Nghiên cứu giải pháp công nghệ chống giữ, duy trì sử dụng lại đường lò dọc vỉa vận tải phục vụ mục đích thông gió trong hệ thống khai thác cột dài theo phương

The problem of significant coal loss and high costs associated with traditional longwall mining methods that require leaving protective coal pillars to secure gate roads is a critical challenge in underground coal extraction. This paper addresses this by focusing on a novel approach to "duy trì lò dọc vỉa vận tải" (transportation gate road maintenance) for reuse as a ventilation pathway in subsequent longwall faces, particularly in complex multi-level mining scenarios. Drawing upon international advancements, especially in China, and leveraging modern "công nghệ điều khiển khối đá mỏ" (rock mass control technology) and advanced "công nghệ chống giữ bằng vì neo" (cable bolt support technology), this research explores a solution to enhance resource recovery and reduce operational expenditures, providing a more efficient and sustainable mining practice.

Engineers, researchers, and practitioners in underground coal mining, particularly those involved in longwall mining, mine design, rock mechanics, and mine ventilation. This includes professionals at coal companies, research institutions, and academic bodies focused on optimizing mining operations and resource recovery.

Traditional longwall mining schemes often entail substantial coal losses and high development costs due to the need for protective coal pillars or repeated excavation of new gate roads. This research presents a comprehensive solution focused on the "duy trì lò dọc vỉa vận tải" (transportation gate road maintenance) within the longwall method, enabling its reuse as a ventilation gate road for underlying mining faces. The paper meticulously reviews existing longwall mining schemes, highlighting the limitations of methods that involve leaving protective pillars (121 scheme) or using artificial pillars (111 scheme) due to their resource consumption and complexity. The core of this study centers on the advanced 110 longwall mining scheme, which completely eliminates protective pillars. This is achieved through a multi-faceted approach involving active stress reduction on the gate road and significant enhancement of its load-bearing capacity. Key technological interventions include the strategic application of special "công nghệ chống giữ bằng vì neo" (cable bolt support technology), specifically NPR cable bolts, and controlled "khoan nổ cắt vách" (drilling and blasting) to manage rock mass behavior. The methodology comprises three distinct phases: pre-mining preparation with gate road reinforcement, temporary protection during active mining, and post-mining stabilization allowing for support recovery. The practical value and implications of this technology are demonstrated through its successful trial application at the Khe Cham I area of Ha Long Coal Company, under specific geological and technical conditions. This innovative approach promises to drastically reduce operational costs, minimize coal losses, and improve overall mining efficiency and safety by optimizing the utilization of existing infrastructure.