Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Văn học: Từ Hán Việt trên báo Bạc Liêu

TRCtfNG 901 HOC VO TRtfCfMG TOflN

KHOA KHOA HOC CO BAN

KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP

CHUYEN NGANH VAN HOC

TIT HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

Giang vicn hiring dan:

Sinh vicn thirc hien:

PGS. TS NGUYEN VAN Nd

LE VAN HIEU

" ^ ^

rytf VI

Hau Giang, thdng 06 nam 2012

LOI CAM TA

so^c#

Truac tien, em gui lai cam ta chan thanh, sau sic nhat den thay giao, Pho Giao su Tien si Nguyen Van No nguai da tan tinh giup da, huang dan em trong

suot qua trinh thuc hien khoa luan.

Em cung xin bay to lai cam ta sau sac tai nhung thay, co giao da giang day cho em trong suot bon nam qua, nhung kien thuc ma em nhan dugc tren giang duang dai hoc la hanh trang giup em vung buac trong tuang lai.

Em cung muon gui lai cam ta den cac co chu, anh chi trong Ban bien tap

Toa soan bao Bac Lieu da tan tinh cung cap nhung thong tin bao chi bo ich cho em

trong qua trinh thuc hien khoa luan.

Cuoi cung, em muon gui lai cam ta chan thanh nhat den cha me, nhung

nguai da kip thai dong vien, giup da em vuat qua kho khan trong cuoc song.

Bac Lieu, ngay 15 thang 6 nam 2012

Sinh vien thuc hien

Le Van Hieu

LOI CAM DOAN

Toi xin cam doan rang luan van nay la do chinh toi thuc hien, cac so lieu

thu thap va ket qua phan tich trong luan van la trung thuc, khong trung vai bat cu

Sinh vien thuc hien

Lc Van Hieu

de tai nghien cuu khoa hoc nao.

PHIEU DANH GIA LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP

(Giang vien hw&ng dan)

1. GlANG VIEN HUONG DAN: NGUYEN VAN NO

2. SINH VIEN THUC HIEN: LE VAN HIEU

3. MSSV: 0856010014

KHOA: I

NHAN XET CUA GIANG VIEN HUONG DAN

TEN DE TAI: TU' HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

1.1. Chuyen can:

1.2. Thai do:

1.3. Khac:

1. Danh gia chung qua trinh lam luan van tot nghiep:

2.1. Dat van de (theo 5 buac):

2.2. Noi dung chinh:

i n

2. Danh gia luan van:

2.3. Chu thich, thu muc:

2.4. Hinh thuc trinh bay:

2.4.2. Khuonkho:

2.4.3. In an:

2.4.1. Dung lugng (trang):

2.4.5. Chinh ta, ngu phap:

3. Danh gia, xep loai:

2.4.4. Trinh bay:

Xep loai:

Danh gia:

Can tha, ngay

thang

nam 20L

Giang vien huang dan

(Ki va ghi ro ho ten)

Nguyen Van Na

TOM TAT NOI DUNG CHINH

Phan torn tat ngi dung chinh dugc chung toi trinh bai trong ba van de sau day:

Ngi dung dau tien chung toi xin dugc trinh bay la cac khai niem ve tu Han

Viet, lich su hinh thanh va qua trinh phat triSn bao Bac Lieu.

Ve khai niem tu Han Viet, tu Han Viet vai nhieu khai niem khac

nhau ciia nhieu nha nghien cuu khac nhau nhu: Bui Due Tjnh, Nguyen Nhu Y,

Nguyen Thien Giap, Nguyen Van Khang... tu nhung ket qua nghien cuu tren cho

chung ta thay rang tu Han Viet co nhieu each hieu a tung khia canh khac nhau,

dan den nhung quan diem khac nhau.

Tuy nhien, theo quan diem ciia Nguyen Van Khang, "7iV Han Viet

la tir muon ciia tieng Han, duac doc bang each doc Han Viet, viet bang chu quoc

ngu: Cdch doc Han Viet la he thong each doc ciia nguai Viet doi vai chit Han,

duac xdy dung tren co so ngu dm tieng Han thai trung dai (khodng the ky thu

VII)...'' va " nha co he thong cdch doc Han Viet ma trong tieng Viet co mot khoi

luang khd Ian cac tir Han Viet, vi du nhu: dong, tdy, nam, bac, dong, tinh, hod

binh, kien thiet, binh minh..." [10, tr. 50]. Chung toi cung tan thanh theo quan diem

nay.

Con ve lich su hinh thanh va qua trinh phat trien bao Bac Lieu dugc

chung toi tim hieu, due ket qua tung tran duang vai su thang tram, phat trien cua

chung. Dieu chung toi muon khang dinh vai cac ban rang bao Bac Lieu cung nhu

cac ta bao cap tinh khac, deu dugc ban dgc don nhan rat nong nhiet, ho da dam

truyen tai nhirng van de buc xuc cua xa hoi cua dat nuac den ban dgc, va la nguai

ban trung thanh vai ban doc, vai y chi ciia nhan dan trong ngoai tinh ma hg co djp

phan anh.

Bao Bac Lieu, tuy la ljch su hinh thanh va qua trinh phat trien khong lau

nhung nhung gi dat dugc trong nhung nam qua la rat Ion. Tu ta bao it nguai biet

den thi gia dugc ban dgc trong va ngoai tinh don nhan. Bao Bac Lieu khong

ngung tang len ca ve so lugng, Ian chat lugng. Phuc vu tot nhu cau ciia ban doc.

Ngi dung thu hai la gia tri van dung tu Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu. Day la

ngi dung dugc chung toi trinh bay rat can than, kT luang trong phan chuong 2 ciia

luan van. Chuong nay, chung toi da tien hanh su dung phuong phap phan tich tu

Han Viet co tu thuan Viet co nghTa tuang duang, sau do, chung toi con dung

phuang phap so sanh, doi chieu vai nhau nham dim ra cai nhin dung dan ve each

su dung tu Han Viet dugc dung trong bao Bac Lieu. Ngoai ra chung toi con dung

cac phuang phap phu khac nhu: liet ke,...

Vi du:

"... Phat huy vai tro, tiem ndng, sire sang tao va khd ndng dong gop cao

nhat ciia phu nu trong thai ki day mqnh cons: nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nude

va hoi nhdp quoc te". (Muc PACE, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3).

Hai cum tu hien dai hoa, cong nghiep hoa mang sac thai bieu cam duang

tinh, co tinh chat thanh nha. Tuy nhien, khi dua cong nghiep hoa di cung hien dai

hoa cho ta thay su can xung song doi ciia hai cum tu nay, lam cho ngon ngu bao

chi trang trgng, the hien dugc thu ngon ngu mai, cau van them sinh dong, sac net

vai phong each the hien ro rang.

Day co the xem nhu cum tu khuon mau co cong nghiep hoa thi se co hien

dai hoa. Chinh yeu to nay lam cho thong tin dua den ban dgc nhanh ggn hon,

chuan xac han, khong lam mat thai gian cho nguai the hien cung nhu nguai tiep

nhan van ban.

Qua phan tich danh gia nhu tren giup cho chung toi rut ra bai hgc

kinh nghiem, tranh dugc nhung sai sot trong viec van dung tu Han Viet tren cac

ngon ngu bao chi va ca trong giao tiep hang ngay khi co tu Han Viet xuat hien.

Ngi dung cuoi cung, chiing toi cung tien hanh phan tich danh gia sau do

dung cac thao tac so sanh, doi chieu,... de tu do rut ra dugc nhung thanh cong va

han che trong qua trinh van dung tu Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu. Dong thai, neu

len mot van de hien nay la giu gin su trong sang tieng Viet.

***

MUCLUC

%r>'. J, OS

Trang

Modau

1. Ly do chgn de tai

1.1. Ly do khach quan

1.2. Ly do chu quan

2. Lich su van de

3. Miic tieu va pham vi nghien cuu

3.2. Doi tugng va pham vi nghien cuu

3.2.1. Doi tugng nghien cuu

3.1. Muc tieu nghien cuu 4

3.2.2. Pham vi nghien cuu 4

5. Cau true luan van

Chuong 1: Khai quat ve tir Han Vict va bao Bac Lieu

4. Phuong phap nghien cuu 5

1.1.1. Khai niem

1.1.2. Nguon goc

1.1.3. Dae diem

1.1. Khai quat ve tu Han Viet 6

1.2. Vai net ve bao Bac Lieu

1.1.4. Gia tri van dung 14

1.2.2. Dae diem ciia bao Bac Lieu

Chuong 2: Dae diem ciia tir ngu- bao chi va van dung tir Han Viet tren bao Bac

Lieu

1.2.1. Lich su hinh thanh va phat trien 19

2.1.1. Tir ngu trong cac bai tin

2.1. Dae diem ciia tu ngu bao chi 28

2.1.3. Til ngu cac mau quang cao

2.1.4. Tu ngu ket hgp giua yeu to thuan Viet va Han Viet

2.1.5. Tir ngu viet tat, each noi tat

v n

2.1.2. Tu ngu trong cac bai phong van, phong su 29

2.1.6. Tu ngu trong cac tieu pham

2.2. Viec van dung tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

2.2.1. Khai quat chung

2.2.2. Khao sat viec van dung tir Han Viet tren cac van ban bao chi

Chuong 3: Nhung thanh cong va han che ciia viec sir dung tir Han Viet tren

bao Bac Lieu

3.1. Thanh cong

3.2. Han che

Ket luan

Bang thong ke tir Han Viet xuat hien tren bao Bac Lieu co sir doi chieu vai tir thuan

Viet

** **

v in

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

QUY U'OC VIET TAT

1. Ten bao va cac quy uoc trong van ban bao chi

- Bao BL - Bao Bac Lieu

- CB- PV- NV - Can bo- phong vien- nhan vien

- TTTS

Tin tire, thai sir

- TTQC Thong tin, quang cao

- PACL - Phan anh cong luan

- PT- TH - Phat thanh- truyen hinh

2. Cac quy uoc viet tat khac

- BDTX - Boi duang thuang xuyen

- CSDTTP - Canh sat dieu tra toi pham

- CNVC- LD - Cong nhan vien chirc- lao dong

- BCH - Ban chap hanh

- UBND - Uy ban nhan dan

- TB- VP - Thong bao- van phong

- DTTP - Dieu tra toi pham

- GV THPT - Giao vien Trung hgc pho thong

- TNCS Thanh nien cong san

- NTTS - Nuoi trong thiiy san

- NN & PTNT - Nong nghiep & phat trien nong thon

- QSDD Quyen sir dung dat

** **

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hicki

- VH- TT va DL Van hoa- Thong tin va Du lich

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

MO DAU

l.LYDOCHONDETAI

Viet Nam trong the ki 21 dang tren da phat trien toan dien. Mot trong

nhung van de trgng tarn la day manh giao due nham thuc hien muc tieu ca ban ciia Dang va Nha nuac ta de ra: nang cao dan tri, dao tao nhan lire va b6i duang nhan

tai; cot loi ciia viec day manh giao due la cai tien phuong phap, nang cao chat

lugng day va hgc. Doi vai hgc sinh, sinh vien van de sir dung dung ngon ngu tieng

Viet ciing la mot van de het sire kho khan. Mac du, a moi cap hgc, bg mon tieng

Viet deu dugc dua vao giang day song song vai nhung bo mon khac, trong do co

mot so bai day ve tu Han Viet, song, nhin chung mot so hgc sinh, sinh vien da hieu

sai nghla ciia til' Han Viet dan den truong hgp ngg nhan dang tiec khi dat cau, ngay

ca nhung sinh vien Dai hgc chuyen nganh Ngir van. Co the ke ra day mot so loi

thuang gap nhu:

1.1. Ly do khach quan

Vidu,:

Ong ay bi benh da hy sinh horn qua (bai lam ciia hgc sinh).

Thay vi noi: Ong ay bi benh da tir trdn horn qua.

Vi du2:

Cha toi dang trims tu lai can phong.( bai lam ciia sinh vien)

Thay vi noi: Cha toi dang sua chira lai can phong.

- Sir dung tir khong dung:

Vi du3:

Nha van phai xdm nhdp vao hien thuc dai song de tim tu lieu (bai lam ciia

hgc sinh).

Thay vi noi: Nha van phai

- Diing tir sai phong each:

thdm nhdp vao hien thuc dai song de tim tu lieu.

Nguyen nhan la do cac ban khong hieu, hieu sai nghTa cung nhu pham vi

sir dung ciia tu Han Viet, dua vao mot van canh khong hop phong each. Nhu vay,

phong phii va phai hieu dugc pham vi sir dung ciia tir Han Viet de sir dung cho phii

hgp.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

muon tao lap van ban dung thi nguai noi (viet) can co mot von tir vung Han Viet

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Con thuc te, do nhieu nguyen nhan khac nhau, ca khach quan Ian chu quan,

ma mot bo phan nho nha bao chi mai chu trgng tai noi dung chu chua de y gi tai

hinh thirc dien dat thong tin. Bai vay, ho vo tinh bo qua cac loi ve ngon tu a moi

cap do: tir, cau, doan, tham chi ca bo cue van ban. Khong noi dau xa, ngay ca bao

Van nghe, ca quan trung urong ciia Hoi Nha van Viet Nam, dien dan ciia cac bac

thay ve ngon tir cting mac cac loi nhu: Chinh ta thieu chuan xac, cau thieu thanh

phan nong cot, tir dung khong diing nghTa [15, tr. 11-14]. Nhung sai sot nhu vay

gay ra nhung tac hai nghiem trgng vo cimg, lam hieu qua tiep nhan thong tin bi

giam sut, lam cho nguai dgc kho hieu, hieu nham, hieu sai van de.

Vi du4:

Dem Gala vai " Uoc gi", My Tarn da lam that vons vi sir cu mon cua bai

hat cung nhu mot phong each bieu dien nham chan" (Van hoa).

Thay vi viet: Dem Gala vai "U'ac gi", My Tarn da lam khan gia that vgng vi sir cu

mon ciia bai hat..."

Trong khi, phuong tien thong tin dai chiing dugc nhieu nguai quan tarn, tim

hieu; them vao do, chung thuang dugc coi la chinh xac nhat trong viec dung ngon

tir. Chinh vi the, cac sai sot ve mat nay ciia cac phuong tien thong tin dai chung rat

nhanh chong tra thanh sai sot chung ciia toan xa hoi. Tir day, nay sinh mot van de

kha quan trgng nhung chua dugc quan tarn dung mire: van de trach nhiem cua nha

bao trong viec noi dung va viet dung, nham gop phan gift gin sir trong sang ciia

tieng Viet, va cimg co nghla la gop phan giu gin ban sac van hoa dan toe.

1.2. Ly do chu quan

Qua hgc tap bg mon Han Norn va ngon ngu a truang dai hgc, chiing toi

nhan thay tu Han Viet co rat nhieu dieu hay, no dong gop khong nho cho viec hgc

tap bg mon Ngir van. Do vay, thiet nghT, khi hgc tap mon Ngu van, cac ban nen

phai co von tir Han Viet nhat dinh va co kha nang giai thich tir Han Viet de tiep

thu cac tac pham van hgc Viet Nam trung dai, van hgc Trung Quoc va nhat la sir

dung chiing trong giao tiep cuoc song, trong ngon ngu bao chi sau khi ra truang la

rat can thiet.

Chinh vi vay, chiing toi chon lam de tai nghien cuu ciia minh la: TU' HAN

Qua nghien ciru, de tai se cho chiing ta biet dugc viec sir dung tir Han Viet

tren cac to bao noi chung va tren bao Bac Lieu noi rieng, nhirng loi thong thuang

gap phai. Tu do, dua ra dinh hirong cho each dien dat ciia minh khi sir dung tir

GVHD: Nguyen Van No

SVTH: Le Van Hi£u

VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU.

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Han Viet tren bao, tren van ban. Dong thai, giiip moi nguai am hieu han ve tir Han

Viet vai net dac sac ciia no.

No con la diem khai dau cho kha nang thich irng vai moi truang tu nghien

cuu ciia toi trong ltnh vuc khoa hoc. Day cung la so thich, la dieu kien cho toi tien

tai nghien cuu xa han nira trong ITnh vuc khoa hgc ma toi cam thay yeu thich.

2. LJCHSU VANDE

Tren thuc te, truac nay da co mot so cong trinh nghien ciru, hoi thao ban ve

Tac gia Pham Anh Tii, Chu Bich Thu trong quyen 'Tieng Viet va chir viet"

da cho chiing ta mot so nhan xet ve each sir dung tu ngu moi trong bao The Thao

va Van Hoa (tir nam 2000 den 3/2005) [20, tr. 111- 119]. Trong do co de cap tai tu

Han Viet dugc phan loai theo nguon goc ciia chiing.

Con Trinh Sam trong "Hoi thao Giao Due ngon ngu1 tai Viet Nam" vai bai

viet "Dac diem ngon ngir bao chi nhin tir boat dong bao chi a Thanh Pho Ho Chi

tir Han Viet sir dung trong bao a nhieu khia canh khac nhau:

Minh".[\l, tr. 400- 460]. Lai de cap den nhung dac diem ciia tu ngu, trong do co

tir Han Viet va cac lap tir Han Viet dirge cau tao moi.

Tac gia Dang My Hanh, trong "Ngir hoc tre 2007", cho chiing ta co each

nhin ve vai tro ciia nha bao trong viet giu gin sir trong sang cua Tieng Viet- yeu

cau cap thiet ciia bao chi Viet Nam trong thai ki hoi nhap hien nay: mot so thieu

sot thuang gap va nhirng nguyen nhan chii yeu. [7, tr. 80].

Ngoai ra, An Chi cung trong "Hoi thao Giao Due ngon ngir tai Viet Nam "

da chii y ban den chu de tac hai ciia nhirng cai sai ve ngon ngir tren cac phuong

tien thong tin dai chiing.

[8, tr. 15].

Ben canh do, con co cac cong trinh khao sat tir Han Viet a cac phuong dien

cung dugc nghien ciru rat phong phii nhu:

Dang Dire Sieu trong quyen "Day va hoc tir Han Viet a truang Pho thong"

da chii y nghien ciru a khia canh nhan dien tir Han Viet qua cai nhin lich sir de

tu do de ra phuong huang nam vung von tir Han Viet. Mot so tac gia khac thi

lai nghien ciru tim ra meo de giai nghTa tir Han Viet nhu a quyen "Meo gidi

nghia tir Han Viet va chira loi chinh ta" ciia tac gia Phan Nggc, ... Tac gia

phuong dien each dgc va xuat xir ciia each dgc Han Viet. Ngoai ra, chiing ta

con thay bai nghien ciru ciia tac gia Nguyen Van Khang: "He thong kien thirc

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Nguyen Tai Can trong quyen "Sir hinh thanh cdch doc Han Viet" lai chii y a

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

tieng Viet trong nha truang ", de cap den phuong phap day hgc tu Han Viet hien

nay a nha truang pho thong, dieu do ggi ma cho de tai ciia chiing toi rat nhieu.

Mac du, sir quan tarn nghien cuu ve tir Han Viet tuong doi phong phii,

deu khap cac mat, nhung de khao sat tir Han Viet tren mot dja ban cu the, tren bao

Bac Lieu thi chua co cong trinh nao.

3. VIUC TIEU VA PHAM VI NGHIEN CUU

Khi chpn de tai nay, chiing toi da xac dinh hai muc tieu de tai nhu sau:

3.1. Chiing toi muon thong qua khao sat thuc te tu Han Viet tren bao Bac

Lieu de co nhirng ket qua trong viec sir dung tir Han Viet ciia cac nha bao tren dia

ban tinh. Viec thong ke sir xuat hien cua tu Han Viet nham giup chiing toi co each

nhin toan dien ve nhung yeu kem va cac loi thuang gap trong viec hieu va sir dung

tu Han Viet, tir do rut ra mot so nhan xet buac dau.

3.1. Sau khi hieu dugc viec sir dung tir Han Viet tren bao. Muc dich cuoi

ciing cua chiing toi la de ra nhirng thanh cong va han che ciia no, tuc la se nang

cao kha nang giai thich nghia va sir dung tir Han Viet. Dong thai khac phuc nhirng

loi phong each khi dung tir Han Viet trong each viet va the hien van ban, ... Ngoai

ra, de tai con mong muon de ra mot so kien nghi gop phan nang cao k£t qua sir

dung tu Han Viet tren bao chi hien nay.

3.2. Doi tuong va pham vi nghien ciru.

3.2.1. Doi tuong nghien cuu:

Buac dau luan van khao sat sir xuat hien ciia tir Han Viet tren bao

Bac Lieu. (trong mot thang bao, 4 tuan, 144 to cu the).

Sau do luan van di sau vao khao sat tirng phuong dien nhu: van ban

cung cap tin tuc, van ban phan anh cong luan, van ban thong tin, quang cao,

ma co sir xuat hien ciia tir Han Viet. Qua do, rut ra dugc nhirng thanh cong

va han che ciia no.

3.1. Muc tieu nghien cuu

3.2.2. Pham vi nghien cuu:

3.2.2.1. Pham vi khong gian: trong bao Bac Lieu.

3.2.2.2. Pham vi thai gian: trong mot thang bao.

3.2.2.3. Pham vi noi dung: khao sat each diing til' Han Viet tren bao

Bac Lieu va chii yeu la lop tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet dang nghia.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Truac het chiing toi lam phuong phap thong ke sir xuat hien tir Han Viet

4. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU

Ke den chung toi, phan tich, tong hgp lai de rut ra nhung thanh cong va han

che, khi sir dung tir Han Viet vao trong phong each bao chi.

tren bao qua cac so da phat hanh (trong mot thang bao, 4 ki, 144 toi bao).

Ngoai ra trong nghien cuu chiing toi con sir dung cac phuong phap khac

nhu: doi chieu, liet ke,...nham ho trg lam ro cho cac phuong phap tren.

5. CAU TRUC LUAN VAN

Ngoai phan ma dau, ket luan, phu luc, muc luc, tai lieu tham khao, quy uoc

Sau ciing chiing toi tien hanh phuong phap so sanh.

Chuong 1: Khai quat tir Han Viet va bao Bac Lieu.

viet tat luan van gom co 3 chuong:

bao Bac Lieu.

Chuong 3: Nhung thanh cong va han che ciia viec sir dung tir Han Viet tren

bao Bac Lieu.

