BONOIVU • •
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A
::..
CHUYENDEI TIN HOC CO BAN
•
T4P TAl LIJU GIANG D~ y
nANH CHO LOP DOl DUONG KIEN THUC vA KY NANG CONG NGH:E: THONG TIN ,,~ DQ, CONG CHUC XA KHU vVC DONG DANG ~~~, rGll~
-1JJ[J .,,~.,.-
'J.blo Quyit djnh s6:1-£ilQD-BNV ngay!JO thang!i nam 2012
cija B(j trrrimg B(j N(ji vp)
Hit Noi - 2012 •
BAIl: cAe KHAI NI~M co BAN VE MAy TiNH
1. Cac khai ni~m CO' ban v~ may tinh.
Sau khi hoan thanh nQi dung nay, ngrro; sir d\lng n~m drrQ'c:
• Cac lol;li may dnh ph6 bi€n hi~n nay.
~"
• Cac b('> ph?n chinh cua may dnh ca nhan.
• Sa d6, cach dau n6i, l~p di;it thiSt bi ph~n cung.
• Cac thi€t bi 1uu tm, thi€t bi d~u VflO, thi€t bi d~u ra.
• Cac 10l;li ph~n mem thong dVng.
1.1. Cac IO\li may tinh.
• Cach bao quan may dnh.
May dnh, hay con gQi 1a may vi tinh hoi;ic may di~n toan, 1a nhUng thi€t bi hay h~ th6ng dUng de tinh toan, kiem soat cac hOl;lt d('>ng co the bieu di€n du6'i dl;lllg s6 hay quy 1u?t logic. May tinh duqc l~p ghep boo cac thanh ph~n co the thlJC hi~n cac chuc nang dan gian dii dinh nghla tru6'c. Qua trinh tac d('>ng cua cac thanh phk nay dii tl;lo cho may tinh
kha nang xu 1y thong tin. NSu duqc thiSt l?p chillh xac (thong thuemg boi cac chuang trinh may tinh) thi may tinh co the mo phong ll;li m('>t s6 khia cl;lnh cua van de hay cua h~
th6ng.
Co nhieu cach de phan 10l;li may tinh, cach ph6 biSn nhat 1a phan lol;li may tinh dlJa tren mvc dich cua nguai su dVng bao g6m cac 10l;li: Sieu may tinh, may tinh lan, may chu,
1.1.1. May tinh ca nhan - PC (Personal Computer).
may trl;lm, may tinh ca nhan (PC), may tinh xach tay (Laptop), may tinh bang, thi€t bi h6 trq ky thu?t s6 ca nhan (PDA), vv...Trong khuon kh6 tai 1i~u nay chi de C?P t6'i hai 10l;li may tinh ph6 biSn hi~n nay 1a may tinh ca nhan (PC) va may tinh xach tay (Laptop).
La 10l;li may vi dnh de ban nho, ph6 biSn nhfrt v6'i gia ca, kich thu6'c va SlJ tuang thich cua no phu hqp v6'i nhieu nguai su dvng. May dnh ca nhan duqc l~p ghep boi nhieu linh ki~n, thanh ph~n khac nhau nhu: Vo may Hnh, b('> ngu6n, bo ml;lch chu, kh6i
xu ly trung tam, b('> nh6' RAM, 6 rna cung, 6 rna quang, vv ...
Hlnh 1: May tinh ca nhan.
1.1.2. May tinh xaeh tay (Laptop).
La lo~i may tinh ca nhan nho gQn co th~ mang xach duQ'c, thuemg dung cho nhfrng nguai thuemg xuyen di chuy~n. No thuemg co trQng luqng nhtt, tuy thu<)c van hang san xu~t va ki~u may danh cho cac mvc dich Slr dVng khac nhau. May tinh xach tay co d~y dll cac thanh ph~n co ban clla m<)t may tinh ca nhan thong thuemg.
Hinh 2: May tinh xach tay.
1.2. Cae bQ ph~n ehinh ella may tinh ea nhan (PC). 1.2.1. Vo may (Case).
V0 may tinh la m<)t thi~t bi dung d~ g~n k~t' va bao v~ cac thi~t bi ph~n cung trong may tinh. V 0 may tinh co nhi~u lo~i khac nhau, cac thi~t k~ rieng bi~t clla vo may tinh da t~o ra SlJ khac bi~t clla cac hang may tinh khac nhau va cac ki~u dang khac nhau trong cung m<)t hang.
- Full-tower: Lo~i dung, d(Lt tren ban ho(Lc tren m(Lt d~t co kich cO' IOn. - Mid ho(Lc Mini-tower: Lo~i vo may dung kich cO' trung binh ho(Lc th~p. - Desktop: Lo~i vo n~m, d(Lt tren m(Lt ban, co th~ d(Lt man hinh len tren vo.
2
V 0 may tinh ca nhan thuang duQ'c chia thanh cac lo~i:
- Low-profile: Lo~i thanh, mong, nho g<;m. Lo~i mlY thuOng dugc thi~t k~ cho
cac may tinh ca nhan nguyen chi~c.
V0 may tinh cfrn dap (rng cac yeu cfru t6i thi~u sau:
- Dll cung, vfrng d~ dam bao chiu dugc h!c va d~p (6 muc dQ th~p) tu mQi
hu6'ng, khong lam tae dQng d~n cac thi~t bi ben trong khi di chuy~n may tinh.
- C6 cac vi tri d~ g5n cae thi~t bi trong may tinh: Ngu6n may tinh, bo m~ch chll,
cac lo~i 6 ilia quang, 6 ilia cung, cac thi~t bi ngo~i vi, vv ...
- C6 kha nang thong gi6 t6t, c6 th~ trang bi cac qu~t lam mat 6 mQt s6 vi tri tuy
thuQc vao bo m~ch chll.
- C6 kha nang ti~p nh~n nhi~t tu cac thi~t bi va tan nhi~t ra moi truOng ben ngoai. - C6 kha nang h~n ch~ SlJ tham nh~p clla con trimg va bvi vao trong may tinh,
h~n ch~ ti~ng 6n ra ngoai.
- C6 g5n s~n cac thi~t bi t6i thi~u. - C6 nut Power d~ kh6i dQng may tinh. - C6 hai lo~i den LED d~ bao hi~u ch~ dQ ho~t dQng clla ngu6n di~n trong bo
m~ch chll va ch~ dQ lam vi~c clla cac 6 cung, 6 quang.
- C6loa bao hi~u clla may tinh. - C6 nut Reset d~ kh6i dQng l~i h~ th6ng khi g~p 16i.
,.:
;1'
~:·I':·!· ~"~jil'i ; ;,\
,
.C
II
;>
; ; . I ,'~ ....
Mini-tower
Full-tower
Desktop
Low-profile
Hlnh 3: V6 may tinh.
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La thit~t bi cung c§p di~n nang cho bo m1;lch chu, 6 cUng va cac thit~t bi khac, dap Ung nang luqng cho tl1t ca cac thit~t bi phl1n cUng cua may tinh h01;lt d(>ng. Ben C1;lnh cac thit~t bi chinh (bo m1;lch chu, kh6i xu ly trung Him CPU, b(> nh6 truy c~p ngftu nhien RAM, 6 cUng, vv...) thl Sl,l' 6n dinh cua may tinh phl} thu(>c nhi~u vao ngu6n may tinh boi no cung cl1p nang luqng cho cac thi~t bi nay h01;lt d(>ng. M(>t b(> ngu6n chl1t luqng kern, kh6ng cung cl1p du c6ng sul1t hoi;ic h01;lt d(>ng kh6ng 6n dinh se co th~ gay nen Sl,l' ml1t 6n dinh cua h~ th6ng may tinh (vi dl) cung cl1p di~n ap qua thl1p cho cac thi~t bi, co nhi~u nhiSu cao tl1n gay sai l~ch cac tin hi~u trong h~ th6ng, hu hong hoi;ic lam giam tu6i thQ cac thi~t bi n~u cung cl1p di~n ap dl1u ra cao han di~n ap dinh muc).
M(>t b(> ngu6n dugc coi la t6t n~u nhu dap Ung dugc cac y~u t6 sau:
- Sl,l' 6n dinh cua di~n ap dl1u ra. - Ngu6n kh6ng gay ra tu truOng, di~n truOng, nhiSu sang cac b(> ph~n khac xung quanh no va phai chiu dl,l'ng dugc tu truOng, di~n truOng, nhiSu tu cac v~t khac xung quanh tac d(>ng d~n no.
- Khi h01;lt d(>ng toa it nhi~t, kh6ng gay rung, 6n nho. - Cac day n6i dl1u ra da d1;lng, nhi~u chul1n chan c~m, dugc bQC day gQn gang va
ch6ng nhiSu.
- Uam bao h01;lt d(>ng 6n dinh v6i c6ng sul1t thi~t k~ trong m(>t thai gian h01;lt
d(>ng dai.
- Dai di~n ap dl1u vao cang r(>ng cang t6t, da s6 cac ngu6n chl1t luqng cao co dai
di~n ap dl1u vao tu 90 d~n 260V, tl1n s6 50/60 Hz.
Hinh 4: B9 ngu6n may tinh.
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1.2.2. BQ ngu6n (Power Supply Unit).
1.2.3. Bo m~ch chu (Main board hay Motherboard).
Lit bi'm m(;lch dong vai tro trung gian giao ti~p gifra cac thi~t bi vai nhau. MQt cach t6ng quat, bo m(;lch chu lit m(;lch di~n chinh cua mQt h~ th6ng co rfit nhi~u cac thi~t bi g~n tren bo m(;lch chu thong qua cac k~t n6i c~m vito ho~c day d~n lien k~t.
ffinh 5: 80 mgch chIlo
1.2.4. KhBi xu If trung tam (CPU - Central Processing Unit).
Co th~ duQ'c xem nhu bQ nao, lit mQt trong nhfrng phfin tlr c6t Wi nhfrt cua may Hnh. Nhi~m VlJ chinh cua CPU lit xu ly cac chuong trinh vit dfr ki~n. CPU co nhi~u ki~u dang khac nhau. d hinh thfrc don gii'm nhfrt, CPU lit mQt con chip vai viti ch\lc chan. Phfrc t(;lp hon, CPU duQ'c rap s~n vai hitng tri~u transitor tren mQt bang m(;lch nh6.
ffinh 6: Kh6i xu If; trung tam.
1.2.5. BQ nha RAM (Random Access Memory).
Lit bQ nha cua may Hnh dung d~ ghi l(;li cac dfr li~u t(;lm thai trong phien litm vi~c cua may Hnh, ding duQ'c hieu lit mQt be> nha dQc - ghi de lUll trfr cac thong tin thay d6i
vit cac thong tin duQ'c su d\lng hi~n hitnh. Thong tin luu tren RAM chi lit t(;lm thai, chung se mfrt di khi mfrt ngu6n di~n cung cfrp.
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Caclo~iRAM - SDR SDRAM (Single Data Rate SDRAM): ThuOng dugc gQi t~t hi "SDR".
Co 168 chan. Dugc dung trong cac may tinh CU, nay dff hi 16i thai.
(1) In11neol\
llMd.4 10ft-AM pe'!3-·1:u-!~o
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Hinh 7: SDR SDRAM
- DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM): ThuOng dugc gQi t~t la "DDR".
tai gfrp d6i
Co 184 chan. DDR SDRAM la cai ti€n cua he> nh6 SDR v6i t6c de> truy€n SDR nha vao vi~c truy€n tai hai l~n trong me>t chu ky he> nh6.
Hinh 8: DDR SDRAM
- DDR2 SDRAM (Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM): ThuOng dugc gQi t~t la "DDR2". La th€ h~ thu hai eua DDR v6i 240 chan, 19i th€ Ian nhfrt cua no so v6i DDR la co tuy€n t6c de> (Bus speed) cao gfrp d6i xung d6ng h6 (Clock speed).
Hinh 9: DDR2 SDRAM
- DDR III SDRAM (Double Data Rate III Synchronous Dynamic RAM): Thuang dugc gQi t~t la "DDR3". La th€ h~ RAM m6i, co nhi€u cai ti€n so v6i cac lo~i RAM tru6c, tieu th\l di~n nang it han nhung hi~u nang su d\lng l~i dugc mlng len, t6ng
s6 chan cua DDR3la 240.
Hinh 10: DDR III SDRAM
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Thong s6 cua RAM duQ'C the hi~n qua dung 1uQ'llg va Bus cua RAM. Dung 1uQ'llg RAM duQ'c tinh b~ng MB (Megabyte) ho~c GB (Gigabyte), thong thuOng RAM duQ'c thi~t k~ vai cac dung 1uQ'llg 8, 16,32,64, 128,256,512 MB, 1 GB,2 GB, 4 GB...Dung 1uQ'llg cua RAM cang 100 cang t6t cho h~ th6ng, tuy nhien khong phai tl1t ca cac h~ th6ng ph~n cung va h~ di~u hanh d~u h6 trQ' cac lo~i RAM co dung 1uQ'llg 100, m<)t s6 h~ th6ng ph~n cung cua may tfnh ca nhan chi h6 trQ' d~n t6i da 4 GB va m<)t s6 h~ di~u hanh (nhu phien ban 32 bit cua HUH Windows XP) chi h6 trQ' d~n 3
GB. Bus cua RAM duQ'c hieu nhu 1u6ng 1uu chuyen cua m<)t con duOng, Bus cang cao thi 1u6ng con duang cang r<)ng, lUll thong cang nhanh. Tuy tung lo~i RAM khac
I
I
I DDR2SDRAM
nhau se co Bus khac nhau nhu bang sau:
I DDR III SD RAM
SDRSDRAM DDRSDRAM
DDR2-400: Con DDR3-800: 800 DDR-200: Con PC-66: 66 MHz
duQ'c gQi 1a PC2 MHz bus duQ'c gQi 1a PC- bus
3200: 200 MHz bus 1600: 100 MHz bus
DDR-266:Con DDR2-533: Con PC-tOO: 100 MHz DDR3-t066: 1066
duQ'c gQi 1a PC- duQ'c gQi 1a PC2 MHz bus bus
4200: 266 MHz bus 2100: 133 MHz bus
DDR-333: Con DDR2-667: Con DDR3-t333: 1333 PC-t33: 133 MHz
duQ'c gQi 1a PC2 duQ'c gQi 1a PC- MHz bus bus
1-
5300: 333 MHz bus 2700: 166 MHz bus
I
I DDR-400: Con duQ'c gQi 1a PC-
DDR2-800: Con DDR3-t600: 1600
MHz bus duQ'c gQi 1a PC2
6400: 400 MHz bus 3200: 200 MHz bus
Ngoai b<) nha RAM con co b<) nha ROM (Read Only Memory": b<) nha chi dQc) co chuc nang 1uu till cac thong tin, khi ml1t ngu6n di~n cung clip se khong bi (xoa) ml1t.
1.2.6. Dia crrng (HDD - Hard Disk Drive).
Hay con gQi 1a 6 rna cung, 1a thi~t bi dung de 1uu tru du 1i~u tren b~ m~t cac tl1m rna hinh tron phu v~t 1i~u tu tinh. 6 rna cung 1a ill<)t thi~t bi rl1t quan trQng trong h~ th6ng bai chung chua du 1i~u, thanh qua ca qua trinh lam vi~c cua nguai Slr d\mg may tfnh. Nhung S\I hu hong cua cac thi~t bi khac trong h~ th6ng may tfnh co the sua chua ho~c thay th~ duQ'c, nhung du 1i~u bi ml1t do y~u t6 hu hong ph~n cung cua 6 rna cung thuOng kho co the 111y l~i duQ'C.
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Hinh 11: 6 ma cung.
V6i SlJ phat tri~n nhanh chong cua khoa h<;>c, cong ngh~, 6 rna c(mg ngay nay co kich thu6c ngay cang nha han, troy xuc1t du li~u nhanh han, giup h~ di~u hanh hoe;tt dQng t6i uu han, giam thai gian khai dQng cua h~ th6ng, ti~t ki~m nang luqng, slJ thay d<3i phuang thuc ghi du li~u lam cho dung luqng <3 rna cung tang len dang k~.
Dung luqng <3 rna c(mg la thong s6 thuang duqc nguai su d\mg nghI d~n delu tien, la ca sa cho vi~c so sanh, delu tu va nang cc1p. Dung luqng cua <3 rna c(mg duqc tfnh thea cac dan vi dung luqng ca ban thong thuang: byte, kB (kilobyte), MB (Megabyte), GB (Gigabyte), TB (Terabyte). Da s6 cac hang san xuc1t d~u tinh dung
luqng thea cach co lqi (theo cach tfnh 1 GB = 1000 MB rna thlJC ra phai la 1 GB = 1024 MB) nen dung luqng rna h~ di~u hanh (ho~c cac pheln m~m ki~m tra) nh~n ra <3
thuang chi de;tt khoang 37-38 GB).
rna cung thuang thc1p han so v6i dung luqng ghi tren nhan rna (vi dl) <3 rna cung 40 GB
T6c dQ quay cua rna c(mg thuang duqc ky hi~u b~ng rpm (revolutions per
minute) s6 vang quay trong mQt phut. T6c dQ quay cang cao thi <3 rna cung cang lam vi~c nhanh do chung thlJc hi~n d9C/ghi nhanh han, thai gian tim ki~m thc1p. Cac t6c dQ quay thong dl)ng thuang la: 3.600 rpm la t6c dQ cua cac <3 rna cung th~ h~ tru6c; 4.200
rpm thu(mg su dl)ng v6i cac may tinh xach tay muc gia trung binh va thc1p; 5.400 rpm
thong dl)ng v6i cae <3 rna cung 3,5", v6i cac <3 rna cung 2,5" cho cac may tfnh xach tay hi~n nay da chuy~n sang t6c dQ 5400 rpm d~ dap ung nhu celu d9C/ghi du li~u nhanh han; 7.200 rpm thong dl)ng v6i cac <3 rna cung san xuc1t trong thai gian hi~n te;ti;
10.000 rpm, 15.000 rpm: Thuang su dl)ng cho cac <3 rna cung trong cac may tinh ca nhan cao cc1p, may tre;tm va cac may chu co su dl)ng giao ti~p SCSI.
Co nhi~u chucln giao ti~p khac nhau giua <3 rna cUng v6i h~ th6ng pheln cung, SlJ da de;tng nay mQt pheln xuc1t phat til yeu cc1u t6c dQ d9C/ghi du li~u khac nhau giua cac
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h~ th6ng may tinh, ph~n con l1;li cac 6 giao ti~p nhanh thuOng co gia thanh cao hcm nhi€u so v6i cac chufin thong d\lng. Tru6c day, cac chufin ATA va SATA th~ h~ d~u tien dugc Slr d\lng ph6 bi~n trong may tinh ca nhan thong thuOng trong khi chufin SCSI va Fibre Channel co t6c d9 cao hem dugc Slr d\lng chu y~u nhi€u trong may chu va may tf1;lm. G~n day, cac chufin SATA th~ h~ ti~p thea v6i t6c d9 giao ti~p cao hcm dang dugc Slr d\lng r9ng rai trong cac may tinh ca nhan.
