MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
VIETNAM ACADEMY OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
GRADUATE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
-----------------------------
NGU TRUONG NHAN
STUDY ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL
ACTIVITIES OF DALBERGIA TONKINENSIS PRAIN IN VIETNAM
Major : Chemistry of natural compounds
Code : 9 44 01 17
SUMMARY OF CURRICULUM DISSERTATION OF
CHEMISTRY
HA NOI - 2019
This research has been done at Graduate University of Science and
Technology – Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
Supervisor 1: Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Manh Cuong
Supervisor 2: Dr. Do Huu Nghi
Reviewer 1: …
Reviewer 2: …
Reviewer 3: ….
The dissertation will be defensed before the Evaluation Council of the doctoral
dissertation at the Academy, meeting at the Academy of Science and Technology -
Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology at ... hours ... ', date ... month… 201
…...
The dissertation can be found at:
- Library of the Graduate University of Science and Technology
- National Library of Vietnam
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INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the dissertation
Vietnam has an area of about 330000 km2, stretching 1650 km through 15 latitudes,
has tropical climate with two hot and humid seasons, relatively high humidity (over 80%),
abundant annual rainfall (middle 1200-2800 mm). With such natural environment, a
diverse and abundant flora in species has been, green around year, and has many uses to
serve human life such as food, making processing interior and exterior decorations,
landscaping, medicine,... According to statistics, Vietnam's vascular plants has more than
10,000 species, of which about 3,200 species of plants are used in traditional medicine to
make medicine.
The Dalbergia genus (Fabaceae) contains more than 300 recognised species that
are widely distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions. The wood of many species
of Dalbergia is commonly called ‘rosewood’ due to its dark red colour and beautiful
grain, and has been used for hundreds of years for high quality furniture and musical
instruments. The Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain species (commonly called ‘Sua Do’ due
to the heartwood of perennial plant is red-brown to red-black), is is a precious timber
species with high economic value. It has been listed in Vietnam’s Red Book (2007), in
IUCN Red List Categories (2015) as Vulnerable (VU), and in Government Decree No.
32/2006 / ND-CP under group IA.
Phytochemical studies of the genus Dalbergia have indicated that its chemical
constituents are various flavonoids (including flavones, isoflavones, neoflavones,
flavanones, isoflavanones, flavanes, isoflavanes, neoflavans, flavonols, flavanonols,
and isoflavanonols), 4-aryl-coumarins, phenols, sesquiterpenes, phytosterols, as well as
coumestan and coumaronochromone derivatives.
Dalbergia species were previously found to possess a wide spectrum of biological
activities, including antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, anti-cancer, spermicidal, anti-
inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and cardiovascular activity. The heartwood of
Dalbergia species are used in traditional Chinese medicines for treating cardiovascular
diseases including heart failure, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, myocardial
fibrosis, and coronary failure.
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So far, the Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain in Vietnam has not been studied fully
and comprehensively about botany, chemical composition and biological effects.
Phytochemical studies, there is only a preliminary study in the country. However, the
part of studied plant was not described.
From the above scientific and practical bases, we chose the topic ‘‘Study on
chemical constituents and biological activities of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain in
Vietnam’’.
2. Research purposes of the dissertation
Studying on Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain systematicly and fully about: plants
(microsurgery, gene sequences), chemical compositions and biological activity.
3. Main research contents of the dissertation
In order to achieve the above objectives, the thesis has implemented the
following contents:
- Research on plants (microsurgery of leaves, stem, core powder and gene
sequences) of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain.
- Isolate and determine the structure of compounds from Dalbergia tonkinensis
Prain (heartwood) oriented biological effect (inhibiting enzyme a-glucosidase).
- Surveying some biological activities: antibacterial and inhibition of a-
glucosidase enzyme of total extraction, high extraction and some isolated clean
compounds from Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain in Vietnam.
MAIN CONTENTS OF THE DISSERTATION
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW
The document overview is a collection of national and international studies on issues:
1.1. Overview of the legume Fabaceae and Dalbergia genus
1.1.1. Overview of the legume Fabaceae
1.1.1.1. Overview of the Dalbergia genus
1.1.1.2. Overview of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain
1.2. Studying on chemical compositions and biological activity of the Dalbergia
genus in the world
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CHAPTER 2: PRACTICAL TEST AND STUDYING METHODS
This section describes in detail the process of material samples, microsurgical
studying methods and gene sequences, making of extraction parts, chromatographic
separation, compounds isolation and bioactive testing methods.
2.1. Subject
Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain includes branches, leaves and brack that are collected
in Buon Ma Thuot city, Dak Lak province. The scientific name of the tree was
determined by Dr. Nguyen Quoc Binh, Vietnam Natural Museum, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology. The specimen sample of plants are stored in the plant's
specimen room, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources and at the Bioactive
Department, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, sample symbols are C-561 and
C-612.
After being collected, Sua samples are washed, removed skin, only get red cores
and dried to isolate the substance. Then the sample is minced and soaked several times
with MeOH at temperature room. After removing solvent, residue is fractionated with
solvents with increasing polarity such as: n-hexane, chloroform or dichloromethane,
ethyl acetate and water.
2.1. Subject
The plant and heartwood of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain (over ten-year old) was
collected in Buon Ma Thuot city, Daklak province, Vietnam. The plant was identified
by botanist Dr. Nguyen Quoc Binh, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, VAST,
Hanoi, Vietnam. A voucher specimen (C-561) and (C-612) was deposited in
Department of Bioactive Products, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, VAST,
Hanoi, Vietnam
Dried powdered heartwoods (3.7 kg) of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain were
extracted with hot methanol (5 x 7.0 L) under reflux, filtered, and then concentrated
under decreased pressure giving a black crude methanol residue (120 g). The
suspension of the methanol residue in hot methanol-water (1:1, v/v) was successively