* * **

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Chuong 2: Dac diem ciia tir ngir bao chi va viec sir dung tir Han Viet tren

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

CHUONG 1: KHAl QUAt VE TU HAN VIET VA BAO BAC LIEU

1.1. khAi quAt ve tu hAn VIET

1.1.1. Khai niem

Ve thuat ngir tir Han Viet, tir truac den nay, cac nha nghien ciru ngon

ngu1 hgc da dua ra nhieu khai niem khac nhau. Chiing toi xin ban mot so quan

niem nhu sau:

Nam 1972, trong cong trinh Van pham Viet Nam (Gian di va thuc dung),

Biii Dire Tinh da neu mot so each hieu dan gian ve tir Han Viet nhu sau: "Co the

dinh nghia mot cdch gian di rang tieng Hdn Viet Id nhirng tieng Hdn phat dm theo

loi Viet. Ban ddu no Id nhirng chir Hdn ma khi hoc trong sdeh Trung Hoa, cac nha

tri thirc nuac ta doc trai di theo giong Viet..." [19, tr. 10].

Nam 1979, trong chuyen luan noi tieng ve tieng Viet lich sir, Nguon goc va

qua trinh hinh thanh cdch doc Hdn Viet, GS. TS. Nguyen Tai Can neu len tam

quan trgng va nhirng dieu kien lich sir, van hoa cho qua trinh hinh thanh ten goi,

each doc tir Han Viet. Tuy vay, qua cong trinh cua minh, GS Nguyen Tai Can

cimg chua dua ra each dinh nghTa cu the ve tir Han Viet.

Nam 1998, Nguyen Nhu Y trong Tir dien giai thich thuat ngirngon ngirhoc

da cho rang: "Tir tieng Viet co nguon goc tir tieng Hdn, duac nhdp vao he thong tir

vung tieng Viet, chiu su chi phoi cua cac quy ludt ngir dm, ngirphap va ngir nghTa

Nha Tir vung hgc Nguyen Thien Giap trong giao trinh Tir vung hoc tieng

cua tieng Viet, con goi Id tir Viet goc Han ". [21, tr. 369].

Viet (ban in nam 1998) cung khang dinh: "Cac tu ngu goc Hdn doc theo am Hdn

Xuat phat tir quan diem lich sir, Le Dinh Khan trong chuyen luan Tir vung

Viet, goi tat la tu Hdn Viet" [9, tr. 241 -242].

goc Hdn trong tieng Viet cung thong nhat vai quan diem ciia Nguyen Nhu Y, ong

khang dinh: "Tir Hdn Viet la lop tir Hdn ma tieng Viet vay muon tir dai Duang va

dua tren ca so'dm doc a TruangAn la dm doc chinh thai bay gia... " [12, tr. 60].

Theo quan diem ciia Nguyen Van Khang, "Tir Hdn Viet Id tir muon ciia

tieng Hdn, duac doc bang each doc Hdn Viet, viet bang chir quoc ngir. Cdch doc

Hdn Viet Id he thong cdch doc cua nguai Viet doi vai chir Hdn, duac xdy dung

tren ca sa ngir dm tieng Hdn thai trung dai (khoang the ky thir VIT)...." va " nha co

he thong each doc Hdn Viet ma trong tieng Viet co mot khoi luang kha Ian cac tir

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

77/- Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Hdn Viet, vi du nhu: dong,

lay, nam, bac, dong, tinh, hod binh, kien thiet, binh

minh..." [10, tr. 50]. Chiing toi cung tan thanh theo quan niem nay.

Tuy theo tung giai doan, cac am nay khi du nhap vao nuac ta da chiu sir chi

phoi ve quy luat ngir am tieng Viet va da tra thanh am ciia nguai Viet. Do do, theo

quan diem ciia nhom tac gia Nguyen Ngpc Quang va Huynh Chuong Hung trong

chuyen de Tir Hdn Viet vai viec giang day tieng Viet va Van hoc a truang pho

thong trung hoc (Tai lieu BDTX cho GV THPT chu ky III) da nhan djnh rSng: "tir

Hdn Viet la lop tir co goc tir tieng Hdn, ve ca ban duac doc theo dm thai Trung co

chii yeu la dm dai Duang. Rieng dm doc thuang co, co nguai goi Id dm co Hdn

Vief\ [16, tr. 12].

Tieng Viet va tieng Han deu la nhirng ngon ngu co lich sir lau dai. Sir

tiep xiic giira hai ngon ngir nay bat dau tir khi nha Han bat dau xam chiem nuac ta.

Trong qua trinh tiep xiic, he thong tir vung tieng Viet tiep nhan mot khoi lugng tir

ngu Ion ciia tieng Han, hien tugng tiep nhan tir ngu1 tieng Han dien ra khong giong

nhau qua cac thai ki ca ve hinh thuc va muc do. Vao dai Duang, tieng Viet da tiep

nhan co he thong mot lugng tir ngir tieng Han rat Ian bang con duang sach va,

nhirng tir nay nhap vao tieng Viet duai dang ngir am dai Duang.

Mac du, co nhirng thai ki nuac ta bj phong kien Trung Quoc tam thai thong

tri, nhung ve ca ban chiing ta khong con chiu anh huomg true tiep ciia Trung Quoc.

Cac trieu dai phong kien ciia Viet Nam mac du van lay chu Han lam ngon ngu

chinh thirc ciia nha nuac, song vi khong quan he true tiep vai tieng Han nhu truac

nira cho nen trong khi ban than tieng Han trai qua cac trieu dai da bien doi rat

nhieu, nhung a Viet Nam chir Han van dugc doc nhu dang ngti' am ciia tieng Han

dai Duong, each dgc do ton tai cho den ngay nay va dugc goi la each dgc Han

Viet. Cach dgc Han Viet la each dgc chu Han a Viet Nam ciia nguai Viet Nam. So

vai ngir am ciia chu Han a dai Duong thi each dgc Han Viet da dugc Viet hoa it

nhieu cho phii hgp vai he thong ngu am ciia tieng Viet. Tir khi co each dgc Han

Viet thi tat ca cac tir Han dugc tiep nhan theo con duang sach va deu dugc doc

theo am Han Viet.

Tir Han Viet la nhung tir goc Han dugc dgc theo am Han Viet. Tir Han Viet

chii yeu dugc diing trong ngon ngir van viet, mang sac thai lich sir, trang nghiem.

Viet hoa. Tir Han-Viet da gop phan lam phong phii von tir ciia tieng Viet, nhieu

khi khong tim dugc tir thuan Viet tuong duang de thay the.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hi£u

Tir Han Viet hien nay bao gom: tir Han Viet co, tir Han Viet va tir Han Viet da bj

D6I HOC VO TRtTdNG TOfiN

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

1.1.2. Nguon goc

THU VIEN

do, dat nuac ta da co han mot ngan nam chiu ach do ho va cai tri ciia phong kien

phuong Bac. Duoi sir tac dong do, dan toe Viet Nam it nhieu chiu sir dong hoa ciia

nguai Han /S tren nhieu phuong dien va lTnh vuc khac nhau ciia dai song: chu

viet, van hoa, suy nghT, loi song, each an a, cac phong tuc tap quan... Mac du,

trong qua trinh chiu sir tac dong va dong hoa do, dan toe Viet da co y thuc rat cao

trong viec gift gin ban sac, phong tuc tap quan, lai an tieng noi rieng cho dan toe

minh nhung van khong the tranh khoi nhirng tac dong, anh huong sau sac ciia nen

van hoa Trung Hoa ma truac net la a phuang dien van hoa, tu tuong, sau do la a

phuong dien ngon ngu, chir viet.

Ve phuang dien van hoa, tu tuong, giong nhu mot so quoc gia khac a khu

vuc chau A nhu Nhat Ban, Han Quoc, Dai Loan, Trieu Tien... van hoa Viet Nam

cung chiu anh huong rat Ian tir Trung Hoa. Co the noi, van hoa Trung Quoc vai

nhieu dac diem dac sac, da dang da chi phoi mot phan Ion nen van hoa Viet Nam

Lich sir Viet Nam da trai qua b6n flgan nSiu xay dung va pha trien, trong

tii' each song, each nghT ciia nhung nguai dan thuang cho den bac vua chua Viet

Nam ngay xira va cho den tan ngay nay.

dong co ban do. Van hoa Viet Nam trong qua trinh Han hoa va chong Han hoa,

mot so lugng Ian cac tir Han da dugc dua vao ngon ngu nuac ta va tra thanh mot

Ve phuang dien ngon ngir va chu viet, cung khong nam ngoai quy luat tac

thong goi la he thong tir Han-Viet bang each dgc nhung chu Han theo am hien co

cua tieng Viet. Ngoai ra, con co cac yeu to Han Viet cimg da dong gop lam phong

phan ciia ngon ngu Viet. Chu Han xam nhap vao tieng Viet da hinh thanh nen he

phu cho ngon ngir giao tiep ciia nguai Viet, cac tir Han Viet van chiem mot so

lugng rat Ian trong chu viet va tieng noi ciia nguai Viet ngay nay. Dieu do da

minh chung cho sir anh huong rat sau sac va ben chat cua nen van hoa, ngon ngu

nay.

Han den van hoa va ngon ngir nuac ta. Sir anh huong do keo dai cho den ngay

Khao sat cac loai ngon ngir thong dung tren the giai nhu tieng Nga, tieng

lay nguon goc tir cac ngon ngu khac. Tieng Viet ciia chiing ta cung the. Dieu ta co

the de thay nhat a day la duang phan giai giua hai lop tir ngu: lop tir ban ngu (con

la lap tir

goi

la lap tir thuan Viet) va lap tir co nguon goc nuac ngoai (con goi

ngoai lai, trong do co tir Han Viet) [2, tr. 10].

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Anh, tieng Phap... nguai ta van co the thay khong it nhung tir ngu vay mugn hoac

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Duoi sir tac dong manh me ciia van hoa Trung Hoa, tieng Viet cung co dieu

kien tiep xiic vai tieng Han tir lau dai thong qua nhieu con duang va each thuc

khac nhau. Khao sat nguon goc, chiing ta co the chia qua trinh du nhap ciia tieng

Han va he thong tir tieng Viet thong qua hai giai doan chinh: mot la giai doan tir

dau Cong nguyen den dau doi Duong (dau the ki VIII); hai la giai doan tir doi

Duong (the ki VIII

the ki X) tra ve sau. Hai Ian tiep xiic Ian nay cung cap cho tir

vung tieng Viet hai nguon goc tir Han ma nhu truac nay van quen goi la tir co Han

Viet va tir Han Viet [3, tr. 10].

Cac tir co Han Viet la nhung tir co nguon goc tir tieng Han dugc du nhap

vao tieng Viet ngay tir dau khi chir Han xam nhap vao nuac ta (dau the ki VIII),

con mang nhieu net am van ciia tieng Trung Quoc truac dai Duang. Do co loi the

di vao tieng Viet ngay tir dau, cac tir nay da dong hoa trong ngon ngti' Viet, tra

thanh mot phan "khong the thieu" ciia he thong tir tieng Viet. Mac du co nguon

goc Han co nhung cac tir loai nay da tra thanh tir ciia tieng Viet va nguai Viet

Nam ai ciing co the hieu dugc nghTa va sir dung nhung tir nay nhu cac tir thuan

Viet khac.

Vi du nhu: Huynh de, phu man, phii cudng,...

Ben canh do, mot bo phan khong nho tir Han Viet khi du nhap vao Viet

Nam lai bi anh huong ciia tieng ban dja, khien cho am dgc ciia chiing bi thay doi

de phii hgp vai loi phat am ciia nguai Viet. Nhom tir nay ggi la tir Hdn Viet bi Viet

hoa nhu: can jfr thanh gdn, sang J^ thanh giudng, can Jjf thanh gan...

Nhung tir nay da dugc nguai Viet dgc thanh am chuan ciia chung theo he

thong ngu am ciia minh. Mot bo phan tir ngu van dugc ggi la tir Han Viet vi chiing

bao gom ca nhirng tir von khong phai la goc Han ma la do nguai Han da vay mugn

tir trong mot so ngon ngu' khac, tiep theo lai dugc nguai Viet phien thiet va dgc

chiing theo am Han Viet nhu nhung tir khac.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Vidu,:

Tir co nguon goc Nhat Ban nhu: truang hop *§ii, nghia vu Hlf&, kinh te

CBS, thu tuc ¥H, bien chirng $$ff, xa hoi tt#, phat trien UrM, nghien ciru

ffl$\,, nong nghiep HH ...

Tii' xuat phat tir tieng Phan (Sanskrit) nhu: Phat ddiftifc, Met ban /138, Di

LacMW), Thich Ca Man Ni ¥fjl#Jg...

Tir co nguon goc tu ngon ngu Chau Au nhu: Cau lac bo i^!?!qP, Anh Cat

Lai ^S^IJ, Mac Tu Khoa WMfA, Na Phd Luan
Mot so tii' mang nguon goc Han nhung lai du nhap theo con duang khau

ngu ciia nhung nguai noi phuang ngu tieng Han, nhom nay co s6 lugng khong

nhieu cting khong anh huong dang ke den tieng Viet, chang han nhu: xi dau, mi

chinh, hodnh thanh, xd xiu, chi ma phu (che me den), phe ngi (ca phe sira), xi

quach (xuang heo hay bo ham nhir), sui cdo...vk nhung tir do nguai Viet tao ra

nhung sir dung yeu to cau tao co nguon goc Han thi cung dugc ggi la tir Han Viet.

Chang han: y si, dac cong, the cong, cong an, thiic bach, dai doi, tieu doan, thieu

ta, tdu thuy, tdu hoa,...

Ngoai ra, con co lop tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duang:

Chiing la hien tugng hai yeu to ngon ngu ngang nghTa nhau nhung lai khac nhau

ve nguon goc.

Vi du2:

Bang 1.1: Tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghia tuong duong

Tir Han Viet

Tir thuan Viet

Giang san

Song nui

Anh em

Huynh de

Hao tam

Long tot

Phu mdu

Cha me

(Nguon: boo Bac Lieu 2012)

Nhin chung, chu Han du nhap vao nuac ta rat sam, theo nhung con duang

khac nhau de den vai tieng Viet. Ben canh viec tiep thu san pham ngon ngu moi,

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

10

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

ong cha chiing ta luon luc nao cung tiep thu theo quan niem co chgn lgc, tren co so

giti' gin sir trong sang tieng Viet. Khong phai ngau nhien, ma Bac Ho ciia chiing ta

da dan: "Nhirng tirkhong dich duac thi phdi muon tieng ciia cac nude. Nhung chi

Nhu vay, tieng noi ciia cac dan toe tren the giai noi chung, tieng Viet noi

rieng luon co sir giao thoa trong each the hien. Nhu chinh sir giao thoa do da gop

phan quan trgng lam phong phii ngon ngu ciia moi quoc gia.

1.1.3. Dac diem

Chii' Han la van tir cau tao theo loi chu vuong, dugc sang tao vao loai

sam nhat the giai. Luc dau, no la chu' viet rieng ciia nguai Han. Nhung ve sau no

dan dan tro nen pho bien Ian ra toan Dong Nam A, de lai mot anh huong sau sac, a

cac nuac nhu: Viet Nam, Trieu Tien, Nhat Ban, cimg nhu nhieu vung dan toe tren

the giai khac. Nhu truac nay, chiing ta hgc chir Han chii yeu la viet sach, sang tac

cac van ban can thiet, coi chu Han chi la mot cong cu, chir chiing ta chua xem chu

Han la mot doi tugng nghien cuu.

Nhung buac sang nhung thap nien ciia the ky 19 dau 20, hoan canh lich

muon khi that can thiet, va da nnran thi phai muon cho dung ".

Viet Nam cung nhu toan vung trong khu vuc.

Chu' Han la van tir vo cimg phong phii nhu cung vo ciing phuc tap, gay rat

nhieu kho khan cho viec pho cap chiing trong toan xa hoi. Chiing chii'a dung

nhirng dac diem ngir phap nhu: Trong tieng Viet, cac tir Han-Viet lam thanh mot

lap vai nhirng dac diem ngir phap rieng. Cac tir to Han-Viet tuy ciing chira dung

nhung moi quan he cii phap (dang lap hoac chinh phu) ro ret khong kern cac tii' to

thuan Viet nhung moi quan he cu phap nay chat che han nhieu. Ma mot trong

nhung nguyen nhan chinh la each dat tir ngugc (phu truac, chinh sau) so vai cac tir

to thuan Viet. Co the neu ra mot cap vi du dien hinh:

Vi du3:

Xa thii Nguyen Van Ba

sir lai dat ra kha nhieu van de moi cho ban than tir ngu Han Viet, a Trung Quoc, a

Qua do, chiing ta co the thay, tir Han-Viet khong gay mau thuan trong

each hieu, con tir thuan Viet, neu khong co ngu canh xac dinh thi de gay hieu

nham. Do tinh chat chat che ciia moi quan he cu phap nay cua tir Han-Viet nen

chiing thuang dugc diing lam tir ngu chuyen mon hay thuat ngir khoa hgc... Dac

diem cua loai hinh don lap am tiet tinh ciia tieng Han va tieng Viet da cho phep

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

11

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Nguai ban Nguyen Van Ba

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu tieng Viet tiep thu cac yeu to goc Han khong nhirng vai tu each la don vi tir vung ma con ca vai tu each la nhung cong cu ngu phap.

Mat khac, tu Han Viet va thuan Viet dang nghTa khong chi khac nhau ve nguon g6c ma chiing con khac nhau ca ve mau sac phong each, sac thai ynghTa va

s&c thai bieu cam.

lai co sac thai ynghTa trim tugng, khai quat, trong cimg bieu dat mot khai niem.

Vi du4:

Bang 1.2: Tii thuan Viet thuong co sac thai y nghia (15, tr. 116).

Tii thuan Viet

Tii Han Viet

/. 1.3.1. Ve sac thdiy nghia: Tir thuan Viet thuang co sac thai ynghTa cu the con tir Han Viet dang nghTa

Co cay

Thao moc

Song ma

Giang san

Sung suang

Sir khac nhau nay, chiing ta de dang kiem chii'ng thong qua nhung ngu canh

van dung.

Vi du5:

Chung ta chi co the noi: "Kuan ve cho cay co tot tuai" chii' chiing ta khong

the noi: "Xudn ve cho thao moc tot tuai".

Hoac khi ve tham que, chiing ta khong the noi nhu the nay: "Giang san Bac

Hanh phiic

Lieu that xinh dep "ma chi co the noi: "Song nui Bac Lieu that xinh dep ".

Chinh vi the, tir Han Viet mang tinh chat tmh tai, khong sinh dong, ggi

hinh. Trong khi do, tir thuan Viet mang tinh chat sinh dong, ggi hinh.

1.1.3.2. S^c thai bieu cam: Tuy co nghTa tuong duang, nhirng dai bo phan tir Han Viet co sac thai bieu cam duang tinh con thu^n Viet co s&c thai bieu cam trung hoa hoac am tinh. Chiing ta de dang nhan ra khi so sanh chiing vai nhau:

12

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi du.

Bang 1.3: Sac thai bieu cam tir Han Viet va thuan Viet (15, tr.119).

Tir Han Viet

Tii' thuan Viet

(duong tinh)

(trung tinh)

Phu nhan

Va

Hi sinh

Chet

Hdo tam

Long tot

Chinh sir khac nhau nay dan den net doi lap giua hai tinh chat: Thanh nha/

khiem nha giua tir thuan Viet va Han Viet dang nghTa. Tir Han Viet co sac thai

bieu cam duong tinh nen co tinh chat thanh nha.

Vi du7:

Tir Han Viet

Tir thuan Viet

Khiem thi

Dui, mil

Khiem thinh

Dice

van de sinh ly, ggi ten cac bg phan ca the con nguai gay cam giac tho tuc nhu: Dai

tien, tieu tien, hau mon,...

1.1.3.3. Mau sac phong each:

Tii' Han Viet con dugc dimg thay the cac tir thuan Viet ma khi de cap cac

Tir Han Viet nhin chung thuang dugc diing trong giao tiep co nghi thuc;

con thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duang co mau sac da phong each hoac phong each

phong each.

Vi dux:

Bang 1.4: Mau sac phong each Tir Han Viet vol thuan Viet (15, tr.l 19).

Tir thuan Viet

Tir Han Vict

(Da phong each)

(Giao tiep nghi thuc)

khau ngu. Dieu nay cho thay moi quan he giua sac thai bieu cam va mau sac

Phu nir

Dan ba

Va

Phu nhan

Hdo tam

Long tot

Chet

Hi sinh

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

13

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Tir Han Viet do dugc diing trong giao tiep nghi thuc hoac chi dung trong

van chuong co nen lop tir Han Viet ggi tinh chat co kinh, khong thong dung.

Trong khi do, tir thuan Viet do gan lien vai loi an tieng noi hang ngay, co mau sac

da phong each nen luon ggi tinh chat hien dai, thong dung. Dong thai, cho ta thay

sir kho khan khi giai thich nghTa, hieu nghTa ciia tir Han Viet.

Vi du9:

Tir Han Viet

Tii thuan Viet

Huynh de

Anh em

Dong tue

Cung tuai

Thien thu

Mai mai

1.1.4. Gia tri van dung

Tir Han Viet va thuan Viet dang nghTa co su doi lap ve dac diem tu tir rat

ro. Van de quan trgng la phai van dung nhu the nao vao nhirng hoan canh va muc

dich giao tiep cu the nham phat huy the manh ciia chiing. Tii' Han Viet do co sac

thai y nghTa trim tugng, khai quat nen thuang dem den nhung khai niem im lim,

khong sac mau cu the, mang hinh anh ciia the giai y niem, thuang sir dung trong

cac van ban co tinh nghi thuc, trang trgng.

Diing tir Han Viet trong tieng Viet rat phirc tap. Tuy vay, nhirng ket qua

phan tich ve chiing da cho phep rut ra mot so gia tri van dung nhu sau:

Truac het, khi van dung tir Han Viet vao trong ngon ngu bao chi lam cho

ban dgc, nguai tiep nhan cam thay doi tugng dang dugc the hien co sir trang trgng,

Vi duI():

cau van them sinh dong.

"Ngay 12/3, Dai hoi dai bieu Phu nir toan quoc Ian thir IX chinh thirc khai

mac tai Ha Noi". (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.Bia).

gai).

Phu nir co nghTa la nguai thuoc giai tinh nir (phu: dan ba; nu: dan ba, con

khong the co yeu to nao thay the dugc. Bai"Phu Nu" co sac thai y nghTa trim

tugng khai quat.

