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Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) Theses and Dissertations
5-2021
Predicting the Financial Vulnerability of U.S. Public Charities: A Predicting the Financial Vulnerability of U.S. Public Charities: A
Test of the Tuckman-Chang Model Test of the Tuckman-Chang Model
Alesha L. Graves
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Part of the Corporate Finance Commons, and the Finance and Financial Management Commons
Running head: PREDICTING THE FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY OF U.S. PUBLIC
CHARITIES
Predicting the Financial Vulnerability of U.S. Public Charities:
A Test of the Tuckman-Chang Model
by
Alesha L. Graves
Lexington, Kentucky
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
DOCTOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
College of Business
George Fox University
Dissertation Committee:
David Tucker, Ph. D., Chairperson
Chengping Zhang, Ph. D., Member
Paul Shelton, Ph. D., Member
May 2021
,Ill\ GEORGE FoxwUNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BUSINESS Dissertation Completion Approval Doctor of Business Administration Student Name: Alesha Graves Student ID#: 1920280 Cohort#: 12 ----�--Concentration: ACCT Project Title: Predicting the Financial Vulnerabilities of U.S. Public Charities has been approved for the Doctor of Business Administration Program at George Fox University as a dissertation for the DBA degree. Approval Signatures: :])��� Chair Dr. David Tucker, PhD. Chair (print) Member Dr. Chengping Zhang, PhD. Member (print) a? Member Dr. Paul Shelton PhD. Member (print) _,,. DrJusti��BA Prog,am Date :S -3 -Z.o2 \ Date Date --------
Date 5/3/2021 PREDICTING THE FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY OF U.S. PUBLIC CHARITIES II
5/12/2021
PREDICTING THE FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY OF U.S. PUBLIC CHARITIES III
Dedication
I dedicate this dissertation to my husband
Kevin Graves
and our daughter
Kelly Graves.
Their love, support, grace, and patience were unwavering through my doctoral journey. I
love you and am so thankful for you.
PREDICTING THE FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY OF U.S. PUBLIC CHARITIES IV
Acknowledgements
But Moses’ hands grew weary, so they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat on it
while Aaron and Hur held up his hands, one on one side, and the other on the other side.
So his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.
Exodus 17:12 ESV
I did not travel my doctoral journey alone. Many were a part of this journey and
provided support for which I am incredibly grateful. My husband Kevin encouraged me
through every class, provided a shoulder for me to cry on when I did not think I could
continue going, and took on so much so that I could have the space and time to work. Our
daughter Kelly has been my biggest cheerleader and the best assistant a DBA student
could have. She provided hours of typing assistance, kept me organized, and provided
music and entertainment when it was needed. I pray that God blesses her fully in all of
her future academic endeavors. My parents, Jack and Dian Caldwell, were also a huge
source of encouragement through the entire process and celebrated the small milestones
along the way.
I am grateful for the support and constructive feedback from my dissertation
committee chairperson, David Tucker. His timely responses to my questions and
dissertation drafts allowed me to complete my work in a short amount of time. I am also
appreciative of Chengping Zhang’s and Paul Shelton’s agreement to serve on my
dissertation committee.
I must also acknowledge the support and encouragement provided by each faculty
member of Asbury University’s Dayton School of Business. In my mind, this team is
gold. I especially want to thank Mike Yoder for taking time out of his incredibly busy