1.2.7. 0 rna quang.
La thi~t bi dung de dQC ilia quang, no Slr d\lng m9t lO1;li thi~t bi phat ra tia laser chi~u vao b€ m~it ilia quang va phan X1;ll1;li tren d~u thu va dugc giai rna thanh tin hi~u. Nhfrng 6 ilia quang dugc Slr d\mg trong cac may tinh bao g6m:
- L01;li chi dQc (Read-only Disk Drive): Dung de truy c~p dfr li~u tren cac ilia da
ghi dfr li~u ill tru6c.
- L01;li dQC va ghi (Read, Write Disk Drive): Co the dQC, ghi, xoa dfr li~u tren ilia, thuOng leY hi~u v6i 3 thong s6 tren 6 ilia. Vi d\l: 52x32x52 tuc la 6 ilia co the dQC dfr li~u t6i da 52x, ghi dfr li~u tren ilia ghi xoa a t6c d9 32x, ghi dfr li~u tren ilia ghi m9t l~n at6c d9 t6i da 52x (Ix tuemg duemg v6i 150Kb/giay).
DVD
~
6 ilia quang dQc va ghi
6 ilia quang chi dQc
Hinh 12: 6 ilia quang.
1.3. Thi~t bi luu trfr ngoiti (External Storage).
1.3.1. 6 crrng di dQng/USB (Universal Serial Bus).
tM dfr li~u,
- 6 crrng di dQng: La thi~t bi dung de luu trfr dfr li~u ngoai may tinh, cac tieu chi c~n quan tam khi mua 6 cung di d9ng la dung lugng luu trfr dfr li~u (tinh b~ng GB), t6c d9 sao luu dfr li~u, chufin k~t n6i va d9 b€n cua si'm phfim. 6 cung di d9ng dugc chia lam hai lO1;li chinh: L01;li thu nh~t co kich cO' 3,5 inch doi hoi phai co day cim lO1;li thu hai nho va nh~ hem co ngu6n rieng cung v6i day USB de truy€n kich thu6c 2,5 inch ho~c 1,8 inch, lO1;li nay chi Slr d\lng m9t day cap USB de vua tM dfr li~u vua cftp ngu6n di~n cho 6 cung. Tuy nhien lO1;li co kich thu6c 2,5 truy€n inch thucmg khong co dung lugng lan nhu I01;li co kich cO' 3,5 inch. H~u h~t hi~n nay 6 cung di d9ng k~t n6i v6i cac thi~t bj thong qua c6ng USB 2.0, m9t s6 mftu rna m6i
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nh~t co tfch hgp giao ti~p USB 3.0, mQt s6 10l;li Slr dVng k~t n6i FireWire (400 va 800) hay eSATA. Cac 6 crrng c~m ngoai Slr dVng c6ng USB 2.0 ph6 bi~n hon vi co th~ thi~t bi. it g~p hon nhung co t6c dQ nhanh hon 1£1 chuiin tuong thich v6i nhi€u tai dfr 1i~u 1£1 400 Mbps ho~c 800 Mbps. V6i FireWire, cung c~p cac t6c dQ truy€n giao di~n k~t n6i eSATA, co t6c dQ truy€n tai dfr 1i~u r~t cao 1£1 3Gbps (3.000 Mbps), nhanh han nhi€u so v6i USB 2.0. Tuy nhien, giao di~n k~t n6i eSATA khong cung c~p di~n nang qua cap n6i, thay vao do ngueri Slr dVng se d.n trang bi mQt cap c~p ngu6n qua c6ng USB ho~c mQt adapter AC ben ngoai.
Hinh 13: 6 cung di G9ng.
- 6 USB flash (0 cling di dQng USB ho~c 6 Clrng flash USB): La thi~t bi 1uu trfr dfr 1i~u Slr dVng bQ nh6 flash tfch hgp v6i giao ti~p USB. Chung co kich thu6c nho, nh~, co th~ thao l~p va ghi dfr 1i~u dugc. Dung 1ugng cua 6 USB flash ngay cang tang len dang k~. 0 USB flash co nhi€u uu di~m hon h~n cac thi~t bi 1uu trfr thao l~p khac, chung nho hon, nhanh han, co dung 1ugng Ian han va tin c~y hon, do do ngay nay 6 USB flash dff hoan toan thay th~ cho cac 6 rna m€m trong cac may tfnh ca nhan dugc san xu~t trong nhfrng nam tru6c day.
"-- I~
Hinh 14: 6 USBjlash.
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1.3.2. Dia CD (Compact Disc).
La m<)t trong nhfrng lo~i rna quang thucmg duqc ch~ t~o b~ng ch~t deo, duemg kinh 12 cm, dung phuong phap ghi quang hQC de luu trfr khoang 80 phiIt am thanh ho(Lc 700 MB dfr li~u may tinh da duqc rna h6a thea ky thu~t s6. Uta CD Slr dl,mg cang ngh~ quang hQC de dQC va ghi dfr li~u, m<)t cach don gian nh~t chung dung tia lazer chi~u vao b~ m(Lt rna de nh~n l~i cac phan Xl;l anh sang tuong ung v6"i cac d~ng tin hi~u nhi phan (0 va 1).
Hinh 15: DIG CD.
1.3.3. Dia DVD (Digital Versatile Disc ho~c Digital Video Disc).
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La m<)t dinh d~ng luu trfr rna qua~g ph6 bi~n. Cang dl,mg chinh cua rna la lUll trfr video va lUll trfr dfr li~u. DVD c6 nhi~u diem gi6ng CD nhu chung d~u c6 duemg kinh 12 cm cho lo~i tieu chufrn, hay 8 cm cho lo~i nho. Tuy nhien rna DVD c6 cach lUll dfr li~u khac, v6"i cach nen dfr li~u va cac lap quang hQc c6 kha nang chua nhi~u dfr li~u hon CD g~p 7 l§n ho(Lc hon th~ nfra. Sv khac nhau v~ thu~t ngfr DVD thuemg duqc rna ta bai phuong phap dfr li~u duqc luu trfr tren rna: DVD-ROM chua dfr li~u chi c6 the dQc rna khang the ghi, DVD-R va DVD+R c6 the ghi m<)t l§n va sau d6 c6 chuc nang nhu DVD-ROM va DVD-RAM, DVD-RW ho(Lc DVD+RW chua dfr li~u c6 the x6a va ghi l~i nhi~u l§n.
Hinh 16: DIG D VD.
11
1.4. Cac thi~t hi dAu vao (Input Devices)
1.4.1. ChuQt may tinh (Mouse).
Lil thiet bi ngo~i vi cua may tinh dung de dieu khien va him vi~c v6i may tinh.
De su d\,mg chuQt may tinh nhllt thiet phai su dVng man hinh may tinh de quan sat tQa dQ va thao tac di chuyen cua chuQt tren man hinh. ChuQt may tinh co hai Io~i chinh Ia
chuQt bi (co hQc) va chuQt quang.
- ChuQt bi: La chUQt su dVng nguyen Iy xac dinh chieu Ian cua mQt vien bi khi thay
d6i, di chuyen chuQt d~ xac dinh SlJ thay d6i tQa dQ cua con tro tren man hinh may tinh.
- ChuQt quang: Ho~t dQng tren nguyen Iy phat hi~n phim x~ thay d6i cua anh sang (ho(lc lazer) phat ra til mQt ngu6n cllp d~ xac dinh SlJ thay d6i tQa dQ cua con tro
tren man hinh may tinh.
ChuQt bi (co hQc)
ChuQt quang
Hinh 17: Chu(>t may tinh.
ChuQt may tinh duqc ket n6i v6i may tinh thong qua cac chu~n cAm ho(lc mQt thiet bi khac (neu Ia chuQt khong day). Ki~u giao tiep tru6c day d6i v6i chuQt may tinh thu<'mg qua c6ng COM, tuy nhien den nay d~ng c6ng nay khong con duqc su dVng. Ki~u giao tiep thong dVng hi~n nay Ia giao tiep qua c6ng PS/2 ho(lc qua c6ng USB.
Giili thich thu~t ngfr cua chuQt may tinh
Tro d6i tuqng
Ra chuQt tren m(lt ph~ng bim d~ ,di chuy~n con tro chuQt tren mim hinh tro den d6i tuqng dn xu IY.
Nhay trai chuQt
Thu<'mg dung d~ chQn mQt d6i tuqng, b~ng cach tro den d6i
tuqng, nhfin nhanh va thil nut trai chuQt.
(Click)
Dung di chuyen d6i tuqng ho(lc quet chQn nhieu d6i tuqng b~ng
Re/Keo (Drag)
cach tro den d6i tuqng, nhlln va gifr nut tnii chuQt di chuyen chuQt
de dai con tro chuQt den vi tri khac sau do thil nut trai chuQt.
12
Nhay phai chu9t
ThuOng dung hi~n thi m9t thlJc dan (menu) cong vi~c lien quan d~n m\lC duQ'c chQn, b~ng cach tro d~n d6i tuqng, nheln nhanh va tha nut phai ChU9t.
Nhay dup
(Double click)
ThuOng dung d~ kich ho~t chuang trinh duQ'c hi~n thi du6i d~ng m9t bi~u tuqng tren man hinh, b~ng cach tro d~n d6i tuqng, nheln nhanh va tha nut trai chu9t 2 l~n.
1.4.2. BaD phim (Keyboard).
La thi~t bi ngo~i vi cua may tinh. V~ hinh dang, ban phim la SlJ s~p d~t cac nut hay phim. M9t ban phim thong thuOng co cac kY tlJ duQ'c kh~c ho~c in tren phim. V6i da s6 ban phim, m6i l~n nheln m9t phim ttrang ling v6i m9t kY hi~u duQ'c t~o ra, tuy nhien, d~ t~o ra m9t s6 kY tlJ c~n phai nheln va gilt vai phim cung luc ho~c lien t\lc. Giao ti~p cua ban phim k~t n6i v6i bo m~ch chu thong qua c6ng PS/2, USB ho~c khong day.
1.4.3. May quH (Scanner).
La thi~t bi co kha nang quet anh d~ dua VaG rna cUng cua may tinh du6i d~ng file anh, giup cho vi~c luu trlt ho~c gui file di nai khac de dang, ngoai ra nguai su d\lng co th~ dung cac ph~n m~m khac de chinh sua file cho d~p han, vv...
ffinh 18: Rim phim.
13
-
Hinh 19: May que!.
1.4.4. Webcam (WC - Web Camera).
La thiSt bi ghi hinh ky thu~t s6 duQ'c kSt n6i vai may tinh d~ truyen trvc ti~p hinh anh len mQt website nao do hay d~n mQt may tinh khac thong qua m~ng Internet. ve ca ban, webcam gi6ng nhu may anh ky thu~t s6 nhung khac a ch6 cac chuc nang chinh cua no do phfrn mem cai d~t tren may tinh dieu khi~n va xu IY. Nhieu webcam con h6 trQ' vi~c quay phim va chvp anh.
Hinh 20: Webcam.
1.5. Cae thi~t bi d§u ra (Output Devices)
1.5.1. Mao hioh (Monitor).
La thiSt bi di~n tu g~n lien vai may tinh dung d~ hi~n thi va giao tiSp gifra nguai su dVng vai may tinh. U6i vai may tinh ca nhan (PC), man hinh may tinh Ia mQt bQ ph~n tach rai. U6i vai may tinh xach tay (Laptop), man hinh Ia mQt bQ ph~n g~n
chung khong tach rai.
Co nhieu Io~i man hinh may tinh, theo nguyen Iy ho~t dQng co th~ phan Io~i man
hinh may tinh thanh 2 Io~i chinh:
- Man hinh may tinh Io~i CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): Thuang g~p nhfrt Ia cac Io~i man hinh may tinh vai nguyen Iy 6ng phong chum di~n tu (6ng CRT, nen thuang
d~t ten cho Io~i man hinh nay Ia Io~i CRT).
Cac man hinh Io~i CRT co cac uu nhuQ'c di~m:
+ Vu di~m: Th~ hi~n mau s~c trung thvc, t6c dQ dap ung cao, dQ phan giai
co th~ d~t duQ'C cao.
+ NhuQ'c di~m: ChiSm nhieu di~n tich, tieu t6n di~n nang han cac Io~i man hinh khac, thuang gay anh huang suc khoe nhieu han vai cac Io~i man
hinh khac.
- Man hinh may tinh Io~i tinh th~ long LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): Dva tren cong cong ngh~ ve tinh th~ long nen rfrt Iinh ho~t, co nhieu uu di~m han man hinh CRT truyen th6ng, do do hi~n nay dang duQ'c su dVng rQng rai, dfrn thay thS man hinh CRT. 14
-
Cae man hinh tinh th~ long co cac uu nhuqc di~m:
+ Uu di~m: Mong nhy, khong chi~m di~n tich tren ban lam vi~c. it tieu t6n di~n nang so v6i man hinh 10(;1i CRT, it anh huang d~n suc khoe nguoi su d\mg so v6i man hinh CRT.
+ Nhuqc di~m: Gi6i h(;1n hi~n thi net trong d9 phan giai thi~t k~ (hoi.ic d9 phan giai b~ng 1/2 so v6i thi~t k~ theo ca hai chi~u dQc va ngang), t6c d9 dap ung ch~m hon so v6i man hinh CRT, mau s~c chua trung thvc b~ng man hinh CRT.
Manhinh CRT
Man hinh tinh th~ long LCD
Hinh 21: Mim hinh may tinh.
Ngoai hai 10(;1i chinh thong d\lI1g tren, man hinh may tinh con co m9t s6 10(;1i khac nhu:
- Man hinh cam lrng: La cac 10(;1i man hinh duqc tich hqp them m9t lop cam bi~n tren b~ mi.it d~ cho phep nguoi su d\mg co th~ di~u khi~n, lam vi~c v6i may tinh b~ng cach su d\mg cac 10(;1i but rieng hoi.ic b~ng tay.
- Man hinh may tinh su dVng cong ngh~ OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode): La cong ngh~ man hinh moi voi xu th~ phat tri~n trong tuong lai boi cac uu di~m: Cfru t(;10 mong, ti~t ki~m nang luqng, dap ung nhanh, tu6i thQ cao, vv... V~ ca ban, man hinh OLED thuCrng gi6ng man hinh tinh th~ long nhung co kichthu6c mong han nhi~u do khong su dVng den n~n.
Cac ki~u giao ti~p k~t n6i cua man hinh may tinh: Co hai ki~u giao ti~p thong
dVng gifra man hinh may tinh va may tinh la: D-Sub va DVI.
- D-Sub la ki~u truy~n theo tin hi~u tuong tv, cac man hinh CRT d~u su dVng giao
tiep nay.
- DVI la ki~u truy~n thea tin hi~u s6, da phfrn man hinh tinh th~ long hi~n nay su dVng chufrn nay, phfrn con l(;1i v§n su dVng thea D-Sub. Ki~u giao ti~p nay co uu di~m hon so v6i ki~u D-Sub la co th~ cho chfrt luqng anh t6t hon. Tuy nhien d~ su dVng ki~u DVI doi hoi C(;1C d6 hQa phai h6 trq chufrn nay.
15
Ngoai chuc nang hi~n thi, man hinh may tinh ngay nay con duQ'c tich hQ'P cac
tinh nang khac nhu:
- Loa: ThuOng m(>t s6 hang san xufit tich hQ'P loa vao man hinh kS ca lo~i CRT
va tinh thS long. Loa thuOng duQ'c g~n hai chi~c vao hai ben dS ph - Micro cling co thS duQ'c g~n kern vao man hinh (thuOng di cung v6i loa).
- Cac c6ng USB rna r(>ng: Nh~m thu~n ti~n cho vi~c thao tac c~m nhanh cac thi~t bi su dVng giao ti~p USB. - Webcam duQ'c tich hQ'p s~n v6i m(>t s6 mfru rna clla man hinh may tinh. 1.5.2. May chi~u (Projector). La thi~t bi dung dS chuySn d6i dfr li~u hinh anh til may tinh hay ngu6n video cho
sang hinh anh sang, r(>ng tren m(>t n~n xa thuOng la tUOng hay phong n~n. May chi~u
phvc vv vi~c trinh chi~u, thuy~t trinh, he> trq cho vi~c giai tri man anh r(>ng nhu xem
phim, xem bong da, vv ... Cung luc he> trQ' cho nhi~u nguai cung xem. Hinh 22: May chiiu. 1.5.3. May in (Printer). May in la thi~t bi dung dS thS hi~n ra cac chfit li~u khac nhau cac nQi dung duQ'c
so~n thao ho?c thi~t k~ s~n. May in dung trong van phong bao g6m nhi~u lo~i va cong
ngh~ khac nhau. Thong dVng nhfit va chi~m phfm nhi~u nhfit hi~n nay la lo~i m~y in ra
gifiy va su dVng cong ngh~ laser. Da phfrn cac may in su dVng cho van phong duQ'c n6i v6i m(>t may tinh ho?c m(>t
may chu dung in chung. M(>t ph~n khac may in duQ'c n6i v6i cac thi~t bi cong nghi~p
dung dS trang tri hoa van san pham, in nhan mac tren cac chfit li~u rieng. May in thuOng chia lam 3 lo~i: May in laser, may in kim va may in phun. - May in su dVng cong ngh~ laser: La cac may in dung in ra gifiy, ho~t d(>ng dva
tren nguyen t~c dung tia laser dS chi~u len m(>t tr6ng til, tr6ng til quay qua 6ng mvc
(co tinh chfit til) dS mvc hut vao tr6ng, gifiy chuySn d(>ng qua tr6ng va mvc duQ'c bam 16 - VflO gifiy, c6ng do~n cu6i cling la sfiy kh6 ml)'c d~ ml)'c bam ch~t vao gifiy tmac khi ra
ngoai. May in laser co t6c dQ in thuang cao han cac lo~i may in khac, chi phi cho m6i
ban in thuang tuang d6i thfip. - May in kim: SU d\lng cac kim d~ chfim qua mQt bang ml)'c lam hi~n ml)'c len
trang gifiy can in. May in kim dff tra thanh l~c h~u do cac nhugc di~m: In rfit ch~m, dQ
phan giai cua ban in rfit thfip (chi in dugc lo~i chfr, kh6ng th~ in dugc tranh anh) va khi
ho~t dQng thi dt bn. Ngay nay may in kim chi can xufit hi~n t~i cac cua hang, sieu thj
d~ in cac hoa dan nhu mQt thi~t bj nhc> gQn cho cac ban in chi phi thfip. - May in phun: Ho~t dQng thea nguyen ly phun ml)'C vao. Ml)'c in dugc phun qua
mQt 16 nhc> thea tung giQt vai mN t6c dQ Ian (khoimg 5000 lan/giay) t~o ra cac di~m
ml)'C du nhc> d~ th~ hi~n ban in s~c net. Da s6 cac may in phun thuang la cac may in
mau (co k~t hgp in dugc cac bim den tr~ng). D~ in ra mau s~c can t6i thi~u 3 lo~i ml)'c.
