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PREAMBLE
1. The urgency of the subject
Along with Vietnam’s tourism development, Haiphong tourism has thrived and
become one of the current country’s tourism hubs. Haiphong is one of the 3 poles of the North’s
economic growth triangle which has great potentials for tourism development. The city has
advantages in various and diversified natural resources, such as Do Son and Cat Ba sea resorts,
which have a wide range of precious marine species and beautiful beaches, and Cat Ba national
park- the world biosphere reserve. With these advantages, Haiphong tourism soon developed
and was selected as an important strategy for the city’s social- economic development. The
constant year- on- year rise in the number of local and international tourists has promoted the
development of tourist accommodation businesses with various and special services,
contributing to diversifying the city’s tourist accommodation services.
However, the robust development of tourist accommodation business activities has
revealed shortcomings. This leads to the fact that tourist accommodation business system and
the state management has not paid due care to the control of quality and amount. The planning
for investment and development of tourist accommodation businesses is not really effective; the
city’s management over tourist accommodation services still reveals many inadequacies. The
collaboration among state management agencies of tourism such as the city’s Department of
Tourism, Vietnam General Department of Tourism and the city’s authority is not tight and
unanimous. The city’s system of policies and regulations for tourist accommodation business
management is not inadequate and lack of control. In which, the state management of tourist
accommodation business activities has only paid attention to high-ranking establishments, low
ranking tourist accommodation businesses have not received due attention. The quality of
tourism human resources is still limited, particularly foreign language skills. International
cooperation and tourism promotion have not proved effective. Functional sectors and branches
have not conducted regular inspections over the operation of tourist accommodation businesses;
several tourist accommodation establishments do not have good quality. This has affected the
prestige as well as general development of the tourism sector.
In addition, in the process of reviewing international and local researches which relate to
the thesis topic, most of the researches concentrated on several issues, such as systematizing basic
theoretical issues on hotel business; accommodation business, developing sustainably tourist
accommodation business in the Northern tourist sites, raising the competitiveness of Vietnamese
hotels... However, till now, there has been no specific and systematic research on tourist
accommodation business in Haiphong which was completed from the perspective of central and
local state management agencies. This requires an in-depth study to clarify the research
questions related to the subject of the thesis.
From this analysis, the study of “ the state management of tourist accommodation
business in Haiphong” is practical and essential. It not only has practical significance, but also
supplements the theoretical issues on the state management of tourist accommodation business
activities at provincial level in the current period.
2. Research targets and tasks of the thesis:
Research targets:
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Propose solutions to perfect state management of tourist accommodation business in
Haiphong, contribute to improving the effectiveness of tourist accommodation business,
developing Haiphong tourism.
Research tasks:
To achieve research goals, the thesis concentrates on fulfilling the following specific
tasks:
- Systematize the theoretical and factual basis on the state management of tourist
accommodation business at local level.
- Analyze, assess status quo of the state management of tourist accommodation
business in Haiphong, then point out advantages, shortcomings and causes of this condition.
- propose several solutions and petitions to perfect the state management of tourist
accommodation business in Haiphong.
3. Subjects and scope of the thesis research:
Research subjects:
Subjects of the thesis research are theoretical and practical issues on state management
of tourist accommodation business in a locality.
Scope of Research:
Content: The thesis mainly focuses on studying the state management conducted by
provincial authority, contents and factors affecting the state management of tourist
accommodation business activities. In details: The thesis studied the state management in
general over the tourist accommodation business of provincial authority, including: local state
management agency ( the People’s Committee of Haiphong); the state management agencies of
Haiphong tourism ( Haiphong Department of Tourism, Haiphong center for Tourism, Trade and
Investment promotion...), relevant agencies ( Haiphong Department of Investment and
Planning, Haiphong Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Haiphong Public
security, Haiphong department of fire fighting and prevention, Haiphong Department of
Construction, the city’s planning institute, Haiphong department of Health, Haiphong
Department of Labor, invalids and social affairs...The thesis focused on in-depth study of the
state management of tourist accommodation business at local level ( Haiphong Department of
Tourism).
Place: the thesis concentrated on researching the city of Haiphong.
Time: Data of practical research in the thesis mainly focused on period 2012-2017;
solutions for period from now to 2020 and vision to 2030.
4. New contributions of the thesis:
New contributions in theory:
- Systematize scientific theoretical arguments in the state management of tourist
accommodation business at provincial level.
- Summarize and draw the concept of tourist accommodation business, the state
management of tourist accommodation business activities to agree on the rationale throughout
the thesis research.
- To give an overall evaluation of studied issues, the thesis has studied the contents,
factors affecting the state management of tourist accommodation business activities in a
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locality.
New practical contributions:
- Study the state management experience of tourist accommodation business in some
provinces and cities in and outside Vietnam, then draw experience for the state management of
tourist accommodation business in Haiphong.
- Evaluate and clarify the condition of the state management of tourist accommodation
business in Haiphong basing on the analysis of contents of state management of tourist
accommodation business, find out causes of the limitations in the state management of tourist
accommodation business in Haiphong.
- Discover factors affecting the state management of tourist accommodation business ,
then find out and evaluate advantages, limitations and factors affecting the state management of
tourist accommodation business in Haiphong.
- Study, propose temporary and strategic solutions to develop tourist accommodation
business in Haiphong; suggest measures to perfect the state management in order to make
tourist accommodation business activities in Haiphong highly effective in the coming time,
deserving the city’s tourism potentials.
5. Structure of the thesis content:
Besides opening and conclusion, the thesis is divided into 4 chapters:
Chapter 1. General view of the research and research methods of the thesis
Chapter 2. Practical and theoretical basis of the state management of tourist
accommodation business in a province.
Chapter 3. The condition of state management of tourist accommodation business in
Haiphong
Chapter 4. Solutions and petitions to perfect the state management of tourist
accommodation business in Haiphong
Chapter 1
GENERAL VIEW OF RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY OF THE THESIS
1.1. Overview of researches related to the thesis topic
1.1.1. Researches of tourist accommodation business
These researches involved different contents and specific fields of hotel business.
Theoretical researches on hotel business, tourist accommodation business focused on features,
contents, role of hotel business, tourist accommodation business, services and products, service
quality, competition, experience in tourist accommodation business, such as: Travel Economics
(Nguyen Van Đinh, Tran Thi Minh Hoa, 2006); Hotel – Restaurant services and skills (Nguyen
Van Đinh, Hoang Thi Lan Huong , 2007); Business administration for travel agencies (Nguyen
Doan Thi Lieu, 2011); Overview of tourist accommodation establishments (Nguyen Vu Ha,
Đoan Manh Cuong, 2011); Hotel business administration (Nguyen Van Manh, Hoang Thi Lan
Huong, 2013).
Several doctoral theses related to hotel and tourist accommodation business were put
into the thesis study, such as: Measures for organizing and managing hotels in Hanoi (Vo Que,
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2001), Raising competitiveness of Vietnamese hotels in the time to come (Ha Thanh Hai, 2010),
developing tourist accommodation business in Vietnam’s northern tourist sites (Hoang Thi Lan
Huong, 2010). Researches analyzed and made judgment on hotel management in areas, put
forth solutions to raise the competitiveness of Vietnamese hotels as well as measures to develop
tourist accommodation business in line with sustainability.
In addition, several research documents related to hotels and tourist lodging were
studied, such as: solutions to accomplish the state management of hotels after privatization in
Hanoi (Tran Thi Phung (2005), scientific researches at ministry level, tourism development
institute (1999), Scientific basis determines hotel system by territory, Institute for Tourism
Development Research (2005), Survey on tourist accommodation businesses nationwide...
The researches partly gave evaluation and solved important problems relating to
different aspects of hotel business and tourist accommodation business.
Moreover, there are some foreign books, researches and articles whose contents relating
to hotel and tourist lodging, such as : M.C.Metti (2008), Hotel Restaurant and travel law,
Anmol Publication Pvt Ltd. M.C. Metti (2008), Hospitality and tourism management system
.M.C. Metti (2008), Service quality management in hospitality tourism, Mohinder Chand
(2009), Maganing hospitality operations. Kaye (Kye-Sung) Chon & Thomas A. Maier (2009),
Welcome to Hospitality- An introduction. Cho, W (1996), Creating and Sustaining competitive
advantage through an information technology application in the lodging industry…
However, hotel and tourist lodging theories as well as local and international theses,
scientific subjects, articles involving hotel and tourist lodging were only limited to the study of
several aspects in hotel and tourist accommodation business in different research scopes and
worked out solutions to each field of research.
1.1.2. Researches relating to the state management of tourism
Researches relating to the state management of tourism in general were studied and
approached from specific or combined research aspects in contents, tools and methods of state
management of tourism. Via the general study of researches relating to contents, tools and
methods of state management of tourism, we mention: Hoang Van Hoan (2002) with the
research Accomplishing the state management of workers in the field of tourist accommodation
service in Vietnam , Trinh Đang Thanh (2004), State management by law for tourism activities
in Vietnam nowadays, which involved the state management by law for tourism activities.
Regarding to the state management of tourism at provincial level, author Nguyen Tan Vinh
made the thesis on Perfecting the state management of tourism in Lam Đong province (2008),
Nguyen Hoang Tu with the thesis on The local state management of sustainable tourism
development in Vietnam’s central provinces (2016), doctoral thesis of author Nguyen Manh
Cuong on The role of provincial government in developing tourism sustainably in Ninh Binh
province (2015).
1.1.3. Researches on the state management of tourist accommodation business
Firstly, for researches relating to the state management of hotel business ( lodging
business)
Among researches on the state management of lodging business, firstly we mention
Solutions in organizing and managing hotels in Hanoi (Vo Que, 2001), The institute for
tourism development (1999) with the subject Scientific basis determines the organization of
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Vietnam hotel system by territory. Author Hoang Thi Lan Huong (2010) with the thesis
Developing tourist accommodation business in Vietnam’s northern tourist sites focused on
clarifying advantages and disadvantages in the state management of tourist lodging. However,
the content of state management of tourist accommodation business is relatively broad and not a
focal point of the research subject, the research only indicated general situation which is
specific for some cities and provinces in the northern tourist areas. In the other hand, such
contents as : granting and revoking licenses, inspecting, resolving complains, denunciations,
dealing with law violations in tourism field have not been mentioned in the researches.
Secondly, for researches involving factors which affect the state management of hotel
business ( lodging business)
An overview of research works relating to the researched subject showed that most of
the researches did not analyze factors affecting the state management of hotel and tourist
accommodation business. Therefore, this opens a new aspect for researches in the coming time.
1.1.4. Researches on Haiphong tourism
Among researches which focused on macro issues relating to Haiphong tourism
activities, we can mention the subject “studying to build a model of protecting tourism
environment joined by the entire community, contributing to the sustainable development of Cat
Ba island – Haiphong” (Institute for Tourism Development, 2003), the Institute for Tourism
Development (2004) with the subject “Evaluating the influence of tourism on natural resources
and environment in Haiphong – Quangninh”. Raising competitiveness of travel agencies in the
economic growth triangle of the North (Hanoi - Haiphong - Quangninh), (Nguyen Viet Thai,
2009). Factors affecting the level of customer satisfaction for Haiphong accommodation system
(Nguyen Thi Tam, Nguyen Thi Hanh, 2014). Through the synthesis of macro and micro
research issues relating to Haiphong tourism up to now, we can see that there has been no
research on the state management of tourist accommodation business in Haiphong.
1.1.5. Conclusions drawn and specific study in the thesis
Via the synthesis of studied subjects, we outlined issues which have not yet been
studied. In details: researches were only limited to studying solutions for organizing and
managing hotels, raising hotels’ competitiveness, developing lodging business, the state
management of tourism business in general and workers of tourism industry, managing lodging
service prices... There is no specific research on tourist accommodation business in a locality.
Meanwhile, the researches on the state management of travel business has not yet pinpointed
factors affecting the state management of lodging business. This is also an issue that the author
could conduct further study in the thesis.
Besides, researches on Haiphong tourism were only limited to studying and assessing
the affects of tourism activities on nature; resources and environment in Haiphong- Quangninh;
studying to build models of protecting tourism environment with the participation of the whole
community, contributing to the sustainable tourism development of Cat Ba island, Haiphong;
factors affecting customer satisfaction for lodging system in Haiphong...
Therefore, there needs a specific and systematic research on tourist accommodation
business in Haiphong, improve it in the perspective of the state management agencies from
central to local level to ensure operational effectiveness of tourist accommodation businesses,
contributing to developing the city’s social- economy. I hope that this is a new research topic