• •
,
PhOn 2
CAC
KY
NANG
CAN
THIET
TRONG
HOAT
DONG
CUA
CHU T!CH, PHD CHU
T!CH
HDND
VA
CHU T!CH,
PHD CHU
TICH
UBND
xA
.
Cae
ky
nang
chung
Chuyen
d~
14:
KY NANG
SO~N
THAo
vA
BAN HANH VAN BAN
U6ivai
ho~t
d9ng quan
Iy
cua cac
cO'
quan, t6 chuc noi chung, cua chinh
quy~n
xa noi rieng,
vcln
d~
SO~
thao
va
ban hanh van ban co vai tro va y nghia
quan
trQng.
Van ban
Ia
cong
C\l
va
phuang
ti~n
cO'
ban
va
chu ySu cua
hOl;lt
d9ng
quan
IY.
Ut>i
vai can
bQ,
cong chuc noi chung, can b9
xa
noi rieng,
vi~c
so~n
thilO
van ban
Ia
trach
nhi~m
va
Ia
cong
vi~c
hang ngay. NhUng
nguo-i
tham gia vao qua
trinh
so~
thao va ban hanh van ban phai chiu trach
nhi~m
truac
Ianh
dl;lO,
truac
cclp
tren va
truac
phap
lu~t
v€
van ban rna minh
da:
so~
thao
ho~c
ban'hanh.
I. Tang quan
v~
van ban cua HDND, UBND
cAp
xa'
1.
Khtii quat chung
vJ
van
ban
a) Khdi ni¢m van bim quiin
if!
nhil
nuac
Van ban quan
Iy
nha nuac Ia m9t b9
ph~n
hfru
cO'
cua
ho~t
d9ng quan
Iy
nha nuac, cac van
bim
quan
Iy
nha nuac Iuon co tinh phap
Iy
chung, tuy nhien
bi~u
hi~n
cua tinh
chclt
phap
Iy
khong gi6ng nhau, co nhung van ban chi mang
tinh
chclt
quan ly thong thuang nhung cling co nhUng van bim
I~i
mang tinh
cuang
chS
th\Ic
hi~n.
Van ban quan
ly
Nha nuac
Ia
nhUng quySt dinh va thong tin quan
Iy
thanh
van
(duQ'c
van ban hoa) do cac
cO'
quan quan
Iy
Nha
nuac ban hanh theo
th~m
247
quySn, trinh
t\1,
thu t\lc, hinh thuc nhfit dinh
va
duQ'c
Nha
nuac
bao dam thi hanh
bfuIg
nhfmg
bi~n
phap khac nhau
nh~m
diSu chinh cac m6i quan
h~
quan ly
n(>i
b(>
Nha
nuac
ho~c
giua cac
co
quan
Nha
nuac
vai cac t6 chuc va cong dan.
b)
Khai
ni¢m
van
bim quy
phc;zm
phap lugt
Van ban quy
ph~m
phap
lu~t
(QPPL) la van ban do
co
quan nha
nuac
ban
hanh
ho~c
ph6i
hQ'P
ban hanh theo
th~m
quySn, hinh thuc, trinh
t\1,
thu
t\lC
duQ'c
quy dinh trong
Lu~t
Ban hanh van ban quy
ph~m
phap
lu~t
(2008)
ho~c
trong
Lu~t
Ban hanh van ban quy
ph~m
phap
lu~t
cua
HQi
d6ng nhan dan,
Uy
ban
nhan dan, trong do
eo
quy
t~c
xu
S\1
chung, co
hi~u
l\1c
b~t
bUQc
chung,
duQ'c
Nha
nuac
bao dam
th\1c
hi~n
dS
diSu chinh cac quan
h~
xii
hQi
(Khoan
1,
DiSu
1,
Chuang 1
Lu~t
ban hanh van ban quy
ph~
phap
lu~t
2008).
Van ban QPPL cua HDND, UBND la van ban do HDND, UBND ban
hanh theo
th~m
quySn, trinh
t\1,
thu
t\lC
do
Lu~t
ban hanh van ban QPPL
cua
HDND, UBND ban hanh, trong do co cac quy
t~c
xu
S\1
chung, co
hi~u
l\1c
trong
ph~m
vi dia phuang,
duQ'c
nha
nuac
bao dam
th\1c
hi~n
nhb
diSu chinh cac
quan
h~
xii
hQi
adia phuang theo dinh huang XHCN.