Trong truang hgp nay cluing ta khong the thay bang tir thuan Viet co nghTa

tuong duong: dan ba, con gai... hay mot tir thuan Viet nao khac.

Vi nhu:

Phu nir la tir Han Viet dugc van dung trong ngu doan nay la chinh xac nhat

"Ngay 12/3, Dai hoi dai bieu dan ba, toan quoc Ian thir IX chinh thirc khai

mac tai Ha Noi".

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

14

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren hdo Bac Lieu

"Ngay 12/3, Dai hoi dgi bieu con gai, toan quoc Idn thir IX chinh thirc khai

mac tai Ha Noi".

"Ngay 12/3, Dai hoi dai bieu dan ha,con sai toan quoc Idn thir IX chinh

thirc khai mac tai Ha Noi".

Vi sac thai bieu cam ciia chiing khong khai quat dugc het.

Dan ba la giai tinh nir da co gia dinh, dung tuoi. Trong khi do, vi dii|0 co

tinh khai quat, ngoai nhung nguai Ian tuoi co gia dinh, con co nhung nguai chua

co gia dinh con nho tuoi, nhu vay tir thuan Viet dan ba the hien chua khai quat het

noi dung dang dugc phan anh.

Mat khac, Con gai la giai tinh nir chua co gia dinh, con nho tuoi. Ma vi dui0

lai co them yeu to dan ba thi moi khai quat het. Cho nen, tir thuan Viet nay ciing

khong the sir dung de van dung trong truang hap nay.

Con khi van dung tir thuan Viet dan ba, con gdi sir dung trong ngir canh

nay thi chiing qua tho tuc khong the hien sir trang trgng, ma con dai dong kho

hieu, khong khoa hgc doi vai ngon ngti' bao chi.

Hay

Vi dui ]:

"..., chii tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va phat bieu chi dao

dai hoi". (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.bia).

Phat bieu la neu len y kien, quan niem, tinh cam ciia minh ve mot van de

nao do (phat: noi ra; bieu: bay ra ngoai).

Phat bieu la tir Han Viet the hien sir trang trgng, diing trong giao tiep co

nghi thuc. Trong truang hgp nay cung khong the thay the tu thuan vjet hay Han

Vi nhu:

"..., chu tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va noi chi dao dai

Viet nao cho phii hgp.

hoi".

Hay Id:

"..., chii tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va trinh bay chi dao

dai hoi".

Mot mat, Phat bieu, noi, trinh bay co chung mot dac diem nham muc dich

the hien chinh kien, quan diem ciia minh truac mot van de cu the. hoac da chuan

bi truac, co doi tugng tiep nhan, thuang thirc van de.

Mat khac, phat bieu the hien sir trang trgng, thuang diing trong giao tiep co

nghi thirc.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

15

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Con noi la tir thuan Viet thuang dimg trong giao tiep khau ngir.

Tir thuan Viet trinh bay thi thuang diing trong giao tiep khoa hgc, ciing it

dugc dimg trong giao tiep nghi thirc nhu tir phdt bieu cho nen chiing ciing khong

phii hgp so vai ngir canh a vi dii| i.

Vi dii|2:

"...gia thu mua nguyen lieu thiiy san on dinh va co nhieu logi thiiy san tang

cao nen ngirdan co lai. ... "(Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. bia).

Trong truang hgp nay cimg the, ngu dan la nguai lam nghe danh ca, khi

van dung tii' Han Viet vao trong ngu canh yeu to trang trgng da xuat hien.

Khi tiep can thong tin ban dgc se cam thay nhung yeu to vat va, cue kho

ciia nhirng nguai dan lam nghe danh ca mat di hoan toan, lai tang gia tri bieu dat

Trai lai, tu thuan Viet do co sac thai y nghTa cu the; do sac thai bieu cam

trung hoa hoac am tinh nen thuang dem den cho chiing ta nhung hinh anh quen

thuoc, gian di sinh dong, lam mau sac, mang hoi tho ciia hien thuc khach quan.

Ngoai ra, cac tii' Han Viet ton tai nhu mot cau true chat che, thieu sir van

dong, trong khi do, cac tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duang thuang co to chirc

mem deo, linh hoat han.

Vi diii3:

Han Viet

them sinh dong.

Thao moc khong the chuyen thanh moc thao

Thien dja khong the chuyen thanh dia thien

Giang son khong the chuyen thanh san giang

Thuan Viet

Song niii co the chuyen thanh nui song

Co cay co the chuyen thanh cay co

Trai dat co the chuyen thanh dat trai

Ke den, khi van dung tir Han Viet vao trong ngon ngir bao chi lam cau van

Vi diii4:

"...Mire do tham canh con torn ngay cang cao, 6 nhiem moi truang..."

(Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4).

tro nen ngan ggn, chuan xac, ro rang.

cao nang xuat tang san lugng nong nghiep.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

16

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tham canh chiing ta co the tam giai thich la: Phuang thuc canh tac nang

Tir Hdn Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Vi du!4, cho ta thay do chinh xac, ngan ggn ciia chiing trong each van dung

ma cluing ta khong the thay the them tir, cum tir Han Viet hay thuan Viet nao cho

chinh xac va ngan ggn bang tham canh.

Va lai, tham canh la tu Han Viet khong la, khong moi, chiing ta khong the

nao thay nguyen cum tii' 12 chu cho cum tir 2 chu de sir dung trong ngon ngir bao

chi.

Tiep theo, co nhung tir thuan Viet, Han Viet diing rat chinh xac, nhung

cung co nhung tir thuan Viet, Han Viet diing dura chinh auc, khi dua ilnffiOao

,™B,tag „,»„„.

Vi dii|5:

iMIHOCVOTIiaOBOTOW THU VIEN

"Thong bao ve viec mo mat mien phi\Qiia anaii hdc si Hoa i^f" (Mur

TTQC, so 2065, ngay 15/3/2012, tr. 11).

Mo mat ta xem day nhu la mot can benh ve mat can phau thuat de lam cho

mat khoi benh.

Tuy nhien, dimg trong truang hgp nay chiing ta thay chua co tinh trang

trgng, tao nen mot cai gi do dang sg cho nguai benh.

Thay vi chung ta co the trinh bay: "Thong bao ve viec phdu thuat mat mien

phi ciia doan bac sT Hoa Ky".

Phdu thudt mat ta nghe nhe nhang, khong co yeu to dang sg, ma cum tir nay

ciing tam chap nhan dugc, phan nao the hien dugc het ngi dung can truyen dat cho

nguai tiep nhan chiing.

Ke tiep, dua vao yeu to ma ho, trim tugng, khong sinh dong, ggi hinh van

dung tir Han Viet vao trong ngon ngu bao chi de nham muc dich cham biem, da

kich.

Vi dul6:

"Theo Chu tich Ho Chi Minh, nhirng nguai mac benh quan lieu, benh ban

gidy khong lam duac phai thai di" (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11).

Day la each tao ra sir cham biem tir mot yeu to tir Han Viet "Benh", (benh

la 6m) de roi ket hgp vai "quan lieu", "ban gidy" de tao ra nhung thir "Benh"

Benh quan lieu, benh ban gidy nham muc dich da kich nhung thoi hu tat xau ciia

nhung vi quan "thanh Hem" trong xa hoi.

Benh quan lieu, benh ban gidy la mot thu benh ma khong nam trong danh

muc benh ly ciia cac bac sT, do la mot thu benh de cham biem. De am chi nhung

con nguai bien chat, hach djch, lam kho, lam kho dan chiing.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

17

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Sir dung nhu the lam cho van ban the hien rat hay, tao nen sir dot pha moi.

Giup cho nha bao the hien dugc dung y cua minh trong cong cuoc dau tranh vai

vai tro la ca quan ngon luan.

Cuoi ciing, tuy vao hoan canh, doi tugng cu the ma van dung tir Han Viet hay thuan Viet lam cau van them sinh dong, chinh xac tao nen net dac sic rat rieng

ciia bao Bac Lieu so vai cac to bao khac.

Vi dii|7:

"Den du co ba Truang Thi Nghi, Pho Chu tich Hoi LHPN tinh; cac co cao

nien trong Hoi, dai dien nir CNVC- LD tren dia ban thanh pho". (Muc TTTS, so

2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. bia).

Cao nien co nghTa la nguai Ian tuoi. (cao: Ion; nien: nam, tuoi)

Cao nien la tir Han Viet diing trong giao tiep nghi thirc

Vi diiiX:

"Horn nay 6/3/2012, CLB Nguai cao tuoi tluioc trung tam VH- TT tinh to

chirc buoi lien hoan van nghe cho cac cu "(Muc TTTS, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr.

11).

Cao tuoi ciing co nghTa la nguai Ian tuoi.

Cao tuoi la tir thuan Viet dimg trong giao tiep khau ngu hang ngay trong

cuoc song.

Qua phan tich cho chiing ta thay trong cimg mot muc dich the hien, cimg

chi ve mot doi tugng (nguai cao tuoi, nguai gia) nhung co sir the hien rat hgp ly o

timg hoan canh cu the. Cao nien la mot tir Han Viet the hien su trang trgng, trang

nghiem, co sac thai bieu cam duang tinh; cao tuoi la tir thuan Viet co sac thai bieu

cam trung tinh, rat gan gui, de hieu, de nho giup cho doi tugng tiep can sir viec

dugc nhanh le, ro rang.

Vi dii|9:

"..., chu tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va phdt bieu chi dao

dai hoi". (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. bia).

Phdt bieu co nghTa la neu len y kien, quan niem, tinh cam ciia minh ve mot

Hay:

van de nao do (phat: noi ra; bieu: trinh bay ra).

"Ban ve van de nay ong Giang no[ them, a vung Nam QL1A hien nay, mot

ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4).

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

18

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

con kenh cap nuac, xa nuac NTTS xdi chung 3- 4 dp,... " (Muc PACL, so 2060,

Tir Hdn Viet tren hdo Bac Lieu

Hay:

"Chu tich Hoi dong Khoa hoc nganh Yte tinh cho biet: Nghien ciru irng

dung cac tien bo y hoc ciia the giai vao cong tac cham soc, dieu tri benh nhan Id

mot dac thu la trdch nhiem ciia tat ca cac can ho, nhan vien Yte ". (Muc PACL, so

2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5).

Vai tir Han Viet "phdt bieu"; tir thuan Viet "noi", "cho biet" deu ciing the hien

mot van de la cung cap thong tin cho nguai tiep nhan. Nhung trong tung truang

hgp cluing lai sir dung khac nhau, tire la co su can nhac cua tac gia bao chi la nen

diing tu Han Viet hay thuan Viet cho hgp ly. "Phdt bieu" the hien sir trang trong,

trang nghiem, nen dimg trong van ban co nghi thirc; Con hai tir "noi", "cho biet"

than mat han, gan gui han nen dimg trong giao tiep hang ngay, ngon ngir binh dan.

Cac tir goc Han noi chung va tii' Han Viet noi rieng, co vi tri rat dac biet trong

tii' vung tieng Viet. Chiing co so lugng rat Ion va nang luc san sinh rat manh.

Chiing hoa nhap vao moi lmh vuc giao tiep ciia dai song nguai Viet: Chinh tri,

van hoa, khoa hgc, kT thuat, quan sir, ngoai giao, y te, phap luat... Dieu nay khong

co gi la, bai vi tri va qua trinh tiep xiic lau doi giira tieng Han vai tieng Viet tat

dan den ket qua do. Dieu quan trong la a cho chiing ta phai co each nhin nhan va

xir li cac nhom, cac lop tir trong lap tir goc Han nay sao cho thoa dang, phii hop vai nhu cau xay dung mot he thong tir vung tieng Viet phong phii, dhy du ma van

khong lam giam bat ban sac tieng noi dan toe. Dong thai chiing ta can xem xet tiiy

tung truang hap ma van dung cho no chinh xac han.

1.2. VAI NET VE BAO BAC LIEU

1.2.1. Ljch su hinh thanh va phat trien

thanh va phat trien da de lai nhung thanh cong va dau an dang ghi nhan.

Sau nhung thang tram chung cua dat nuac, bao Bac Lieu vai lich sir hinh

1.2.1.1. 10 nam dau bao Bac Lieu (1947- 1957)

Bao Bac Lieu tir hao co qua trinh lich sir rat dai, ra dai rat sam so vai nhieu

ta bao trong ca nuac:

Tien than ciia Bao Bac Lieu la to bao Chien, so dau tien ra ngay 1/1/1947, tai

Tan Hoa, lang Tan Duyet, quan Ca Mau, tinh Bac Lieu (nay la xa Tan Duyet,

huyen Dam Doi, tinh Ca Mau).

Nam 1948, do tinh hinh chung va thay doi can bo nen chuyen thanh to

Thong tin Bac Lieu.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

19

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Nam 1950, do yeu cau ciia cuoc khang chien len cao, doi hoi cong tac tuyen

truyen ciia each mang cang birc bach, Mat tran Viet Minh tinh Bac Lieu chii

truang ra them to bao Ciru Quoc.

Sau Hiep dinh Geneve nam 1954, tinh Bac Lieu lai ra doi to Thong tin lay ten

Hoa Binh - Thong Nhat, do dong chi Tran Nggc Hy phu trach. To thong tin nay

ton tai va phat trien cho den ngay Dong Khai nam 1960 (tinh Ca Mau dugc thanh

lap thi danh nghTa Bac Lieu khong con).

1.2.1.2. 16 nam sap nhap hdo Bac Lieu voiSoc Trang (1957- 1973)

Nam 1957, toan bo cac huyen, thi ciia tinh Bac Lieu ngay nay sap nhap vai tinh

Soc Trang cho phii hgp dau tranh each mang. To Thong tin Soc Trang - Bac Lieu

do dong chi Nguyen Van Qui (Hai Ca), Uy vien Ban Tuyen huan tinh phu trach;

Hinh thuc the hien nhu to Thong tin Hoa Binh - Thong Nhat.

Truac va sau Dong Khai nam 1960, ciing vai 2 ta tin, Soc Trang - Bac Lieu ra

them to bao Hoa Binh - Thong Nhat, roi Co giai phong. Den nam 1962 doi ten la

bao Chien. To bao Chien ra deu dan moi thang, ngoai ra con ra them cac to bao ky

niem le, tet, chien dich... nhieu trang, nhieu mau phuc vu kip thoi cho quan dan

trong tinh.

1.2.1.3. 3 nam bdo Bac Lieu tai lap tinh (1973- 1976)

Den cuoi nam 1973, sau Hiep dinh Paris, Bac Lieu tai lap tinh. Bao Bac Lieu

cimg vai viec ra kho 30 x 20cm, con lam them nhiem vu cung cap tin bai hang

ngay cho Dai Truyen thanh thi xa (luc do chua co Dai PT-TH) va cho den ngay

sap nhap 2 tinh Bac Lieu - Ca Mau (nam 1976).

1.2.1.4. 20 nam bdo Bac Lieu sap nhap v&i bdo Ca Mau (1976- 1996)

Mau sap nhap, ra dugc vai so (vai thang) thi thang 10/1976, Dai hoi Dang bo tinh,

quyet d|nh doi ten Ca Mau - Bac Lieu lay ten tinh Minh Hai va bao Minh Hai ra

dai tir do. Ban dau, phat hanh moi tuan/ky, den nam 1979, 1980 ra them phu san

moi tuan/ky va cac phu san vao ngay le Ian, cac an pham phuc vu cho cham soc

sire khoe... Tii' nam 1985 tra di 2 ky/tuan, roi 3 ky/tuan, co luc phat hanh len den

70.000 ta/ky.

Bao Ca Mau - Bac Lieu ra doi vao giua nam 1976 khi 2 tinh Bac Lieu - Ca

Theo quyet djnh ciia Chinh phii, tinh Bac Lieu dugc tai lap Ian thu hai vao

ngay 1/1/1997, ngay luc do, Toa soan chua on dinh cho noi lam viec, chua on dinh

to chiic nhung quyet tam ciia Toa soan la ra so bao Bac Lieu dau tien tai lap tinh

Ian thu hai diing vao ngay 1/1/1997, tao dugc sinh thai moi ve chinh tri ciia mot

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

20

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

1.2.1.5. Bdo Bac Lieu sau 14 nam tai lap tinh Bac Lieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

tinh moi tai lap; tao dugc thanh the ciia ta bao. Tru so Bao Bac Lieu dat tai so 31,

duong Le Van Duyet, phuang 3, TX. Bac Lieu (dia chi hien nay la so 16, duong

Le Van Duyet, phuang 3, TP. Bac Lieu, tinh Bac Lieu).

Tir to bao phat hanh moi tuan 1 ky 4 trang, nay moi tuan 3 ky, moi ky 12

trang, co 2 trang mau, noi dung phong phii vai nhieu chuyen muc, chuyen trang,

co phu trang thong tin kinh te dap irng nhu cau ciia nhieu doi tugng ban dgc. Vai

so lugng phat hanh tir 3.500to/ky len den 5.500to/ky; Hang nam, deu xuat ban bao

xuan in tren giay couche 4 mau vai gan 70 trang noi dung phuc vu ban dgc trong

dip Tet Nguyen dan, xuat ban to bao theo quy trinh cong nghe moi.

Sau 14 nam phan dau, den nay Bao Bac Lieu da co 37 CB, PV, NV: co 23

dai hgc (trong do co 12 Dai hgc Bao chi), dang tiep tuc dao tao 5 phong vien hgc

chuyen nganh Bao chi bac dai hgc, 2 cao dang, 3 trung cap. Ve trinh do chinh trj:

co 25 can bo, phong vien da qua dao tao trinh do cu nhan, cao cap, trung cap (1 cu

nhan, 6 cao cap chinh trj va 20 trung cap). Bo may to chuc ciia Toa soan dugc

hinh thanh: Ban Bien tap, 6 phong chuc nang: phong Hanh chinh - Tri sir, phong

Thu ky Toa soan, phong Xay dung Dang - Noi chinh - Kinh te, phong Ban dgc -

Tu lieu, phong bao Dien tir. Chi bo co 14 dang vien, nhieu nam lien dugc cong

nhan la Chi bo "trong sach vung manh", cac doan the: Cong doan, Chi doan TNCS

Ho Chi Minh, Chi hoi Nha bao deu hoat dong tot - nhat la phat huy tinh dan chii

trong viec thuc hien nhiem vu chinh tri ciia co quan.

Cong tac xuat ban - phat hanh: Nam 1997, do doi ngii can bo, phong vien it

nen chi xuat ban moi tuan 1 ky. Den nay, xuat ban moi tuan 3 ky vao cac ngay thir

ba, thir nam va thu bay, moi ky 12 trang. Hien nay, cong tac phat hanh bao den

nhieu doi tugng trong va ngoai tinh. Phat hanh trong tinh chii yeu den cac chi bo, 5

doan the a khom - ap, trong he thong giao due, cac truang trung hgc pho thong,

trung hgc chuyen nghiep va cao dang, dai hgc, cac to chuc cong doan, chi doan

thanh nien a cac co quan, xi nghiep... Ben canh do, tang cuong va mo rong mang

luoi phat hanh thong qua cac quay, sap ban bao... Binh quan phat hanh moi ky

Tir ngay 15/4/2007, xuat ban them Bao Bac Lieu chu Khmer, phat hanh moi

thang 2 ky (moi ky 1.000 to) phuc vu dong bao dan toe Khmer trong tinh.

4.500 to - tang gap 3 Ian so vai nhung nam dau Bao Bac Lieu moi dugc thanh lap.

Lieu Online.

Nam 2010, Bao Bac Lieu vinh du dugc Chu tich nuac Cong hoa xa hoi chii

Tir ngay 1/9/201 1, khai truang dua vao hoat dong trang thong tin dien tir Bac

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

21

SVHT: Le Van Hi£u

nghTa Viet Nam trao tang Huan chuong Lao dong hang Ba.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

1.2.2. Dac diem ciia bao Bac Lieu

Bac Lieu nay la thanh pho Bac Lieu- mot trong nhung trung tam kha phat

trien, mot trong nhung dau moi giao thong lien tinh nang dong; thuc tien noi day

da dat nen mong cho nhung chii truang, chinh sach mang y nghTa dot pha co tam

anh huong tren pham vi ca nuac.

Ve bao chi, khai dau vai ta bao chien ngay 1/1/1947, trong han 14 nam

truang thanh, phat trien, bao Bac Lieu khong ngirng hoan thien, thu dugc nhieu

thang lgi. Cimg vai sir phat trien ciia bao chi ca nuac, bao Bac Lieu nhirng nam

qua da co nhung budc phat trien vugt bac ca ve so lugng va chat lugng. Hoat

dong ciia bao Bac Lieu dang dat ra nhung van de thai sir lien quan den qua trinh

quoc te hoa va giu gin ban sac tieng Viet.

Bao Bac Lieu thuoc quyen chii quan ciia Tinh iiy Bac Lieu. Ngay 1/1/1997

bao Bac Lieu ra so dau tien, phat hanh moi tuan 1 ky, moi ky 4 trang, nay moi tuan

3 ky, moi ky 12 trang, co 2 trang mau, noi dung phong phu vai nhieu chuyen muc,

chuyen trang, co phu trang thong tin kinh te dap ling nhu cau ciia nhieu doi tugng

ban dgc. Vai so lugng phat hanh tir 3.500to/ky len den 5.500to/ky; Try so Bao

Bac Lieu dat tai so 31, duong Le Van Duyet, phuong 3, TX. Bac Lieu (dia chi

hien nay la so 16, duong Le Van Duyet, phuong 3, TP. Bac Lieu, tinh Bac Lieu).

Vai su co gang ciia toan the anh em trong toa soan, sir dan dat nhiet tinh day tam

huyet ciia tong bien tap dong chi Nguyen Duy Hoang. Vira on dinh to chuc, Ban

bien tap bao vira tap trung cai tao noi dung, hinh thirc doi moi thong tin, cung cap

nhieu tin tire sat vai cuoc song.

1.2.2.1. Noi dung

Bao chi Bac Lieu ve noi dung trinh bay rat phong phii, the hien dugc tieng

noi ciia Dang Bo, Chinh Quyen va Nhan Dan tinh nha, la co quan quyen lire ciia

Dang Bo Dang Cong San Viet Nam tinh Bac Lieu.

Trong tien trinh doi moi bao chi, toa soan luon no luc de hoan thien chinh

minh, phat huy nhung mat tich cue, khac phuc nhung yeu kem sai lam, khong

ngirng hoc hoi nang cao tay nghe. Qua do nang cao dugc chat lugng ve noi dung,

dap irng nhu cau ciia ban dgc trong va ngoai tinh. Bao Bac Lieu danh rieng ca

cong khai, cong bang trong phap luat.

