Khảo sát kiến thức, thực hành về phòng chống bệnh tăng huyết áp và các yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan đến bệnh tăng huyết áp ở người dân độ tuổi 30–69 trên địa bàn tỉnh Hậu Giang năm 2024

Hypertension, a pervasive global health concern, stands as a primary contributor to cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Projections indicate a substantial increase in affected individuals, underscoring its escalating public health significance. In Vietnam, the prevalence of hypertension is similarly on the rise, posing a considerable burden on the healthcare system. The insidious nature of this condition often leads to late detection, emphasizing the critical role of timely screening and robust preventive strategies. Understanding the community's knowledge, practices, and awareness of associated risk factors is paramount for effective hypertension prevention. This study addresses this critical need by investigating these aspects within the population of Hau Giang province, providing a localized perspective essential for targeted public health interventions.

Public health professionals, healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers focused on non-communicable disease prevention and health education in Vietnam.

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to assess the knowledge, practices, and prevalence of hypertension risk factors among 400 individuals aged 30-69 in Hau Giang province in 2024. Participants were selected using multi-stage random sampling across eight communes, districts, and cities. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, with analysis performed using SPSS 20.0. The findings revealed that a significant majority (74.3%) perceived hypertension as very dangerous, and 81.5% understood the necessity of lifelong treatment. Furthermore, 78.3% believed that hypertension could be prevented, and 70.3% reported regular blood pressure monitoring. However, a noticeable gap existed in specific knowledge regarding risk factors and preventive practices. For instance, only 50.8% knew about the link between a salty diet and hypertension, and a mere 28% identified alcohol consumption as a risk factor. Knowledge about certain complications, such as liver and kidney disease, was also limited. Practical adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations, like reducing salt intake or avoiding smoking, was suboptimal despite general awareness. The study concludes that while residents of Hau Giang possess a basic awareness of hypertension, their comprehensive understanding of its risk factors and effective prevention strategies remains limited. These insights underscore the urgent need for enhanced health education and communication programs. Such interventions are crucial for improving community awareness, fostering behavior change, and ultimately strengthening hypertension prevention efforts in the region, thereby contributing to better public health outcomes and reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases.