Nhận thức của nông dân về quy định xử lý bao gói thuốc bảo vệ thực vật sau sử dụng nhằm bảo vệ môi trường và sức khỏe tại xã Đại Thanh, thành phố Hà Nội, năm 2025

The increasing use of pesticides in agricultural production poses a significant environmental and public health challenge, particularly concerning the disposal of used pesticide packages. Improper handling of these packages, which often contain harmful residues, leads to widespread contamination of soil, water sources, and air, directly impacting human and ecological health. Despite existing national and international guidelines promoting safe disposal practices, many developing regions still struggle with their effective implementation. This study addresses this critical issue by investigating farmers' awareness and practices regarding the disposal of used pesticide packages in Dai Thanh Commune, Hanoi City, aiming to provide essential insights for enhancing environmental protection and community health in agricultural areas.

Public health researchers, environmental policymakers, agricultural extension workers, and local authorities in agricultural regions.

This cross-sectional study investigated the awareness and practices of 200 farmers aged 18 and above in Dai Thanh Commune, Hanoi City, regarding the disposal of used pesticide packages in 2025. The research aimed to assess the extent to which farmers understood and adhered to regulations crucial for environmental and health protection. Findings revealed a high level of awareness regarding the necessity of collecting used pesticide packages and returning them to designated containers, with 85.0% of respondents recognizing this requirement. Furthermore, 69.5% knew containers needed specific labeling, and 30.5% were aware of hazard warning symbols. In terms of practice, 65.0% of farmers correctly disposed of used packages in centralized collection containers as stipulated by regulations. However, the study also identified persistent inappropriate practices: 9.0% of farmers still discarded packages directly into the environment, including fields, rivers, and canals, while 2.5% burned them, 1.5% mixed them with household waste, and 1.0% buried them freely. These findings highlight that despite a generally good understanding and practice of proper disposal methods, a notable minority continues to engage in hazardous practices. The presence of residual pesticides in improperly discarded packaging poses serious risks of contaminating soil, water, and air, impacting both ecosystems and human health. The study concludes that while many regulatory aspects are understood, there is an urgent need for local authorities to intensify communication, guidance, supervision, and inspection efforts. Such interventions are vital to enforce environmental protection regulations effectively and safeguard community health in agricultural areas.