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TRƯỜNG THPT YÊN HÒA
BỘ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ II - NĂM HỌC 2023 – 2024
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – KHỐI 12
I. TRỌNG TÂM KIẾN THỨC
Topic
Vocabulary
Grammar
Unit 6
Endangered Species
Words and phrases related to
endangered animals and plants
The future perfect
Double comparatives
Unit 7
Artificial Intelligence
Words and phrases related to
artificial intelligence and
technology
The active and passive causatives
The passive voice
Unit 8
The World of Work
Words and phrases related to the
world of work
Reported speech: reporting orders,
requests, offers, advice, instructions …
Unit 9
Choosing a Career
Words and phrases related to
leaving school and choosing a
career
Phrasal verbs (consisting of a verb, an
adverb, and a preposition)
Adverbial clauses of condition,
comparison, manner, and result
II. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
UNIT 6: ENDANGERED SPECIES
A. GLOSSARY
WORD
COLLOCATIONS
MEANING
1
evolution
Theory of ~
gradual development of sth
2
habitat
Wildlife/ natural ~
place for animal and plant
3
extinct
Become ~
no longer in existence
4
vulnerable
~ to the flu
easily hurt physically & emotionally
5
environmental
~ issues/ groups
connected with the environment
6
Conservation
~ groups/ organisations
the protection of the environment
7
Endangered
~ species
it may soon no longer exist
8
Essential
for sth/ to do sth
necessary
9
(in)adequate
for sth/ to do sth
Sufficient / səˈfɪʃnt/ = enough
10
Reduce
~ the number of + Npl
Make sth less
11
Lessen
risk/ impact/ effect of sth
reduce
12
verge
On/to the ~ of sth/ doing sth
near to the moment when…
13
brink
On the ~ of collapse/ war/
death/ disaster
in a new, dangerous situation
14
Wildlife
~ habitat/ sanctuary
animals and plants live in natural
environment
15
Wilderness
~ area
a large area of land that has never been
developed or used for growing crops
16
reserves
Set up nature ~
Protected land
17
fear
~ sb/ sth; to do/ doing sth
to be frightened of sb/ sth
18
Frighten
sb/ sth
make sb suddenly feel afraid
19
Dangerous
~ for sb to do sth
injure/ harm/ damage/ destroy sth
20
Survive
~ from disasters/ on $4
Continue to live
21
Evolve
~ from sth
develop
22
Blend
~ in with sth/ sb
match its surroundings
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23
Notice
Sb/sth (to do/ doing sth)
see/ hear/pay attention to
24
Realize
~ that/ how/ what …
be aware of/ make sth real
25
Match
~ color, pattern, style
Combine well
26
suit
~ age/ shape
look attractive
27
Strategy
for doing sth/ to do sth
Special plan
28
Tough
~ childhood/ decision/ time
difficult
29
(un)demanding
~ work/ challenge/ boss
needing a lot of skill, effort
30
Die out
Stop existing
31
thrive
flourish /develop
32
culprit
Main/ real ~
Person/ thing causing a problem
B. PRACTICE TEST
Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. endangered B. evolution C. extinct D. extinguish
2. A. habitat B. survival C. vulnerable D. traditional
3. A. campaign B. horn C. rhino D. extinct
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. environment B. vulnerable C. ecology D. authority
5. A. individually B. conservationist C. environmental D. biological
Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. Many ________ groups now support putting a value on ecosystems.
A. conserve B. conservative C. conservation D. conservatism
7. Saving________ species from becoming extinct is crucial for our health and the future of our children.
A. dangerous B. endanger C. endangering D. endangered
8. Cheetah's tail is ________ during fast running, because it balances the animal and allows fast and sudden turns
which happen often when the prey tries to escape.
A. essential B. basic C. adequate D. sufficient
9. Loss of habitat and increased commercial hunt ________ the number of chimpanzees from 2 million to 300.000
individuals.
A. reduced B. lessened C. weakened D. limited
10. Illegal hunting in Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana, puts African elephants ________ of extinction.
A. in the verge B. on the verge C. on brink D. in brink
11. People should be told about the things that threaten the safety of _____so that they can avoid doing them.
A. the wild B. wilderness C. wild life D. wildlife
12. They ________ the new bridge by the end of the year.
A. will complete B. will have completed C. have completed D. had been completing
13. By the time you finish cooking they ________ their homework.
A. will have done B. are doing C. have been doing D. have done
14. The older you are, ________.
A. the more you may become worried B. the more worried you may become
C. the more worry you may become D. you may become more worried
15. The better the weather is, ________.
A. the beaches get the more crowded B. the beaches get the most crowded
C. the most crowded the beaches get D. the more crowded the beaches get
Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
16. People all over the world are working to help save endangered animals from extinction.
A. harmless B. dangerous C. likely to go extinct D. harmful
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17. There are conservation organisations which try to make people aware of the problems facing wild animals.