Noi dung bao Bac Lieu, bam sat vai cuoc song, han che toi da dua nhirng

tin chg biia, le tan, tang cuong cac the loai phong sir, dieu tra, the hien vai tro tien

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

22

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

trang 8 de neu y kien ban dgc ve phap luat va tra loi ban dgc, tao nen tinh dan chii

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu phong ciia bao chi, tao tien de phat huy tiem nang the manh trong qua trinh hoi nhap, phat trien hien nay cua nganh bao chi trong ca nuac.

Chi sau han 14 nam truang thanh, bao Bac Lieu khong ngiing phat trien, khong ngiing quan triet phuong cham, duong loi, phuong huong, chien luge ciia Dang, the hien dugc thir ngon ngir dS hieu, de tiep thu, phii hgp vai trinh do ciia quan cluing, ciia ban dgc trong, ngoai tinh. The hien vai tro cua Dang, dien dan ciia nhan dan. Bao chi luon la mon an tinh than, ban dong hanh ciia nhan dan.

Sau day chiing toi xin so sanh, de chiing ta thay ro nhung net giong va khac

nhau ve noi dung bao Bac Lieu trong cac chuyen muc qua cac trang bao:

Bang 1.5: Nhung net giong va khac nhau trong bao Bac Lieu

Giong

0 moi to bao Bac Lieu bao gom muoi hai trang. Trang dau la trang chii diing de giai thieu cac de muc tieu de ciia cac bai tin se dugc dang or cac

nhau

trang sau.

* Trang 2 la chuyen muc: Tin tuc - sir kien gom nhung tin van, nhung thong tin, su kien n6i bat lien quan den doi song, nhung thong tin, sir kien gay birc xiic hien nay a tinh Bac Lieu.

Trang 3la chuyen muc: Chinh tri cung cap cho chiing ta nhung van de mang tinh chat chinh tri ro net, nhirng chii chuong chinh sach ciia Dang, phap luat ciia nha nuac. Nhung thong tin ciia Dang, ciia Doan ...trong cong

cuoc xay dung dat nuac hien nay.

~Trang 4 la chuyen muc: Kinh te cho chiing ta biet them ve su thay da d6i thit nho chinh sach diing din ciia nha nuac, nhung mo hinh xay dung nong thon moi, nhirng Hoi vien, nhung sang kien lam giau a dia phuong, phong trao thi dua san xuat gioi, lam giau cho que huong.

Trang 5 la chuyen muc: Giao due - hoc duang do la nhung bai hoc giao due each lam nguai cua hgc sinh sinh vien hien nay trong tinh nha, do la nhirng lai tuyen truyen c6 dong Doan vien thanh nien va moi nguai chung tay bao ve moi truang hien nay.

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

23

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Trang 6 chuyen muc: Van hoa - nghe thuat day la the manh tiem nang

ciia miet vuon song nuac hiru tinh, vai nhirng nghe nhan tai hoa. Nen danh

chon ca mot trang noi ve no. Do la nhung phong trao van hoa van nghe,

nhirng tai nang nghe thuat dang toa sang, vai nhung di tich danh lam thang

canh dep thu hut khach du lich a nhieu nai khac ddn vieng. Vai nhung ban

sac dam da tinh dan toe ciia nguai dan Nam bo cung dugc noi den.

* Trang 8 chuyen muc: Ban doc -phap luat lien quan toi nhung van de

nhu tra loi ban dgc, y kien ban dgc, cung cap cho chiing ta nhirng chu truang

chinh sach ciia Dang, phap luat cua nha nuac, nhung yeu cau tranh chap

khieu nai to cao ciia cong dan.

* Trang 9 chuyen muc: An ninh - trdt tu day la nhung trang viet cung

cap thong tin bao ve an ninh trat tu ciia quan, dan, ...trong toan tinh. Phai

bay nhirng hinh phat thich dang nham giao due nhirng thoi hu tat xau. Bao

ve sir binh yen hanh phiic cho mgi nguai. Nang cao tinh than canh giac bao

ve dat nuac xa hoi chii nghTa.

* Trang 10 la chuyen muc: Dai song - xa hoi nhirng thong tin cung cap

cho cluing ta nhirng bien phap cham soc sire khoe, phong ngira benh tat cho

mgi nguai. Nang cao cuoc song an lanh hanh phiic cho xa hoi

* Trang 12 chuyen muc: The giai - the thao cung cap nhung tin noi bat

trong va ngoai nuac, dap irng nhirng nhu cau ve giai tri, the due th£ thao cho

ban doc.

Khac

KI BAO

CHUYLN

SO

NOI DUNG

nhau

MUC

TRANG

Thir ba

Trang viet giai

thieu nghe thu

Van de horn nay.

trong cuoc song. Trang nay do So

LDTB&XH phoi hgp vai bao Bac

Lieu thuc hien.

Y te - sire khoe

Giao due mgi nguai cham soc bao

ve sire khoe ciia minh va ciia cong

dong

24

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

cong truyen thong, nhung van de

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

5

Giao due - hgc

Neu len cac van de trong giao due

duong

hien nay nhu: phan bo trong thi

chgn hgc sinh gioi: "Lgi bat cap

hai", chung quanh cac van de dao

Thii' nam

Giao due

5

tao, giao due trong cong dong

Thanh- thieu

Trang danh rieng cho thanh thieu

nien

nhung y chi, tinh than xung kich

ciia tuoi tre.

9

nien, noi ve nhung tam guong,

Nhung nguyen tac song va lam

luat

viec theo phap luat, tang cuong y

Dai song phap

10

thuc chap hanh phap luat.

Bao quanh cac van de ve cuoc

thi

Nhip song do

nay, trong thanh pho hien dai.

4

Thir bay

song hoi nhap ciia nong dan hien

thon moi

Xay dung nong Nhung trang viet di vao cuoc

dan tim ra huong di moi. Xay

song ciia nguai dan de ciing nguai

thon giau dep.

5

Y te - sire khoe

dung mot xa hoi van minh, nong

nhung nghien ciru phat minh moi.

9

An ninh - quoc

Nhung can benh hiem ngheo va

thai dai moi.

Viet ve anh bo doi cu Ho trong

phong

(Nguon: bdo Bac Lieu nam 2012)

tirng chuyen muc la gi do bao Bac Lieu muon bam sat nhung sir kien khac nhau

ciia tirng thai ki de phan anh, cung cap nhung thong tin kip thai trong tung su kien

quan trong cho ban dgc. Tao nen nhung thong tin luon moi, khong co sir trung lap,

So dT, co sir khac biet lai thay doi tirng trang nhu tren qua cac noi dung a

nhien, chiing van the hien nhirng diem giong nhau, thong nhat de tir do chiing ta co

the phat hien dugc nhirng dac diem rat rieng ciia bao Bac Lieu so vai cac loai hinh

theo khuon mau co hu khong phii hgp vai thai dai bimg no thong tin hien nay. Tuy

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

25

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

bao khac hien nay nhu: bao Hau Giang, bao VTnh Long, bao Soc Trang,...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

1.2.2.2. Hinh thirc

Bao Bac Lieu, luc dau phat hanh moi tuan 1 ky, moi ky 4 trang. Trong thai ky

bimg no thong tin, bao Bac Lieu da co buac phat trien manh me ca ve lugng Ian ve

chat, nhiem vu nang cao chat lugng thong tin dugc Dang va Nha nuac dac biet coi

trgng. Tir do, dap img nhu cau thi hieu ciia dong dao ban dgc, cho nen bao Bac

Lieu khong ngirng hoan thien minh vai nhieu sir thay doi cu the la ve hinh thirc:

Phat hanh moi tuan 3 ky, thu ba, thir nam, cudi tuan.

Moi ky 12 trang.

Mang set ghi "Co quan ciia Dang bo Dang Cong San Viet Nam tinh Bac Lieu

Lieu".

Tieng noi ciia Dang bo, Chinh quyen va Nhan dan tinh Bac

Mau sac: co hai trang in mau, trang dau tien, cac tit bao quan trgng dugc in

vai mau sac khac nhau, rat bat mat va hap dan: so thir ba, in mau tim sen; so thir

Vai cac trang chuyen de nhu: trang 2: Tin tire

sir kien, trang 3: Chinh tri,

trang 4: Kinh te, trang 5: Giao due - hgc duong, trang 6: Van hoa - nghe thuat,

trang 8: Ban dgc - phap luat, trang 9: An ninh - trat tir, trang 10: Dai song - xa

nam mau xanh da trai; so cuoi tuan (thir bay) dugc in mau do.

5.500to/ky; Hang nam, deu xuat ban bao xuan in tren giay couehe 4 mau vai gan

hoi, trang 12: The giai - the thao, vai so lugng phat hanh tir 3.500t67ky len den

quy trinh cong nghe moi.

70 trang noi dung phuc vu ban dgc trong dip Tet Nguyen dan, xuat ban to bao theo

Sau 14 nam phan dau, den nay Bao Bac Lieu da co 37 CB, PV, NV: co 23

chuyen nganh Bao chi bac dai hoc, 2 cao dang, 3 trung cap. Ve trinh do chinh tri:

dai hoc (trong do co 12 Dai hgc Bao chi), dang tiep tuc dao tao 5 phong vien hoc

nhan, 6 cao cap chinh tri va 20 trung cap). Bo may to chii'c ciia Toa soan dugc

hinh thanh: Ban Bien tap, 6 phong chuc nang: phong Hanh chinh - Tri su, phong

Thu ky Toa soan, phong Xay dung Dang - Noi chinh - Kinh te, phong Ban dgc -

co 25 can bo, phong vien da qua dao tao trinh do cir nhan, cao cap, trung cap (1 cir

nhan la Chi bo "trong sach vung manh", cac doan the: Cong doan, Chi doan TNCS

Ho Chi Minh, Chi hoi Nha bao deu hoat dong tot - nhat la phat huy tinh dan chii

trong viec thuc hien nhiem vu chinh tri ciia co quan.

Hien nay, cong tac phat hanh bao den nhieu doi tugng trong va ngoai tinh.

Phat hanh trong tinh chii yeu den cac chi bo, 5 doan the a khom - ap, trong he

thong giao due, cac truang trung hgc pho thong, trung hgc chuyen nghiep va cao

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

26

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tu lieu, phong bao Dien tii'. Chi bo co 14 dang vien, nhieu nam lien dugc cong

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

dang, dai hgc, cac to chuc cong doan, chi doan thanh nien a cac ca quan, xi

quay, sap ban bao... Binh quan phat hanh moi ky 4.500 to - tang gap 3 Ian so voi

nhung nam dau Bao Bac Lieu moi dugc thanh lap.

nghiep... Ben canh do, tang cuong va ma rgng mang luoi phat hanh thong qua cac

thang 2 ky (moi ky 1.000 to) phuc vu dong bao dan toe Khmer trong tinh.

Tii' ngay 1/9/2011, khai truong dua vao hoat dong trang thong tin dien tii' Bac

Lieu Online.

Tir ngay 15/4/2007, xuat ban them Bao Bac Lieu chu' Khmer, phat hanh moi

Nam 2010, Bao Bac Lieu vinh du dugc Chii tich nuac Cong hoa xa hoi chii

Bao Bac Lieu sir dung hinh anh, mau sac, co chir, kieu chir va cac thu phap

van tu tao nen sir hap dan loi cuon doc gia. Nhung co le bao Bac Lieu co nhirng

buac tien phong, mang mot dau an ca nhan hoac phong each hinh thuc rat rieng.

Ngay nhung chi tiet co tinh chat nghe nghiep ciing co chii truang gan gui vai bao

chi quoc te, chang han nhu: trong trinh bay khong bao gia cho leo trang ngugc,

nghTa la dgc tir trang dau toi trang cuoi, tir trang so nho tai trang so Ian, tir trang

bia tai trang trong... cir theo huong tien ve phia phai (khir chi). Thoat nhin, chiing

ta cam thay chiing chi thuan tiiy la ky thuat, that ra nhung dieu ay co lien quan den

chuc nang chi bao thong tin trong xa hoi hien dai.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

27

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

nghTa Viet Nam trao tang Huan chuong Lao dong hang Ba.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

CHUONG 2. DAC DIEM CUA TU NGU BAO CHI

VA VIEC VAN DUNG TU HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

HO* OS

2.1. DAC Dl£M CUA TU NGU BAO CHJ

trong ngon ngu bao chi nguai viet chi diing cac tu ngu, vai each dien dat co tinh

chat khuon mau de phan anh cac sir viec, hien tugng, van de, ... thi thong tin kho

tranh khoi kho eirng, dan dieu, tham chi te nhat. De khac phuc cac nhugc diem

nay, cac tac gia bao chi da sir dung kha nhieu nhung thu phap tir ngir nham tang

cuong tinh bieu cam voi cac dung y khac nhau; nho do thong tin cua hg tro nen

sinh dong, hap dan, de doc va de tiep thu doi voi doc gia. Dac diem cua tir ngu bao

chi dugc nhieu nha nghien ciru nhan dinh cung khac nhau:

Bao chi

la phuang tien thong tin dai chiing. Do vay,

tir ngu dugc diing

trong phong each bao chi rat phong phii nhung truac het phai la tir ngir toan dan,

Trong bao chi chirc nang quan trgng hang dau la thong tin. Nhung neu,

Mot trong nhung dac diem gop phan khu biet phong each bao chi voi phong

each khac la phong each nay co lop tir rieng, ggi la tir ngti' bao chi.

Vi dii,: Bien tap vien, cong tac vien, ban dgc, dan nguon tin, dua tin,...

co tinh thong dung cao. Tuy nhien, a moi the loai co sir the hien khac nhau:

2067, ngay 20/3/2012, tr. 12).

* Mai ban doc, cong tdc vien gai thong tin nong den bdo Bac Lieu theo so

s6 2063, ngay

* Hang tin AFP ngay...dan nguon tin...cho biet... (Bao BL, muc tin van, so

DT: 3829598 hoac DTDD 0913 892 297 (Thong tin nong,

10/3/2012, tr. bia).

* Tuan qua, bdo Bac Lieu nhan duac tin, bai, tranh, anh, tha, tieu

pham...cua cac CTV sau: (Hop thu cong tac vien, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.

11).

O moi the loai, phong each bao chi co nhung dac diem rieng ve tir ngu. Cu

the nhu sau:

2.1.1. Tir ngir trong cac bai tin

Tir ngir trong cac bai tin, phan Ion la lap tir ngir chuyen diing trong cac hoat

dong ciia bo may Nha nuac va cac doan the ciing voi do la nhirng danh tir rieng

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

28

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

chi dia danh, nhan danh, thai gian, sir kien...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi du2:

* Ngay 8/3/2012, Doan dai bieu Quoc hoi (DBQH) tinh gom ong Truang

Minh Chien, pho Bi thu Tinh iiy, Truang doan DBQH tinh; ba Vo Thi Hong Thoai,

Pho truang dodn DBQH tinh cimg cac vi DBQH tinh, dai dien Ban Dan van Tinh

uy, HDND, MTTQ, Thanh tra tinh, So TN- MT, Van phong Tinh iiy den giam sat

viec thuc hien chinh sach, phap luat trong giai quyet khieu nai, to cao cua cong

dan doi vai cac quyet dinh hanh chinh ve ddt dai tai UBND tinh giai doan 2003-

2011 (Muc TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012. tr. bia).

* Cac dong chi: Tong Bi thu Nguyen Phu Trong, Chii tich Quoc hoi Nguyen

Sinh Hitng, Thu twang Chinh phii Nguyen Tdn Dimg, Chu tich Uy ban MTTQ Viet

Nam Huynh Dam da den du va chi dao dai hoi. (Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay

* Do cuoi tuan truac dien ra vai 4 tran tir ket Cup FA ...Manchester City-

13/3/2012, tr. bia).

Chelsea; Tottenham- Stoke, Everton- Arsenal, QPR- Liverpool (rang sang ngay

22/3/2012). Rieng tran Aston Villa- Bolton bi hoan. (Muc TTTS, so 2067, ngay

2.1.2. Tir ngii' trong cac bai phong van, phong su

Tu ngu trong cac bai phong van, phong sir thi thuang la nhirng tii' ngu

chuyen diing trong trong lmh vuc dugc tien hanh phong van hay phong sir va diing

nhieu nhung tii' ngu mieu ta sir kien, hinh anh dia phuong, nhan vat...

Tir ngir dugc sir dung trong cac bai phong van, phong su moi the hien dugc

mang hien thuc trong mieu ta, tuong thuat dugc cu the, phai can ke toi tirng chi

tiet nho. Co nhu vay, nguai dgc, nguai nghe mai cam giac minh la nguai trong

cuoc, dang true tiep dugc chiing kien nhung gi nha bao noi toi trong tac pham.

Vidu3:

Doan trich sau day: ciia nha bao Tuan Anh la mot minh chirng:

"... Vao liic nay toi lai nha cai thang thanh nien ciia bon nam ve truac. Luc

20/3/2012, tr. 11).

ay, toi duac chi dodn co- quan phan cong chien di ve nguon lam cong tac xd hoi

cimg vai dodn khoi ca quan tinh.

... Horn ay, dodn chung toi chia lam nhieu nhom

dam nhan nhirng cong viec khdc nhau: cat nha tinh thuang, dap 16 ddt den, lam

cau nong thon, phdt quang hui ram. Ngay horn do, toi da di tir bdt ngai nay den

bdt ngai khdc. Dieu khien toi thdn phuc nhat chinh la su tdn tdm va long nhiet

huyet ciia cac ban thanh nien tinh nguyen.

... " ( Bao BL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012,

tr. 5).

GVHD: Nguyen Van No

29

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

My ,a m6t buc tranh chan thuc,7inh dong da tao dung nha su mieu ta mot loat hanh dong, cac cam giac cu the cua tac gia. Khi doc doan van tren, doc gia thay minh cung nhu dang trai qua thang thanh nien day tu hao va ve vang ay. Va day chinh la su khoi nguon cho nhung niem cam xiic trao dang.

Vi dut:

Day la bai phong van Ong Mai Van Hiep, Cue pho Cue Thu ycua bao Bac

Lieu so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 10.

PV: Co thong tin cho ring vdc- xin tiem phong cum hien nay khong hieu

qua! Vay, thong tin nay co chinh xac khong?

Ong Mai Van Hiep: "Qua nghien cuu cua cac chuyen gia trong nude va nude ngoai thi vdc- xin vdn con tdt ddi vai nhirng dan gia cam nuoi aphia nam, vdn phong ngira tot dich cum gia cam. .."

PV: Chi cue Thu y tinh cho rang, do Cue Thu y khong cdp vdc- xin nen

thiiu vdc- xin di tiem phong cho dan gia cam. Xin ong giai thich vdn de nay?

Ong Mai Van Hiep: "Cuoi nam 2011, co mot giai doan khong co vdc- xin cung cdp kip thai cho cac tinh, thanh do cac thu tuc ve nhdp khau, mua vdc- xin. Tuy nhien, thai gian do khong dai va mot sd tinh thanh vdn con vdc- xin tiem

phong. ..."

Nhung trao doi cua PV voi ong Mai Van Hiep ma chung ta vira doc trong doan phong van tren lam cho chung ta co cam giac nhu dang ciing voi ong ta noi chuyen trao d6i mot each that than mat. Tao nen cam giac gan gui, dua ban doc den chS nhu dang trong cuoc trao doi nay, chir khong con la nguai gian tiep xem

qua trang bao.

2.1.3. Tii ngu cac mau quang cao

Tir ngir cac mlu quang cao thuang la ten cac hang hoa, cac tir chi dia danh,

nhan danh va cac tinh tir chi pham chat.

Vi du5:

"Trung tdm dich vu ban ddu gia tai san tinh thong bdo ban dau gia nhu sau: QSDD cua... dien tich... gia khai diem muon biit them chi tiit, hen he... " (Bao BL, muc thong tin quang cao, so 2055, ngay 21/2/2012, tr. 11).

Vi du6:

Chieu ngay 24/2/2012, Rpnh vien Da khoa Bac Lieu da to chuc khdnh thanh va dua khoa Ung bim vao boat dong chinh thirc. (Muc TTTS, s6 2057, ngay

25/2/2012, tr. bia).

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

30

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

2.1.4. Tu ngu ket hop giua yeu to thuan Viet va Han Viet

Mot trong nhung hien tugng noi bat ciia phong each bao chi ve mat tir ngu1

la vice di tim nhirng each ket hgp moi, each ket hgp giua yeu to thuan Viet va Han

Viet.

Vi du7:

"Benh nhan" tir Han Viet quen thuoc co nghTa thuan Viet la nguai benh ->

Benh ban giay, benh quan lieu, benh pham...

Vi du8:

Tir "tac" tii' Han Viet quen thuoc -> tin tac, torn tac, dinh tac,...

Vi duy:

Tir "hoa" la tir Han Viet quen thuoc -> nhua hoa, torn hoa, be long hoa,

ngot hoa, do thi hoa...

De cho viec thong tin va tiep nhan thong tin dugc nhanh, ggn, cluing ta thay

xuat hien rat nhieu nhirng each noi tat, viet tat. Tao cho thong tin them chinh xac,

nguai tiep nhan de dang.

Vi dii|0:

WHO, CBNV, WTO, MC, PV, VAC,...

Tir ngu van ban bao chi thuang diing co mau sac bieu cam- cam xiic. Co xu

huong di tim cai moi trong y nghTa ciia tir. Dieu nay boc 16 nhung kha nang tim

toi, phat hien nhirng nang luc tiem tang an chua trong tir hay trong nhirng ket hgp

moi me co tinh nang dong de di vao long nguai. Tinh bieu cam trong ngon ngir

bao chi gan lien voi viec sir dung cac tir ngir, loi noi moi la, giau hinh anh, in dam

dau an ca nhan, va do do sinh dong hap dan hay it nhat cung gay an tugng doi voi

doc gia.

Nguon goc ciia sir bieu cam trong ngon ngu bao chi la vo cimg phong phii

va da dang. Do co the la viec diing cac thanh ngir, tuc ngu, ca dao,...la sir vay

mugn cac hinh anh, tir ngu, each dien dat cac tac pham van hgc nghe thuat, la loi

choi chu, noi lai, diing an du .v.v...hay chi don gian chi la viec the hien su binh

gia co tinh chat ca nhan.