Cac mau s~c dugc th~ hi~n b~ng cach pha trQn ba mau ca ban vai nhau. So sanh trang
cac th~ lo~i may in thi may in phun thuong co chi phi tren m6i ban in Ian nhfit. Cac
may in phun thucmg co gia thanh thfip nhung cac hQp ml)'C cho may in phun l~i co gia
cao, s6 lugng ban in tren bQ hQP ml)'c thfip. Ngoai nhfrng lo~i may in tren can co mQt s6 lo~i may in danh cho m\lc dich chuyen d\lng nhu: may in in kh6 gifiy lan, may in bim db, vv ... May in kim May in Laser May inphun Hinh 23: Cac loqi may in. 17 D~ th~c hi~n vi~c in ra cac ch~ ban, may in can dugc k~t n6i vai may tinh hoi.ic qua m~ng may tinh hoi.ic thong qua cac ki~u truy~n dfr li~u khac nhau nhu: - K~t n6i vai may tinh: May in co th~ k~t n6i vai may tinh qua c6ng LPT truy~n
th6ng hoi.ic cae c6ng USB (da s6 cac may in hi~n nay d~u co kha nang k~t n6i vai c6ng
USB cua may tinh). - K~t n6i vai m~ng may tinh: May in co th~ dugc k~t n6i vai m~ng may tinh thong qua c6ng RJ45 d~ chia se in chung trong mQt m~ng nQi bQ. Cac ki~u k~t n6i khac: MQt s6 may in hi~n nay dff he> trg truy~n dfr li~u thong
qua bluetooth hoi.ic wi-fl, di~u nay t~o thu~n 19i cho vi~c in fin tir cac thi~t bi di
dQng, may anh s6 v6n rfit ph6 bi~n hi~n nay. 1.5.4. Loa (Speaker). La thi~t bi dung d~ phcit ra am thanh phvc vv nhu du lam vi~c va giai tri cua
nguai Slr dVng vai may tinh. Loa may tinh thuang dugc k~t n6i vai may tinh thong qua
ng5 xuM audio cua c~c am thanh tren may tinh. Loa may tinh g~n ngoai dung cho phcit
am thanh phvc Vl} giao ti~p va giai tri thuang dugc tich hgp s~n m~ch cong sufit, do do
loa may tinh co th~ Slr dVng tf\l'C ti~p vai cac ngu6n tin hi~u dau vao rna khong can d~n
bQ khu~ch d~i cong sufit (Amply). , ., .,r " ~f , Hinh 24: Loa. ........ Trong mN s6 truang hgp, tai nghe (Headphone) dugc Slr dVng thay th~ cho loa
may tinh (thich hgp trong cong sa, phong game hoi.ic cae nai co nhi~u may tinh trong
mQt khong gian giai h~n). v~ cfiu t~o, no ding la nhfrng chi~c loa co kich thuac nho
gQn, cong sufit thfip, thi~t k~ d~ nguai dung co th~ dec vao tai (va thuang tich hgp
them micro). Lo~i nay c~m th~ng vao c~c am thanh rna khong can m~ch khu~ch d~i
(trir d~ng tai nghe khong day co m~ch phcit va khu~ch d~i tf\l'c ti~p), chung co th~ di~u
chinh am lugng phu hgp vai am lugng mu6n nghe. 18 Ngo tin hi~u dllu VilO loa may tinh g6m hai lo~i: Ngo tuong t\1 (Analog) thong thuemg va ngo vao tin hi~u s6 (Digital). - Ngo tin hi~u dllu vao tuong t\1: La chuAn dllu vao thong d\lng nh.1t trong loa
may tinh va cac h~ th6ng dan am thanh giai tri dan d\lng. V6i ki~u nay co th~ k~t n6i
loa v6i tivi, dllu CD, VCD, DVD, may nghe MP3, vv... 1.6. SO'dB cach ddu n6i, Hip d~t thi~t bi phAn cung. Hi~n nay tren thi truemg co nhi~u lo~i bo m~ch chu (Main board) khac nhau,
(rng v6i m6i lo~i se co cac cach l~p d~t khac nhau nhung v~ cO' ban, d\1a vao sa d6 a
hinh 25, 26, 27 ta co th~ d§u n6i, l~p d~t cac thi~t bi phlln c(rng v6i nhau nhu: CPU,
RAM, cap 6 c(rng, cap 6 quang, ngu6n di~n, cap man hinh, ban phim, chu(>t, may in,
loa va cac c6ng rna r(>ng khac ... 1.6.1. SO'dB ddu n6i, l~p d~t thi~t bi tren bo m~ch chil. Dia cU'ng- ket nfii SATA I Pin CMOS Chip cau bac Dia cU'ng-ket noi AlA
(hoije rna Quang) Khe cam cap dia
." mem BIOS Socket cam CPU Cam chUQt va
ban phim Co'ng LPT Co'ng (vao/ra)
am thanh+mic Cohg COM Hinh 25: So a6 a6u n6i thiit bi tren bo mqch chit. - Ngo tin hi~u dllu vao s6 (Coaxial: ngo d6ng tf\lC hay Optical: ngo quang): La
ki~u k~t n6i thong qua tin hi~u s6, tin hi~u truy~n d~n loa duQ'c chinh xac va lo~i b6
nhi€u co th~ xu§t hi~n tren duemg truy~n so v6i ki~u tin hi~u tuO'ng t\1. Do v~y ngo tin
hi~u s6 chi xu§t hi~n tren cac h~ th6ng loa may tinh cao c§p. 19 Vi tri l~p ngu6n
maytinh Hinh 26: Sa a6 adu niSi, /(ip ai;rt thidt bi tren va may tinh. 20 Hinh 27: each cam thidt hi VGO mi;rt sau case may tinh. La m<)t t~p hqp nhfrng diu I~nh duQ'c vi~t b~ng m<)t ho~c nhi~u ng6n ngfr I~p
trinh thea m<)t tr~t tv' xac dinh nh~m t\f d<)ng th\fc hi~n m<)t s6 nhi~m V\l, chuc nang
ho~c giai quy~t m<)t vcin d~ C\l th~ nao do. Pheln m~m th\fc hi~n cac chuc nang cua no
b~ng cach gui cac I~nh tf\fC ti~p d~n pheln cung may tinh ho~c cung ccip dfr li~u d~
ph\lc V\l cac chuang trinh hay pheln m~m khac. Pheln m~m la m<)t khai ni~m trim
tuqng, khac v6'i pheln cUng a ch6 la "pheln m~m kh6ng th~ sa hay d\lng vao" va celn
phai co pheln cung m6'i co th~ th\fc thi duQ'c. La pheln m~m giup dO- h~ th6ng may tinh hOl:\t d<)ng. Nhi~m V\l chinh cua pheln
m~m h~ th6ng la tich hqp, di~u khi~n va quan Iy cac pheln cUng rieng bi~t cua h~ th6ng
may tinh. Vi d\l: H~ di~u hanh danh cho may tinh ca nhan nhu Microsoft Windows XP,
Microsoft Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows 7, h~ di~u hanh rna ngu6n rna Ubuntu
vv... H~ di~u hanh danh cho may chu nhu Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Microsoft
Windows Server 2008, MAC as, vv... chuang trinh di~u khi~n thi~t hi hay trinh v~n
hanh (Driver) Cl:\C man hinh, Cl:\C am thanh, chuang trinh k~t n6i may in, ... Hinh 28: Phdn mtm h¢ th6ng Microsoft Windows XP. La chuang trinh giup cho may tinh th\fc hi~n tr\fc ti~p m<)t c6ng vi~c nao do rna
nguai dung mu6n th\fc hi~n. Tren thi truang co 2 lot;li pheln m~m: Pheln m~m dong goi
va pheln mem phat tri~n thea yeu celu rieng. Pheln m~m dong goi la pheln m~m lam cho 1
IInh V\fC nao do th~t C\l th~ ho~c co tinh dung chung rcit cao. Pheln m~m phat tri~n thea
yeu celu rieng la pheln m~m duQ'c xay d\fllg thea dan d~t hang cua tung khach hang. Microsoft' Hinh 29: Phdn mtm zmg d7,mg Microsoft Office 2003. 21 May tinh phai dugc d~t (] neri rQng rai, kho rao, tranh neri co anh n~ng va nhi~u
bVi, n~n d~t may tinh d.n vfrng ch~c d~ may co th~ tan nhi~t va khong bi rung dQng khi N~u (] trong moi truemg nhi~u bVi hay khi h~u elm thfrp, nhfrt la (] neri g~n song lam vi~c. nuac hay treri mua nhi~u thi nen dung vai che cho may vi Hnh va cac thi~t bi ngo<;1i vi. Nen ki~m tra thuerng xuyen SlJ hO<;1t dQng cua h~ th6ng qU<;1t tan nhi~t trong may,
n~u qU<;1t quay qua ch~m hay co ti~ng keu bfrt thuemg thi phai thao may d~ lam v~ sinh
b~ng cach dung d6 nen khi (ban (] cac clra hang thi~t bi may tinh) hay 10<;1i binh xit bop
tay d~ th6i bvi bam tren qU<;1t, luai bao v~, mi~ng giai nhi~t, CPU va cac vi m<;1ch. Binh
thuemg cling nen lam v~ sinh may va cac thi~t bi ngo<;1i vi 6 thang 1 l~n. C~n co khoang tr6ng rQng rai xung quanh man hinh giup man hinh toa nhi~t
nhung nen che ch~n celn th~n d~ man hinh khong bi t<;1t nuac khi mua va tranh bvi hay
nuac reri vao man hinh. NIan hinh rfrt d~ bi bvi bam nen cfrn dung vai m~m lau man
hinh thuemg xuyen. Chi nen chinh anh sang va dQ tuang phan vira phai d~ keo dai tu6i
thQ bong den hinh. Khong nen d~ v~t d\mg co tiI Hnh m<;1nh (loa, nam cham, qU<;1t may,
may bi~n th~ ... ) g~n man hinh vi se lam mau s~c hi~n thi bi sai l~ch. N~u dung chuQt bi cfrn thuemg xuyen thao vien bi ra d~ lau s<;1ch cac banh Ian dlln
huang, n~u chung bi beln thi con tro chuQt se di chuy~n khong tran tru tren man hinh.
Du dung chuQt bi hay chuQt quang cling nen su d\mg mi~ng lot chuQt d~ di~u khi~n
chuQt dugc d~ dang, tran tru va chuQt it bam bvi duai bVng. N~u ngu6n di~n khong 6n dinh c~n mua may 6n ap ho~c bQ luu di~n (UPS) d~ Thuemg xuyen dung ch6i long m~m quet bVi cho ban phim va man hinh. Khong
nen d~ v~t chua nuac ben c<;1nh ban phim, n~u bi nuac db len ban phim phai l~p tuc t~t
may, rut day ban phim ra d~ lau va pheri kho xong mai dugc su d\mg 1<;11. Khong dugc
thao gO' cac phim bfrm vi chung rfrt d~ hu hong n~u thao khong dung cach, co th~ l~t up
ban phim r6i v6 nhy hay l~c ban phim d~ bvi reri ra. N~u khong su dVng may tinh thuemg xuyen thi thinh thoang cling cfrn cho hO<;1t gifr cho may khong bi anh hucmg khi dong di~n thay d6i, hay mfrt di~n dQt ngQt. dQng l<;1i, tranh vi~c d~ lau ngay khong dung se dlln d~n tinh tr<;1ng elm, hong thi~t bi. Su d\mg thi~t bi ch6ng set ho~c n6i day ti~p dfrt cho may Hnh cling la vi~c nen lam nh~m dam bao an toan cho ngueri su dVng cling nhu may tinh. D6i vai may tinh xach tay va cac thi~t bi ngoai cfrn tranh d~ g~n nhfrng neri co nuac, nhi~t dQ cao, tranh SlJ reri r&t, va d~p, tac dQng m<;1nh tiI ben ngoai.
22 BAI 2: H:E: DIED HANH 1. DE Ml)C 1: TAng quan v~ h~ di~u himh. Sau khi hoim thanh nQi dung nay, nglfOi sir dl}ng nim dlfQ'C: • Khai ni~rn h~ di~u himh • Cach phan Io~i h~ di~u himh 1.1. Khai ni~m h~ di~u hanh (HDH). H~ di~u hanh Ia ph.1n rn~rn ch~y tren may Hnh, dung d~ di~u hanh, quan Iy cac
thi€t bi ph.1n cung va cac tai nguyen tren may Hnh. H~ di~u hanh dong vai tro trung
gian trong giao ti€p gifra nguai su d\lng va ph.1n cling may Hnh, cung cfrp rnoi truang
cho phep nguai su d\lng phat tri~n va thlJc hi~n cac ling d\lng rn9t cach d~ dang. 1.2. Phan lo~i H~ di~u hanh. H~ di~u hanh tren may Hnh hi~n nay duqc su d\lng chu y€u g6rn 2 Io~i: 1.2.1. H~ di~u hanh ban quy~n. H~ di~u hanh ban quy~n Ia h~ di~u hanh rna rna ngu6n khong duqc cong b6.
Mu6n su d\lng h~ di~u hanh ban quy~n thi nguai su d\lng rnua l~i ban quy~n tir cac nha
phan ph6i chinh thuc cua hang. Cac hinh thuc tl)" do sao chep va su d\lng h~ di~u hanh
ban quy~n Ia nhUng hanh d9ng khong hqp phap. Vi~c su d\lng h~ di~u hanh ban quy~n
dern l~i nhieu Iqi ich nhu vi~c cai d~t, thao tac duqc d~ dang, tang hi~u sufrt ho~t d9ng,
kern thea nhi~u ung d\lng va ti~n ich, co quy~n c~p nh~t nhfrng ban va 16i h~ th6ng hay
ph.1n rn~rn, duqc nang cfrp len phien ban rn&i hon khi co SlJ thay d6i v~ phien ban, vv ... 1.2.2. H~ di~u hanh ma nguBn mfr. H~ dieu hanh rna ngu6n rna Ia h~ di~u hanh v&i rna ngu6n duqc cong b6 va su
d\lng cho phep bfrt cu ai cling co th~ nghien cuu, thay d6i va di ti€n, phan ph6i a d~ng
chua thay d6i ho~c da thay d6i va duqc rni~n phi ban quy~n ph.1n rn~rn va cac phien
bim nang cfrp trong qua trinh su d\lng. Su d\lng h~ di~u hanh rna ngu6n rna thuang it bi
tfrn cong bai virus va tin t~c (Hacker). V&i xu huang toan du hoa nhu hi~n nay thi vfrn de ban quy~n h~ di~u hanh dang ~ -....... 23 la mQt veln d€ n6i cQm. H~ di€u haOO rna ngu6n rna dugc xem la mQt giai phap hftu
hi~u nhelt cho bai toan ban quy€n h~ di€u hanh a nu6c ta hi~n nay. H~ dieu hanh rna
ngu6n rna mQt m~t c6 chi phi re han so v6i cac h~ di€u hanh truy€n
th6ng, m~t khac
relt d~ nang celP, cai ti~n (do cung celp rna ngu6n kern theo). Chinh vi th~, phM trien h~
di€u hanh rna ngu6n rna ta c6 the t~n d\lng dugc nhfrng cong ngh~ tien ti~n c6 s~n tren
th~ gi6i, cai ti~n cho phli hgp v6i nguai Vi~t Nam, di€u nay ti~t ki~m dugc relt nhi€u
cong suc so v6i vi~c phM trien tir d~u. Linux la mQt h~ di~u hanh rna ngu6n rna nhu
v~y, Linux c6 s~n ngon ngft ti~ng Vi~t, c6 dQ an toan cao thong qua ca ch~ phan quy~n
r5 rang va ch~t che. Ngoai ra, Hnh ~'ma" cling t(;lO nen S\l' an toan cao khi su d\lng
Linux vi n~u mQt 16 h6ng bao m~t belt ki dugc phM hi~n tren Linux thi n6 se dugc ca
cQng d6ng rna ngu6n rna cling sua va thu<'rng se dua ra ban va l6i mQt cach nhanh
ch6ng. Cac ban phan ph6i chu y~u cua Linux c6 the ke d~n nhu: Ubuntu, Debian, RedHat, Fedora, OpenSUSE, Mint, CentOS, Gentoo, Open Solaris ... 1.2.3. Cac h~ di~u himh dang sir d\mg phA bi~n t~i Vi~t Nam. T(;li Vi~t Nam hi~n nay, h~ di€u hanh may chu dugc su d\lng ph6 bi~n la
Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Microsoft Windows Server 2008. V6i may Hnh ca
OOan, h~ di€u hanh dugc su d\lng ph6 bi~n la Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft
Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows 7. V6i OOftng uu diem vugt trQi, d~ dang trong
thao tac va su d\lng da lam cho h~ di€u hanh nay tra nen quen thuQc v6i h~u h~t nguai
su d\lng t(;li Vi~t Nam. Microsoft Windows la ten cua cac dong ph~n mem h~ di~u hanh
dQc quy~n cua hang Microsoft, l~n d~u tien Microsoft gi6i thi~u mQt moi truang h~
di~u hanh mang ten Windows (Cua s6) vao thang 11 nam 1985 su d\lng giao di~n d6
hO(;l (Graphical User Interfaces, gQi t~t la GUI). Tir d6 d~n nay, Microsoft Windows
d~n d~n chi~m uu th~ trong thi tru<'rng may Hnh ca nhan tren toan th~ gi6i v6i s6 lugng
ban dugc cai d~t khoang 90% vao nam 2004. Windows la ph~n m€m ngu6n d6ng c6
ban quy~n do cong ty Microsoft gift va kiem soM vi~c phan ph6i. Vi ly ~o nay,
trong 1100 V\l'C h~ di€u hanh may Hnh ca nhan.
Microsoft dang c6 mQt vi tri dQc quy€n
Telt ca cac phien ban h~ di~u hanh g~n day cua h~ di€u hanh Windows d~u d\l'a tren S\l'
phM trien tir phien ban d~u tien. Ngoai cac phien ban h~ di€u hanh cua hang Microsoft
thi h~ di€u hanh rna ngu6n rna Ubuntu danh cho may Hnh ca nhan cling dang d~n tra
nen ph6 bi~n aVi~t Nam. 24 2. DE Ml)C 2: H~ di~u hanh Microsoft Windows XP. Sau khi ho~m thanh nQi dung nay, ngum sir d1}.ng nim dU'(!c: • Cach khai dQng, dang nh~p va thoat khoi h~ di~u hanh. • Cac khai ni~m v~ bieu tUQ'Ilg. • Thanh thvc dan (Start). • Thanh tac vv (Taskbar). • Cac tinh nang cua cua s6. • Cac tinh nang cua hQP hQi tho~i. Hang nghien clm thj truOng Net Applications da cong b6 bang phan tich thj
truOng h~ di~u hanh tren may tinh ca nhan. Theo do, velo thang 3/2011, h~ di~u hanh
Microsoft Windows 7 chi~m 24,17% thj phAn, Microsoft Windows Vista chi chi~m
10,56% thj phAn trong khi do Microsoft Windows XP chi~m d~n 54,39%. Trong khi
do, h~ di~u helnh tren may tinh ca nhan cua hang Apple vfin chua thvc sv ph6 bi~n khi
phien ban Mac as x (l0.6) chi chi~m mQt thj phAn kha khiem t6n 3,5%, cac h~ di~u
hanh khac nhau Linux va Unix chi~m 6,08%, con l~i 1,3% thi phAn thuQc v~ cac phien
ban cua cac hang khac nhau. Ui~u do chung to dng h~ di~u hanh Microsoft Windows
XP vfin dang dugc su dVng ph6 bi~n nhfrt hi~n nay tren may tinh ca nhan. H~ di€u helnh Microsoft Windows XP (vi~t tit la HUH Windows XP) lel mQt
dong h~ di€u helnh do hang Microsoft san xufrt danh cho cac may tinh ca nhan. HUH
Windows XP co giao di~n d6 h<,la (GUI - Graphics User Interface), dung, cac phAn tu
d6 hQa nhu bieu tugng (Icon), thvc don (Menu) vel hQp tho~i (Dialog) chua cac l~nh
cAn thvc hi~n. HUH Windows XP bao g6m cac phien ban sau: Starter: Phien ban rut gQn cac tinh nang cao dp, khong cAu ki v€ giao di~n, gQn nht;, hu6ng tai d6i tugng la ngum mai lam quen vai may vi tinh, ngum co thu nh~p thfrp. Home Basic: Lugc bo mQt s6 cac chuc nang giai tri nang cao (nhu Media Center) a ban Home Premium, thich hgp vai cac lo~i may tinh ca nhan, hu6ng tai
d6i tUQ'Ilg la ngmJi su dVng co muc thu nh~p trung binh. 25 ""-- Home Premium: Cac chuc nang giai tri, giao ti~p, k~t n6i a muc kha t6t, thich
hQ'P v6'i cac may tinh th~ h~ m6'i, may tinh ca nhan (PC), may tinh xach tay (Laptop),
huang t6'i nguai Slr dVng la cac hQ gia dinh, cong ty viTa va nho. Professional: T~p hQ'P dfty du cac chuc nang cua t~t ca cac phien ban tren cQng
l<.ti, giup nguai dung co dugc mQt suc m<.tnh toan di~n trong trao d6i thong tin va giai tri mQi luc mQi nai, huang t6'i cac ca nhan, t6 chuc mu6n co mQt giai phap trQn v«n
cho vi~c su dVng may vi tinh cua hQ. Cac chuc nang k~t n6i m<.tng van phong cling nhu
k~t n6i m<.tng dfty du, huang t6'i cac cong ty lan, nguai su dVng thuang xuyen lam vi~c
v6'i may vi tinh d~ trao d6i dfr li~u. 2.1. KhOi dQng, dang nh~p va thmit khoi HDH Windows XP. 2.1.1. KhOi dQng, dang nh~p vao HDH Windows XP: Nguai su dVng chi cftn
b~t cong t~c ngu6n (Power) thi h~ di~u hanh se tv dQng ch<.ty. Tuy thuQc vao cach cai
d~t, nguai su dVng co th~ phai go m~t khfiu (Password) d~ dang nh~p vao man hinh
lam vi~c (Desktop) cua HUH Windows XP. Hinh 30: Giao di¢n eking nh(ip HDH Windows XP. Sau khi dang nh~p, xu~t hi~n giao di~n HUH Windows XP Hinh 31: Giao di¢n chinh HDH Windows XP. 26 2.1.2. Thoat khoi HDH Windows XP. Computer. HQP thol;li Turn off computer xmit hi~n, g6m cac Iva ch9n sau: U€ thoat kh6i HUH Windows XP, nguai su d\,mg vito Start \ Turn Orf - Stand By: La ch€ dQ nghi cua may Hnh, gifr nguyen trl;lng thai lam vi~c hi~n tl;li Hinh 32: Hi)p thor;zi Turn offcomputer. - Turn Off: Thoat kh6i HUH Windows XP. - Restart: Kh6i dQng ll;li HUH Windows XP. .y Lrru y: Nen thoat kh6i cac chuang trinh (rng d\mg dang chl;ly tren may Hnh
tru6c khi thoat kh6i HUH Windows XP, n€u kh6ng co th€ gay mfrt dfr li~u hoi[Lc 16i cua may Hnh va co th€ quay tr6 ll;li mQt cach nhanh chong. 2.2. GiOi thi~u man hlnh n~n (Desktop). chuang trinh (rng d\mg dang thvc thi. Man hinh n~n (Desktop) bao g6m cac thanh phftn sau: Hinh 33: Giao di¢n man hinh n~n HDH Windows XP. ""-- 27 2.2.1. Cae bi~u hrQ11g (Icons): Lien k~t d~n cac chuang trinh thuOng dugc su dVng trong may tinh. - Bi€u ...;; tugng cua thu mvc: M<)t thu
mvc dugc h~ di~u hanh bi€u di€n b~ng
tugng
tugng. Hinh anh cua bi€u
m<)t bi€u la ttli h6 sa mau yang (New Folder) - Bi€u tugng cua l6i tat thu mvc ~ (Shortcut) co hinh anh la ttli h6 sa mau yang nhung co them hinh mlii ten goc duai ben trai. - Bi€u ;- tugng cua t~p tin: T~p tin
dugc h~ di~u hanh bi€u di~n b~ng m<)t
tugng. Hinh anh cua t~p tin r~t da
bi€u
dl,mg do m6i t~p tin chuang trinh co 1 bi€u tugng rieng. J:;I
~ - Bi€u tugng cua l6i t~t t~p tin
tugng cua t~p tin co (Shortcut) la bi€u them hinh miii ten goc duai ben trai. Co m{}t sB bi~u ttrQ'ng d~c bi~t cua HDH Windows XP nhtr: - My Document: La thu mvc m~c dinh rna HDH Windows XP cung c~p cho nguai dung d€ luu trfr tai li~u, t~p tin trong qua trinh lam vi~c. - My Computer: Chua cac tai nguyen va quan ly tai nguyen trong may tinh. - My Network Places: Chua cac tai nguyen dugc chia se tren ml;lng. - Recycle Bin: Luu trfr tl;lm thai cac dfr li~u dugc xoa. - Internet Explorer: Trinh duy~t Internet m~c dinh cua HDH Windows XP. 2.2.2. Thanh tac V\I (Taskbar). - La thanh n~m duai cung cua Hlnh 34: ChU'O'ng trinh dang th~fC thi tren h¢ diJu hanh. co th€
lam vi~c. man hinh n~n, chua cac bi€u
tugng
chuang trinh dang thgc thi tren h~ di~u
hanh. Tl;li m<)t thai di€m
co
nhi~u cua sf, dugc rna d€ 28 Hinh 35: Khay h~ thtmg. - Khay h~ th6ng: Chua biSu tUQTIg
cua cac chuang trinh trong bi) nh6 va
hiSn thi gia cua h~ th6ng. - Thanh thlJc dan Start + Nut ~ • __ •• m··~m ·. ._.w,·,·",_.····· " , .<.,_........ • ,.•wm--- »,.· .. ···········_ ,_.__ .,_._.~,, ".,,~~------_.•wf.w,;----·_--L]lr..·,.." __.. ..m····.·o····· eOffice dung rna thanh thlJc dan (Start) d~ khai dOng cac chuang
ep Set Program Access and Defaults ch Windows c;,talog Windows Update ~ !:rograms ~ Qocurnents 2,ettlogs ~ Sedr~h tie1p and Support Bun,,, ~og Off Nguyen rv1anh Tuyen ... Giao di¢n phai Giao di¢n trai Hinh 36: Giao di¢n thanh thl;l'C G(m Start. DS rna mi)t chuang trinh bi ~n trong menu Start, tuy thea cach d?t che dO hi~n
thi se co hai cach rna chuang trinh khac nhau, nguai su dl,mg vao m\lC All Programs
(d6i v6i giao di~n trai) ho?c Programs (d6i v6i giao di~n phai), a day se hiSn thi cac
chuang trinh da cai d?t tren may, nguai su d\lng co thS kich ch9n dS thlJc hi~n chuang
trinh. 2.2.3. Cifa sa.
M6i chuang trinh khi ch<;ty trong HUH Windows XP se duqc hiSn thi trong mOt
cua s6. Cua s6 nay la ph~n giao tiep gifra nguai su d\lng va chuang trinh. Nhay dup
chuOt trai len biSu tuqng chuang trinh mu6n su d\lng la thao tac Co' bim dS rna cua s6. 29 Thanh (Bng (\l (Tool Bar) , ! I ' ~ Fo!ders r .... Thanh Go cUQn .,.. Name 4 Vi dl) sau th~ hi~n vi~c rna cua s6 My Computer x
..-'-.............~'h FI",J --] Thanh menn ()Ienu bar) .-~.t' -"t~",........... ~ Y.P5P2 (C:)
+ ,,;. f"lllTll l {n,\ r:::h ~:l(~~:)
j; na;naTA 2 (E:)
r ~ ~~~~=erts ) ( ) ( l
! Hinh 37: Cua s6 My Computer. dQc - Thanh tieu d~: Chua bi~u tUQ11g clla thlJc dan (Menu) di~u khi~n kich thu6c cua s6, ten chuang trinh, cac nut thu nha, ph\)c h6i kich thu6c cua s6, nut dong cua s6. - Thanh thlJc dan (Menu bar): Cac cua s6 chuang trinh thubng co thanh thlJc dan (Menu) chua cac l~nh va duqc phan chia thea tung nhom chuc nang. Ngoai ra con
co Menu t~t (Shortcut Menu) khi nhay chuQt phai tren mQt d6i tUQ11g. Menu mlY chi
hi~n thi cac l~nh phu hqp v6i d6i tUQ11g n~m du6i con tra. - Thanh cong Cl) (Tools bar): Chua cac chuc nang duqc bi~u di~n dum dl;lng bi~u tuqng. - Thanh trl;lng thai (Status bar): Hi~n thi mo Ul v~ d6i tUQ11g dang tra ch9n hoi[Lc thong tin trl;lng thai dang lam vi~c. - Thanh cUQn d9C va ngang: Hi~n thi khi nQi dung khong hi~n d~y du trong cua s6. '-J Lu'u y: MQt s6 qui u6c khi su dl)ng thanh thlJc dan (Menu) Chung cho phep cUQn man hinh d~ xem nQi dung n~m ngoai dubng bien Clla cua s6. - L~nh bi rna: Khong th~ Ch9n tl;li thai di~m hi~n tl;li.
- L~nh co d&u >: Se rna tiep mQt hQP thOl;li.
- Ky tlJ gl;lch chan trong l~nh: La phim nong dung Ch9n l~nh b~ng ban phim.
- L~nh co d&u '-J: Dang co hi~u IlJc.
- Ch9n ml)C View tren thanh thlJc dan (Menu) d~ hi~n thi cac l~nh thay d6i hinh thuc hi~n thi cac d6i tUQ11g trong cua s6. 30 - Nhay chuQt trai vao rnl)C Detail d~ hi~n thi thong tin chi ti~t v~ cac d6i tUQ11g trong cua so. - ChQn View \ Status Bar d~ hi~n ho?c ~n thanh tn.mg thai.
- ChQn View \ Toolbars \ Standard Buttons d~ hi~n ~n thanh cong Cl) chu~n.
- Nhay chuQt phai vao rnQt d6i tUQ11g trong cua sf> d~ hi~n thvc don (Menu) t~t va chQn Properties d~ rna hQP tho~i chua cac thong tin chi ti~t v~ d6i tUQ11g. 2.2.4. HQp hQi tho~i. HQP hQi tho~i chua cac tac Vl), Iva chQn cua chuong trinh ling dl)ng. Vi dl) sau th~ hi~n vi~c rna hQp hQi tho~i thi~t I~p thuQc tinh Folder trong My Computer. Ta:sks
PrO'.oV:se folder'S
~1
Click items a:s follows () .5.ingle-c1ick to open an item (point to select) / (~) Q.ouble-c1ick to open an item (single-click to select) ,J [B~~t,qIyQ;y!;tY!\S Hinh 38: H9P h9i thoq.i Folder trong My Computer. 31 3. DE MlJC 3: Cac thao tac CO' ban Slf dl"lng Windows Explorer. Sau khi hoim thanh nQi dung nay, nglfOi Slf dl"lng nim dlfQ'C: • Cach khai d<)ng Windows Explorer. • Cach qm'm ly 6 rna cung. • Cach thao tac vai thu m\lc, t~p tin. • Cach tim ki~m Uli li~u, thu m\lc, t~p tin. Windows Explorer la chuang trinh co s~n trong h~ dieu hanh Windows XP,
cung d.p giao di~n db hQa cho phep qm'm ly cac tai nguyen tren may Hnh nhu 6 rna,
thu m\lC va t~p tin. 3.1. KhOi dQng Windows Explorer. Cach 1: Vao Start \ Accessories \ Windows Explorer. Cach 2: Nhay chu<)t phai vao nut Start sau do chQn Explorer d~ rna Windows Explorer. ..0 !,.ock Folder
IIadd to archive, , ,
II Add to "Start r""enu, rar"
11Compress and email, , ,
11 Compress to "Start Menu ~ rar" and email Solid Converter PDF '.,14 .. P[operties O~en All Users Eg.lore All Users Hlnh 39: KhiYi a{jng Windows Explorer. 32 " " ' - Cach 3: Nhay chuQt phai vaa bi~u tuqng My Computer sau do ch9n Explorer. E~lore TeraCopy ... Sl2.arch, ., Manage Map ~etwork Drive, ,, D~sconnect Network Drive. ,, Send To .. Create 2,hortcut Q.elete Rename P[operties Hinh 40: KhiJi a Cach 4: An t6 hgp phim WINDOW (Ill) + E tren ban phim may tinh. Cua s6 chuang trinh Windows Explorer XUlit hi~n ;]Go X AQdress <"" C:\
Folders p.9.~:~m:~:o.f~::~o.a:~~((!i.ig~j My Documents tj"Desktop
J
'::' eOffice Intel PDFToWordConverter Nguyen Manh Tuyen's Documents MI' Computer
+.j 3'Mioppy (A:)
f! ; , XPSP2 (C:)
.+. ,~ DATA 1(D:)
Ii ¥ DATA 2 (E:)
:£i .J. SSDG1391 (F:)
I {} Control Panel
ai. 8 Shared Documents
.+. Program Files t' ~ My Network Places
iJ Recycle Bin
1) i{""j New Folder Hinh 41: Cita s6 chuang trinh Windows Explorer. 33 ..... - Khung tnii chua ten cac 6 ilia va cac thu ml}c: + HUH Windows XP gan kY tl}' A, B cho cac 6 ilia m€m, ky tl}' C, D, ... cho cac IO'.li 6 rna logic khac. Vi dl}: (A:), (B:), (C:), (D:), ... + M6i 6 ilia tren may tinh d€u co mQt thu ml}c (Folder) chinh duqc gQi la
thu ml}C g6c chua cac t~p tin tren 6 ilia. U~ d~ dang cho vi~c qm'm ly cac
t~p tin, co th~ t'.lO them cac thu ml}c con khac, 16ng nhau, chua cac t~p tin thea tung chu d€ thea y mu6n. - Khung phai hi~n thi nQi dung cua ml}C duqc chQn tren khung trai: + Nhay chuQt chQn 6 ilia ben khung trai d~ hi~n nQi dung cua thu ml}C g6c ben khung phai. + Nhay chuQt vao ten thu ml}c ben khung trai d~ hi~n nQi dung cua thu ml}C do ben khung phai. - Thay d6i hinh thuc hi~n thi tren khung phai: Nguai su dl}ng chQn View va chQn mQt trong 5 hinh thuc hi~n thi: + Thumbnails: Thuang dung d~ xem tru6c file hinh.
+ Tiles: Hi~n cac t~p tin va cac thu ml}C con a d'.lng bi~u tuqng Ian.
+ Icons: Hi~n cac t~p tin va cac thu ml}C con ad'.lng bi~u tuqng nhc.
+ List: Hi~n cac t~p tin va cac thu ml}C con ad'.lng li~t ke danh sach.
+ Details: Li~t ke chi ti€t cac thong tin nhu ten (Name), ki~u (Type), kich thu6c lUll trG' (Size), ngay gia t'.lO hay sua (Modified). Ioolbars .. search Folders It;;I... status ~ar ~xplorer Bar .. Address tJ Go Tbumbnails x Folders p.Q~:0:m:~:6:~:~::~:6:a::~~~~!D.g~j Desktop .. !Fllel
Ico!J.s H: \,.ist .,~ I-="i
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va ch9n thir tlJ s~p x~p. Theo ten: Name, thea kich thu6c: Size, thea phfin rna r9ng:
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nay c6 hai lo~i 6 c(mg thong dt,mg d6 la Parallel ATA (gQi t~t la ATA) va Serial ATA
(gQi t~t la SATA). Tuy nhien cac lo~i 6 ATA thuemg chi d~ cung ct1p cho nhung may
c6 bo m~ch chu (Mainboard) cli, con cac bo m~ch chu mai d~u h6 trq 6 c(mg theo
giao ti€p SATA. 3.2.2. Phan VilDg 6 ma (Logic Disk): D~ d~ su dt,mg thi thuemg chia 6 ilia v~t ly thanh nhi~u 6 ilia logic, m6i 6 ilia
logic gQi la mQt phan vilng 6 ilia clrng (Partition), thong thuemg ky hi~u b~ng (C:),
(D:), (E:), ...tuy theo cach phan vung 6 ilia cua nguai su dl)ng. V6i m6i phan vung,
nguai su dl)ng c6 th~ dinh d~ng, truy xm1t rna khong imh hu6ng t6i phan vilng khac. 3.2.3. Hi~n thi danh sach 6 ma. D~ hi~n thi danh sach 6 ilia, nguai su d\mg chQn My Computer ben khung trai.
D~ xem dung luqng va kich thu6c con tr6ng tren ilia, nguai su dl)ng chQn ml)C View \ Details M,dress mGo x Type Total Size 31j,-Inc ... Local Disk 48.8 GB Name
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hay chia se file v6i nhi~u may tinh khac nhau rna doi hoi phai lUll l~i cac files t~m thai
(Temporary), luqc su (History), vv ... n€u d~ trong khming thai gian dai nhung files
nay se t6n rt1t nhi~u tai nguyen cua may tinh dfin d€n
lam ch~m h~ th6ng may tinh. D~
giai quy€t vt1n d~ nay, h~ di~u hanh cung ct1p tinh nang x6a cac files t~m tren may tinh. 36 - D~ th\fc hi~n, nguai sir d1)ng nhay chuQt phai vfw ten 6 Clmg (Hard Disk XPSP2 ~ ......~.... . .. Type: Local Disk File system: FAT32 47,665,020.928 bytes 44.3 GB 4,758,274.048 bytes 4.43 GB • Used space:
III Free space: Capacity: 52.423-294,976 bytes 48.8 GB DriveC Chile nang xoa file tt;lill Cancel Hinh 46: Xoa cac files tqm tren may tinh. - Nguai sir d1)ng nhay chuQt trai d~ danh d~u chQn cac lOi:li files c~n xoa ho~c b6 d~u chQn cac files kh6ng fiu6n xoa, sau do chQn OK. . You can use Disk Cleanup to Iree up to 156.438 KB of disk ~
~4tlP space onXPSP2 (Cl Eiles to delete: :.... : Downloaded Program Flies 0 KB
15-775 KB
357 KB
33-650KB
106,624 K •~ ~ Temporary Internet Files
o @ Offline Web Pages
o SG Office Setup Files
o ~ Old Chkdsk files 156.438K Total amount of disk space you gain: D e~:crlption Downloaded Program Files are ActiveX controls and Java applels
downloaded automatically from the Internet when you view certain
pages. They are temporarily stored in the Downloaded Program
Files folder on your hard disk. [ ... :0ew~ Hinh 47: Lva ch9n cac files can xoa. 37 3.3. Cac thao tac vo; thO' IDl}C va t~p tin. 3.3.1. Khai ni~ID thO' IDl}C, t~p tin. - Khai ni~m thu m\lc: + Thu m\lC duQ'c t~o ra dung d~ quim ly dfr li~u, t~p tin mQt cach h~ th6ng.
Ten clla thu m\lC dfti t6i da 255 ky tv, c6 ho~c khong chua khoimg tr~ng, \ " . k' t d~ b' ~t h ? , / kh ~ h'
ong C ua cac y V ~C It; n u: .,., , , ,>, < ,... + M6i 6 rna chi c6 mQt thu m\lc g6c, ky hi~u b~ng ddu "\". Vi d\l: C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office thi C:\ 1ft thu m\lC g6c. + MQt thu m\lC c6 th~ chua vo s6 t~p tin vft cac thu m\lc khac gQi 1ft thu
m\lC con, m6i thu m\lC con l~i chua cac thu m\lC con khac duQ'c gQi 1ft cay thu m\lc. - Khai ni~m t~p tin: + T~p tin (File): Lft mQt t~p hQ'P clla thong tin duQ'c d~t ten. Thong thuOng
thi cac t~p tin nfty chua trong cac thiet bi luu trfr nhu rna cung,
CD, DVD, USB, vv ... N6i cach khac, t~p tin 1ft mQt day cac bit c6 ten vft
duQ'c chua trong cac thiet bi luu tm dfr li~u ky thu~t s6. + Ten clla t~p tin g6m hai phfin: Phfin ten (duQ'c d~t gi6ng nhu ten thu
m\lc), phfin rna rQng (phfin duoi): chua t6i da 3 ky tv, phfin rna rQng clla
t~p tin cho biet lo~i t~p tin d6. Vi d\l: DOC, TXT, PDF 1ft phfin rna rQng
clla t~p tin van ban'; EXE, COM 1ft phfin rna rQng clla t~p tin chuong
trinh; BMP, GIF, JPG 1ft phfin rna rQng Clla t~p tin hinh anh; MP3,
MP4, DAT 1ft phfin rna rQng clla t~p tin am thanh, hinh anh. 3.3.2. T~o thO' IDl}C, t~p tin. - T~o thu m\lc: + Cach 1: Nhay chUQt phai vfto nm cfin t~o thu m\lC sau d6 chQn New \ Folder. yiew .. Arrange Icons By
Rtfresh ~aste f • Pt:.operties a ~hort(ut ~ Briefcase
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wi WinRAR archive
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liIn WinRAR ZIP archive Hinh 48: Tt;lo thu m1;lc maio 38 + Cach 2: Vao File \ New \ Folder ho~c ch9n Make a new Folder ben
khung trai. M<)t thu mvc mO'i xuftt hi~n vO'i ten m~c dinh la New Folder,
go ten thu mvc mO'i (n~u mu6n) va ftn phim Enter. ~dit ~Jew F£vorites 10015 f'.JekY, .. fa ;2.hortcut _ Briefcase
lty Bitmap Image Hinh 49: Tqo thu ml}C mai. - T~o t~p tin: Cach lam tuong tv nhu t~o thu mvc mO'i.
-V Luu y: Ten thu mvc, t~p tin nen d~t de nhO', co thS thea chuyen mvc, thai gian, 3.3.3. T~o bi~u tUq'ng dU'Crng din t~t (shortcut). Shortcut la m<)t file lien k~t d~n m<)t d6i tuqng tren may tinh hay tren m~ng. U6i
tuqng do co thS la t~p tin, thu mvc, 6 rna, may in, vv... Shortcut la cach nhanh nhftt dS
khai d<)ng m<)t chuang trinh duqc su dVng thuang xuyen ho~c dS rna t~p tin, thu mvc
rna khong cfrn phai tim d~n nai luu trfr chung. - T~o shortcut cho thu mvc: + Nhay chu<)t phai vao thu mvc mu6n t~o shortcut sau do ch9n Create Shortcut n~u mu6n t~o shortcut ngay trong thu mvc dang rna. mIJl
E:gJlore Qpen TeraCopy ...
Starch ... ., Seo.d To Cut ~opy ~aste cwreate atrorfctlt
Q.elete Rename Pr.operties Hinh 50: Tqo shortcut cho thu ml}c. khong nen go co dftu dS thu~n lqi cho vi~c qwin ly thu mvc, t~p tin. - 39 E~lore Qpen TeraCopy ... S~arch... JJ) !:.ock Folder Sb.aring and Security ... • 8.dd to archive ...
• Add ~o IUniKey.rar" • Compress and email ... • Compress to IUniKey.rar" and email K Scan for :tiruses Solid Converter PDF v4 .. Send To .. i1J Compressed (zipped) Folder Cu~ ~opy ~aste My Documents Create :2.hortcut ((; eOffice Q.elete ~ MediaInfo Renam.e '-~ 3 1h Floppy (A:) Pr.operties SSDG1391 (F:) Hlnh 51: Tqo shortcut tren mcm hlnh nJn (Desktop). - T~o shortcut cho t~p tin: Cach lam tuang t\1' nhu t~o shortcut cho thu m\lc. Neu mu6n chQn thu m\lC, t~p tin thi nguai Slr dl;lng nhay chuQt trai vao thu ml;lc,
t~p tin dn chQn. N~u mu6n chQn nhieu thu m\lc, t~p tin dung each quang nhau thi
nguai Slr dl;lng gifr phim Ctrl trong luc nhay chuQt trai d~ chQn thu ml;lc, t~p tin. Con
n~u mu6n chQn nhieu thu m\lC, t~p tin dung c~nh nhau thi nguai Slr d\lng gifr phim 40 ... Search t AQ.dress ';4> C:\ Go X A Folders
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1>1 Hinh 54: Ch9n nhiJu thu m'?lC liJn nhau. 3.3.5. Mer thO' ml}c, t~p tin. - Co 3 cach d~ rna thu mvc: + Cach 1: Nhay dup chuQt tnii V<'l0 thu mvc can rna.
+ Cach 2: Nhay chUQt phai vao thu mvc can rna ch<)n Open.
+ Cach 3: Nhay chUQt trai vao thu mvc can rna sau do fm phim Enter. - Co 3 cach d~ rna t~p tin -'"' + Cach 1: Nhay dup chuQt trai vao t~p tin can rna.
+ Cach 2: Nhay chUQt phai vao t~p tin can rna sau do ch<)n Open' n€u dil
dang ky dinh d(;lng cua t~p tin v6i h~ di€u ~anh hoc)c ch<)n Open With d~
rna theo sv Iva ch<)n chuang trinh. + Cach 3: Nhay chUQt trai vao t~p tin can rna sau do an phim Enter. 3.3.6. Dai ten thO' ml}c, t~p tin. - U6i ten thu mvc: + Cach 1: Nhay chUQt phai vao thu mvc can d6i ten sau do ch<)n Rename, ngmJi Slr dVng go ten m6i vao thu mvc sau do an phim Enter. 42 mnJ
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S~arch". .0 !,.ock Folder Snaring and Security, ,. • 8.dd to archive" . • Add to "UniKey,rar" .Compress and email .. , .Compress to "UniKey.rar" and email K Scan for ~iruses ~ Solid Converter PDF v4 ~ Seo.d To Cut s:;.opy [:aste Create dhortcut Qelete Rename Pr.operties Hinh 55: D8i ten thu m1,ic. + Cach 2: Nhay chuQt trai vao thu m\lc mu6n d6i ten sau do ~n phim F2 tren ban phim, nguai su d\lng go ten m6'i vao thu m\lc r6i k phim Enter. - U6i ten t~p tin: Cach lam tuang t\!' nhu d6i ten thu m\lc. 3.3.7. Di chuy~n thO' m1}c, t~p tin. - Nhay chuQt trai vao thu m\lC, t~p tin mu6n di chuy~n. - Vao Edit \ Move To Folder... ho~c Ch9n Move this file ho~c Move this folder ben khung trai. Ctrl+X o Cut ~opy Ctrl+C Agdre ~GO =A PDFToWordC onverter Folde!
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£ iL':l Nguyen Manh Tuyen's Documents
tlf:l M'I Fo.lo=ohJ..........L- 01 ::''-'''''' :>' '( Hinh 56: L~ra ch(m Move To Folder. 43 - Cua so Move Items xu~t hi~n. Trang h<)p tho~i nay, nhay chu<)t trai ch<)n thu fiVC, t~p tin fiu6n chuy~n den, sau d6 nhay ch<)n Move. select the place where you want to move 'New Folder'.
Then click the Move button, My Documents My Computer
'Ii ..~ 3 112 Floppy (A:)
it ;-#If' XPSP2 (C:)
Ct' "-#If' DATA 1 (D:) ~
[£ to Backup I ,~:_~:':_';l..... '7 To view any subfolders, click a plus sign above. Move I M.ake New Folder l I t. Cancel 3.3.8. Sao chep thtl' m1.J.c, t~p tin. - Cach 1: Nhay chu<)t phai vao thu fiVC, t~p tin dn sao chep sau d6 ch<)n Copy, di chuySn d~n nai dn dS thu fiVC, t~p tin df! sao chep, nhay chu<)t phai ch<)n Paste. - Cach 2: Nhay chu<)t trai vito thu fiVC, t~p tin c~n sao chep, nguoi su dvng lin
t6 hQ'P phifi Ctrl + C tren ban phifi, di chuySn den nai dn dS thu fiVC, t~p tin df! sao
chep, lin t6 hQ'P phifi Ctrl +V dS tien hanh sao chep. - Cach 3: Vao Edit \ Copy To Folder...hay ch<)n Copy this file ho~c Copy this folder. Search cut ctrl+X s;.opy CtrJ+C AQdre' Easte ctrl+v Folder Paste 2,horteut PDFToWordConverter ' ;.±' ~
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.f: ,.'oJ Nguyen Manh Tuyen's Documents Hinh 57: Di chuyin thu ml,/C, t¢p tin. Hinh 58: LlfQ ch(Jn Copy To Folder. 44 - HQP tho~i Copy Items xufrt hi~n. Trong hQP tho~i nay, nguai su d\mg ch<;>n nai d€ thu ml)C, t~p tin da: sao chep sau do chQn Copy. Select the place where you want to copy 'New Folder'. Then
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f±l iO 3-2 To view any subfolders, click a plus sign above, [. Cancel [ Make New F~lder I Hinh 59: Sao chip thu ml!c, t¢p tin. 3.3.9. Chia se thrr m1Jc. - Trong qua trinh Slr dl)ng may tinh, co th€ nguai su dl)ng d.n chia se t~p tin van
bim, t~p tin anh, t~p tin nh~c, thu ml)c chua dfr li~u,vv ...vai cac may tinh khac trong
m~ng nQi bQ. U€ chia se dfr li~u trong m~ng nQi bQ, nguai su dl)ng co th€ Slr dl)ng tinh
nang chia se (Share) cua HUH Windows XP, cac buac th\lc hi~n nhu sau: - Nhay chuQt trai vao My Computer. - Vao Tools \ Folder Options... E1!5laer ~tlCins ••• Desktop J',31f2 Floppy (A:)
~XPSP2 (c:) My Documents ~±' .w, ~DATA 1 (D:) ~DATA 2 (E:)
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±' ;"" DATA 2 (E:) I> Hinh 60: LVa ch9n Folder Options .... 45 - - Trong hQp tho~i Folder Options, nguai Slr d\lng chQn the View, keo thanh cUQn Folder '',''ie\'\'~:,: You can apply the VieW (such as Details or Tiles] that
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{£.ill I Apply to AJI Folders J I Reset All Folders.l Advanced sellings: ... OL~~~~hfolder windows in a separale process
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C Show both parts but manage as a single file o Remember each folder's view sellings
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o Use Simple file ihatll1g (Recommended) I Restore Q.efaults ffinh 61: H(Jp thogi Folder Options. xU6ng du6i cung, chQn Use simple file sharing (Recommended) va chQn OK. Sharing and Security... Sharing and SeClJt'jty •• , ~B.dd to archive."
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N~vx;lk ?hanng ,9tKl $'ecl..fiity A~ ~ ~~rt\V mea$lJ!'~ WIndOWS h.as disabled Iemote
aCC~tS t{l Uis compulei. However. yOu Olin 6tlabl~
remote acce!;s arld safely share files by M-Ining the
N~l~\'Olk Se:tup \V'iztlld. !ill;twllt'lderHaOO lhe tecMJrtv If?t;$ b!J wan.\ 10 m~e
iiles wilhout IUflning the wizald. click hel!e_ LeafJi more about ;t!ar!:la.arpd reed. r Cantel Hinh 63: H6p h6i thot;li thiit 19p chia se. - N~u tinh nang chia se bin dc1u tien duQ'c su d\mg tren may tinh, h<)p tho?i m6i
xuch hi~n, nguai su dVng bc1m V~lO dong If you understand the security risks but
want to share files without running the wizard, click here. N~u tinh nang chia se dff
timg duQ'c su dVng, nguai su dVng co th~ b6 qua bu6c nay. i} If you enable sharing on this computer without using the ~~etwork Setup Wizard, the computer could be -vulnerable to attacks from
the Internet. We strongly recommend that you run the Network
Setup Wizard to protect your computer.
C) Use the wizard to enable file sharing [Recommended]
(£) P.:~:?L~ii~~i~}!i~::?b~!I6i~ OK Cancel ~ [ Hinh 64: Cua s6 Enable File Sharing. - eua s6 Enable File Sharing xuc1t hi~n, ch<)n Just enable file sharing \ OK. - Trang hQp tho?i m6i xuc1t hi~n, nhay chu<)t trai ch<)n Share this folder on the 47 Local sh.Oiring and ~;ecurity To share this folder with other users of this computer
only. drag it to the Shared Documents folder. To make this folder and its subfolders private so that
only you have access, select the following check box. Network sh.~ring and secwity To share this folder with both network users and other
users of this computer, select the first check box below
and type a share name.
Q '
.
~~Share this folder on the network!
.............................................................................. Sbare name: Learn o Allo!t1 network users to change my files Learn more about sharing and security. J; Windows Firewall is configured to allow this folder to be shared with other computers on the network. View your Windows Firewall settings Hinh 65: Kich hogt tinh nang chia Sf!. -'./ Luu y: + Nguai su d\mg kh6ng th~ chia se fuu mvc qua ml;lI1g n~u dang nh~p b~ng tai
khm'm Guest (Ia tai khoim dung chung do h~ di~u hanh t~o sAn nh~m cho
phep belt kY nguai su dVng nao cling co th~ troy c~p va su dVng may tinh).
+ Nguai su dVng kh6ng th~ chia se cac thu mvc Desktop, Favorites va
My Documents (n~m trong thu mvc C:\Documents and Settings\{Ten
tai khmin}). + Khi chia se dfr li~u trong m~ng nQi bQ, dfr li~u duqc chia se co th~ bi
thay d6i (sua, xoa, ... ) boi nhfrng nguai dung khac n~u nguai su dVng h.ra
Ch9n Allow network users to change my files. - Troy c~p vao thu mvc dff duqc chia se: f)~ troy c~p vao cac thu mvc dff chia se
trong m~ng, nguai su dVng nhay dup chuQt trai vao bi~u tuqng My Network Places,
xUelt hi~n cua s6 hi~n thi cac lien k~t d~n cac may tinh, may in, file, thu mvc va cac tai
nguyen dung chung khac tren m~ng. Nguai su dVng co th~ gui va nh~n dfr li~u tu cac may khac tren m~ng. 48 -- Folders I~; §I· VI f] Go Local Network Templates on Giang :,.)__w ~) Users on Tuyen-pc ~ Add a network place
fC, View net\oI,'ork
•.' connections
9 Set up a home or small
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~ Set up a wireless S;;;;. network for a home or
small office Tet 2012 on Nmtuyen_tttt ~.) -..,jOt View workgroup
computers
.~. Show icons for thang 32011 on luan networked UPnP
devices :-) (Buitienluan_ttt) ;,,;.# v Hinh 66: Truy CrlP thu m'{Jc ail au(J'c chia se. 3.3.10. Nen thO' m\lc, t~p tin. N~u dung lUQTlg thu ml,lC, t~p tin 100 thi ngmJi Slr dl,lng co th€ Slr dl,lng chuong trinh
nen dfr li~u giup cho dung lUQTlg cua thu ml,lC, t~p tin 000 di. Hi~n nay co OOi€u ph~n
m€m h6 trQ' cho vi~c nay nhu: Winzar, Winzip, vv ... 3.3.11. X6a thO' m\lc, t~p tin. Khi xoa thu ml,lc hay t~p tin trong 6 rna cling, H~ di€u hanh se di chuy€n thu ml)C
do VaG Recycle Bin. Day la thu ml,lC cua H~ di€u hfmh dung d€ chua cac dfr li~u bi xoa.
NgmJi Slr dl,lng co th~ rna thu ml,lC nay d~ phl,lc h6i l~i ho~c xoa hfu1 kho~ 6 rna cling.
N~u xoa dfr li~u tren thi~t bi luu trfr ngoai (USB, 6 cung di d9ng, vv ... ) thi dfr li~u bi
xoa se khong duQ'c chuy~n vao Recycle Bin. D€ xoa thu ml,lc, t~p tin ngmJi Slr dl,lng lam nhu sau: - Nhay chU9t trai VaG thu ml,lC, t~p tin c~n xoa. - each 1: Vao File \ Delete ho~c ch9n ml,lc Delete this file hay Delete this folder. 49 Edit View Favorites Tools Help . '_A'<_A_A_A::-~'_" • " " 'W ".~::. ",,,w._wm~.:- •
. . "":"._...•".• _A"':::::A'A' E~lore Folders fITIj • Qpen TeraCopy .. ,
S~arch .. , ; ,,0 ~ock Folder Documents Sb.aring and Security. ,. ~add to archive."
~Add to "UniKey.rar"
~Compress and email.. ,
~Compress to "UniKey.rar" and email K Scan for 1'.iruses ~ Solid Converter PDF v4 ~ Seo.d To ~ Ne't!. ~ Solid Converter PDF v4 Create 2hortcut Q.elete Rename P[operties •. . . . • • . •m .m_ • • . . . . . . . . . . . .
:s ~ XPSP2 (C:) !:;.Iose Hinh 67: X6a thu m1:1c. - each 2: Nhay chU9t phai vao thu tn\)C, t~p tin d.n xoa \ Delete. E~lore Qpen TeraCopy " . S~arch ... ,~ hock Folder Sb.aring and Security, , . _add to archive", _Add to "UniKey,rar" f5iCompress and email. ..
f5iCompress to "UniKey,rar" a~d email K Scan for ~iruses ~ Solid Converter PDF v4 ~ Send To Cut !:;.opy ~aste Create 2hortcut Q.elete Rename Hinh 68: X6a thu m1:1c. 50 - Hi~n thi Clla s6 xac nh~n xoa, nguai su d\lng chon Yes d~ thvc hi~n hOZlC chon No n€u kh6ng mu6n xoa. Are you sure you want to remove the folder 'UniKey' and move all its
contents to the Recycle Bin? ,,) ,,~o r··········y·~~ ...m·· ..·...1 ~... Hinh 69: Cua sa xac nh4n xoa dfr li?u.
~ Lrru y: f)~ xoa h~n thu m\lc, t~p tin ma kh6ng mu6n luu trlt tren thimg rac,
nguai su d\lng gilt phim Shift trong khi xoa. Co th~ ph\lc h6i l~i ngay sau khi xoa thu
m\lC, t~p tin b~ng cach nhay chuQt phili vao vung tr6ng ben khung phai va chon m\lC
Undo Delete (Ctrl + Z). 3.3.12. Ph\lc h8i thrr m\lc, t~p tin. - Khi xoa thu m\lC, t~p tin trong 6 ilia Clrng, H~ di~u hanh se di chuy~n thu m\lc,
t~p tin da xoa vao Recycle Bin. Nguai su d\lng co th~ ma thu m\lC nay d~ ph\lc h6i l~i
hOZlC xoa h~n khai ilia Clrng. - f)~ ph\lc h6i l~i thu m\lc, t~p tin vua xoa, nhay chuQt trai vao thu m\lC, t~p tin
mu6n ph\lc h6i sau do chon Restore this item tren m\lC Recycle Bin Tasks hOZlC nhay
chUQt phili vao thu m\lC, t~p tin d.n ph\lc h6i sau do chon Restore. Thu m\lc, t~p tin
duQ'c ph\lc h6i se tra l~i dung vi tri ban dau tru6c khi xoa. Folders CTIJ T RlGO Cut 'IIIIDImm! Qelete P[operties @ Desktop
D r'-'1y Documents
'J ~'ly Computer
"'...i r'-'1y Network Places Hznh 70: Cua sa ph¥c h6i thu m¥c, t?P tin. 51 3.4. Cac thao tac khac. 3.4.1. Xem thong tin thtr m\lc, t~p tin. f)~ xem thong tin (thuQc tiOO) cua thu m\lC, t~p tin, nguai sir d\mg OOay chuQt phai vaa thu m\lc, t~p tin dn xem thong tin sau d6 ch9n Properties. Folder Type: File Folder Location: C:\Documents and Settings\Root\Desktop Size: 0 bytes 0 bytes Size on disk: Contains: 0 Files, 0 Folders Created: Yesterday. February Os. 2012, 11 :44:20 PM Attributes ooB:~ia:ll.~~ D!:!idden o Archjve DK New Text Document.txt Type of file: Text Document Opens with: Notepad C:\Documents and Settings\Root\Desktop Location: Size: 0 bytes 0 bytes Size on disk: Created: 'lesterday, February 03, 2012, 11 :52:34 PI"! 'lesterday, February 03, 2012, 11 :52:36 PI'" Modified: Accessed: 'Iesterday, February 08, 2012 Attributes: !2lArchlve D B.~~+?~i;i D t:!idden Hinh 71: Xem thong tin clla thu m7!-c. Hinh 72: Xem thong tin clla t?P tin. 52 - Dfr li~u tren 6 rna c(mg ngay m<)t nhiSu len, d€ nhanh chong tim ra dfr li~u cfrn
tim, HDH Windows XP h6 trq cong Cl,l tim kiem giup nguai Slr dl,lng thlJc hi~n duqc diSu do. - D€ tim kiem thu ml,lc, t~p tin, nguai Slr dl,lng lam nhu sau:
+ Nhay chu<)t trai vao nut Search tren thanh cong Cl,l. ~dit ~iew tile Fgvorites 100ls !jelp Back ~ Folders I:;~ I
~ AQdress C:\ Folders Documents and Settings Desktop Chu'c nang
tim ki~m tt:
My Documents
8 .~ My Computer Program Files [f::. 31h Floppy (A:)
Ei ;~ XPSP2 (C:) ffinh 73: Kich hogt chuc nang tim kiim. + Sau khi ch9n xufit hi~n h<)p tho~i: 1 3.4.2. Tim ki~m (Search) thO' m\lc, t~p tin. ;] ~EiS:~:~:~:~:~;:::~:~:~!S~::9.~::~:(~:~:q]
~ DQ.cuments (word processing} spreadsheet} etc.)
;J All files and folders
;J ~omputers or people ~ Information in Help and Support Center You may also want to. , , _~ 2.earch the Internet o Change preferences ffinh 74: L1!a chr;m tim kdm theo chit ill 53 + Nhay chuQl tnli ch9n ml)c All files and folders d~ tim tfit ca. ...,
I I below. • •: " .• • • • • • . • • . • > • • • • • • • " . . . . " . the file na..m.,ew All or part r Search by any or all or the criteria
"
iI A !CLord or phrase in the file: in: .~ XPSP2 (C:) When was it modified? :::::: What size is it? :::::: More advanced options :::::: ~ack Hinh 75: H(Jp thogi tim kitm. + N~u mu6n tim thea ten thu ml)c, t~p tin, go vao dfiy du hay mQt phfin cua ten thu ml)c, t~p tin d6 trong hQp All or part of file name. + N~u mu6n tim trong nQi dung thu ml)c, t~p tin go vao mQt tir hay mQt cl)m tir d~i di~n cfin tim trong hQp A word or phrase in the file. . + C6 th~ chi ra neri cfin tim b~ng cach nhay chuQt trai vao mlii ten hU6ng xu6ng trong hQP Look in, sau d6 ch9n 6 rna hay thu ml)c. + Nhay chuQt trai vao nut Search d~ thl)'c hi~n vi~c tim ki~m. K~t qua tim
ki~m se hi~n ben khung phai. N~u c6 nhi~u thu ml)c, t~p tin dugc tim th.1y,
c6 th~ Slr dl)ng nhUng di~u ki~n b6 sung d~ 19c ra nhUng t~p tin dn thi~t. 54 4. DE MTJC 4: Trinh di~u khi~n (Control Panel). Sau khi hoim thanh nQi dung nay, ngrrOi sir d\lng nim dU'Q'c: • Cach kh&i dl)ng trinh di~u khi~n Control Panel. • Cach c~u di}.t va lo~i b6 chuang trinh. • Cach di}.t thul)c Hnh ngay, gia cho may Hnh. • Cach thi~t l~p thul)c Hnh hi~n thi cho man hinh. • Cach thi~t l~p thul)c Hnh ph6ng chit. • Cach thi~t l~p thul)c Hnh ban phim, chul)t, am thanh. • Cach k~t n6i m~ng, may in. • Cach qmin ly tai khmin may Hnh. Control Panella chuang trinh cho phep thi~t l~p du hinh h~ th6ng, thay d6i hinh
thuc cua h~ di~u hanh Microsoft Windows XP, thay d6i m6i tnrang lam vi~c cho thich h9'P vai nguai su d\mg. 4.1. KhOi dQng chrrO'ng trinh. D~ kh&i dl)ng chuang trinh Control Panel, nguai su d\mg vao Start \ Control
Panel, sau d6 xu~t hi~n cua s6 &ch~ dl) Category View, d~ troy c~p t~t ca cac c6ng C\l
cua bang di~u khi~n, nguai su d\lng chuy~n sang ch~ dl) Classic View. ~dit Eile Fg.... oril:e~ t:!.elp lools :ilew .WL
-4t folders Search ,t 55 Hinh 76: chi iff) Category View. l7a_r,edl"'llt.,IIr'",,,lt,__iIJ !jelp 1001, ~dl: F~vor'e, !1ieW Ele ,t Search Folders ~ ... .f}
)' / ,-' 1:) I] Go
A:J
_., ~ Display ~ ~
""' Add or MMstrative AitOOlabc Date and Tlllle
Remo" ... l\ldale, :AccessibilitY] Add Hardware
:_~t~_l ':;'1
,-Y g iGJ 1;
Too,
A ~
~ Ei f Fonts Java Flash Player Folder ~ons lfJlel(R)GMA
Driver Gcnle
CortIo"e" Internet
~"'" ~ ~~: • j\
\~ Mouse Keyboard .:
~ ~ ~ Wizard Devices Network Network Setup Phone acd Portable Media P""" Options
Modem ... Connections .~ '.' 4:1] -::j I Pnnters and
Faxes Security
Center Sounds and
Audio Devices Cameras J
ScheoiJed
Tasks RealtekHD RelJlona and Scamers and
language ...
Sollld Eff... ? <,;~ ~ Ii ~ .\ e ~
... Systeon Speech Taskbar and User ACCOlf"lts Windows
CardSpace
Start Menu ll'irdows
Firewall Wireless
Network Set... Hinh 77: chi ife) Classic View. 4.2. Cai d~t va lo~i be> chmmg trinh (Add or Remove programs). Add or Remove programs la tinh nang cho phep cai d~t chucmg trinh m6i, IOC;li b6 ho~c them b61 thanh ph~n chuang trinh duqc cai d~t tren h~ dieu hanh. De cai d~t va IOC;li b6 chucmg trinh, nhay dup chuQt trai vaG bieu tuqng Add or Remove programs trong Control Panel. Cai d~t ho~c go b6 chuang tfinh v IDGO ~~ <.;;7
Accessibility
Options .-\,~~
\~~ ~ Administrative
Tools Automatic Date and Time
Updates -II t .....-· PJ Display Flash Player Folder Options Hinh 78: Tinh nang cai ifijt va gi5' b6 chuang trinh. 56 Sau khi Iva chQn xmlt hi~n cua s6 m&i cho phep thay d6i, gO' b6 chuang trinh.
Nguai su d\lng nhay chuQt trai vao m\lc Change or Remove Programs sau do chQn
chuang trinh dn gO' b6 r6i chQn Remove Size 13.47MB Components ,:~;' UniKey 4,0 NT Size 0,97MB :~ Uninstall LAC VIET mtd2002-EVA Size 147.00MB (j) Unlocker 1. 9, 1 Size 0,38MB VMware Workstation Size 1) 176.00MB Set PrQ.gram
Access and
Defaults Windows Installer 3.1 (KB893803) 3.61MB ., Size
. ffinh 79: Cua s6 cai a(It va gO' b6 chuang trinh. 4.3. ThuQc tinh ngay, girr clla may tinh (Date & Time). D~ thiSt I~p thuQc tinh ngay, gia cua may tinh, nhay dup chuQt trai vao bi~u tUQ'ng Date and Time trong Control Panel. Folders [IT) • ;lGo' Thu9C tinh
ngay, gi& ~ Accessibility Add Har Add or
Remov ... Options Automatic
Updates 1ft D Display Flash Player Folder Options . : ; . . A _~>.. A ffinh 80: Thu9C tinh ngay va gia. 57 Sau khi eh<.m xUfrt hi~n eua s6 m6i, nguai su dVng Iva eh<.m the Date & Time, the nay eho phep tuy ehinh ngay, thing, nam, gia. Q.ate lime ... ty' 2012 \. .~ • 4 2 1 9 8 3
7
5
10 11 12 [Il 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 9 :37:57 AM Current time zone: SE Asia Standard Time , _.. , [ Cancel Hinh 81: Thiit ltjp ngay va gia. The Time Zone: eho phep tuy ehinh theo mlii gia, d6i v6i Vi~t Nam nguai su dVng ehQn thea mlii gia (GMT+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta. Hinh 82: Tinh nang Time Zone. 58 :
6 f)~ thi~t l~p cac thu<)c tinh hi~n thi cua man hinh, nhay dup chu<)t trai vao bi~u tm;mg Display trang Control Panel. Folders . r:":':"I. ' . ' •~ Accessibility Add Hardware Add or
Remov ... Options Automatic Date and Time
Updates ua. '"
D --.J) Flash Player Folder Options 'v ,- ffinh 83: ThuQc tinh hiin thi. Sau khi hJa ch9n xu~t hi~n h<)p tho~i mai g6m cae the sau: - Trang h<)p tho~i Display Properties, nguo-i sir d\mg ch9n the Themes. A theme is a background plus a set of sounds. icons, and other elements
to help you personalize your computer with one click. lheme: v [ Save As... ~xt" .' Sample: OK 1r=c~ [ e,plJiLJ Hinh 84: Thay i16i kiiu dang cua s6. 59 - Nguai Slr d\lng ch9n mili ten huang xu6ng du6'i trong danh sach Theme, ch9n kh~u b~t ky thea y mu6n. - Nguai Slr d\lng ch9n Apply ho~c OK de xac nh~n. 4.4.2. Thay d&i hlnh n~n Desktop. - Trong h<)p tho~i Display Properties, nguai su d\lng ch9n the Desktop.
- Trong danh sach Background, nguai Slr d\lng ch9n imh n~n su d\lng.
- Trong m\lC Position, nhay mili ten huang xu6ng du6'i ch9n Center, Tile hay Strech de dinh vi hinh tren Desktop. + Center: Tranh n~n diI to hay nho d~u dugc d~t chinh gifra man hinh.
+ Tile: Tranh n~n n~u la m<)t hinh hoa van nho se dugc l~p l~i cho d~n khi che kin h~t man hinh. + Stretch: Tranh n~n se dugc co gHin sao cho vira che kin h~t man hinh. - Nguai su d\lng ch9n Apply ho~c OK de xac nh~n. Themes Desktop ~~cr:.:n Sav~JLAp~El~ra':l..~:lL~:ttings_~.~~~_..•• Baclsground: h [ Browse.. .] Customize Qesklop...j [ OK J [ Cancel, I[ Apply Hinh 85: Thay il6i hinh nJn Desktop. 4.4.3. Thi~t l~p chlf - Trong h<)p tho~i Display Properties, nguai Slr d\lng ch9n the Screen Saver. - Nhay mili ten huang xu6ng trong danh sach Screen saver, nguai Slr d\lng ch9n chuang trinh bao v~ thich Slr d\lng. Ch9n Preview de xem tru6'c Screen saver nay.
- Trong h<)p Wait, nguai Slr d\lng dinh thai gian xu~t hi~n Screen saver.
- Nguai Slr d\lng ch9n Apply ho~c OK de xac nh~n. 60 Display Properties Themes dcreeti saver .~ _ " " ' , , ,_,_,_~,_~_ A_r,,~ , ,~ I,klindfJws XR._::~m [Se!tings 1r Preyiew Yiait: . 30'" minutes 0 On resume, ];!assword protect Monitor power To adjust monitor power settings and save energy,
click Power. P.Qwer... ) Bppl!l OK ( l [ Cancel] ( ffinh 86: Thu(Jc tinh baa v¢ mim hinh. Folders ITTIJ ~ ;)GO Administrative
Tools Automatic Date and Time
Updates /
e--J r.t Display Flash Player Folder Options ~ II !ill Game
Controllers Intel(R) GMA
Driver v Internet Java KeYboard Hinh 87: Thu(Jc tinh ph6ng chit. 61 Sau khi h.ra Ch9n xu~t hi~n clra s6 mai m~ - - 'A .VnArial Bold
Italic (Tru... .VnArial Italic
(TrueType) .VnArial
Narrow ( ... .VnAristote
Medium ... .VnTime
(TrueType) r···:·;;iriAri:3i··..·j
1~!.~~~!.y.p.~t .VnTimeH
(TrueType) .VnTimeH Bold .VnTimeH Bold
Italic (True ... (TrueType) .VnTime Bold
Italic (Tru ... .VnTime Italic
(TrueType) .VnTime Bold
(TrueType) .4, 01
..=.J
Arial
(TrueType) Arial Bold
(TrueType) Arial Bold Italic Arial Italic
(TrueType) (TrueType) .VnTimeH Italic
(TrueType) Arial Black
(TrueType) Hinh 88: Cua s6 ph6ng chu. Nguai sir d\mg vao File \ Install New Font... Sau do Ch9n 6 rna chua Font trong
hQp Drives. Ch9n thu mvc chua Font trong khung Folders r6i Ch9n Font trong List 4.5.1. Them phong chfr moo. OK )} Open List of jon!s:
MTBWidge!s [T rlleTypeI Print Close t , .:,tfBlI !'4ew toot", I DJGO ~electAIl A Delete I Foigers:
c'\wlndows Drives: Properties [Ne!work... ) !l!J ,VnArial ,VnArial ,VnArial
Narrow Narrow Bold Narrow Italic ,VnArial
NarrowH v ~ hOPY fonts to Fon!s folder A :~;r"'''~
LJ Debllg
LJ Downloaded Prog--......_····.. ~·__..·..~~_·
LJ Driver Cache
LJ Fon!s
LJ Help
LJ History v Hinh 89: Them ph6ng chu maio 62 4.5.2. X6a phong chii'.
- Cach 1: Nhay chuQt phfli VflO font cfin xoa trong danh sach cac font a cua s6 Fonts sau do ch<;>n Delete. - Cach 2: Nhay chuQt trai vao font cfin xoa, nguai su d\mg vao menu File \ Delete. Qpen ~rint Folders E!J m ~ rn Install New Font" . Go Qelete :!1 .Id P[operties .VnTime
(TrueType) 'ifI
- '
.VnArial Italic
(TrueType) .VnAristote
Medium ... .VnArial
Narrow (". gose "'-''-ii1{i " ~
'.~!J :!1 .VnTimeH
(TrueType) .VnTimeH Bold
(True Type) .VnTimeH Bold
Italic (True". .VnTime Bold
(TrueType) c.!]'