2.
Cac
IO(li
van han va tham quyin han hanh van han cua HDND, UBND
,
clip
xii
Th~m
quySn ban hanh van ban la
ph~m
vi, giai
h~n
cua
mQt
co
quan, t6
chuc trong
vi~cban
hanh van ban.
Nhu
chung ta
dSu
biSt, m6i
co
quan trong
bQ
may
nha
nuac
co chuc nang,
nhi~m
V\l,
quySn
h~
va
ph~m
vi
ho~t
dQng
khac nhau. Trong khi do, van ban
l~i
la phuang
ti~n
dS
cae
co
quan nha nuac, trong do co chinh quySn xii dung
dS
ghi
l~i
va
truySn
d~t
thong tin, d6ng thai cling la cong
C\l
dS
cac
co
quan,
ca
nhan
th\1c
hi~n
chuc nang,
nhi~m
V\l
va
quySn
h~n
duQ'c
giao. Vi thS, tuy theo vi thS
va
ph~
vi
ho~t
dQng,
thk
quySn ban hanh van ban
Clla
cac
co
quan co
S\1
khac nhau.
Thk
quySn ban hanh van ban do nha
nuac
quy dinh, tren
co
sa
chuc
nang,
nhi~m
V\l,
quy8n
h~n,
vi tri cua cac co quan, t6 chuc.
a)
ThcQ
quy
djnh
hi¢n himh,
HDND,
VBND
XG
dU(1c
ban himh va khong
dU(1c
ban
hanh nhilng
loc;zi
van bim nao?
248
Theo quy dinh
hi~n
hanh8, HDND, UBND xa dugc phep ban hanh cac
lo~i
van
bim
sau:
-D6i v6i van
bim
quy
ph~m
phap
lu~t:
HDND xa dugc quySn ban hanh
Nghi
quy~t;
UBND xa dugc quySn ban hanh
Quy~t
dinh
va
Chi thi.
-D6i v6i van ban hanh chinh: day la
lo~i
van ban thong d\lng, nen khong
bi gi6i
h~.
Vi
th~,
HDND, UBND xa dugc phep ban hanh
tftt
ca cac
lo~i
van
ban hanh chinh, bao g6m: cac van ban ca
bi~t
(quy~t
dinh, chi
thO
va van ban
hanh chinh thong thuOng nhu:
k~
ho~ch,
bao cao, thong bao, bien ban,
tu
trinh,
chuong trinh,
dS
an,
hgp d6ng, cac
lo~i
gifty
(gifty
di
duOng,
gifty
gi6i
thi~u,
gifty
nghi phep,
gifty
uy
nhi~m
...) cac
lo~i
phi~u
(phi~u
gui,
phi~u
bao,
phi~u
trinh...
).
Tuy nhien, can
bQ,
cong chuc xa
cAn
phan
bi~t
S\I
khac nhau gifra
quy~t
dinh va chi thi
III
van ban quy
ph~m
phap
lu~t
v6i
quy~t
dinh, chi thi la van ban
hanh chinh ca
bi~t.
-D6i v6i
lo~i
van ban chuyen nganh: tuy theo yeu
cAu
cua
ho~t
dQng
quan
ly, HDND, UBND xa co
thS
ban hanh cac van ban chuyen mon
thuQc
linh
V\IC
tai chinh
(phi~u
thu, phiSu chi); xay dvng
co
ban, y
t~,
giao d\lc
...
b)
HDND, UBND xii
dU(1c
ban himh
vem
bim
ad
giai
quyit
nhfmg vdn
a~
gil
amuc at} niw? Trang ph{lm vi cha phep
din
ddu?
DS
tra lui dung cac cau hoi cua
vftn
dS
thu hai nay,
cAn
n~m
vfrng chuc
nang,
nhi~m
V\l,
quySn
h~n
cua HDND, UBND xa.