Neu ngon ngir bao chi khong co tinh bieu cam, nhung thong tin kho khan,

kho co the dugc cong chiing tiep nhan nhu mong muon, vi chiing moi chi tac dong

vao ly tri ciia ho. Chinh tinh bieu cam la hien than ciia cai hay, cai hap dan moi la

nhan to tac dong manh me vao tam hon ciia nguai nghe, nguai dgc, lam cho ho dat

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

31

SVTH: Le Van Hieii

2.1.5. Tii- ngir viet tat, each noi tat

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

tai mot trang thai tam ly cam xiic nhat dinh, de roi tir do thirc hien nhirng hanh

Vi du11:

"... Va hang trieu nguai me nguai va da vuat qua moi gian kho, hy sinh

dong ma nguai viet van cho dgi.

gdc lai tinh rieng vi nghia Ian, dong vien chong con len duang chien dau "Quyet

tu cho to quoc quyet sinh "; con ho a lai hdu phuang dam dang viec nuac, can

dang viec nha, vung da ben gan vira san xudt vira chien dau... " (Bao BL, muc

PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 3).

Nhung dac diem von co ciia tii' ngu bao chi, tao nen cho bao Bac Lieu mot

dien mao moi, mang phong each rieng tao tien de dua bao den gan ban dgc.

Tii' ngir trong cac tieu pham, thuang xuat hien nhung tii' ngu than mat, gan

gui, thuang dimg trong cuoc song hang ngay thuang co sac thai mia mai, cham

biem.

Vi dii|2:

2.1.6. Tii* ngu* trong cac tieu pham

"Theo Chu tich Ho Chi Minh, nhirng nguai mat benh quan lieu, benh ban

gidy khong lam duac phai thai di" (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11).

Benh quan lieu, khong phai la loai benh, nhung de cham biem mia mai

nhung vi quan "phu mau" chi biet minh quyen cao chuc trgng roi hach sach nhan

dan, khong tan tuy phuc vu nhan dan, xem nguai dan nhu co rac nhung nguai nhu

vay chi la thu bo di khong dang diing.

Chinh each the hien diing tir Han Viet vao trong ngu canh nay lam cho

doan van co cai gi do mo ho, trim tugng, vim an, vua hien... lam cho cau van co

mot gia tri truyen dat that tham sau, di vao long nguai doc vao long nguai tiep can

ma khong can nha bao phai giai thich, hay trinh bay chinh kien, quan diem ciia

minh.

Day la mot loai vii khi sac ben hien dai ciia nha bao, dimg mot cum tir de

the hien ca mot quan niem mot triet ly.

Con benh ban giay, la nhung thu benh khong la benh, ma dan gian chiing ta

tai giay to khac ma chang ra gi.

Day la each diing sau cay, chi nhung con nguai dang dan bien chat, xa roi

quan chiing.

Tuy nhien, each van dung nhu the la nghich ly nhung that co ly, khi nguai

dan dgc vao se co cai nhin moi, khac thuang vai doan van, nguai tri thuc dgc vao

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

32

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

xem la cai tat ciia nhirng vj quan chuc, lam kho nhan dan, bat lam het giay to nay

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

se phai can than han vai thir benh khong la benh nay. Nguai quan tam dgc vao thi

phai co gang tim hieu cluing, con nguoi khong quan tam van de nay cung phai diing lai ma chiem nghiem ve cuoc song hien nay.

Day la cai hay ciia nha bao chi voi each van dung ngjm ggn ma lot tran het

dugc mat trai ciia xa hoi.

2.2. VIEC VAN DUNG TU HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

2.2.1. Khai quat chung

Cac dan toe, cac quoc gia, tu xa xua, da co sir tiep xiic vai nhau, dan tai

sir giao thoa ve ngon ngir. Vi vay, vay mugn ngon ngu la mot hien tugng tat yeu

ciia bat ki ngon ngir nao, tuy so lugng co the nhieu it khac nhau.

Voi tieng Viet, do hoan canh lich sir, tieng Han la tieng co anh huong

quan trgng nhat. Sir vay mugn ngon ngu' Han a ca cap do yeu to cau tao tir, cap do

tii' va cum tir co djnh vai so lugng rat Ian.

Tuy nhien, doi vai nguai Viet chiing ta, de hieu nghTa nhieu tir Han Viet

khong phai la de. Nguyen nhan la do, tir Han Viet mang sac thai y nghTa trim

tugng, khai quat. Chinh vi the, tir Han Viet mang tinh chat tmh tai, khong sinh

dong, ggi hinh. Chiing thuang dugc dimg trong giao tiep nghi thirc.

Trong lop tir Han Viet, co nhung tir nguoi Viet noi chung, trong bao Bac

Lieu noi rieng mugn hoan toan ciia tieng Han Viet, nhung cung co nhung tir do

nguoi Viet tao ra bang cac yeu to Han Viet nhu: uy ban, dinh ki, tiep thi, tiem

nang, an sinh,...Viec xac dinh tir Han Viet nao la tir mugn nguyen khoi, tir nao la

tir do nguoi Viet, do bao chi tao ra khong phai la de.

Nhu chiing ta da biet, mot yeu to Han Viet co rat nhieu nghTa, khi di vao

tirng tir cu the, no hien thuc hoa mot (vai) nghTa. Bai vay, chiing toi chi dua vao

tirng ngir canh ciia tirng tir ma nghien ciru chir khong giai thich het cac nghTa co

dugc ciia chiing. Ngoai ra chiing toi ciing chi nghien ciru trong cac van ban (muc)

bao quan trgng ciia bao chi Bac Lieu nhu: Van ban phan anh cong luan (PACL),

van ban phan anh tin tire, thai sir (TTTS), van ban thong tin, quang cao (TTQC).

Qua thong ke sir xuat hien tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu (trong 1 thang tir

ngay 21/2/2012 den ngay 20/3/2012; tir so bao 2055 den so bao 2067, 144 to tat

ca, voi long 118 tir Han Viet trong do co 73 tir Han thuoc van ban phan anh cong

luan va 40 tir Han thuoc van ban tin tire, thai sir va 5 tir Han thuoc van ban thong

tin quang cao) cluing toi co bang sau:

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

33

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir LIan Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Bang 2.1: Bang thong ke tir Han Viet qua cac muc trong bao Bac Lieu

TU HAN VIET XUAT HIEN TREN BAO QUA CAC VAN BAN BAO

VAN BAN

PACL

TTTS

COTTONG

TTQC

73

40

5

118

Ti le %

61,86441

100

33,89831

4,2372

So lugng

(Nguon: hdo Bac Lieu nam 2012)

Qua bang thong ke cho ta thay tir Han Viet xuat hien khong dong deu qua

cac muc bao. Dieu nay, cho chiing ta nhan dinh rang: nha bao diing co chgn lgc, de

dua den cho ban dgc nhirng thong tin that bo ich va tiiy vao nhung hoan canh ITnh

vuc khac nhau thi ho moi mugn den tir Han Viet.

Van ban bao chi la kieu dien dat dugc diing trong ITnh vuc thong tin cua xa

hoi ve tat ca nhirng van de thai sir. Day la phong each thuoc hoan canh giao tiep

nghi thirc. Doi tugng ciia no la nhung nguoi

lam bao, nguoi cung cap tin tuc,

thong tin quang cao.. .noi chung, doi tugng ciia chiing kha rgng.

Bao chi, nhat la bao hang ngay, la noi dang tai cac loai tin tire, kien thirc co

tinh tong hgp va cap nhat, nen chiing hoi du tat ca cac phong each nhu: Phong

each khoa hgc, phong each chinh luan, phong each ngon ngir van chuong...Tuy

nhien, khong phai bat cir van ban nao dugc chuyen tai tren cac phuong tien truyen

thong (gom: bao, tap chi, phat thanh, truyen hinh, ...) deu la van ban thuoc phong

each bao chi. Nhung van ban sau thuoc phong each ngon ngir bao chi:

Van ban phan anh cong luan: y kien ban dgc, tra lai ban dgc, tieu pham...

Van ban cung cap tin tuc, thai sir: tin ngan, tin tong hgp, tin nhanh, phong

2.2.2. Khao sat viec van dung tu* Han Viet tren cac van ban bao chi

Van ban thong tin quang cao: thong tin, quang cao, rao vat, thong bao...

sir, phong van...

Van ban phan anh cong luan (PACL) la: khuon mau thich hgp de xay

dung lap van ban trong do the hien vai tro ciia nguai giao tiep trong ITnh vuc bao

chi, PACL (vai tro ciia nha bao, nguoi dua tin,...va ciia ban dgc).

2.2.2.1. Van ban phan anh cong luan

Dac diem ciia van ban PACL:

Tir ngir: trong sang, ro rang, siic tich, dimg nhieu dong tir, it tinh tir

(dam bao tinh sue tich ciia thong tin), mang mau sac bieu cam trung tinh, tir mang

34

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Chuc nang: Phan anh, tac dong, thuyet phuc.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

tinh nang dong, linh hoat ( bo sung tir moi vao trong kho tir vung, qua ngon ngir

ciia doi song), co sir ket hop bat ngo, sang tao.

Vi dii|2:

Cu phap: Cau thuang ngan ggn, siic tich.

"...cham soc sire khoe cho benh nhan thi nhat thiet phai van dung thanh

thuc, lam chu duac khoa hoc,... " (Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5).

Benh la 6m, nhan la nguoi; benh nhdn la nguoi bi 6m (Mien Bac), nguoi

benh (Mien Nam). Nhung khi dua tir Han (benh nhdn) vao trong ngu canh nay ta

thay nhan to benh tat it dang sg han, dong thai cho ta thay yeu to trang trgng lai

xuat hien.

Vi du13:

"... Phdt huy vai tro, tiem ndng, sire sang tao va kha ndng dong gop cao

nhat cua phu nir trong thai ki day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ddt nude

va hoi nhdp quoc te". (Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3).

Hien dai hoa la ap dung nhirng phat minh, nhung thanh tuu moi nhat ciia

khoa hoc kT thuat ngay nay (hien: bay gia, ngay nay; dai: doi; hoa: moi).

ngan gon, sue tich, de hieu ma van thuc hien dugc y do ciia tac gia.

Mat khac, khi dimg tii' Han Viet lam cho doan van mang sac thai bieu cam

duong tinh, nen no co tinh chat thanh nha, trung hoa.

Vi du]4:

Khi sir dung tir Han Viet hien dai hoa trong doan van tren lam cho cau van

"... Phdt huy vai tro, tiem ndng, sire sang tao va kha nang dong gop cao

nhat cua phu nir trong thai ki day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ddt nude

va hoi nhdp quoc te". (Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3).

cam duang tinh, co tinh chat thanh nha. Tuy nhien, khi dua cong nghiep hoa di

Cung nhu cum tir hien dai hoa, cong nghiep hoa ciing mang sac thai bieu

ngon ngu- bao chi trang trong, the hien dugc thir ngon ngir moi, cau van them sinh

dong, sac net han trong the hien.

Day co the xem nhu cum tir khuon mau co cong nghiep hoa thi se co hien

ciing hien dai hoa cho ta thay sir can xirng song doi ciia hai cum tir nay, lam cho

dai hoa. Chinh yeu nay lam cho thong tin dua den ban dgc nhanh gon hon, chuan

van ban.

GVHD: Nguyen Van No

35

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

xac han, khong lam mat thai gian cho nguoi the hien cung nhu nguoi tiep nhan

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Van ban PACL tren bao Bac Lieu gom cac chuyen muc voi tan so xuat hien

tir ngu Han Viet, dugc cluing toi sap xep tir tan so xuat hien nhieu nhat cho den it

nhat, cu the nhu sau:

(co tir ngir thuan Viet co nghia tuong duong)

Tan so

Chuyen muc

38

Bang 2.2: Bang khao sat tan so xuat hien tir Han Viet trong van ban PACL

13

Van hoa nghe thuat

9

Trang dia phuang

7

Y te- sire khoe

Chinh tri

6

4

Kinh te

Giao due thanh thieu nien

1

1

Doi song- xa hoi

An ninh- Trat tir

0

0

Van de horn nay

0

Ban dgc- phap luat

0

Doi song- phap luat

0

An ninh- quoc phong

0

Giao due hgc duang

The giai the thao

(Nguon bdo Bac Lieu 2012)

Qua bang khao sat,

thi chuyen muc "Trang dia phuang" dugc sir dung

nhieu nhat 38 Ian, it nhat la "Van de horn nay" va "Giao due thanh thieu nien" 1

Ian. Ngoai ra, con co nhung chuyen muc chua xuat hien Ian nao. Dieu nay cho

chung ta thay rang, tir Han Viet dang dan huong tai quan chiing nhan dan nhieu

hon liic truac, tuc la trinh do dan tri ciia nguoi dan ngay nay trong ca nuac noi

Qua khao sat, cho thay nha bao khong tiiy tien diing tir Han Viet, ma dung

co chon loe.

36

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

chung a Bac Lieu no rieng dang ngay cang dugc nang cao.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

2.2.2.2. Vdn ban cung cap tin tuc, thoi su'

lugng thong tin ngan

Van ban cung cap tin tuc, thai sir la van ban voi

nhat xac dinh.

ggn, co due, siic tich. La sir kien co that, da va dang xay ra a mot thai diem gan

Sir dai dong co the lam loang thong tin, anh huong den hieu qua tiep nhan

hai ben: nguoi viet, vi anh ta khong the dap ung nhu cau truyen thong nhanh

chong, kip thai cho ban dgc; con ban dgc, khong the mat nhieu thai gian cho

ciia nguoi dgc, nguoi nghe. Them vao do, no con lam ton nhieu thai gian cua ca

nhirng thong tin, vi theo hg trong cimg mot luc tiep can dugc nhieu thong tin cang

nhieu cang tot.

nhung dang loi ve ngon tir.

Dai

thi hao Nga A. P. Chekhov co mot cau noi that noi tieng, chinh xac:

Ngoai ra, sir dai dong co the dan den mac nhieu dang loi khac nhau, nhat la

"Ngan gon Id chi ciia thanh cong"

thai, dap ung dugc nhu cau dang bimg no thong tin.

Dac diem: Cung cap nhanh thong tin cho ban dgc, tao mot net mai la kip

Vi du15:

Mot so tir Han dan cir xuat hien trong ITnh vuc nay nhu:

"Nam 2011, cac cap Hoi Khuyen hoc tir cac huyen den kit hop vai cac

ngdnh co lien quan van dong chi ho tra cho hoc sinh ngheo hieu hoc... " (Muc

TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 2).

Khuyen hgc la tir Han Viet, sir dung tinh thai bieu cam duong tinh nham

thirc, luyen tap kT nang do nguoi khac truyen lai).

Vidu,6:

"...gia thu mua nguyen lieu thiiy san on dinh va cd nhieu loai thiiy san tang

khuyen khich, co vu tinh than trong viec hgc (khuyen: khuyen; hgc: thu nhan kien

cao nen ngu dan cd lai. ... " (Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. bia).

Nguoi lam nghe danh ca (ngu: danh ca; dan: nguoi song trong mot nuac

hay mot vung).

Vi dii|7:

Bieu hien sac thai trang trgng, muc thuoc trong ngon ngir bieu dat.

"Theo Chu tich Ho Chi Minh, nhirng nguai mac benh quan lieu, benh ban

gidy khong lam duac phai thai di" (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11).

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

37

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Benh quan lieu day la can benh ciia nhung vi quan bien chat, day la each phan anh cham bien, da kich ciia ngon ngu nha bao rat s3c net (benh: 6m; quan:

nguoi lam viec; Lieu: hach djch, bien chat).

Van ban TTTS tren bao Bac Lieu gom cac chuyen muc voi tan so xuat hien

tir ngir Han Viet, dugc chiing toi sap xep tii' tan so xuat hien nhieu nhat cho den it

nhat, cu the nhu sau:

Bang 2.3: Bang thong ke tan so xuat hien tir Han Viet trong van ban TTTS

(co tu ngu thuan Viet co nghia tuong duong)

Chuyen muc

Tan so

Tin tire- sir kien

41

Thai sir

19

7

Xay dung nong thon moi

0

Xay dung Dang- chinh quyen- doan the

0

Van de horn nay

0

Nhip song- do thj

(Nguon: bdo Bac Lieu 20/2)

Trong van ban TTTS chuyen muc "Tin tuc- thai sir" thi tii' Han Viet xuat

hien nhieu nhat 41/67 tii' Han Viet da khao sat.

Nguyen nhan la do chuyen muc tin tire- thai sir can nhirng thong tin kip thai

nhanh chong, phai that chinh xac. Trong khi do, tir Han Viet khi dua chiing vao

trong khuon mau thi cluing ngan ggn ma lai that chinh xac.

Cho nen, tir Han Viet khi hgi du yeu to tren ma ngon ngti' khac nhieu khi

chua hoi dii chire nang nay, nen chiing co mat nhieu han so vai cac chuyen muc

khac trong van ban TTTS.

2.2.2.3. Vdn ban thong tin, quang cao

Van ban thong tin, quang cao, cung cap cho ban doc nhirng thong tin co gia

tri tham khao, hay cac van ban quang cao ciia cac cong ty, doanh nghiep, to chuc,

ca nhan,... muon cho ban dgc biet nhung san pham, dich vu cua minh. Theo khao

sat ciia chiing toi, thi mang thong tin nay chi chiem mot so lugng nho, thong tin,

nhirng lai rat can cho ban dgc, cho nguoi tiep nhan chiing.

Vi dii|8:

"...cong chirng hieu qua nhat, theo phuang cham hoat dong "thu tuc nhanh

gon an toan dimg phap ludt". (Muc TTQC, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11).

38

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Phuang cham la tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la tu

tuong chi dao hanh dong, thuang dugc dien dat bang nhirng cau ngan ggn.

Qua vi du tren (vi du,8), cho ta thay dugc tu tuong chi dao hanh dong,

thuang dugc dien ra bang nhung cau ngan ggn, tang tinh bieu dat ciia chung, cho

ban dgc each nhin muc thuoc, sau sac han cong tac nay (phuong: huong; cham:

cai kim de huong nam).

Vi du19:

"Trung tdm dich vu ban ddu gia tai san tinh thong bdo ban dau gia cac tai

san ke bien de thi hanh an ciia Cue Thi hanh an dan sir tinh ". (Muc TTQC, so

Thi hanh an la thirc hien mot quyet dinh ciia toa an, thuc hien hanh dong da

dugc ban hanh, the hien each nhin trang trgng, cong tam (thi: thi hanh, di, hanh

dong; an: ket luan).

Vi du2o:

"C/fl khoi diem: 517.902.684 dong".

(Muc TTQC, so 2064, ngay

13/3/2012, tr. 11).

Khai diem dua ra each nhin sac thai y nghTa cu the, sinh dong, chan that

(khoi: bat dau; diem: cho).

Bang 2.4: Bang thong ke tan so xuat hien tir Han Viet trong van ban TTQC

tan so

Chuyen muc

Thong tin- quang cao

5

2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11).

(Nguon: bdo Bac Lieu 2012)

Qua sir phan tich va khao sat tren cho thay tir Han Viet va thuan Viet co sir

doi lap ve dac diem tu tir rat ro ret. Dieu quan trgng la phai biet van dung chung

trong nhung hoan canh va muc dich giao tiep cu the nham phat huy the manh ciia

Su chenh lech it hay nhieu tan so Han Viet xuat hien trong bai bao mot

phan do dung lugng ciia chiing chi phoi, phan do yeu cau ciia van ban. Mat khac,

ciing con do hoan canh va muc dich sir dung ciia chiing ma tao thanh.

Qua sir thong ke ciia chiing toi, trong 118 tir Han Viet xuat hien tren bao

Bac Lieu, co nhirng tir Han Viet xuat hien di xuat hien lai, nhieu Ian, vua xuat hien

trong PACL, lai xuat hien trong TTTS, trong TTQC, ciing xuat hien trong doan

van nay hay doan van khac va ngugc lai. Voi cac tir nhu: chuyen mon (2 Ian), du

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

39

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

cluing.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

an (2 Ian), du thdo (2 Ian), dai bieu (2 Ian), giai phdp (2 Ian), ke hogch (2 Ian), khai

dong (2 Ian), phdn khai (3 Ian), /?/w «#• (2 Ian), phuang an (2 Ian), phuang chdm

(2 Ian), quang canh (2 Ian), gwy aw<3 (2 Ian), //7?/z (2 Ian).

Vi du2i:

Bang 2.5: Bang so sanh tir Han Viet xuat hien trong cac van ban

(Giua van ban PACL voi van ban TTTS)

... Benh vien Da khoa Bac

Muc PACL, so 2058,

Lieu tro thanh mot trong

ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 10.

mat to chire

Ian ve ca so vat chat,...

Quy mo

a. Rgng Ion ve nhunu benh vien co quy mo

b. Khuon kho,

Muc TTTS, so 2057,

... thi nam nay dich xuat

each thirc

hien chii yeu tren vit, quy

mo nho le, rai rac.

ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 11.

(Nguon: hdo Bac Lieu 2012)

Hay ngugc lai:

(Giua van ban PACL voi van ban TTQC)

a.Tu tuong chi

Bang 2.5: Bang so sanh tir Han Viet xuat hien trong cac van ban

dao hanh dong

nguac vai phuang chdm,

ngay 13/3/2012, tr.ll.

... Nguoi xac dinh..., trai Muc PACL, so 2064

Phuong

chinh sach ciia dang va

cham

chinh phii. ...

theo

de

thirc

theo phuang chdm hoat ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11.

hien cho co hieu dong "thu tuc nhanh ggn

qua

an toan diing phapluat".

b. Huong phai cong chung hieu qua nhat, Muc TTQC, so 2061,

(Nguon: bdo Bac Lieu 2012)

40

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Bang 2.5: Bang so sanh tir Han Viet xuat hien trong cac van ban

(Giua van ban PACL voi van ban PACL)

Muc PACL, so 2055,

Chi cue nuoi

trong thiiy san

Hay cimg xuat hien nhu trong doan van khac nhau:

thuc

canh

cho biet nam 2012, dien tich

ngay 21/2/2012, tr. bia.

tac

nuoi

torn sii

theo mo hinh

a. Phuong

Quang

canh

Muc PACL, so 2060,

...ket hgp lam muoi,

trong

quang canh cai tien...tang.

thuc

canh

rirng, nuoi torn quang canh...

ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

han 3.200ha

tac

tang

nang xuat

b. Phuang

(Nguon: bdo Bac Lieu 2012)

ten cho bai bao ciia minh.