.VnTime Bold
Italic (Tru... 0] q) "",.. \
g! if!] ~ Arial Black Arial Bold Arial Bold Italic Arial Italic .VnTimeH Italic Arial -
- Jnnh90:X6aph6ngch~ -. 4.6. ThuQc tinh ciia bim phim (Keyboard). f)~ thi~t l~p thuQc Hnh ban phim, nguai su d\mg nhay dup chuQt trai vao bi~u tuqng Keyboard trong Control Panel. IIIflPff•.,_Ce ';;;,__;&_:;;n_ Eile Fi!vorites lools tielp ~dit ~ew i~!' Search Folders ITTIJ· ThuQc tinh lfiJ Go bim phim " i(t A Automatic
Updates Add or
RemoY',., ~~ ~
:Accessi5iiif;: Add Hardware
; ,..9..I2.~.ig.~.~ .. ; fj Flash player Date and Time Display Q1 Keyboard Java Game
Controllers Intel(R) GMA
Driver Internet
Options ~ !±! IJP:,
~! ~ ~ Mouse Network
Connections Devices Wizard Network Setup Phone and Portable Media
Modem ... ~~<$$l 41] ~ Power Options Printers and RealtekHD Regional and Scanners and
language .. ,
Sound Eff.. , Faxes Cameras I ~, v /\ ~ '""lil Jnnh 91: Thu9C tinh him phim. 63 Sau khi chon xufrt hi~n h(>p tho~i g6m cae the sau: - The Speed: Cho phep dinh efru hinh t6e d(> dap (rng eua bim phim v6i vi~e go bimphim. - The Hardware: Li~t ke cae lo~i bim phim duqe n6i viw may Hnh. Characte! repeat Repeat fJelay: q Long Short Bepeal rale: M. Slow ""'\ Fast
,) Click here and hold down a key 10 tesl repeal rale: Cur.: )l' glink rate None Fasl Hinh 92: Thiit 19p thu9C tinh bim phim. De thi~t l~p thu(>e Hnh eua ehu(>t, nguai su dl,mg nhay dup ehu(>t trai viw bieu tuqng Mouse trong Control Panel Folders [IT] • ~ Add Hardware Add or
Remov" , Administrative
Tools Automatic
Updates Accessibilit',
Options t....{i Display Flash Player Folder Options Fonts -, II '?I Java . . Intel(R) GMA
Driver Internet
Options Network Network Setup Phone and Portable Media Connections Wizard Modem", Devices ffinh 93: Thu9C tinh chu9t. 64 ""--- Sau khi eh9n xufrt hi~n hQP tho~i, t~i day nguai Slr d\lng co thS tuy ehinh cae thong s6
eua ehuQt tren cae the sau: 4K7rr"'rpt -UF"""'''''''7inrz r''' < Buttons .~~ir!~yJ: po~~_,q.e~~L~~~~ljj,~~_,!~_~~, ''''''<: " Butt.o"-· :;,:(:,r:fi:;",i:a~l~)n
[1~~!:~~~:Pi.~~~.Y~:~~.~.:~~f9ii~:~iy.~~~~.~~;
Select this check box to make the button on the
right the one you ure for primary function~ such
as selecting and dragging. ', ..
• >, ... [!Quble·,)i.:..i \;.:,t:;8,j
Double·c6ck the folder to test your setting. If the
folder does not open or close, try using a slower
setting Spee~, Slow Fast ChchlOf.;l
01urn on OickLock Enables you to highlight or drag WIthout hok:llng dO'Nl'llhe mouse
button. To set briefb' press (he mouse button. To release, chck the
mouse button again. OK I ) l .. 4_~! Hinh 94: Thiit l(ip thu(Jc tinh chu(Jt. -- - The Buttons: Xae dinh nguyen t~e ho~t dQng eua nut ehuQt hay phim.
- The Pointers: Xae dinh each hiSn thi con tro tren may tinh.
- The Pointer Options: Uua ra nhi~u 0 eh9n hay thanh truqt, nguai Slr dt,mg co thS xae dinh con tro se di ehuySn nhu th~ nilO tren man hinh. - The Wheel: U6i v6'i ehuQt dung banh xe di~u khiSn thay eho nut phili va nut trai, the nay xae dinh t6e dQ banh xe ehuySn ehuQt. - The Hardware: Li~t ke lo~i ehuQt duqe n6i v6'i may tinh. 4.8. K~t n6i m~ng (Network Connections). US thi~t l~p cae thuQe tinh k~t n6i m~ng, nguai Slr dl,lng nhay dup ehuQt trai vao biSu tuqng Network Connections trong Control Panel. Pm','§mR."r,ll=y,,_• •·"r_ Eile Y,iew Fgyorites Iools tielp ~dit ;'It' Search Folders ~GO Mdre55 'cy Control Panel -WI ~
~ AccessIbility Add Hard.......are Options Add Of
Remov... Administrative
Tools Automatic
Updates h to C.:ltegory "!lew ~Kq ,4 t.:!) fl rJ Fonts Display Flash player Folder Options: II .~ Java Keyboard Game
Controllers Intel(R) GMA
Driver Internet
Options ~", ~ l!¥ Network Setup Phone and Portable Media
Modem,.. Devices Wizard Hinh 95: Thu(Jc tinh kit n6i m(lng. 65 Sau khi h,ra ehQn xUfrt hi~n eira s6 mai Search .., Folders I;; i I.., o Back v I]Go Create a new
connection MSN
Una·v'>3!lable - de'v'lce ? Set up a home or small -
office network
\is Change Windows
Firewall settings . . Disable this network - device I
L-~ v lflnh 96: Cua s6 Network Connections. U€ efru hinh k~t n6i m~mg, nguai sir d\mg nhay ehu<)t phai VelO bi€u tuqng Local Bridge Connections Create ahortcut -'" Rename Pt:.operties Hinh 97: Vao cdu hinh thu9c tinh mgng. Sau khi iva ehQn xufrt hi~n h<)p tho?i Local Area Connection Properties, nguai sir -" dVng ehQn the General. -. 66 Conned using: lBiII Realtek PCle GBE Fami!y Controller , CQnfig4i~.,. I This c.Qnneclion uses the following items: ~ 'IF Realtek VLAN Intermediale Driver
~ =r Realtek NDIS Protocol Driver
~~ [ . J ~.!JsJall...
Description Transmission Conhol Prolocol/lnternet Prolocol. The default
wide area nelwork protocol thaI provides communication
across diverse interconnected networks. o Sho!ti icon in notification area when connected
o Nolify me when this connection has limited or no connectivity OK Cancel II ffinh 98: The General.
Nguaj su dl,mg nhay dup chU9t trM van Internet Protocol(TCP/IP), xu~t hi~n
h9P tho~i m6i, 6 day cho phep d~t dia chi IP, DNS do nguai qufm tri m~ng cung c~p
d€ van m~ng. Sau khi d~t xong nguai su dl,mg ch9n OK d€ xac nh~n. ] .."...... v~ng ~.~.~
Akl!i!rli$1~ CO!1:f Ch~ d~ IP t d~ ~, ~. .....•.~e .. :ll:o;:. Ch ....U' e Q
YO'J coo gellP ~ellrng"~ ~ic.~ ~'C',ifner",,:>!k SJ.,tj)pOfts
11)1. c.~J. Olher'Wi!?...... ~d 100 ~k ~'CI'Jf r.et1llQlk Use fhI, lotQ\~IP mets .......- l ~ DNS tU'don a
, . b _ Ot~,~.1 DN'S ?ep,'er a.:Jdie"$ ~~31~,_
tl'l!:' iok~ ONSzerV4?f ~estes j\ LDN~'---tvda-)] Hinh 99: Cai il(lt ilia chi cho mc;mg. 67 4.9. May in va may Fax (Printers and Faxes). ThuQc tinh Printers and Faxes cho phep nguoi su dt,mg thi€t l~p, cM di.it, go b6 may in hoi.ic may Fax trong Control Panel Nhay dup chuQt d~ thay d6i ~UQC tinh may in, may fax ,., 'vI !i1 Go 4)] Realtek HD
Sound Eff" . Regional and
Language" . Security
Center Scheduled
Tasl lflnh 100: Thu9C tinh may in va may fax. Sau khi h,ra ch9n xUl1t hi~n cua sf> m6i, t~i cua sf> mly se hi~n tl1t ca cac may in
tren may tinh, bao g6m ca may in C\lC bQ cling nhu may in m~ng. N€u chua cai di.it bl1t
Cll may in nao thi danh sach nay la mQt cua sf> r6ng. ~iew Eile l;.dit Fgvorites lools tielp Folders I;;;I
~ Auto Canon LBP2900 on
LETHANHTUNG-IBM See what's printing Select printing preferences _ P.5use printin9 ~ Share this printer
~ Ren.5rne this printer
X Delete this printer Set printer properties lflnh 101: Nhfi:ng may in ail cai aijt. 4.9.1. Cach cai d~t may in. Truong hqp 1: K€t n6i tn,rc ti€p may in vao may tinh thong qua cf>ng may in LPT hoi.ic cf>ng USB. each k€t n6i nay con duqc g9i la k€t n6i may in C\lC bQ va la h,ra ch9n
duy nhl1t n€u may tinh khong tham gia mQt m~ng chung nao. 68 - Bu6c 1: Ket n<3i may in vao may tinh, neu may in dung c6ng USB, chi c~n c~m
thAng vao may tinh. N eu may in ket n<3i v6i may tinh thong qua c6ng LPT, ngu<'Yi su
dVng cftn t~t may tinh tru6c khi thvc hi~n thao tac k~t n<3i, sau do kh6i dQng may tinh
d~ h~ di~u hanh tien hanh thao tac nh~n d'.lng may in. rna mQt trinh cM d~t giup them may in vao danh sach qm'm Iy. Welcome to the Add Printer
Wizard This wizard help.s you install a printer or make printer
connections. II you have a Plug and Play printer that connects
through a USB port (or any other hot pluggable
port, such as IEEE 1394, infrared, and so onl you
do not need 10 use this wizard. Click Cancel 10
close the wizard, and then plug the pfinter's cable
into your computer or point the printer toward your
compute,'s infrared port, and turn the printer on.
Windows will automatically install the prinler for you To continue. click Ne:-:t. I Oe;;:J, -_.._ "'"' Hinh 102: Cua sci Add Printer Wizard. - Bu6c 2: Tren Printer Tasks, nhay chuQt trai vao Add a printer, thao tac nay se to this computer. - Bu6c 3: ChQn Next, bu6c nay cho phep xac dinh may in mu<3n cai d~t Ia mQt
may in cve bQ hay mQt may in m'.lng, ngu<'Yi su dVng Iva chQn Local printer attached Local or Network Printer The wizard needs to know which type of printer to set up. Select the option that describes the printer you want to use: - Bu6c 4: Plug and Play, n~u may in ket n<3i v6i may tinh thong qua c6ng USB,
se Ia Plug and Play, khi do ngu<'Yi su dVng danh d~u chQn hOp ki~m tra Automatically
detect and install my Plug and Play printer. (i) l;;Q~ipii~i:~i~ii;C!;~:~:i:9.:ih;;;::c:9.~ii~i~i ~ E-,utomatically detect and inslall my Plug and Play printer () A n~twork printer_ or a prinler attached to another computer . To set up a network printer that is not attached to a print server,
,~) use the "Local printer" option. Li:S;~k=-=Jr···N;~t·;~·1 I·•• ··.--~--;=] Hinh 103: Thui)c tinh Local or Network Printer, 69 - N~u ch9n h9P ki~m tra nay, trinh cai d~t se tim ki~m may in tren tfrt ca cae
c6ng. Khi may in duqc tim thfry se tim driver c~n thi~t co trong ora quang ho~c tir thu
mvc tren 6 ora cling d~ cai d~t cho may in, nguai sir dVng co th~ thllc hi~n ngay bUGC
9 n~u hoan tfrt bUGC nay. This wizard automatically detects and installs new Plug and Play printers. Windows is searching for new Plug and Play printers to install. Searching... r······"C~~;~i"'·] Hinh 104: Qua trinh tim kiim may in. This wizard automatically detects and installs new Plug and Play printers. 11 The wizard was unable to detect any Plug and Play printers. To install the ..... ~ printer manually_ click Next. - Hinh 105: Chi ajnh may in qua c6ng. - 70 - Bu6c 5: Khi bu6c 4 khong th~ hoim d.t ho~c may in khong k~t n6i thong qua Select a Printer Port Computers communicate with printers through ports. 1!1 Select the port you warn your printer to use. If the port is not listed, you can create a
new port. v LPT1. (R ecommended Printer Portl o .!J.se the following port: Note: Most computers use the LPT1: port to communicate with a local printer.
The connector for this port should look something like this: (") Create a new port: Cancel ffinh 106: Lva ch9n c6ng may in. c6ng may in thi bu6c mly c~n chi dinh dff k~t n6i may in viw may tinh qua c6ng mio. - Bu6c 6: ChQn h,ra c6ng thich hqp sau do chQn Next d~ sang m\lc k~ ti~p. Inslall Prinler Software The manufacturer and model determine which printer software to use. m Select the manufacturer and model of your printer. If your printer came with an installation
disk. click Have Disk. If your printer is not listed. consult your printer documentation for
compatible printer software. Printers
?it AGFA·AccuSet v52.3
.~ AGFA·AccuSetSF v52.3
?it AGFA·AccuSet BOO
?it AGFA-AccuSet BOOSF v52.3 Manufacturer
tm'iD
Alps
Apollo
Apple
APS·PS ."';1,....•. _.,-.•. '... .".' ~~~"..,-... """".' ~~ fj;j This driver is digitally signed. Tell me why driver signing is important [ Cancel Hinh 107: L~ta ch9n may in. - Bu6c 7: ChQn h,ra m9t may in til danh sach. Sau bu6c chi dinh c6ng, nguai Slr
d\lng c~n h,ra chQn may in cua minh til danh sach li~t ke, xem chinh xac ten, model
may in cua minh tren tai li~u di kern may in. N~u trong danh sach khong co may in,
nhfrn Have disk d~ th\fc hi~n thao tac cai driver may in til CD di kern. - 71 - Buae 8: D~t ten may in va xae dinh may in m~e dinh. Nh~p vao m(>t ten b~t ky
tren may tinh eai thi€t I~p may in m~e dinh n€u
ti€p. eho may in eua minh va ehQn Yes d€
nhi€u han m(>t may in. Nh~n Next d€ sang buae k€ Name Your Prinler You must assign a name to this printer. rJ Type a name for this printer. Because some programs do not support printer and server
name combinations of more than 31 characters. it is best to keep the name as short as
possible. Erinter name: Do you want to use this printer as the default printer? :res NQ Hlnh 108: Dijt ten cho may in. - Buae 9: Chia se may in. N€u nguai sir dVng mu6n ehia se may' in eua minh eho ti€p. nhung thanh vien khae trong ml;lng thi Iva ehQn mve Share name va nh~p vao m(>t ten
d€ dinh danh tren ml;lng. N€u khong mu6n ehia se may in ho~e khong co k€t n6i vai
b~t ell ml;lng nao khae, ehQn h(>p ehQn Iva con Il;li. Nh~n Next d€ sang buae k€ Prinler Sharing You can share this printer with other network users. m If you want to share this printer. you must provide a share name. You can use the
suggested name or type a new one. The share name will be visible 10 other network
users. (!)[Q.2~9.(~G~;~ih,~:pi'~i~D () .2hare name: - C:~::J Hlnh 109: Thiit l(lp chia se may in. 72 + N ~u chQn Iva chia se may in, nguai su dVng c§n them m(>t bu6c nh~p them cac thong tin v~ may in d~ cac thanh vien tren mt;lng d~ dang tham chi~u. e Printer Sharing You can share this printer with other network users. 11 If you want to share this printer, you must provide a share name. You can use the
suggested name or type a new one. The share name will be visible to other network
users. () D.Q not share this printer
IIII'iDI
G:.) .9.hare name: I, Cancel Hlnh 110: EJijt ten va chia se may in. Location and Comment You have the option of supplying a location and description of this printer. You can describe the location and capabilities of this printer. This information may be
helpful to users. J:ocation: bomment: 'I .~ancel Hlnh 111: M6 ta v~ may in chia se. - Bucrc 10: In thu m(>t trang. Bu6c nay se yeu c§u in thu m(>t trang, nguai su
dVng chQn Yes d~ in thu hoi.ic n~u khong c§n in thu thi nguai su dVng chQn No sau do
chQn Next. 73 Print T est Page To confirm that the printer is installed properly, you can print a test page. m Do you want to print a test page? I~)t(~:~ ONQ '" Next> I L. Cancel I - Bu6c 11: Xem l(;li thong tin cua tol'm be> qua trinh cai d~t Completing the Add Printer
Wizard You h."tVe successfully compleled the Add Printer Wizard.
You specified the following printer settings: TUYEN TUYEN LPT1: AGFA-AccuSet v52.3 No Yes To close this I/'Iizard, click Finish. ;;~9fk Ir·....·Fi·~i·;h·· ...·] - Hinh 112: In thu tai li¢u. - Bu6c 12: Ch9n Finish de k~t thuc qua trinh cai d~t va ti~n hanh in thu. N~u
trang in thu thanh cong, ch9n OK de k~t thuc cong vi~c. N~u khong, nguai su dVng
ch9n Trouble Shoot va theo cae bu6c huang dfin de chin doan vfrn d~. 74 Hinh 113: Xem thong tin qua trinh cai dijt. A test page is now being sent to the printer. Depending on the
speed of your printer. it may take a minute or two before the page
is printed. The test page briefly demonstrates the printer's ability to print
graphics and tellt and it provides technical information about the
printer driver. If the test page printed, click 0 K.
If the test page did not print click Troubleshoot. ITro~bleshoot. .. I Hinh 114: Cua s6 Troubleshoot. TruOng hgp 2: K€t n6i may tinh vao mQt m,!ng C\lC bQ d€ su d\lng may in thuQc quy€n sa hfru cua may khac nhung da: di;it ch€ dQ chia se. - Nguai su d\lng d.n bi€t dia chi IP hoi;ic ten may cua may tinh co may in da: chia se. + D€ xem ten may tinh da: chia se may in, nguai su d\lng nhay chuQt phai vao My Computer sau do ch9n Properties. + Sau khi ch9n xUfrt hi~n hQp tho,!i m6i nguai su d\lng ch9n the Computer Windows uses the following information to identify your computer
on the network. Computer .description: For example: "Kitchen Computer" or "Mary's
Computer". Full computer name: . T~
.
en may tm NMTuyen TTTT.
