ may/ might (có thể): chỉ một khả năng - diễn tả những gì mà người nói cảm<br /> thấy chưa chắc chắn lắm.<br /> - Maybe it will rain tomorrow.<br /> - Possibly, maybe = perhaps: có lẽ, có khả năng (chỉ dự đoán)<br /> Ex: I don’t know where Lan is. Maybe she is in her room.<br /> I may go to the beach or stay at home in this summer holidays.<br /> 2. SHOULD: Được dùng để diễn tả:<br /> - Một lời đề nghị, lời khuyên.<br /> 3. MUST: Được dùng để diễn tả<br /> - Trách nhiệm hoặc bổn phận. “Must” có nghĩa mạnh hơn “should”. Với “should” ta có<br /> một sự lựa chọn làm hoặc không làm nhưng với “must” sẽ không có sự lựa chọn.<br /> Ex: - An automobile must have gasoline to run.<br /> + mustn’t chỉ sự ngăn cấm<br /> Ex: You mustn’t drive on the left<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> 4. HAVE TO<br /> - “Have to” có nghĩa gần như “must”, nhưng không mang tính bắt buộc mà chỉ thấy cần<br /> phải làm.<br /> Ex: I need some meat. I have to go to the butcher’s.<br /> Does your father have to go at once?<br /> 5. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT + HAVE + P.P<br /> - Hình thức này được dùng để chỉ khả năng trong quá khứ.<br /> Ex:<br /> <br /> It may have rained last night, but I’m not sure.<br /> John might have gone to the movies yesterday.<br /> <br /> 6. SHOULD + HAVE +P.P<br /> - Hình thức này để chỉ một bổn phận, trách nhiệm được cho là xảy ra ở quá khứ, nhưng vì<br /> một lý do nào đó đã không xảy ra.<br /> Ex: John should have gone to the post office this morning. (He did not go to the post<br /> office)<br /> Maria shouldn’t have called John last night. (she did call him)<br /> 7. MUST + HAVE + P.P: chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong quá khứ.<br /> Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard.<br /> Mary looks very tired. She must have stayed up late last night.<br /> B. MODALS IN PASSIVE<br /> In the present: MODAL +BE + P.P<br /> In the past:<br /> <br /> MODAL + HAVE + BEEN + P.P<br /> <br /> Choose the most suitable word or phrase ( A,B,C or D) that best completes each<br /> sentence.<br /> 1. Nancy said you didn’t need to buy her anything for her birthday, but I really think<br /> you………at least get her some flowers.<br /> A. can<br /> B. could<br /> C. would<br /> D. should<br /> 2. I want to change the channel. I don’t know where the remote control is. It ………be<br /> under the couch or perhaps I took it into the kitchen.<br /> A. might<br /> B. must<br /> C. should<br /> D. will<br /> 3. New research suggests that exercise ………reduce the chance of heart desease as well<br /> as cancer.<br /> A. must<br /> B. should<br /> C. would<br /> D. can<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br />