Vi du22-

* "Quan chire ASEAN hop trii bi cho hoi nghi cap cao " ( The giai- the thao,

Ngoai ra, trong mot so truang hop tac gia con sii dung tir Han Viet dat

so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 12).

* "Be mac Dai hoi dai bieu Phu nir toan quoc Idn thir XI [nhiem ky 2012-

2017] (Muc PACL, so 2065, ngay 15/3/2012, tr. bia).

* 'Timg kinh te trong diem" (Muc PACL, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. bia).

Han Viet vao trong ngon ngu bao chi trong nhung nam qua, bao Bac Lieu da va

Voi nhung dac diem von co ciia tir ngu bao Bac Lieu va viec van dung tir

dang khong ngirng vuon xa han so vai nhung ca so bao chi khac.

diing, chuan lam cho ban dgc tiep can nhanh han, nhung thong tin truyen di dugc

nguai huong thirc quan tam.

Mat khac, bao Bac Lieu van dung nhirng tir ngir Han Viet rat can trong.

Viec van dung va vay mugn nhirng tir ngir Han Viet chinh xac kip thai,

Viet. Tire la giu gin ban sac van hoa ciia dan toe.

Qua su phan tich a tren cho ta thay khi sir dung tir Han Viet trong ngon ngu

bao con phu thuoc vao so truang, phong each cung nhu muc dich ciia nguoi viet.

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

41

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Nhung yeu to tren gop phan lam giau tieng Viet, giu gin dugc sir trong sang tieng

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Nhung dii sir dung Han Viet hay thuan Viet thi to bao Bac Lieu cung deu gan gui

vai lai an tieng noi hang ngay ciia nguoi dan.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

42

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

CHUONG 3: NHLfNG THANH CONG VA HAN CHE CUA VIEC SU

DUNG TU HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

Tir sau nam 1986, dat nuac ta buac vao thai ki hgi nhap, ciing voi do la

nhirng co hoi giao luu quoc te dien ra thuang xuyen va rgng mo. Viec dap irng kjp

thai nhu cau phan anh va truyen tai day dii tien bo khoa hgc kT thuat, ggi ten

nhung sir vat, hien tugng nay sinh trong cuoc song lam cho bo phan tir vung tieng

Viet phat trien manh me, tao cho tieng Viet mot dien mao moi: da dien hon, hien

dai hon. Trong pham vi nay, chiing toi khong tham vgng nghien cuu tat ca nhung

xu huong tao nen sir thanh cong, trong each sir dung tir Han Viet, ma chi dung lai

trong viec phan tich va so sanh tir Han Viet dugc sir dung tren bao de chi ra nhirng

gia tri tao nen nhirng thanh cong cu the nao do, cung nhu nhung han che ciia

nhung tir Han Viet trong qua trinh van dung chiing vao trong ngon ngu' bao Bac

Lieu, thong qua mot thang bao nghien ciiu.

Nhin chung, nhung tir goc Han Viet con ton tai cho den nay trong he thong

Lieu trong giai doan nay, chiing ta se thay dugc, nhung yeu to Han Viet chiem mot

ti le khong nho. Dong thai chiing chua dung nhirng thanh cong va han che ciia no

trong viec the hien.

3.1. THANH CONG

Tac pham muon di vao long nguoi dgc, truac het phai tao nen sir rung dong

ciia hg. Do co the la su rung dong ciia khoi 6c, ciing co the la sir rung dong tir con

tim. Co dugc deu do tac pham bao chi moi thuc hien dugc nhiem vu cao ca ciia

minh: djnh hudng tu tuong, du luan xa hoi.

Chinh vi the, cho nen bao Bac Lieu da vay mugn va van dung tir Han Viet

vao tac pham bao chi cua minh, nhung trong nhirng truang hgp that can thiet, de

noi len dung y ciia tac gia ma van co dugc mot thu- ngon ngir de hieu, de nho,...

gop phan lam giau them ngon ngir Viet.

Nhin chung tir Han Viet mang sac thai bieu cam duong tinh, diing trong

giao tiep nghi thirc nen rat can cho nha bao sir dung trong tac pham ciia minh. Khi

sir dung nhirng tir Han Viet vao trong tac pham bao, da tao nen nhirng thanh cong

rat dang ke.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

43

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

tir vung tieng Viet deu dugc Viet hoa sau sac. Khao sat tir Han Viet tren bao Bac

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Thanh cong dau tien la tranh nhirng sai lam, mo* nghTa, kho hieu trong

nhirng thong tin dugc nha bao phan anh tai ban dgc.

Vi du,:

"...nam ngoai hanh lang bao luu 16 giai va hdo hru kenh... " (Muc TTQC,

so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11).

Bao luu la tir Han Viet co nghTa tuong duong la giu lai

Chiing ta khong the sir dung tii' thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duang: giu lai

Vi nhu:

"...nam ngoai hanh lang giu lai 16 giai va gin lai kenh..."

Truang hgp nay khi cluing ta sir dung, dem phan tich se co hai van de xay

ra:

Thir nhat Hanh lang giir lai

Thir hai la gift lai 16 giai

Day la hai van de gay sir map mo, kho hieu cho ban dgc, cho nguoi tiep

nhan thong tin.

Trong khi, "Bao luu" la tir Han Viet co sac thai bieu cam duong tinh dimg

trong truang hgp nay rat thanh cong. Thanh cong trong mat tiep nhan, lam cho ban

dgc cam thay ro rang van de ma thong tin cung cap.

Vi du2:

..., chu tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du vd phdt bieu chi dao

dai hoi". (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. bia).

Chiing ta khong the viet:

chii tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va noi chi dao dai hoi.

Noi la tir thuan Viet mang mau sac phong each khau ngir, khi sir dung tir thuan

Viet noi, ban dgc se cam thay mo nhat vi the ciia ong chii tich, lam mat di ve uy

nghiem ciia nguoi dai dien, dung dau mot co quan.

Trong khi do, cluing ta sir dung tir Han Viet phdt bieu se lam cho cau van

the hien sir trang trgng, nghiem tuc.

Hay chiing ta khong the dua tin:

Vi du,:

Ngay 23/2/2012, Ban chi dao nude nha phong chong dich ciim gia cam

(DCGC) to chire hoi nghj true tuyen vai 64 tinh, thanh.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

44

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Ma chi co the:

Ngay 23/2/2012, Ban chi dao quoc gia phong chong dich cum gia cam

(DCGC) to chire hoi nghi true tuyen vai 64 tinh, thanh. (Muc TTTS, so 2057,

ngay 25/2/2012, tr. bia).

Tir Han Viet "quoc gia" thay cho tir thuan Viet "nuac nha" the hien sir

trang trgng, van dung mot each te nhi, y tir, van ve han trong tac pham ciia minh.

Khi dgc, dgc gia khong phai hieu nham, hieu sai y do ciia doi tugng tao ra tac

pham bao.

Thanh cong ke tiep la: Bao Bac Lieu diing tu Han Viet trong nhirng nhom

tii' gan gui, nhung hinh anh quen thuoc voi cuoc song doi thuang.

Vi du4:

"...Hoi thao cd 4 noi dung thi: dm thuc, keo co, di xe dap chdm, nhdy bao

bo tiep sire. ..." (Muc TTTS, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11).

Tir Han VietAm thuc co tu thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la an uong

Am thuc gan gui voi cuoc song dai thuang. Day la hanh dong thuang nhat

trong cuoc song. No dien ra hoat dong ma ai trong chiing ta it nhieu thi cung phai

biet, do la hoat dong lam chin thirc an de nuoi song ca the, neu khong co hoat

dong nay con nguoi chiing ta se khong ton tai.

Vidu5:

"...doi ngu nhirng nguai mac do blu luon tu hdo khi moi nguai goi minh Id

"tir mau".

... " (Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5).

Han Viet tu mau co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la me hien. Day la

hinh anh quen thuoc vai chiing ta trong cuoc song.

Khi dgc doan trich tren chiing ta se "tri nhan" ngay hinh anh blu, mot chiec

ao mau trang, ma nguoi kham benh trong benh vien thuang mac, khi hanh nghe.

Ho chira benh cho moi nguoi, cuu nguoi bj benh thoat cai chet. Chinh hinh anh do

thuang xuat hien tro lai khi chiing ta bat gap, giup ta tri nhan lai va xem bac sT ciru

nguoi do, la nguoi me, nguoi me hien thu hai "tir mau ". Tuy nhien, khong phai cir

xuat hien hinh anh blu, chiec ao mau trang, deu dugc xem la bac sT. Cung khong

Vi du,:

phai bac si nao deu cung la "tirmau ".

"...yen binh khong chi cho "ba tanh"ma con ca cho quoc gia... " (Muc

PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7).

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

45

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi du4:

"...con "dan an" ham nghia duac yen binh trong quoc noi.

..." (Muc

PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7).

Tii' Han Viet ba tdnh va quoc noi la hai tir Han Viet rat gan gui voi cuoc

song con nguoi chiing ta.

Bd tdnh co nghTa la tram hg tire la nhirng nguai dang song tren mot cong

dong chung, gan nhau.

Quoc noi thi co nghTa la trong pham vi ciia mot nuac, trong lanh tho ciia

Tir Han Viet: Am thuc, Tir man, Bd tdnh, Quoc noi,... la nhung tir Han khong mai,

khong mai ca trong nhan thirc ciia chiing ta. Cho nen, khi sir dung trong ngon ngu

bao chi chiing khong kho trong viec tiep nhan.

Ngoai nhung thanh cong tren, bao Bac Lieu con thanh cong ca trong nghe

thuat sir dung tir Han, tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong. Tuc la, tiiy tung truang

hgp cu the, ma trong ngon ngir bao Bac Lieu van dung tir Han Viet hay tir thuan

Viet a dang nao vao trong tac pham.

Vi du6:

"...Chu tich Hoi LL1PN tinh da bdo cdo tinh hinh dai bieu phu nu tinh".

mot quoc gia.

Vi du7:

" ..., chu tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va phdt bieu chi dao

(Muc TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11).

dai hoi". (Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. bia).

Vi dux:

"Thac si Nguyen Trung Hieu, pho phong NN&PTNT huyen Hong Dan, noi:

"Den thai diem nay, chung toi khong the nam duac luang lua tdn dong trong dan

khoang bao nhieu, nhung biet chdc con rat nhieu". (Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay

25/2/2012, tr. 4).

Ciing chung muc dich la trinh bay y kien, trinh bay quan diem ciia minh

nhu trong ba truang hgp tren lai sir dung tir thuan Viet hay tir Han Viet khac nhau

trong nhirng tinh huong khac nhau.

Cach sir dung nhu the cho thay sir thanh cong trong the hien ngon ngir ciia

minh rat da dang phong phii chir khong phai ngheo nan.

Tir Han Viet bdo cao, phdt bieu the hien sir trang trgng, muc thuoc trong

phong each the hien. Nhung trong hai truang hgp nay bdo cdo khong the thay the

cho phdt bieu va ngugc lai.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

46

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi nhu:

".. .Chii tjch Hgi LHPN tinh da phdt bieu tinh hinh dai bieu phu nu tinh".

"..., chii tich UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du va bdo cdo chi dao

dai hgi".

Trong hai truang hgp tren cluing da dimg sai phong each dien dat neu thay

doi nhu the. Dieu do cho thay bao Bac Lieu van dung tir Han Viet ciing nhu thuan

Viet trong ngon ngu bao chi ciia minh rat chinh xac.

Tuy nhien, ciing la phong each giao tiep nghi thirc nhung cluing ciing

khong the thay the cho nhau.

Bao Bac Lieu tuy it tao ra tir mai nhung dung tii' Han Viet rat chinh xac

trong moi truang hgp, tao nen cai hay, ro rang trong each the hien ngon ngir.

Con doi voi vi du8 la mot doan trao doi true tiep, nen chiing ta khong the

dimg tir Han Viet bdo cdo, hay phdt bieu ma chi co the dimg tii' thuan Viet la noi.

Tii' thuan Viet noi cho ta thay sir gan gui, gian di khong cau ki, lam cho ban

Tir thuan Viet noi cho ta thay cai thai do diing muc ciia nguoi phat ngon, sir

dgc cam thay rat de hieu.

Thanh cong bao Bac Lieu con the hien trong sir ke thiia, phat huy vai tro

ket hgp thuan Viet voi tii' ngir Han Viet.

Nhu chiing ta da biet, trong tieng Viet von ton tai mot so yeu to tao tir nhu:

khuyen, hoa, benh, bat, lam, luu,...dugc vay mugn tir titMig Han. Day dugc coi la

nhirng yeu to co so. Nhirng yeu to nay cung chinh la cac yeu to da dugc sir dung

chinh xac ciia nguoi sir dung.

Vi dik,:

Lam: rirng -> lam phan, lam vien, lam tac.

Khuyen: khuyen Ian -> khuyen khich, khuyen cao, khuyen ngu, khuyen

hoc.

Benh: 6m -> benh quan lieu, benh ban giay, benh tham nhung

Hoa: -> cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, da dang hoa

Tuy nhien khi dugc vay mugn vao tieng Viet, nhieu truang hgp da bien doi

de cau tao nen cac tir ghep Han.

tro thanh nhung yeu to co kha nang hoat dong doc lap trong tieng Viet. Muon hinh

yeu to khac dimg truac hoac sau de tao ra hang loat tir ngir, dua vao moi quan he

lien tuong.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

47

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

thanh tir ngir moi nguoi viet phai ket hgp mot yeu to co dinh vai mot hoac nhieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Ngoai nhirng each nhu tren, cac nha bao con ke thira viec sir dung quan he ngir

nghia chinhphu trong ngon ngir bao.

Vi dii|0:

Phi + nong nghiep = phi nong nghiep

He + sinh thai

= he sinh thai

Trong do, tir Han Viet phi, he la tir chinh con ndng nghiep, sinh thai la phu.

Tir Han Viet con dugc sir dung trong bao Bac Lieu, dua vao moi quan he

ngir nghia dang lap theo phuang thirc ghep bac hai. Tire la hai tu ghep co the tiep

tuc lien ket voi nhau, nham tao ra mot dan vi tir vung mai.

Phat huy, ke thira sir thanh cong ciia each ghep nay la coi trgng nguyen tac

tiet kiem va tinh hieu suat.

Vi diii,:

"...to chuc cuoc hop tuyen duang ca si Ngoc Dai (dien vien Dodn cai

luang Cao Van Lau)... "(Muc TTTS, so 2065, ngay 15/3/2012, tr. bia).

Tuyen duang la tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghia tuong duong la neu

len cong trang dang khen nggi

> Tuyen duang <=> tuyen truyen + bieu duong.

Tuyen duang khi dugc sir dung trong ban tin tren da phat huy nguyen tac

tiet kiem va tinh hieu suat. Tuc la tiet kien thai gian tiep nhan va thai gian truyen

dat, lam cho ket qua the hien dugc nang len kha cao trong ngon ngu bao chi.

Vi dii,2:

"Dai hoi dai bieu Phu nir toan quoc Idn thir IX (nhiem ky2012-2017)...Phdt

huy vai tro, tiem ndng, sire sdng tao vd khd ndng dong gop cao nhdt ciia phu

nir... " (Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3).

Tiem ndng co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la nang luc chua dugc

khai thac.

V Tiem ndng O tiem lire + nang suat

Tiem ndng dugc sir dung trong van ban rat siic tich, khong gay ra sir nham

Vi dii|3:

Ian trong tiep nhan ciia ban dgc.

"Tong Bi thu de nghi ... doi mai phuang thuc hoat dong ". (Muc TTTS, so

2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11).

Tir Han Viet Phuang thirc khi dugc dimg trong ngu doan lam tang sir thanh

cong trong gia trj bieu dat ciia bao chi.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

48

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Day la tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la each thuc va

phuang phap noi chung.

VPhuang thirc O phuong phap + each thuc

trong ciing mot luc. Vira de ra phuang phdp vira dua ra cdch thirc de dua phuang

Qua phan tich tren cho ta thay phuang thirc da the hien dugc ca hai hanh dong

thirc do den thanh cong. Qua day cho ta thay voi each the hien nhu tren lam cho

rang, de hieu.

thong tin truyen dat ngan lai rat nhieu, ma noi dung the hien khong thieu, lai rat ro

trong viec the hien nghTa ciia tir) ket hgp vai mot yeu to tuong tu nhu vay a mot tu

ghep khac. Quan he giira hai yeu to la quan he binh dang ve mat y nghTa. Y nghTa

Nguoi ta lira chgn moi tir ghep mot yeu to (thuang la yeu to co vai tro chinh

ciia tir Han Viet do, vua ham chira lugng nghTa ciia tir dan vi cu vim mang them

La mot to bao ma doi tugng phuc vu la doc gia mgi tang lap, mgi lira tuoi,

net nghTa moi.

...do do, tieu chi pho cap, ngan ggn, de hieu, thong tin chinh xac...la het sire quan

trgng. Vi vay, ke thira viec sir dung tir ghep Han Viet la ket qua dua vao moi quan

Lieu hien nay. Cho nen, ngon ngu trong bao Bac Lieu rat ngan ggn, de hieu,...gan

he dang lap ve mat ngir nghTa cung chiem mot so lugng khong nho tren bao Bac

gui voi ban dgc, the hien vai tro la nguoi dai dien tien phong, trung thanh voi ban

dgc trong va ngoai tinh.

dan vi tir vung co chung mot yeu to ciing goc, loai bo nhirng yeu to lap, ket hgp

Cuoi ciing, voi sir ke thira khi sir dung tir Han Viet, la each ghep voi cac

de dang khoi phuc dan vi cu, cting dugc nha bao Bac Lieu sir dung vao trong bao

chi.

Vi du]4:

thanh mot tir ngu moi co cau tao chat che, co y nghTa hoan chinh nhung lai cung

"cong nghiep- tieu thu cong nghiep, thuang mai- dich vu con nho le; ket

cau ha tang yeu kern; thu nhdp binh quan dau nguai dat 6,8 trieu dong/nam".

(Muc PACL, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. 4).

r Tieu thii cong nghiep <=> tieu cong nghiep + thii cong nghiep

Tieu thii cong nghiep la cum tir Han Viet dugc dimg vao trong ngon ngu

bao chi cung cap cho ban dgc nhirng thong tin rat ngan ggn de hieu. Thay vi,

dung tir Han Viet, la each ghep vai cac dan vi tir vung da lam cho each dua tin

cluing ta phai the hien thong tin nay bang ca cum tir dai, nhung khi ke thira khi sir

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

49

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

ngan lai, tranh dugc sir mo ho nham Ian cho nguoi tiep nhan.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi dii|5:

"Den nam 2011, ti trong ndng,

lam, ngu nghiep giam con 58%, cong

nghiep, xdy dung tang len 18%, thuang mai, dich vu tang 24%". (Muc PACL,

ngay 1/3/2012, tr. 4).

Ndng, lam, ngu nghiep neu dugc diing day dii la rat dai vi day la mot khai

niem cua ba chuyen nganh, ba ITnh vuc rat khac nhau. Ndng la nong nghiep la

nganh trong liia, lam ruong,...; Ldm la lam nghiep chuyen lam rung; Ngu la ngu

nghiep la nghe danh ca, chay luoi.

>Ndng, ldm, ngu nghiep O nong nhiep + lam nghiep + ngu nghiep

Viec sir dung tir Han Viet rut ggn, dap ung nhu cau ngay cang cao ciia xa

hoi phat trien. No vira truyen tai toi da lugng thong tin mot each chinh xac, vira de

hieu, de chap nhan.

Bao Bac Lieu, trong qua trinh van dung tir Han Viet vao trong ngon ngu

bao chi, da va dang tiep thu, ke thira, phat huy dugc nhung thanh cong, dua bao

Bac Lieu len tam cao moi, sanh vai voi cac ca so bao trong khu vuc va vuon len

trong toan quoc. Xirng dang la nguai ban ciia quan chiing, nguai dai dien cho

tieng noi ciia Dang bo, Chinh quyen va nhan dan tinh Bac Lieu.

3.2. HAN CHE

Ben canh, nhung thanh cong khi sir dung tir Han Viet trong ngon ngu bao

Bac Lieu thi chiing cung chua dung nhirng mat han che.

Diing tir chua thong nhat, tir thuan Viet hay Han Viet, con lam dung tir Han

Viet trong nhung truang hgp chua that sir can thiet.

Vi diii6:

"...Hoi thao cd 4 noi dung thi: dm thuc, keo co, di xe dap chdm, nhdy bao

bo tiep sire". (Muc TTTS, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11).

Tir Han Viet dm thuc co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la an nong,

nhirng khi dua vao trang bao khong diing tir dn uong ma dimg tir dm thuc.

Doi khi, co nhung doc gia khong hieu con phai nho den su trg giiip ciia

nguoi khac cho van de nay. Trong khi, thai buoi hien nay, la thai buoi thong tin,

viec trong ciing mot luc co cang nhieu thong tin cang tot, chii' hg thuang khong co

thai gian qua lau cho mot van de nao do.

Ngoai ra, ngon ngu cac tac pham bao, phai mang dugc y nghTa ciia chiing

tai nhung doi tugng cong chiing vo ciing da dang. Ngon ngu bao phai la thii ngon

ngu toan dan, dai cluing. Ranh giai ciia cong chiing trai dai tir cai ma nguoi ta ggi

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

50

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

la sir biet chir so dang cho den viec thong thao hoan toan va co nhan thirc tieng me

de voi tat ca cac sac thai, y nghTa cua no.

Nhiem vu ciia nguoi lam bao la phai lam cho y nghTa ciia cac bai viet tro

nen de hieu tren tat ca cac cap do. Neu chi thien ve su chinh xac cua su kien thi

van con chua du, can phai co phong each trinh bay ro rang, mach lac. Lira chgn

tirng cau, tirng chu, tirng tir la het sue quan trgng.

Khi sir dung tir Han Viet trong ngon ngu bao, doi vai nha bao, thi phai viet

sao co dugc nhieu nguoi dgc, hieu, biet mgt each ro rang ...no phai danh cho

nhieu tang lop hgc tap.

Con ngugc lai, trong ngon ngu bao dimg nhung tir kho hieu se lam cho ban

doc hieu sai, hieu nham dung y dugc truyen dat, nhu the, se anh huang rat Ian.

Nguyen nhan han che nua la: ngon ngu bao diing nhieu tir Han Viet se lam

cho ban dgc, nhung nguoi it hgc khong hieu ro hoac hieu sai dung y ciia tac gia

trong mot so tu Han Viet kho. Day dugc xem la mgt han che Ian trong each the

hien tii' Han Viet trong bao Bac Lieu.