Vftn
dS
nay da dugc quy
dinh
C\l
th@
trong
Lu~t
t6 chuc HDND va UBND nam 2003. Can
cu
vao do,
HDND, UBND xa co
thS
xac dinh dugc nhung
vftn
dS
gi
thuQc
trach
nhi~m
giai
quy~t
cua xa, nhfrng
vfuI
dS
nao phai lam van ban
d~
trinh
cftp
tren va nhfrng
vftn
dS
nao
cAn
phai thong bao
ho~c
ph6i hgp v6i cac
co
quan co lien quan
d@
cung
,
giai quyet.
8
D€
nfun
viing
thfun
quy€n
ban
hanh
VIDl
ban,
can
bQ
xii
dn
nghien
Clm
ky
quy
djnh
C\l
th€
trong
cac
VIDl
bansau:
-
Lu~t
ban
harm
VIDt
ban
quy
ph~
phap
l~t
Clla
HQi
d6ng
nhan
dan
va
Uy
ban
nhan
dan,
nam
2004
-
Nghj
dWh
sf,
11012004IND
-
CP
ngay
81412004
Clla
Chinh
phd
v€
cong
tac
VIDl
thu
249
Vi
d\l:
Trong
liOO
VlJC
qmin
ly
dfit
dai, HDND, UBND xa
duQ'c
phep va
khong
duQ'c
phep giai
quy~t
nhitng
vfin
dS
gi?
N~u
ban
haOO
van ban giai
quy~t
cac
vfin
dS
khong
duQ'c
phep
thi
duQ'c
coi la vi
ph~m
th~m
quySn.
Qua
OOitng
phan tich tren,
co
th~
thfiy
vfin
dS
thb
quySn ban hanh van
ban
rfit
quan
trQng,
vi
v~y
tru6c khi
so~n
thao van ban phai
n~m
vitng
cac
quy
dinh
noi
tren.
N~u
khong
n~m
vitng, can
bQ
xa
co
th~
yeu
cAu
nguai khac
ho~c
t\l'
so~n
thao
OOung
van ban sai
th~m
quySn.
Trong truang hqp nay,
n~u
gay
h~u
.
qua nghiem
trQng,
nguai ban
haOO
van ban se phai chiu trach
nhi~m
tru6c phap
lu~t,
van ban se
bi
thu
h6i
va huy
boo
~ ~
A.
d '
th;{
th'
b?¥
II
.YA e
u"c
van an
ell
call ve
nQI
llng va
1.
Yeu cau
vJ
n{ji dung
-Van ban phai
co
tiOO
m\lc
dich.
Van ban quan
ly
haOO
chiOO
OOa
nu6c
duQ'c
ban
haOO
v6i danh nghia la co
quan Nha nu6c
nh~m
dS
ra
cac
chu truong,
chiOO
sach hay giai
quy~t
cac
vfin
dS
SlJ
vi~c
C\l
th~
thuQc
chuc nang,
nhi~m
V\l
cua co quan
do.
Do
do, khi
so~n
thao
ti~n
t6i ban
haOO
mQt
van ban nao
do
doi hoi phai
co
tioo
m\lc
dich ro rang. Yeu
cAu
nay doi hoi van ban ban
haOO
phai
th~
hi~n
duQ'c
m\lc
tieu va gi6i
h~n
cua
no,
vi
v~y
tru6c khi
so~n
thao
cAn
phai xac
diOO
ro
m\lc
dich van ban ban hanh
d~
lam gi?
OO~m
giai
quy~t
vfin
dS
gi? va gi6i
h~n
vfin
dS
d~n
dau?
k~t
qua cua
vi~c
thlJc
hi~n
van ban la gi?
-Van ban phai
co
tioo khoa
hQc.
Van ban co tioo khoa
hQc
phai
duQ'c
vi~t
ng~n
gQn,
du
y,
ro
rang,
dS
hi~u,
th~
thuc theo quy
diOO
cua Nha nuac va
nQi
dung phai
nhfit
quan.
MQt
van ban
co
tinh khoa
hQc
phai dam bao:
+
Co
du
luqng thong tin quy
ph~
va thong tin
thlJc
t~
cful
thi~t,
thong tin
phai
duQ'c
xu
ly
va dam bao chinh xac.
