BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI
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LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ KHOA HỌC
NGHIÊN CỨU TRIỂN KHAI CÔNG NGHỆ WIMAX
VÀ ÁP DỤNG CHO MÔ HÌNH DỊCH VỤ MẠNG KHÔNG
DÂY BĂNG RỘNG THÀNH PHỐ HÀ NỘI
NGÀNH: CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN
MÃ SỐ: ................
NGUYỄN VIỆT HỒNG
Người hướng dẫn khoa học: TS. NGUYỄN KIM KHÁNH
HÀ NỘI 2006
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LuËn v¨n tèt nghiÖp cao häc
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NguyÔn ViÖt Hång líp cao häc XLTT&TT 2004
Môc lôc
më ®Çu.........................................................................................................................1
1. GIíI THIÖU ..........................................................................................................1
2. Lý DO CHäN §Ò TµI.........................................................................................3
3. MôC TI£U CñA §Ò TµI.....................................................................................4
4. Bè CôC CñA LUËN V¡N..................................................................................5
CH¦¥NG I.....................................................................................................................7
TæNG QUAN VÒ C¸C M¹NG KH¤NG D¢Y Vµ TH¤NG TIN DI §éNG .......7
1.1. GIíI THIÖU TæNG QUAN C¸C C¤NG NGHÖ M¹NG KH¤NG D¢Y......7
1.1.1. Tæng quan...................................................................................................7
1.1.2. Mét sè chuÈn cña m¹ng kh«ng d©y............................................................7
1.2. GIíI THIÖU TæNG QUAN VÒ HÖ THèNG TH¤NG TIN DI §éNG ..........8
1.3. NHU CÇU §èI VíI M¹NG KH¤NG D¢Y TRONG T¦¥NG LAI.............13
1.4. MéT Sè CHUÈN CñA HÖ THèNG TH¤NG TIN DI §éNG.....................17
1.4.1. ChuÈn GSM ..............................................................................................17
1.4.1.1. Tæng quan ........................................................................................17
1.4.1.2. Môc tiªu cña IMT-2000 ...................................................................18
1.4.1.3. §Æc ®iÓm cña IMT-2000 so víi c¸c hÖ thèng ..................................18
1.4.2. Tiªu chuÈn CDMA2000 ...........................................................................20
1.4.2.1. Tæng quan ........................................................................................20
1.4.2.2. CÊu tróc kªnh logic. .........................................................................21
1.4.2.3. CÊu tróc kªnh vËt lý. ........................................................................22
1.4.2.4. Kªnh ®−êng xuèng...........................................................................23
1.4.2.5. Kªnh ®−êng lªn................................................................................26
1.4.3. Tiªu chuÈn GPRS......................................................................................27
1.4.3.1. Tæng quan ........................................................................................27
1.4.3.2. CÊu tróc m¹ng GPRS vµ c¸c giao thøc.............................................28
1.4.3.3. Qun lý di ®éng trong m¹ng GPRS. ..................................................31
1.4.4. Tiªu chuÈn CDMA. .................................................................................34
1.4.4.1. Tæng quan..............................................................................................34
1.4.4.2. C¸c kü thuËt...........................................................................................34
1.5. TæNG QUAN VÒ CHUÈN WIMAX..............................................................36
1.5.1. Tæng quan.................................................................................................36
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LuËn v¨n tèt nghiÖp cao häc
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
NguyÔn ViÖt Hång líp cao häc XLTT&TT 2004
1.5.2. C¸c chuÈn WIMAX..................................................................................37
1.5.3. C¸c b¨ng tÇn .............................................................................................37
Ch−¬ng II.................................................................................................................42
M¤ H×NH Vµ HO¹T §éNG CñA WIMAX DI §éNG (802.16E) ......................42
2.1. Tæng quan Wimax di ®éng..................................................................42
2.2. M« t¶ líp vËt lý......................................................................................45
2.2.1. C¸c kh¸i niÖm c¬ b¶n vÒ OFDMA ...........................................................45
2.2.2. CÊu tróc ký hiÖu OFDMA vµ kªnh con hãa .............................................47
2.2.3. Scalable OFDMA .....................................................................................49
2.2.4. CÊu tróc khung TDD ................................................................................50
2.2.5. C¸c ®Æc ®iÓm líp PHY c¶i tiÕn kh¸c ........................................................52
2.3. M« t¶ líp MAC...........................................................................................54
2.3.1. Hç trî QoS................................................................................................54
2.3.2. DÞch vô scheduling MAC .........................................................................56
2.3.3. Qu¶n lý tÝnh di ®éng.................................................................................58
2.3.3.1. Qu¶n lý nguån..................................................................................58
2.3.3.2. Handoff ............................................................................................58
2.3.4. An ninh .....................................................................................................60
2.4. C¸c ®Æc ®iÓm c¶i tiÕn cña Wimax di ®éng.................................61
2.4.1. C«ng nghÖ ¨ng ten th«ng minh.................................................................61
2.4.2. Sö dông l¹i tÇn sè ph©n ®o¹n (fractional) .................................................63
2.4.3. DÞch vô Multicast vµ Broadcast (MBS) ....................................................65
2.5. KiÕn tróc Wimax end-to-end ............................................................66