Vi dii|7:

"...Day Id loai phao rat huu dung, thao tac xu ly gon nhe,

...". (Muc

PACL, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. bia).

Khi dua tii' Han Viet hiru dung trong ngu canh nay se lam cho mot so doc

gia khong hieu, dan den la, ban dgc se hieu sai ngi dung khi truyen dat.

Chiing ta co the thay chiing bang tii' thuan Viet thi hay han:

"...Day la loai phao co ich, thao tac xu ly gon nhe, ... ".

Tir thuan Viet co ich se cho chiing nguoi tiep nhan chiing cam thay de hon,

Vi diii8:

khong gay sir cau ki, kho hieu.

"...Mire do tham canh con tdm ngay cang cao, d nhiem moi truang..."

(Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4).

Thdm canh la phuong thirc canh tac nang cao nang xuat tang san lugng

nong nghiep.

Dua noi dung cho anh ki sir dien dgc to nay thi chac rang anh ta se hieu, dii

Nhung khi dua cho mot bac nong dan dgc thi chua chac bac ay hieu tham

canh la gi, dii day la cong viec thuang ngay bac tham gia canh tac. Yeu to nay, se

lam kho bac ay trong viec tiep nhan, va lanh hoi chiing.

trong truang hgp nay khong diing ITnh vuc ciia anh ta.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

51

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Hay trong truang hgp nay cang nghiem trgng hon:

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi dii|9:

"...O day con goi Id "thu phu" cua mo hinh nuoi tdm cong nghiep..."

(Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4).

Neu diing tii' thu phii trong mo hinh nuoi torn ciia bac nong dan thi bac ay se

lac dau chao thua. Chi vi, nguyen nhan bac ay khong biet thu phii la gi, dii torn sii

doi vai bac ay co kinh nghiem lau nam.

Thu phii xa la, cao voi qua doi vai bac. Neu nhu the, thi thong tin truyen dat

ciia chiing ta lai khong hieu qua khi di vao long nguoi dgc.

Con neu lay thu phu lam so sanh thi lai sai, rat khong thuc te, khong can

xirng. Khi so sanh chiing ta thuang chgn nhirng gi can bang, ngang nhau, thi luc ay

moi co hieu qua. Thii phu co nghTa la mot thanh pho quan trgng ciia mot khu vuc,

mot vimg. Trong truang hgp nay chiing ta khong the co each the hien nhu vay, dii

do la so sanh. Mot sir so sanh ciia ciia mot thanh pho nhon nhip voi mot vung nuoi

torn dang phat trien. Thii phii qua la trim tugng, khong gan giii nhu trong phong

each khau ngu.

Vi du2o:

... Dan cu

nhu cong cat

lua bang may gat

lien hop vu truac

250.000/cong nhu nay 300.000/cong... "(Muc TTTS, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr.

4).

Don cir la tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong la neu len

mot vai viec de dan chiing.

Han che ciia tir Han Viet dan cir la qua trim tugng, khong cu the, kho hieu.

Cho nen, khi van dung tir Han Viet vao trong ngir doan nay se vo tinh lam mot s6

doc gia chua hieu het dan cu thi phai luat qua de dgc tiep nhung thong tin khac,

boi thai gian khong cho phep hg diing lai qua lau.

Cho nen trong ngon ngu bao hien nay, khong chi diing triing, diing diing,

diing hay ma con phai dimg cho that chinh xac tirng cau tirng chir. Co nhu the thi

mai mong gin giu dugc sir trong sang tieng Viet.

Nhu nha van Mark Twain co Ian nhan xet: "Sir khdc nhau giira mot tir

chinh xdc vd mot tir gdn chinh xdc ciing giong nhu Id sir khdc nhau giua tia chop

vd con dom ddm ".

Hay :

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

52

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Vi du2i -

"...con "dan an" ham nghia duac yen binh trong quoc noi.

..." (Muc

PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7).

Quoc noi la tir Han Viet dugc nha bao sir dung trong ngon ngir bao chi ciia

minh. Tuy nhien, day la tir Han Viet tuong doi mai gay han che cho nguoi tiep

nhan chiing. Trong truang hgp nay dang le ra cluing ta dimg tir thuan Viet mang

sac thai bieu cam da phong each hoac phong each khau ngu thi hay hon.

Vi nhu:

"...con "dan an" ham nghTa dugc yen binh trong cd nude. ..."

Ngoai ra, khi sir dung tir Han Viet trong ngon ngu bao chi con lam han che

nhan thirc ciia ban dgc vi nhung tir Han Viet kho, co cai gi do co kinh, trim tugng,

rat ma ho, khong sinh dong, ggi hinh nhu nhung tir thuan Viet ma chiing ta dang

Vi du22:

"... qua do gop phdn cung co, gift vftng vi the, uy tin, danh du, vd sir menh

sir dung.

cam quyen cua Dang... " (Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11).

Tir Han Viet sir menh co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duang la nhiem vu

quan trgng, coi nhu thieng lieng.

Nhung khi van dung vao trong ngon ngu bao chi dan den sir mo ho, co

kinh.

Sir dung phuang phap rut ggn tir Han Viet trong ngon ngu bao, cung la mot

han che, cho viec tiep nhan thong cua ban dgc.

Vi du2>

"Tai buoi le, cac dai bieu vd cac doi ngii can bo nganh Yte, cac y- bac si

da dn lai truyen thong 57 nam Ngay Thay thuoc Viet Nam ". (Muc TTTS, so 2058,

ngay 28/2/2012, tr. bia).

Y- bac sT la tir Han Viet neu phan tich cu the chiing ra thi phai la:

Y- bac sT O y sT + bac sT

Ysi, bac silk hai tir chi hai cap bac khac nhau ciia nguoi thay thuoc, khong

the co cai khai niem chung bao triim ca hai noi dung cimg mot luc. Khi van dung

ciing mot luc theo phuong thirc uu tien thi moi nguoi se cho la y sT Ion han bac sT

vi trong cum tir rut ggn tren thi y diing truac bac sT. Day la han che gay ra sir nham

Ian cho nguoi tiep nhan thong tin. Tuy nhien, neu xet ve mat hinh thuc, thi nhirng

tii- nay cung tuan theo mo hinh von co trong tieng Viet la tir Han khong moi va

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

53

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

mgi nguai cung da tam chap nhan chiing, nen cung khong gay kho nhieu, chi trir

nhung doc gia kho tinh.

Vi du24:

"...huy dong cac nha khoa hoc, cdc nghe nhdn, ky sir cd tay nghe gidi

tham gia cong tac dao tao nghe.

... " (Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr.

10).

Nghe nhdn cho ta thay sir mo ho, trim tugng ciia tir Han Viet.

Nghe nhdn tir Han Viet co tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong tire la due

do va tai nang ciia con nguoi noi chung, nhung khi sir dung trong truong hgp nay

thi cluing ta khong thay dire do va tai nghe dau ca, ma chi thay nghe la nghe thuat,

nhan la nguoi; tire la nguai lam nghe thuat,

Phan han che ciia bao Bac Lieu trong viec sir dung tir Han Viet khong

nhieu, nhu nhung han che neu tren cung la nhung han che chung theo xu huong

****

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

54

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

hien nay.

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

KET LUAN

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu la de tai dugc chiing toi nghien ciiu. Qua de

tai da khai quat dugc nhieu khai niem ciia nhieu tac gia noi tieng khac nhau. Cho

cluing ta dugc nhan djnh rang: tir Hdn Viet khong dan gian, neu khong chii tam

nghien ciru thi chiing ta khong sao hieu het. Tuy nhien, do la nhung tir ngir dugc

diing quen thuoc, khong co gi la xa la, ma gan gui ca trong giao tiep hang ngay ciia

cluing ta. Tii' Han Viet di vao trong cuoc song ciia chiing ta tro thanh quen thuoc,

roi co nhirng tir chiing ta lai ngo nhan chiing la thuan Viet va diing khong co sir

chon lgc chac chan.

Mat khac, la tir lau chiing ta chua that su quan tam, boi nhu cau khong doi

hoi phai hieu can ke nhirng tir Han Viet.

Qua de tai cho cluing ta thay gia tri van dung ciia chiing vao trong tac pham

bao chi thong qua phuang phap phan tich, tong hgp, so sanh... cua chiing toi.

Gia tri van dung tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu da va dang dirge nhieu

nguoi tiep nhan cho thay dugc trinh do dan tri ciia nguoi dan khong ngirng dugc

nang cao trong nhieu nam qua va huong tai nhung nam tiep theo.

Dong thai, cho ta biet dugc kha nang am hieu va van dung tir Han Viet

trong ngon ngir bao chi ciia nha bao Bac Lieu hien nay, cong voi nhung do chinh

xac ciia chiing. Ngoai ra, chiing toi con cho so sanh tir Han Viet va tir thuan Viet

co nghTa tuong duong, de co sir doi chieu giua chiing, nham rut ra nhung nhan

dinh that sir chinh xac ve gia tri van dung ciia tu Han Viet.

Ben canh nhirng mat lam dugc va chua lam dugc trong qua trinh van dung

tir Han Viet vao trong ngon ngir bao chi giiip chiing toi co nhung due ket ve thanh

cong va han che. Dong thai, co sir so sanh cai hay va chua hay giira tu Han Viet

vai tir thuan Viet co nghTa tuong duong dugc diing trong bao Bac Lieu.

Voi tieng Viet, do hoan canh lich sir, tieng Han la thii' tieng co dia vi kha

quan trgng. Vi vay, sir vay mugn ngon ngu Han dugc the hien a nhieu cap do khac

nhau. Ty le tir Han Viet ciing chiem mot khoi lugng Ion trong kho tir virng tieng

Viet. Dieu do cho thay, kha nang pho bien va ty le sir dung kha cao, nhat la trong

ngon ngir hanh chinh, bao chi va dac biet la ngon ngu nghe thuat.

Ngoai ra, tu vice xac dinh he thong tieu chi, co so phan loai, chiing toi da di

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

~55

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

sau thong ke, giai thich nghTa ciia nhirng tir Han Viet, roi so sanh voi tir thuan Viet

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

dang nghTa, nham muc dich chiing minh sir phong phii ciia he thong nay trong viec

Duong nhien, doi voi nguoi Viet hien dai, viec hieu nghTa ciia mot tir Han

Viet khong han la de dang. Dieu con kho khan hon khi nha bao sir dung chiing vao

trong tac pham ciia minh, trong khi hang ngay biet bao nhieu doc gia thuoc nhieu

tang lop thuang thirc chiing. Vi vay, doi voi chiing toi, viec thong ke, so sanh, giai

nghTa tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu la mot cong viec cap bach va doi hoi qua

van dung vao ngon ngu bao chi.

trinh lam viec nghiem tiic, co do chuan xac cao.

nhung cam nhan mang tinh cam giac den qua trinh phan tich logic va rut ra nhirng

quy luat va he thong tieu chi nhan dien ca ban. De co dugc nhung tri thirc do,

Con duang nhan thuc va nam bat he thong tir Han Viet co the bat dau tir

cluing ta can phai trang bj mot he thong ly thuyet ro rang, mach lac, giup cho mgi

Viet.

Dinh huong tiep can va tich luy tir Han Viet doi voi mgi nguai la mot trong

nguoi tu giac na g cao qua trinh tu hgc va tir phat trien ky nang sir dung tir Han

thuan Viet hien nay. Cong viec nay se gop phan nang cao chat lugng am hieu tir

Han Viet tren tam cao mai.

nhirng yeu cau can thiet ciia qua trinh keo gan khoang each tir Han Viet va tir

Tuy vay, de co the to chire tien hanh mot each khoa hgc, nguoi lam bao

can phai lira chgn nhirng ngu lieu minh hoa can thiet nhu: nhung hinh anh, ki hieu,

bao can neu bat cho mgi nguoi nhirng vi du can thiet de khac sau, ghi nha va

mau sac...Tir he thong ly thuyet ca ban va nhirng tieu chi nhan dien cu the, nha

nhan dien cluing trong ngon ngu van ban, ngon ngu cac tac pham van hgc trong

huong dan cho mgi nguoi sir dung trong nhung truang hgp giao tiep khau ngir hay

nha truang. Chinh qua trinh nay se giiip cho nguoi tiep nhan (ban dgc) co the hieu

sau sac hon nhirng noi dung trong ngon ngir bao chi ma cac tac gia nha bao da ky

nang hieu va diing diing tieng noi ciia dan toe.

De tai tu* Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu dugc tien hanh trong mot khoang

thai gian ngan va han che ve tu lieu. Ben canh do, he thong tir Han Viet dugc

thac. Ben canh do, thong qua nhung trang bao hang ngay se dan hinh thanh ky

chiing toi thong ke phan nao the hien nhirng thanh cong va han che ciia chiing

trinh khao sat, vi sir han che ve nhan thirc, trinh do nen chiing toi chua thuc sir

trong qua trinh sir dung trong ngon ngir bao chi hien nay. Tuy nhien, trong qua

khai quat het toan bo tir Han Viet xuat hien trong bao Bac Lieu, dac biet la chiing

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

56

SVTH: Le Van Hi£u

toi ciing chua thong ke that sir hoan chinh trong tai lieu da neu.

Tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu

Do do, ket qua nghien ciiu ciia luan van van chua phan anh dugc mgt each

toan dien tir Han Viet tren bao Bac Lieu va chac chan se khong tranh khoi so sot.

Chiing toi rat mong nhan dugc bo khuyet ciia quy thay, co giao trong hoi dong

cham luan van va thay giao huong dan.

Tir ket qua nghien cii'u ciia luan van, cluing toi nhan thay day van con la

manh dat trong cho nhirng ai muon tim hieu ve he thong tir ngir Han Viet va

phuang huong sir dung tir Han Viet tren bao. Nhat la viec nghien ciru qua trinh

hinh thanh cac ky nang phan tich, sir dung tir Han Viet trong giao tiep va tiep nhan

trong tac pham bao chi.

f i* f t

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

57

SVTH: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

PHU LUC

BANG THONG KE TU' HAN VIET TREN BAO BAC LIEU

(Tren cac so bao ra, tii' ngay 21/2/2012 den ngay 20/3/2012)

TT

TU'/ NGU' thuAn VIET CO

NGU' LIEU

xuAtxu'

TU' HAN VIET

NGHIA

TUONG DUONG

1

An sinh

Yen on trong

cuoc song

Muc PACL, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. 4.

Thuc hien cac chinh sach an sinh xa hoi, 10 nam huyen da van dong quy Den an dap nghTa tren ty dong,

2

Am Thuc

An uong

Muc TTTS, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11.

... Hoi thao co 4 noi dung thi: dm thuc, keo co, di xe dap cham, nhay bao bo tiep sire. ...

3

Ba tanh

Tram hg

.. .yen binh khong chi cho "bd tdnh "ma con ca cho quoc gia...

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7.

...Chii tich Hoi LHPN tinh

4

Bao cao

da bdo cdo tinh hinh dai bieu phu nir tinh

Muc TTTS, so 2063,ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11.

lam

Cho biet cong viec minh da

"...nam ngoai hanh lang bdo luu 16 Rioi va bdo luu

5

Baoluu

Giu lai

kenh..."

Muc TTQC, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

6

Be mac

Cham dirt, ket

Muc TTTS, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. bia.

thuc

58

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

... "Mot so van de cap bach ve xay dung Dang hien nay" tiep tuc lam viec phien cuoi va be mac.

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

.. .cham soc sire kheo cho

Benh Nhan

Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

Bien phap

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

Cach thuc hanh dong

Nguai benh

benh nhdn thi nhat thiet phai van dung thanh thuc, lam chii dugc khoa hgc,... ..., pham vi dieu chinh ciia luat la quy dinh ve cac bien phdp giam nhu cau sir dung thuoc la,...

Can thiet

Cap bach

Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 1

Co trach

... la trgng tam, cap bach nhat, can tap trung chi dao chat che va thuang xuyen.

Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 1

nhiem chinh trong quan ly mot viec gi

Chii quan

.. .dac biet la xir ly vi pham ve hanh chinh va ca quan chu quan giiip Chinh phii ve phong chong ma tiiy...

Chii tri

Nguoi chiu trach nhiem

chinh

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

Muc PACL,s6 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

a. Kien thuc rieng ciia mot nganh khoa hoe kT thuat

Thii' truong B6 NN&PTNT Diep Kinh Tan chii tri hoi nghi.

12

Chuyen mon

b. Gioi ve

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

mot ITnh vuc rieng

Khong chi chuyen tam voi cong tac chuyen mon, doi ngu nay con danh nhieu thai gian tap chung nghien ciru irng dung khoa hgc...

13

Chuyen tam

Tap trung tam tri mot each

Muc PACL,s6 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

ben bi

Theo co quan chuyen mon nguon nuac cho NTTS (chii yeu la torn su) yeu cau chat lugng...

59

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Khong chi chuyen tdm vai cong tac chuyen mon, doi ngii nay con danh nhieu thai gian tap chung nghien ciru irng dung khoa hgc...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

' ^

14

Nam toan

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11.

Chuyen quyen

quyen

.. .Tinh trang quan lieu chuyen quyen, doc doan. coi thuang dan; mat vai tro tien phong, guong mau, lam mat long tin ciia nhan dan;...

15

Chuyen trach

Muc PACL, so 2066,ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

Nam quyen hanh va tir quyet dinh

16

Co cau

B6 phan cac thanh phan

Can bo quan ly va moi huyen phai co 1 ca che chuyen trach ve cong tac dao tao nghe, phat trien...

Muc PACL, so 2066,ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

17

.. .tac dong tich cue den sir chuyen djch ca cau n^anh nghe. ...

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

Toan the nhirng nguoi song thanh xa hoi

... Dau tu nang cap trang thiet bi ,...nang lire giam sat tir cong dong va ling pho nhanh voi 6 dich...

18

Cong ich

Cong dong

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 11.

19

Cong tam

Long ngay thang vi viec chung

Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11.

... tham gia cac hoat dong cong ich nhu: san nen 16... Lgi ich chung

Ciru sinh

20

Ciru vdt sinh mang khoi cai chet

Muc PACL, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr.bia.

Nhan dan se giam sat va cong tdm danh sia nhirng dang vien guong mau...

21

Danh muc

Danh sach ghi theo tirng

muc

... trao tang 300 chiec phao ciru sinh cho Hoi Nghe ca tinh va chii cac phuang tien do ngang...

Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

22

Djch vu

Cong viec phuc vu

Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 4.

.. .Trong do chiu sir tac dong ciia nhieu dich vu van tai cac loai hang hoa thiet yeu...

60

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

.. .nghe dao tao tir 28 nghe theo danh muc len 60 nghe...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

a. Ban dir thao ve mgt dieu gi do

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

Du an

23

b.Dir thao, ke

.. .trien khai thuc hien du dn ke hai ben bo song TP. Bac Lieu. ...

hoach phuong an

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr.bia.

a. Soan thao

truac

..., doan the co lien quan de dong gop Du an Luat Phong chong tac hai ciia thuoc la.

hoach ciia Bo Chinh tri thuc

Muc TTTS, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr. bia.

hien...

24

Du thao

b. Ban du

thao

Cac dai bieu da nghe pho bien va thao luan, dong gop V kien vao cac du thdo: Ke

Muc TTTS, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. bia.

Chi co mot

25

thoi

Duy nhat

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 5.

.. .cho y kien dong gop cac dir thao: Nghi quyet ciia BCHDangbo...

26

Duy tri

Sang lgc giao vien khong han la Riai phap duy nhdt de nang cao chat lugng giao due. ...

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

Giu1 gin cho ton tai

.. .nhieu ho dan van con duy tri mo hinh chan nuoi gia cam nho le va gan vai nai a.

a. Nguoi thay mat cho tap the

Muc TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr.bia.

Ngay 8/3/2012, Doan dad bieu Quoc hoi ...den giam sat viec thuc hien chinh sach phap luat trong giai quyet khieu nai...

27

Dai bieu

b. Nhirng guong mat

tieu bieu dai

.. .cac dai bieu va doi n^u can bo nganh Y te, cac y bac sT da on lai truyen thong 57

Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr.bia.

nam...

dien

28

Hoi nghi cac dai bieu ciia

Dai hgi

... Doi voi bang ron cac sir kien khac ( khai cong, khanh thanh, dai hoi, hoi thi...)...

mot to chuc

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

29

De an

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 15/3/2012, tr. 11.

Y kien ve nhung cong viec

Nhan dip nay, So VH- TTva DL ciing trien khai de dn ciia UBND tinh ve "tiep tuc phat trien Doan cai luang Cao Van Lau giai doan 2012-2016."

Dua ra de

30

thao

De nghi

luan xem xet

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

Dua ra, neu

ra

31

De xuat

Chi cue Thii y tinh da de nghi phai tieu huy dan vit nay de ngan ngira...

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

pho.

...

Tra xet tim

32

Dieu tra

hoi sir that

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.bia.

... nhieu y kien da dugc de_ xuat de chan chinh tinh hinh quang cao tren dia ban thanh

Bieu hien ban

33

Dien hinh

chat mot each

ro rang

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

.. .cong an tinh da to chire ky niem 15 nam ngay truyen thong ciia luc lugng canh sat dieu tra toi pham (DTTP) ve ma tiiy.

Hien nay, nhieu doanh

34

Dieu tiet

Dieu hoa cho hgp ly, khong chenh lech va

Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 4.

... cac truang pho thong va nong dan dien hinh de ho tro thanh hat nhan tuyen truyen...

mat can doi

35

nghiep ciing da tu dieu tiet, cat giam chi phi, ...

Khoi dong nguai tap hgp lai.

Muc PACL,s6 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

Nhung nam qua, doi ngu can bo, y, bac sT tinh luon miet mai vai cong viec nghien ciiu...

36

Don cir

Muc TTTS, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 4.

Neu ra mgt vai viec de dan chiing

.. .Dan cir nhu cong cat liia bang may gat lien hgp vu truac 250.000/cong nhu nay 300.000/cong...

62

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Doi ngii

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

37

Dong nghiep

Ciing lam mot nghe

Muc PACL, so 2058,ngay 28/3/2012, tr. 11.

khong nghiem tiic tir phe binh va phe binh la bieu hien nhan each khong trung thuc voi Dang, khong that tha voi dong chi dong nghiep..