+ Lo gic
vS
nQi
dung,
b6
C\lC
ch~t
che,
nhfit
qUID
vS
chu
dS.
+
Th~
thuc van ban theo quy
djOO
cua Nha nu6c.
+ Dam
bact
tiOO
h~
th6ng cua van ban.
-Van ban phai
co
tioo
d~i
chung.
250
Van
bim
phai duqc viet ro rang
dS
hi~u
d~
phil hqp
vO'i
triOO
dQ
dan tri noi
chung
(m~t
b&ng
dan
tri cua cac
xa
miSn nui chua cao),
d~
mQi
dBi
tuqng
co lien
quan den
vi~c
thi hanh van ban dSu co
th~
nim
hi~u
duqc
nQi
dung van ban
d~y
duo
D~c
bi~t
luu y la
mQi
dBi
tuqng a
mQi
triOO
dQ
khac
OOau
dSu co
th~
tiep
nh~
duqc. Van ban quan ly
haOO
chiOO
OOa
nuO'c
co lien quan
tqlc
tiep den
OOan
dan, nen van ban phai co
nQi
dung
dS
hi~u,
dS
000',
phil hqp
vO'i
triOO
dQ
dan tri, dam bao
tBi
da
tiOO
phd
c~p,
song khong
am
huang
den
nQi
dung
nghiem tuc,
ch~t
che va khoa
hQc
cua van ban.
-Van ban phai co
tiOO
bit
bUQc
thgc
hi~n
(tioo cong quySn).
Nha
nuO'c
quan ly
xa
hQi
b&ng
phap
lu~t,
thong qua van ban
dS
truySn
d~t
cac chu truong,
chiOO
sach cua
Nha
nuO'c.
Vi
v~y,
van ban phai co tinh
bit
bUQc
thgc
hi~n
(quySn
19c
don phuong). Tuy thea tioo
chAt
va
nQi
dung, van ban phan
am
va
th~
hi~n
quySn ll!c nha
nuO'c
acac muc
dQ
khac nhau, dam bao
co
sa
phap ly
d~
OOa
nuO'c
giu
viing quySn
19c
cua minh, truySn
d~t
y chi cua
co
quan
nha
nuO'c
to'i
OOan
dan va cac chu
th~
phap
lu~t
khac.
D~
dam bao tioo cong quySn, van ban phai duqc ban
haOO
dung
thfrm
quySn, neu ban hanh trai
th~m
quySn thi coi van ban
dola
bAt
hqp phap. Vi
v~y,
van ban phai co
nQi
dung
hq.p
phap, duqc ban
haOO
thea dung
hiOO
thuc va
triOO
tg
do phap
lu~t
quy
diOO.
-Van ban phai co
tiOO
kha thi.
Day la
mQt
yeu
d.u
dBi
vO'i
van ban, dang thai la ket qua cua
sg
ket hqp
dung
din
va hqp ly cac yeu
c~u
vS
tioo
m\lC
dich, tioo khoa
hQc,
tinh
d~i
chung,
tinh cong quySn. Ngoai ra,
d~
cac
nQi
dung cua van ban duqc thi' hanh
d~y
du
va
OOanh
chong, van ban con phai co du cac diSu
ki~n
sau:
+
NQi
dung van ban phai dua ra
OOUng
yeu
c~u
vS
trach
OOi~m
thi hanh
hqp
ly,
nghia la phil hqp v6i trinh
dQ,
nang
19c,
kha nang
v~
chAt
Clla
chu
th~
thi hanh.
+ Khi quy
diOO
cac quySn cho chu
th~
phai kern thea cac diSu
ki~n
bao
dam
thgc
hi~n
cac quySn do.
+ Phai
nim
viing diSu
ki~n,
kha nang
mQi
m~t
cua
dBi
tuqng thgc
hi~n
van ban
oo&m
xac
l~p
trach
OOi~m
cua
hQ
trong cac van ban
C\l
th~.
Khi ban hanh van ban nguai
so~
thao phai
tg
d~t
miOO
vao vi tri, hoan
.
canh cua nguai thi hanh thi van ban m6i co kha nang thgc thi. Co nghia la van
251