CH¦¥NG III................................................................................................................77
C¸C VÊN §Ò CÇN GII QUYÕT KHI TRIÓN KHAI C¤NG NGHÖ WIMAX..77
3.1. §¸NH GI¸ KH¶ N¡NG CñA HÖ THèNG WIMAX DI §éNG......................77
3.1.1. Tham sè hÖ thèng wimax di ®éng..................................................................77
3.1.2. Dù phßng ®−êng truyÒn cña Wimax di ®éng .................................................80
3.1.3. §é tin cËy MAP Wimax di ®éng ...................................................................82
3.2. C¸c xem xÐt vÒ chuÈn më Wimax di ®éng.......................................88
3.3. C¸c øng dông cña Wimax di ®éng .......................................................89
3.4. C¸c xem xÐt phæ Wimax di ®éng...........................................................90
3.5. Lé tr×nh cho s¶n phÈmWimax................................................................91
3.6. C¸c bµi to¸n kinh tÕ...................................................................................92
3.6.1. Thùc tÕ thÞ tr−êng...........................................................................................92
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LuËn v¨n tèt nghiÖp cao häc
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
NguyÔn ViÖt Hång líp cao häc XLTT&TT 2004
3.6.2. Gi¶m chi phÝ...................................................................................................93
3.7. Kh¶ n¨ng ¸p dông WIMAX t¹i VIÖT NAM.............................................94
CH¦¥NG IV................................................................................................................97
§Ò XUÊT GI¶I PH¸P THIÕT KÕ M¹NG WIMAX CHO THµNH PHè Hµ
NéI................................................................................................................................97
4.1. Nh÷ng c¨n cø x¸c ®Þnh sù cÇn thiÕt ®Çu t− thö nghiÖm
c«ng nghÖ WIMAX...........................................................................................97
4.1.1. Tæng qu¸t t×nh h×nh kinh tÕ, chÝnh trÞ, x· héi cña toµn thµnh phè Hµ Néi.97
4.1.2. T×nh h×nh kinh doanh cña B−u ®iÖn thµnh phè Hµ Néi. ...........................99
4.1.3. HiÖn tr¹ng m¹ng l−íi viÔn th«ng trong khu vùc.....................................100
4.1.4. KÕt luËn ..................................................................................................101
4.2. ThiÕt kÕ m« h×nh ....................................................................................101
4.2.1 ThiÕt kÕ qui m« thö nghiÖm.....................................................................101
4.2.2. Lùa chän b¨ng tÇn ..................................................................................102
4.3. ThiÕt kÕ chi tiÕt.....................................................................................102
4.4. KÕ ho¹ch triÓn khai ............................................................................105
4.5. §¸nh Gi¸.....................................................................................................105
Ch−¬ng V ...............................................................................................................107
KÕt luËn ................................................................................................................107
5.1. KÕt luËn .....................................................................................................107
5.2. H−íng ph¸t triÓn ..................................................................................107
Tµi liÖu tham kh¶o.........................................................................................109
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LuËn v¨n tèt nghiÖp cao häc
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
NguyÔn ViÖt Hång líp cao häc XLTT&TT 2004
Danh môc c¸c h×nh vÏ
H×nh 1.1: M« h×nh m¹ng IMT-2000.................................................................... 11
H×nh 1.2: Tæng quan c¸c kªnh vËt lý riªng cña cdma2000................................. 22
H×nh 1.3. Tæng quan c¸c kªnh vËt lý chung cña cdma2000 ............................... 23
H×nh 1.4: S¬ ®å tæng qu¸t m¹ng GPRS. .............................................................. 29
H×nh 1.5: Minh ho¹ vÒ tri phæ CDMA ................................................................ 35
H×nh 2.1: Mobile WiMAX System Profile.......................................................... 43
H×nh 2.2: Basic Architecture of an OFDM System............................................. 45
H×nh 2.3: Insertion of Cyclic Prefix (CP)............................................................ 46
H×nh 2.4: OFDMA Sub-Carrier Structure ........................................................... 47
H×nh 2.5: DL Frequency Diverse Sub-Channel................................................... 49
H×nh 2.6: Tile Structure for UL PUSC ................................................................ 49
H×nh 2.7: WIMAX OFDMA Frame Structure .................................................... 51
H×nh 2.8: Mobile WIMAX QoS Support............................................................. 55
H×nh 2.9: Adaptive Switching for Smart Antennas ............................................. 63
H×nh 2.10: Multi – Zone Frame Structure........................................................... 64
H×nh 2.11: Fractional Frequency Reuse.............................................................. 65
H×nh 2.12: Embedded MBS Support with Mobile WIMAX – MBS Zones ........ 66
H×nh 2.13: WIMAX Network Reference Model................................................. 71
H×nh 2.14: WIMAX Network IP – Based Architecture ...................................... 71
H×nh 3.1: Simulated Performance of Control Channel Coverage For TU Channel83
H×nh 3.2: Sub – MAP Burst................................................................................. 84
H×nh 3.3: Spectral Efficiency improvement with Optimized WIMAX.............. 87
H×nh 3.4: Throughput with Varied DL/UL Ratios And Optimized WiMAX ..... 88
H×nh 3.5: Roadmap For Wimax Technology...................................................... 92
H×nh 4.1: B¶n ®å vÞ trÝ thö nghiÖm.................................................................... 102
H×nh 4.2: S¬ ®å kÕt nèi chi tiÕt......................................................................... 104
H×nh 4.3: S¬ ®å kÕt nèi tæng thÓ........................................................................ 105