A. protest B. protection C. production D. induction
18. Some of the ways in which they are being saved include habitat protection, captive breeding, setting up nature
reserves and parks and using alternative products in place of products from rare animals.
A. money reserves B. booking reservations C. protected areas D. emergency fund
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
19. Governments can help by making international agreements between countries to protect animals (many countries,
for example have agreed to stop hunting the blue whale) and their habitats.
A. dispute B. disrupt C. discussion D. discern
20. There have been agreements from a number of countries to protect the rainforests and prevent deforestation through
financial backing.
A. devastate B. preserve C. pull down D. clean down
21. Scientists are setting up gene banks in which they keep an animal's genetic material in suspended animation.
A. slowdown B. continuing C. delayed D. descending
Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
22. (A) By the time (B) you come here tomorrow, (C) the work (D) will have finished.
23. Mary (A) has left (B) the country by the time (C) this letter (D) reaches her.
24. The environmental (A) pollution level (B) in this area (C) has built in a lot (D) over recent years.
25. Elephants (A) break up thorny bushes (B) to create grasslands for (C) another animals to (D) inhabit.
Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank space.
Staying Alive
Some animals don't have to worry very much about other animals. For example, lions, tigers, and bears don't
usually have to (26) _____ other animals. Most animals don't dare attack them, because they're big, strong, and (27)
_____. Instead, the other animals have to be afraid of them.
Other animals aren't as strong, so they have to worry about predators. A predator is an animal that hunts and
kills other animals. The weaker animals have other ways to (28) _____. Some of them hide, some of them stay in big
groups, and some of them have other methods.
Some animals use camouflage. Camouflage is a way of blending (29) _____ with the environment and becoming
hard to see. For example, one lizard called the flat-tail horned lizard uses camouflage. It lives in the desert, (30) _____
the ground is light brown. Therefore, the lizard has light brown skin. If you were walking by, you probably wouldn't
(31) _____ it. Then, of course, there's the world's number one camouflage master: the chameleon. The chameleon can
change its colour to (32) _____ whatever surface it's on.
Other animals have different (33) _____ Gazelles always jump very high. Scientists believe that they do this to
show lions that they are very fast. They want the lions to (34) _____ them alone and chase slower animals.
The animal world is a(n) (35) _____ and dangerous place. That is why every animal has developed its own
special ways to stay alive.
26. A. frighten B. worry C. dare D. fear
27. A. dangerous B. unharmed C. endangered D. harmful
28. A. evolve B. attack C. survive D. adopt
29. A. in B. with C. for D. at
30. A. that B. where C. which D. when
31. A. realize B. hear C. notice D. feel
32. A. match B. suit C. blend D. go
33. A. successes B. plans C. processes D. strategies
34. A. remain B. leave C. stop D. start
35. A. unlucky B. strong C. tough D. demanding
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Read the passage, and choose the correct answer for each question
Endangered Species
No animal species can survive indefinitely on the Earth centuries ago, species went extinct from natural causes,
for example, they were unable to adapt to bad weather and other difficult conditions. However, animals are now dying
out faster than ever because of human activities. It is estimated that, until the 18th century, one species disappeared
from the Earth every four years. By the 19th century, this had increased to one species per year. By 1975, was 1,000
species per year, and today animals are disappearing at the alarming rate of more than 40,000 species per year.
There are many factors that can cause an animal or plant species to become endangered, and one big one is the
destruction of their habitats. Deforestation and soil, air, and water pollution are usually the main culprits. For example,
the population of critically Sumatran orangutans is now less than 10,000 on their home island of Sumatra, Indonesia,
due to deforestation and farming.
Another cause is from humans exploiting wild animals. Uncontrolled hunting of whales in the last century, for
example, resulted in many whale species becoming critically endangered. The high demands for animal parts stems
from their use in foods or medicines or their values as decorative objects. For example, the ivory tusks of elephants
are used to make jewelry, and the price is high enough that people risk being arrested and jailed to go after these
animals
Introducing a non-native species to an environment by humans, either intentionally or by accident can also cause
species endangerment. In Florida, large pet snakes such as the anaconda and the python have been released into the
large Everglades swamp. The snakes have thrived in their new environment, and now compete with and may soon
overwhelm the swamp's alligators.
Organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the International Unity Conservation of Nature
(IUCN) try to raise awareness of threatened animals and plants. These organizations collaborate with government
agencies to save threatened or endangered species and to make new laws that will protect them. But to really protect
plant and animal species now and in the future, the public needs to be educated on the value of keeping these species
alive.
36. According to the passage, what happened between the 18 century and now?
A. The amount of human activity increased.
B. Animals were less able to adapt to the weather.
C. More animals started dying from natural causes.
D. The weather conditions became more disadvantageous to animals.
37. Why have many whale species become endangered?
A. Their habitat is being destroyed.
B. The high demand for decorative objects and jewelry.
C. They have been hunted in great numbers.
D. A non-native species has been introduced to their environment.
38. Which is NOT mentioned as a cause of species endangerment?
A. introduction of non-native species B. spread of diseases
C. unrestricted hunting D. habitat destruction
39. Which animal is native to the Everglades swamp?
A. anacondas B. pythons C. large snakes D. alligators
40. What is the main idea of the final paragraph?
A. Governments and organizations must work together to be effective.
B. The most important thing is to raise awareness and educate people.
C. Laws are needed to protect these endangered species.
D. The public should know the value of animal parts in foods, medicines, and decoration.
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UNIT 7: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
A. GLOSSARY
WORD
TRANSCRIPTION
COLLOCATIONS
MEANING
1
faraway
/ ˈfɑːrəweɪ /
a ~ look/expression
a long distance away (xa xôi)
2
interfere
/ ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r) /
~ in family problems
~ with her work
Get involved in (can thiệp)
Prevent sth (ngăn cản)
3
example
/ ɪɡˈzɑːmpl /
as an ~ of sth
Set an ~ to sb/ a shining ~ of sth/
follow his ~
make an ~ of sb
= illustration, model (ví dụ,
tấm gương)
4
malfunction
/ ˌmælˈfʌŋkʃn /
Malfunctioning body cells
Cause a ~ in the brain
to fail to work correctly
(machine) (hỏng)
5
exterminate
/ ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt /
~ sb/sth
To kill all the member of a
group of people or animals =
wipe out (hủy diệt)
6
refer
/ rɪˈfɜː(r) /
~ to sb/ sth (as sth)
to mention or speak about
sb/sth (đề cập đến)
7
define
/ dɪˈfaɪn /
~ sth as sth/ ~ in terms of/ ~ what/
how…
explain the meaning of sth
( định nghĩa)
8
aid
/ eɪd /
(UN) with the ~ of sth
(CN) a hearing ~/ teaching ~
In ~ of sb/ sth
= help (sự giúp đỡ)
= objects (thiết bị trợ giúp)
= in order to help (nhằm giúp
đỡ) (collecting money in aid of
charity)
9
hand
/ hænd /
Fall into/ be in the wrong hands
Become controlled by sb (bị
khống chế bởi)
10
application
/ ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn /
~ for sth (membership/ a loan/ a
licence)
~ to sb (the principal)
1. app (ứng dụng)
2. Formal request ( for job/
course) (đơn thư)
11
awareness
/ əˈweənəs /
raise/heighten/increase ~ of sth
knowing sth (nhận thức)
12
exercise
/ ˈeksəsaɪz /
(UN) ~ of power/ thought
The use of power/ right/
quality to make sth happen (sự
sử dụng sức mạnh, phẩm chất,
quyền…)
13
intellectual
/ ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl /
~ task/ curiosity
= mental (thuộc về trí óc)
14
fictional
/ ˈfɪkʃənl /
~ character/ techniques/ world
Unreal, existing only in stories
(hư cấu)
15
behave
/ bɪˈheɪv /
~ as if/ as though
~ yourself
= act (cư xử)
~ in a right way
16
intelligence
/ ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns /
Artificial/ emotional ~
person of high/ average/ low ~
Trí thông minh
17
hold
/ həʊld /
~ sb/ sth (hands)
Hold out for
1. cầm, nắm
wait for sth better (chờ đợi
điều tốt đẹp hơn)
18
chore
/ tʃɔː(r) /
do the household/ domestic ~
a real ~ for sb
A task/ a boring task (việc vặt)
19
communicate
/ kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt /
~ with sb/ sth
~ sth (idea/ message) (to sb)
Exchange information, news,
ideas … with sb (giao tiếp)
20
own
/ əʊn /
on your ~
Alone/ without help (một
mình)
21
come out
/ iˈvɑːlv /
~ the sun, moon (= appear)
1. xuất hiện