Dan vi to

38

Gia dinh

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 4.

chire ciia loai nguoi gom vg, chong, con cai

39

Giai doan

Thai ki

.. .xay dung Benh vien Da khoa Bac Lieu giai doan 2,...

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

... Trong do, co 2 ap dat chuan...2.554 ho gia dinh dat chuan van hoa (chiem 96,15%). ...

Muc PACL, so 2055,ngay 21/2/2012, tr. 4.

40

b. Cach giai quyet viec gi

Muc PACL, so 2066,ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

a. Phuong phap giai quyet van de ...cac huyen, thanh pho da dua ra mot so giai phdp de ngan chan. ... Giai phap

41

Nen tang ben duoi

Ha tang

.. .nhung dang ton tai nhieu bat cap ve ha tang vung nuoi.

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

42

Hao tam

.. .han che cong tac nay va tim ra cac giai phdp cho cac nam tiep theo.

Muc TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012,tr. 2.

Tot bung

... keu ggi sir iing ho, giiip do ciia nhirng nguoi hao tdm, doanh nghep va nhan dan de xay dung quy khuyen hgc.

43

Hien dai hoa

Muc PACL, so 2064,ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3.

Lam cho hop vai thai dai

... Phat huy vai tro, tiem nang, sire sang tao va kha nang dong gop cao nhat ciia phu ntr trong thai ki day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nuoc va hoi nhap quoc te.

44

Muc PACL, so 2058, ngay 28/3/2012, tr. 10.

Hoat dong

Van dong, chay deu

...Benh vien Da khoa huyen VTnh Lgi, huyen Hong Dan da hoan thanh dua vao hoat dong. ...

63

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

45

Ho trg

Muc PACL, so 2055, ngay 21/2/2012, tr.bia.

46

Mach mau

Huyet mach

Muc PACL, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 4.

...kenh Ca Mau Bac Lieu (tuyen kenh huyet mach quan trong cho luu thong duong thiiy ...

47

Co ich

Giiip da Ian nhau ... da dugc huong nhieu chinh sach ho tra tu cac chuong trinh ... quyet djnh 101...

a. Sap dat truac nhirng viec se lam,

Muc PACL, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr.bia. Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 11.

de thuc hien

dieu da vach

Htru dung

.. .Day la loai phao rat hftu dung, thao tac xu ly gon nhe, ... ... tim ra dugc nhung uu diem de phat huy, nhirng sai lam, yeu kem, khuyet diem de co ke hoach bien phap sua chua...

48

ra.

Ke hoach

thuc hien

Muc TTTS, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr.bia.

b. Nhirng gi vach ra va

Cac dai bieu da nghe pho bien va thao luan, dong gop y kien vao cac du thao: Ke_ hoach ciia B6 Chinh tri thuc

49

Khanh thanh

hien... ... Doi vai bang - ron cac sir kien khac ( khoi cong, khdnh thanh, dai hoi, hoi thi...)...

Muc PACL, so 2064,ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

Mimg da lam xong mot cong trinh xay dung Ian

50

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

51

Khai diem

Cho bat dau

Gia khai diem: 517.902.684 dong

Muc TTQC, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11.

La dan vi co buac kiwi dong sam nhat trong thang thanh nien,....

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 3.

a. Bat dau djch chuyen hoac lam mot viec gi

52

Khoi dong

Khoi cong Bat dau cong vice xay dung ... Doi vai bang - ron cac sir kien khac ( khai cong, khanh thanh, dai hoi, hoi thi...)...

b. Lam nhung dong tac nhe nhang

.. .giiip hg khai ... Tuy vay, dong mot tuan lam viec vai nang suat va hieu qua cao.

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3.

64

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

53

Khoi

Neu len Ian

xuang

dau tien

"... Co nhac sT Cao Van Lau la nguoi khai xuang va dai dien

Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012,tr. 6.

54

Khuyen hgc

Giiip do va dong vien hgc tap

Muc TTTS, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012,tr. 2.

Nam 2011, cac cap Hoi Khuyen hoc tir cac huyen den ket hgp voi cac nganh co lien quan van dong chi ho trg cho hgc sinh ngheo hieu hgc...

55

Muc TTQC, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 11.

Giu it nhat

56

Kiem nhiem

hai chire vu ciing mot luc

Muc PACL, so 2066,ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

Khuyen khich Thuc day va co vu, de co gang hon

Sau giai khuyen khich: Tac pham Vinh Thanh ngay moi ciia Hoai Nhat Thanh ( An Giang) ... Ben canh do, can bo kiem nhiem chuyen trach quan ly cong tac dao tao nghe con mai hoac thieu, ....

57

Kinh phi

Tien chi tieu ve mot viec gi

.. .30 giuong benh voi kinh phi dau tu tren 20 ty dong.

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

58

Muc TTQC, so 2057,ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 11.

Ket hgp thanh mgt to chuc Lien hiep

... thuc hien ke hoach ciia lien hiep Hoi VHNT tinh ve viec to chuc mot so hoat dong VHNT...

59

Luangy

Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

Thay thuoc gioi

60

Canh dep trong quan

My quan

sat

... Va ca so de thuc hien..., tao nen ve my quan cho TP. dep Bac Lieu xanh - sach

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

van minh.

61

Muc tieu

... Y te da ve len nhung gam mau sang, xiing dang voi lai Bac day "luang y " phai nhu tir mau"

... phan dau hoan thanh muc tieu cham soc bao ve sire

Cai dich phai dat tai

khoe nhan dan...

Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 11.

62

Nghi quyet

Dieu hoi nghi co quyet dinh thi hanh

Muc TTTS, so 2059,ngay 1/3/2012, tr.bia.

65

GVHD: Nguyen Van No

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

... thuc hien Nghj quyet Hoi nghi Trung uang 4 (khoa XI)...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Cach thirc

63

Nghi thirc

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3.

Chao co dau tuan la mot nghi thirc nghiem trang... long tu hao dan toe...

tien hanh diing theo nen nep quy djnh

64

Muc PACL,s6 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 5.

Xem xet tim hieu ky luang de tim each giai quyet

Nghien ciru

65

Ngu dan

Muc TTTS, so 2058,ngay 28/2/2012, tr.bia.

Nguai lam nghe danh ca

66

Nhan ai

Khong chi chuyen tam voi cong tac chuyen mon, doi ngii nay con danh nhieu thai gian tap chung nghien ciru irng dung khoa hgc...

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 11

Yeu thuang con nguai

.. .gia thu mua nguyen lieu thiiy san on dinh va co nhieu loai thiiy san tang cao nen ngu dan co lai. ... .. .tang 2 can nha nhdn di (moi can tri gia 20 trieu dong)...

Pham chat va

67

Nhan each

Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 1

tu each con nguoi

68

Nhan dan

Muc PACL, so 2063,ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 1

.. .to chuc Dang cac cap va nhan dan co the soi rgi, xem xet, danh gia, pham chat, nhdn cdch dang vien.

Dong dao nguoi dan thuoc mgi tang lop

69

Nhan loai

Loai nguoi

Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012,tr. 6.

Nhdn dan se giam sat va cong tam danh gia nhung dang vien guong mau...

.. .Don ca tai tu .. .dugc UNESCO cong nhan ...van hoa phi vat the dai dien cho nhdn loai...

,—

~.

'

70

Nhan luc

Muc TTTS, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr.bia.

.. .Nghi quyet BCH tinh ve dao tao nguon nhdn lire den nam 2015 va nhung nam tiep theo, ...

71

Dire do va tai

Nghe nhan

Muc PACL, so 2066,ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

nang cua con nguoi

.. .huy dong cac nha khoa hgc, cac nghe nhdn, ky sir co tay nghe gioi tham gia cong tac dao tao nghe. ...

72

Phat bieu

To y kien ciia minh

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012,tr.bia.

Sire nguoi lao dong

..., chii tjch UBND Viet Nam Huynh Dam da den du vhphdt bieu chi dao dai hoi.

66

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

a. Vui ve, hang hai

Muc TTTS, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr.bia.

...nang cao sire khoe cho nhan dan va da dat dugc nhirng thanh tuu dang phdn khai. Ngu dan .. .dang phdn khai vi triing miia con ruoc

Phan khoi

73

b. Co vii, khich le, vui ve, hang hai

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 2.

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3.

c. Cam thay vui suong trong long

Chi Tran Hong Chien... rat phdn khai va tap trung cao trong cac phien hgp ciia Dai hgi...

74

Pho bien

Lam cho moi nguoi deu biet

cac dai bieu da nghe pho bien va thao luan, dong gop y kien vao cac du thao...

Muc TTTS, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr.bia.

75

Muc PACL, so 2055,ngay 21/2/2012, tr.bia.

Ciing hanh dong hoat dong ho trg Ian nhau

Phoi hgp ...TP. Bac Lieu con phoi hop voi ngan hang chinh sach tinh cho dong bao dan toe Khmer ...

Ngay 12/3, Dai hoi dai bieu Phu nir toan quoc Ian thii' IX chinh thuc khai mac tai Ha

a. Nguai Ion thuoc nu giai

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012,tr.bia.

Noi.

76

Phu nir

b. Nguai Ion thuoc nir giai

Muc TTTS, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr.bia.

Nhan ky niem 102 nam Ngay Quoc te Phu nir 8/3 va 1972 nam Khoi nghTa Hai Ba Trung...

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.6.

Phong van hoa cimg de xuat mot phuang dn: So cap giay phep ve noi dung, thai gian, so lugng, bang ron

a. Du kien ve each thuc, trinh tir tien hanh cong viec

77

... ket cau ha tang xay dung cac phuang an san xuat de nang cao thu nhap va doi song...

b. Ban du kien cong viec se tien

Muc PACL, so 2065, ngay 15/3/2012, tr. 3.

hanh

67

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Phuong an

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

a.Tu tuong chi dao hanh dong

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11.

... Nguoi xac djnh..., trai nguoc voi phuang chdm, chinh sach ciia dang va chinh phii. ...

78

Muc TTQC, so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 11.

Phuong cham

b. Huang phai theo de thuc hien cho co hieu qua

79

Phuang thirc

Cach thirc va phuong phap

... doi Tong Bi thu de nghj moi phuong thirc hoat dong.

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 11.

cong chiing hieu qua nhat, theo phuang chdm hoat dong "thii tuc nhanh ggn an toan diing phapluat".

Muc PACL, so 2055, ngay 21/2/2012, tr.bia.

a. Phuang thirc canh tac

Chi cue nuoi trong thiiy san cho biet nam 2012, dien tich nuoi torn su theo mo hinh quang canh cai tien.. .tang.

80

Quang canh

...ket hgp lam muoi, trong rirng, nuoi torn quang canh... hon 3.200ha

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

xuat

81

Quan chiing

Muc PACL, so 2058, ngay 28/3/2012, tr. 11.

b. Phuang thirc canh tac tang nang

Nhirng nguoi dan binh thuang trong xa hoi

...Mot cuoc kiem tra...to cao ciia dang vien, quan chiing, nhung khi kiem tra.. .khong xir ly triet de...

81

Nuoc nha

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

Ngay 23/2/2012, Ban chi dao quoc gia phong chong djch ciim gia cam (DCGC) to chire hoi nghj true tuyen voi 64 tinh, thanh...

...con "dan an" ham nghTa duac yen binh trong quoc

82

Quoc gia

noi. ...

Quoc noi

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7.

Thuoc pham vi trong nuoc

Quy djnh

83

Djnh ra de thuc hien

theo

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.bia.

68

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

..., pham vi dieu chinh ciia luat la quy dinh ve cac bien phap giam nhu cau sir dung thuoc la,...

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

a. Rgng Ion

ve mat to

Muc PACL, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 10.

chire

... Benh vien Da khoa Bac Lieu tra thanh mot trong nhung benh vien co quy md Ion ve ca so vat chat,...

84

Quy mo

b. Khuon kho,each thuc

... thi nam nay djch xuat hien chu yeu tren vit, quy md nho le, rai rac.

Muc TTTS, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 11.

85

Quy trinh

Trinh tir phai tuan theo

Muc PACL, so 2055, ngay 21/2/2012, tr.bia.

.. .nong dan thuc hien khong diing quy trinh ky thuat, dan den gay kho khan trong quan ly moi truong.

86

So ket

Ket luan buac

dau

... Hoi nghi sa ket hai nam thuc hien cong tac nghe...

Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 10.

87

So tham

Xet xir vu an

Ian thii' nhat

Chieu 29/2/2012, tham phan Duong Minh Thang Chii tich phi en toa xet xir sa thdm

Muc TTTS, so 2059, ngay 1/3/2012, tr, bia.

vu an hinh sir...

Nhiem vu quan trgng,

88

Sii menh

Muc PACL, so 2063,ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11.

coi nhu thieng lieng

... qua do gop phan ciing co, giu' vung vj the, uy tin, danh du,va sir menh cam quyen ciia Dang...

89

Slit kem va

Suy thoai

Muc PACL, so 2063,ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11.

thut liii

.. .van con khong nho mot bo phan can bo,.. .co nhieu bieu hien suy thodi nghiem trgng ve tu tuong...

90

Tham canh

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

... Mire do thdm canh con torn ngay cang cao, 6 nhiem moi truong...

91

Thanh tuu

Muc TTTS, so 2058,ngay 28/2/2012, tr.bia.

.. .nang cao sire kheo cho nhan dan va da dat dugc nhung thanh tuu dang phan khoi. ...

Ket qua tot dep da dat toi

69

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Phuong thuc canh tac nang cao nang xuat tang san lugng nong nghiep

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

Xem xet

Muc PACL,

92

Tham djn

de xac djnh

so 2061, ngay 6/3/2012, tr. 3.

.. .nhieu thanh tich dang phai qua sir thdm dinh chac chan ciia Hoi dong Khoa hgc ca sa lai dugc xet mgt each de dang.

93

That thu

Thu khong dat muc

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

94

Bac Lieu co gan 50% dien tich nuoi torn su that bai, that thu hang tram tv dong...

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr.bia.

Tien hanh xay dung mot cong trinh

95

Thiet yeu

Muc TTTS, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr. 4.

Rat can thiet khong the thieu dugc

.. .Trong do, chju sir tac dong ciia nhieu nhat la djch vu van tai va cac loai hang hoa thiet yeu...

96

Thieu so

Thi cong .. .giai phong mat bang va thi cong xay dung chua dap irng yeu cau ciia tien do thuc hien...

So it nguoi

..., Quyet djnh 74 (ho trg true tiep cho dan toe thieu so)...

Muc PACL, so 2055, ngay 21/2/2012, tr.bia.

97

Thu hoach

Gat hai dugc

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr. 11.

liia nen nhieu ho dan tai dan gia cam. ...

Thanh pho quan trgng

98

ciia mot khu

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 4.

Thii phii

Hien nay cac dja phuong da va dang thu hoach cac tra

.. .0 day con ggi la "thu pint" ciia mo hinh nuoi torn cong nghiep...

vuc, mot

vung

99

Nang lire chua dugc khai thac

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 3.

100

Tien phong

Q vj tri di dau

Muc PACL, so 2063, ngay 10/3/2012, tr. 11.

Tiem nang

Dai hoi dai bieu Phu nir toan quoc Ian thir IX (nhiem ky 2012-2017)...Phathuyvai tro, tiem ndng, sire sang tao va kha nang dong gop cao nhat ciia phu nu... .. .Thai gian qua, Dang ta ban hanh kha... vai tro tien phong, guong mau ciia doi ngii dang vien. ...

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

70

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

III

(cid:127)!(cid:127)

(cid:127)!

101

Tien do

(cid:127) (cid:127) (cid:127)

.. .giai phong mat bang va thi cong xay dung chua dap ling yeu cau ciia tien do thuc

Muc PACL, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr.bia

hien...

102

Tieu chi

Muc PACL, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr. 2.

Muc tieu trong y chi phan dau

... Truong dang hoan thanh cac tieu chi de sam duac cong nhan la truang dat chuan quoc gia. ...

103

Tinh nhan

Long yeu nhau giira con nguoi

Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr. 7.

Nhjp do tien hanh cong viec

.. .doi voi cac ngay le tinh nhdn, ngay sinh nhat, ngay kT niem,... van chua co bai nao dat gia thuan Viet...

104

Sir con hoac

Ton vong

Muc PACL, so 2058, ngay 28/3/2012, tr. 11.

mat

... la thach thuc doi voi vai tro lanh dao ciia Dang va sir ton vong ciia che do. ...

105

Trien khai

Phat trien

Muc TTTS, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr.bia.

rgng ra

2012...

106

Triet xoa

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.bia

.. .tong ket cong tac thi dua khen thuang nam 2011 va trien khai ke hoach nam

CSDTTP ve ma tiiy da dieu tra kham pha, triet xda 509 diem va tu diem tang tru, van chuyen...

107

Triet pha

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.bia.

Kien quyet khong cho ton tai

Danh tan, pha sach khong cho ton tai

Trong do da xac lap triet pha 11 chuyen an, bat gitr 108 doi tugng ...

108

Rat quan trgng va can

Trgng yeu

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 2.

thiet

.. .tap trung vao cac ITnh vuc trong yen nhu: an toan giao thong, giao thong nong thon...

Chuan bj

Muc TTTS, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 2

109

truac

Trii bj

.. .se dien ra phien tru bi thong qua noi dung lam viec ciia dai hoi thong qua du thao cac van kien dai hoi...

71

GVHD: Nguyen Van No

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

Tir Hdn Viet tren bdo Bac Lieu

'

"

"

110

Muc TTTS, so 2065,ngay 15/3/2012, tr.bia.

trang dang khen nggi

Tuyen duong Neu len cong

.. .to chiic cuoc hop tuyen duang ca sT Ngoc Doi (dien vien Doan cai luang Cao Van Lau)...

111

Tir mau

Me hien

Muc PACL, so 2057, ngay 25/2/2012, tr.5.

112

U'u tii

Co nang lire va pham chat tot dep

.. .doi ngu nhung nguoi mac ao blu luon tir hao khi mgi nguoi goi minh la "tir man".

Muc PACL, so 2058, ngay 28/2/2012, tr. 11.

113

Van tai

Chuyen tro

Muc PACL, so 2066, ngay 17/3/2012, tr.4.

.. .tang danh hieu Thay thuoc uu tu do Chii tich nuoc phong tang...

114

Vien chire

Nguoi lam viec cho cac

Trong do, chju sir tac dong nhieu nhat la dich vu vdn tdi va cac loai hang hoa thiet yeu...

co quan

Muc TTTS, so 2056, ngay 23/2/2012, tr.ll.

115

Vinh danh

Neu ten danh

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 3.

dir

... lao dong sang tao trong can bo cong chire, vien chire;

.. .cac y tuong sang kien trong TN va nhung ca nhan xuat sac se duac vinh danh.

116

Vu phu

Nguoi dan ong danh phu nir

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 7.

117

Lap nen tren co' so vung

Xac lap

chac

Muc TTTS, so 2064, ngay 13/3/2012, tr.bia.

Trong do da xdc lap triet pha 11 chuyen an, bat giu 108 doi tugng ...

118

Xiic tien

Muc PACL, so 2060, ngay 3/3/2012, tr. 3.

"... cai thir chong vuphu nhu vay gap tui, tui bo lau roi..."

.. .cung dugc quan tam xuc tien voi nhieu bien phap ho trg de nguoi lao dong co viec lam...

Thuc day de mau di den thanh cong

(Nguon: Bdo Bac Lieu 2012)

72

SVHT: Le Van Hieu

GVHD: Nguyen Van Na

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Hoang Anh (2003). Mot so vdn de ve sir dung ngon tir tren bdo chi. Nxb

Lao Dong Ha Noi.

2. Nguyen Van Bao (2000). Ma rong von tir Lfdn Viet trong nhd truang.

Nxb GD Ha Noi.

3. Nguyen Van Bao (2008). Tir vd ngft Hdn VJet. Nxb Van hgc Ha Ngi.

4. Nguyen Tai Can (2004). Nguon goc vd qua trinh hinh thanh each doc

Hdn Viet. Nxb DHQG Ha Noi.

5. Nguyen Due Dan (2007). Ngon ngft bdo chi nhirng vdn de ca ban. Nxb

GD.

6. Do Nguyen Duong (2005). Tir dien Hdn Viet pho thong. Nxb Khoa Hgc

Xa Hgi.

7. Dang My Hanh (2007). Ngir hoc tre 2007. Nxb DHSP.

8. An Chi (2008). Hoi thao Giao Due ngon ngir tai Viet Nam. Thanh pho

Ho Chi Minh.

9. Nguyen Thien Giap (1998). Tir vung hoc tieng Viet. Nxb GD Ha Noi.

10. Nguyen Van Khang (2011). He thong kien thirc tieng Viet trong nhd

truang. Nxb Giao Due Viet Nam.

11. Pham Van Khoai (2001). Mot so vdn de chir Hdn the ky XX. Nxb

DHQG Ha Noi.

12. Le Dinh Khan (2002). Tir vung goc Hdn trong tieng Viet. Nxb. DHQG

TP. Ho Chi Minh.

13. Dinh Trgng Lac (1997). Phong cdch tieng Viet hoc. Nxb Giao Due Ha

Noi.

14. Nguyen Van No (1988). Doi dieu mong muon ve tieng Viet tren bao

van nghe, Tap chi Ngon ngft vd Dai song (10), tr. 11 - 14.

15. Nguyen Van No (2012). Phong each hoc tieng Viet. Nxb Dai hgc Can

Tho.

16. Nguyen Nggc Quang, Huynh Chuong Hung. Tir Hdn Viet vai viec

giang day van hoc vd tieng Viet trong nhd truang pho thong. Chuyen de

BDTX chu ki III, Truong Dai hgc Quy Nhan.

17. Trjnh Sam (2008). Dac diem ngon ngft bdo chi nhin tir hoat dong bdo

chi a Thanh Pho Ho Chi Minh. KT yeu hgi thao Giao Due ngon ngir tai Viet Nam.

Hoi ngon ngir hgc Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh.

18. Dang Diic Sieu (2006). Day vd hoc tir Hdn Viet a truang Pho thong.

Nxb Giao due.

19. Bui Dire Tjnh (2003). Van pham Viet Nam (Gian di vd thuc dung). Nxb

Khai tri.

Viet Nam- So GDDT Thira Thien Hue.

20. Pham Anh Tii, Chu Bich Thu (2005). Ngir hoc tre. Hoi ngon ngir hgc

21. Nguyen Nhu Y (chii bien) (1999). Tir dien gidi thich thudt ngft ngon

ngft hoc. Nxb GD Ha Noi.

DfilHOCVOTftt/dNGTOfiN

xi