- h J i: Workgroup: WORKGROUP LNetwork ID .. ] To use the Network Identification Wizard to jOin a
domain and create a local user account. click Network
ID. To rename this computer or join a domain. click Change. Hinh 115: Xem ten may tinh. 75 - Name, ten may tinh the hi~n adong Full computer name. Sau khi bi~t ten ho~c dia chi IP may tinh chua may in dff chia se, t;;ti may tinh d.n cai d~t may in qua m;;tng, nguai su dVng vao Start \ Run, trong h9P Open go \\Ten may
(Vi dv: \\VDNghiem_TTTT) ho~c \\dja chi IP (Vi dv: \\192.168.1.155) d~ cai d~t may
in qua m;;tng sau d6 ch9n OK. Type the name of a program, folder, document, or -- :6 Internet resource, and Windows will open it for you, Qpen: v \\VDNghiem_TTT1T Il§rowse ... I. Cancel Hinh 116: Ctta s6 Run. _. Sau khi ch9n xuclt hi~n cua s6 m6'i ta'NirrHU1.'''.tt yrt' .e_'trn ~iew l;.dit F:Sl.vorites Iools tlelp Eile Search Folders [illT t / - CanonLBP ,.z Add a net'Nork place
~~, View network connection~ ""0 Set up a home or small
office network Printers and Faxes ,~~ Set up a wireless network
for a home or small office View workgroup computers
filii show icons for net'Norked
...,... UPnP devices Hinh 117: Ctta s6 may in da chia se. - Nhay chu9t phai vao may in mu6n cai d~t sau d6 ch9n Connect.
t1Wt19mf!,li"';#ii~_tmri!'0"'_k.···········'1 Eile !;dit Iliew Fgvorites Iools tlelp Search Folders ' lmJ· , Mdress i; '\\\lDNghiem_TTTT ~ --. Qpen
connect.. , Create :;?,hortcut '"!f Set up a home or small
-,~ office netl,lo,lork Ptoperties ..... Set up a Il~ireless network
for a home or small office Printers and Faxes ~..
'l.I'lew I,ovmkgroup computers
fit Show jcons for networked
.~. UPnP devices Hinh 118: Kit n6i din may in chia se. 76 scripts that can be harmful to your computer, It is important to be certain that the computer sharing this printer is trustworthy, Would you like to con~nue? n You are about to connect to aprinter on VDNghiem_TTTT, which wW automatically instal aprint driver on your machine. Printer drivers may contain viruses or i .. No J [)'ei] I.... ffinh 119: H9P thoqi xac nh(in vi¢c cai agt. ~dit Eile :iiew Fgvorites Iools !jelp Folders 8 T Auto Canon LBP2900 on
LETHANHTUNG-IBM
'J See what's printing ~ Select printing preferences Canon LBP2900 on
VDNghiem_TTTT
J Pause printi"g _ Share this printer )(. Delete this printer .;;; Set printer properties ffinh 120: May in ail auQ'c cai agt. - Sau khi chQn xuc1t hi~n h(>p tho~i thong bao nguai su d\lng chQn Yes. • Se~ as l4eEal,llt ~rinter
Printing Pr~ferences, .. Pause Printing Sb.aring .. , Create :2.hortcut Q.elete Pr.operties Hinh 121: Thiit l(ip may in mgc atnh. 77 - Saukhi cai d~t xong, nguai su d\lng co th~ thi~t I~p may in m~c dinh n~u co
nhi8u may in da: duQ'c cM tren may tinh b~ng cach nhay chu(>t phai vao may in cfrn
thi~t I~p m~c dinh sau do chQn Set as Default Printer. Sau khi chQn may in se co bi~u
tugng dc1u "-1 " tren may in. fJrm__Nc '_ ~iew Eile I;.dit Fevorites Iools !:!elp Folders m~ Auto Canon LBP2900 on
LETHANHTUNG-IBM
c Canon LBP2900 on
VDNghiem_TTTT Hinh 122: May in ali au(Yc thilt l(lp m(ic atnh. - Thi~t l~p c~u hinh may in: D€ thi~t l~p c~u hinh may in, nguai su d\lng vao thanh thlJc dan cua cua sf> may in da cai d~t. Erinter Q.ocument ~iew tielp Subrr' Status Owner Pages Size Document Name odocument(s) in queue Hinh 123: C6u hinh cac thu9c tinh may in. 4.9.2. Xu Iy sl! cB may in.
Cac SlJ c6 lien quan d~n may in xay ra ah~u h~t cac chung 10(;1i (bao g6m ca may
in laser va may in phun). Trong do, may in laser thuang de kh~c ph\lc han so v6i may
in phun. Cac SlJ c6 xay ra chu y~u lien quan d~n thao tac dQc l~nh til nguai dlipg, ch~
d(> luu b(> nh6 d~m (Cache) trong may, may in bi kyt gi~y, dich V\l in bi 16i hay hi~n
tuqng nghyt d~u phun, kyt gi~y, rach gi~y, vv ...M(>t s6 truang hgp 16i may in thuang g~p: - .-, - Ra l~nh nhung may khong in: Thuang xay ra do nguai su d\lng gui qua nhi€u
l~nh in d~n may, khi~n qua trinh in bi "treo" ho~c vling b(> nh6 d~m (Cache) da d~y.
D€ kh~c ph\lc SlJ c6, nhay dup chu(>t vao bi€u
tuqng may in dang hO(;1t d(>ng tren khay
h~ th6ng, se th~y m(>t 10(;1t cac tai li~u in dang atr(;1ng thai waiting, nguai su d\lng hay
xoa s(;1ch hang dgi nay b~ng cach vao Printer \ Cancel All Documents (n~u chi mu6n
xoa rieng tung tai li~u, nguai su d\lng nh~n chQn tai li~u do, r6i b~m phim Delete). Khi
do, may se v~n ti~p t\lC in vai trang cu6i cling (do luu l(;1i trong b(> nh6 d~m).
78 - ~inter Qocument !:iew t:!elp Pages Size Subrr Status Owner Document Name Error - Print... Root 72.4 KB/72.5 KB 4:51' 1 II" 1 document(s) in queue Hinh 124: Himg a9'i in. - Hi~n tu<;mg den vimg nh~p nhay lien t\lc: Bi€u hi~n hic dang in tai li~u, b~t nga
may khong ti~p t\lC in, d6ng thai den bao hi~u mau vang tren may in chap t~t lien t\lc.
Co hai nguyen nhan gay ra SlJ c6 nay la may in bi k~t gifry ho~c gi~y chua ti~p xuc v6i
b<) ph~n n~p gifry. TruOng hqp may in bi k~t gi~y, nguai Slr d\lng ti~n hanh t~t may in
(nh~n nut "Power off "), ti~p d~n rna phc1n n~p d~y a phfa tren (d6i v6i dong may in
Canon LBP) ho~c n~m ch~t phc1n ga va keo b~t ra v€ phfa ngoai (v6i m<)t s6 dong
Laser HP), luc nay nguai Slr d\lng hay lfry h<)p mlJC (Cartridge) ra kh6i may va keo
phc1n gifry bam vao thanh cu<)n ra ngoai. Cu6i cung, l~p h<)p mlJc tra l~i va ti~n hanh
qua trinh in frn binh thuOng. TruOng hqp gi~y chua ti~p xuc v6i b<) ph~n n~p, khi SlJ c6
xay ra, nguai Slr d\lng se nghe ti~ng "c~ch c~ch" cua d<)ng co may in dang ho~t d<)ng,
hay dAy khay gi~y sat vao, cho t6i khi gi.ly du<;yc cu<)n va in d~ dang. - May in khong th€ k~t n6i v6i dich Vl) : Xay ra ngay khi in trong lc1n dc1u tien.
M<)t thong bao thuang co d~ng "Can not start spooler service" xu~t hi~n va qua trinh
in khong tlwc hi~n du<;yc. M<)t s6 truOng hqp in qua m~ng du6i hinh thuc chia se may
in, nguai su d\lng cling nh~n du<;yc thong bao tuang tlJ v6i dong tr~ng thai "Server
down ... "Phc1n 16n nguyen nhan gay ra SlJ c6 miy la do dich V\l in ~n da bi vo hi~u hoa
(Disable) ho~c cap k~t n6i gifra may in d~n may tfnh khong ti~p xuc t6t, nguai su d\lng
tra l~i dc1u cap va dam bao r~ng cap da du<;yc l~p dung vi trf. Vao Start \ Run,
nen ki€m
go l~nh services.msc va tim d~n nhanh Print Spooler, nhay dup chu<)t trcii vao dich V\l
nay va ch9n Automatic trong phc1n Startup type, sau do nh~n nut Start d€ khai d<)ng dich V\l. ~ner", IL"" Dr; I Recrt''''Y 1De~~1 Spooleot !Jisl,!ay namo;; ~: StartllJl~' Hinh 125: KhiYi a()ng djch v¥ may in. 79 - Server down: Chi xay ra khi in qua moi truemg m~mg (sir dVng may in chia se),
la do may tinh chia se may in dff t~t, vi v~y thong tin khong the
nguyen nhan chu y€u
xu~t ra may in, nguai sir dVng chi dn b~t may tinh chia se, cong vi~c in ~n se tr6' l~i binh thuemg. - Hi~n tUQ'Ilg den yang va do nh~p nhay lien tvc: Sv c6 nay thuemg xay ra n€u
dang dung cac may in phun. D~u hi~u nay cho bi€t h(>p mvc k€t n6i dff co v~n d~ (sir
dVng mvc bam l~i ho~c chip tren h(>p bi 16i). - Huy tai li~u dang in: Day la m(>t sv c6 cling thuemg xay ra, nguai sir dVng dff ra
l~nh in hang chvc trang tai li~u, b~t nga nguai sir dVng mu6n huy va khong ti€p tvc in
cac trang con l~i. D€ giai quy€t v~n d~ nay, vao Start \ Run, go l~nh Cmd. T~i cira sf>
Command Prompt, nguai sir dVng go VilO hai dong sau Net stop spooler, nh~il Enter
d€ dUng dich vv in, sau do go ti€p Net Start spooler d€ kich ho~t l~i dich vv in. - Ban in bi SQC, bi rna ho~c khong xu~t hi~n cMf: G~p hi~n tUQ'Ilg nay, nguai sir
dVng nen ki€m tra l~i lUQ'Ilg mvc in con trong h(>p (thong qua bi€u
tUQ'Ilg tr~ng thai 6'
khay h~ th6ng), n€u mvc trong may vfrn con, co kha nang bi t~c dfru phun, khi€n mvc
khong phun ho~c phun len gi~y khong d~u gay ra hi~n tUQ'Ilg ban in bi SQC. D€ kh~c
phvc sv c6, nguai sir dVng truy c~p vao cac cong cv ti~n ich cua may in (Utility), chQn
l~nh Clean Cartridge (ho~c Nozzle Check) va lam thea cac buac huang dfrn d€ him
s~ch dfru phun. 4.10. ThuQc Hnh am thanh (Sound and Audio Devices). Thu(>c tinh am thanh trong Control Panel cho phep thay df>i c~u hinh v~ xir ly am thanh, thi€t bi am thanh da phuang ti~n n6i vai may tinh. ~dit ~.iew F~vorites Eile lools tielp Search Folders (;;; I.. Add Hardware Accessibility
Options Thu9C tinh
am thanh Windows Update Network
Connections 80 ""--- Hinh 126: Thu9C tinh am thanh. Sau khi ch9n xuftt hi~n h9P tho~i g6m cac the sau: Realtek HD Audio output Device volume Low High o Mute ~ Place volume jcon in the taskbar [ Il,gyancec!... Speaker settings Use the settings below to change individual
speaker volume and other settings. . 5.Peaker Volume... ~ l t U " ' I L£~ Hinh 127: ThiJt l(ip tinh nang cua am thanh. - The Volume: Cho phep ftn dinh am Im;mg cua c~c am thanh thi~t bi.
- The Sounds: Cho phep xac dinh phcit ra am thanh nao cho tirng SlJ vi~c xay ra. thi cac lo~i dfru vaG va ra khac nhau: Phat am thanh, thu am - The Audio: Hi€n thanh va phcit nh~c MIDI. - The Voice: Tac dVng gi6ng the Audio, nhung co them cftu hinh tuy ch9n thu phcit ti~ng noi. - The Hardware: Li~t ke thiet bi da phuong ti~n va am thanh. 4.11. Quan ly titi khoan (Account). C6 hai lo~i tai khoan trong h~ di~u hanh Windows XP - Administrator: Day la lo~i tai khoan c6 quy~n cao nhftt va lam duqc tftt ca cac
thao tac tren may tinh. Vi dv: Cai di,it chuong trinh, thay d6i cftu hinh h~ th6ng, truy
c~p tftt ca tai li~u, them, sua, x6a cac tM khoan khac ... - Limited: Day la lo~i tai khoan chi duqc truy c~p Uti nguyen cua chinh tM khoan do va truy c~p nhfrng tai nguyen tir nhfrng tai khoan khac n~u duqc chia se. Thu9C tinh User Accounts cho phep t~o mai, quan ly tai khoan nguai dung. D€
quan ly cac tai khoan khac cfrn dang nh~p quy~n Administrator truac khi thlJc hi~n
thao tac quan ly tai khoan. 81 - ~dit F~vorites Eile :iiew Iools !::ielp Folders I:~ :;I... Add Hardware User Accounts vVindows Update Hinh 128: Thu(jc tinh tai khoim. - Sau khi eh<)n xu~t hi~n eua s6 quim ly tili khoan. Learn About
:lJ User accounts
;1) User account types
j) Switching users -" -
- Hinh 129: Cua s6 quim If; tai khoim. 82 - s6 mai, go ten tai khoilll cful t1;1o (vi dv: Tuyennm), sau do nguai sir dVng chQn Next. a en a u . I Iype a name for the new account:
IT uyennrrl
This name will appear on the V~'elcome
;>~~E!.E!.I"!. and on the ~t.:3!~ !f!.~I"!.~.- - - - - - , Next > i I CClncel I learn About an i1) User account t~/pe5 Computer Q.dministrator () limited With a computer administrator account, you can: • Create, change, and delete accounts
• Make system-wide changes
• Install programs and access all files , !?reate Account I Cancel I Hinh 131: Thiit lqp quy€n cho tiJi khoim. 83 Hinh 132: TiJi khoim mai ail au(Yc tqo. - Nhay chuQt trai vao bi~u tUQ11g Change an account, ch9n tai khoan mu6n thay d6i, gia su 6 day nguai su d\mg Ch9n tai khofm Tuyennm vira t~o d~ thay d6i. Related Tasks Create a new .9ccount learn About Tuyennm
Computer
administrator Nguyen
Manh Tuyen
Computer
administrator
Password
protected Guest
Guest account
is off Iv Hinh 133: Ch9n tiJi khoim thaya6i. 84 - Sau khi ngw'ri su d\mg ch9n tai khoan Tuyennm, xu~t hi~n h<)p tho~i m6'i Related Tasks r~fl
't"J: '\.J" Change another account Create a ne'l',' account u
rlr&l abo a
u =:I Change the n,:lme Tuyennm
Computer
administrator =:I Create a password =:I Change the picture =:I Change the account type =:I Delete the account - Change the name: Cho phep ngw'ri su dVng thay d6i ten Uti khm'm hi~n t~i b~ng ten m6'i Iype a new name for Tuyennm:
[iiit@eM This name will appear on the ....Velcome screen
and on the Start menu. - - - - - - - - - - - - , :: £hange Name Hinh 134: Thay t/6i thong tin cua tiJi khocm. j CSii~~1] - Create a password: Cho phep t~o m~t khfiu cho tai khoim, nh~m biw v~ thong
tin va dfr li~u, tninh duqc SlJ truy c~p tnii phep vao may tinh. M<)t m~t khfiu m~nh la
m~t khfiu dap ling duqc cac y~u t6: C6 tir 8 ky tv tro len, c6 chfr cM, chfr s6, va cac ky
tlJ d~c bi~t (@,l,#,$,%, ... ). 85 -- Hinh 135: Thay t/6i ten tiJi khoan. learn About ~ ~4' ()f' I rt 1~ Ii) Creating a secure password
Creating a good p.~ssword
hint You are creating a password for Tuyennm, Ir you do this, Tuyennm
will lose all EFS-encrypted files, personal certificates, and
stored passwords for Web sites or network resources. To avoid losing data in the future, ask Tuyennm to make a password
reset floppy disk, If the password contains capital letters, they must be typed the same
way every time, Type a word or phrase to use as a ~~s.s?!Clr_d_ ~i!1! ~ The password hint will be visible to everyone who uses this computer. Create Password ffinh 136: Tgo m(lt khdu cho tai kholm. E1 c:I Change the narne ~ Change the pass\·vord Tuyennm
Cornputer
adrninistrator
Password
protected ~ Remove the password =::I Chan,;)e the picture ~ Change the account t')'pe ~ Delete the account ffinh 137: M(lt khdu ail au(J'c tgo. - Change the password: Cho phep thay d6i m~t khfiu tai khoim dang dung.
Trang m\lC Type a new password: G5 m~t khfiu m6i dn d~t, Type the new 86 password again to confirm: Go m~t kh§u m6'i l~i l~n nita gi6ng nhu l~n go tru6'c, n~u
hai l~n go kh6ng kh6'p nhau se kh6ng thay d6i duQ'c m~t kh§u, Type a word or phrase
to use as a password hint: Nh~p vao tiT ho~c cvm tiT giup nguai su dVng hinh dung ra
duQ'c m~t kh§u trong truO'ng hQ'P quen m~t kh§u. • Home 1'1
o Back Learn About f-~~ ,t'f "'-:-:':"± [1: r?i@'l1 passwo j:1J Creating a secure password
[?'I Creating a good password
~ hint Remembering a password You are resetting the password for Tuyennm. If you do this,
Tuyennm will lose all EF5-encrypted files, personal
certificates, and stored passwords for Web sites or
network resources. To avoid losing data in the future, ask Tuyennm to make a
password reset floppy disk. Type a new password: Type the new password again to confirm: If the password contains capital letters, they must be typed the
same way every time. Type a word or phrase to use as a e~'!.5-,,~qrA~i,,!c The password hint will be visible to everyone who uses this
computer. Change Password' I I Cancel I Remove Password d€ thvc hi~n, Cancel d€ huy boo P~c;,iZt!H You are removing the password for Tuyennm. If you do this, Tuyennm
will lose alll:FS-encrypted files, personal certificates, and
stored passwords for Web sites or network resources. Also, if you remove this password, other people can gain access to
Tuyennm's account and change settings. To avoid losing data in the future, ask Tuyennm to make a password reset
floppy disk. f'Removep'';is~wo'r([''''''j ~,(,anc,e,I '.:, "":':':"-;"'/",... , .. . 1m,!! ffinh 138: Thay d6i m(lt khdu tai khoim.
- Remove the password: Cho phep x6a m~t kh§u dfi cai d~t, nguai su dVng chQn . 87 ffinh 139: X6a m(lt khdu ella tai khoan. - Change the picture: Cho phep thay d6i anh hien thi eua tM khoan, nguai su
dl,mg eh9n hinh anh trong khung eh9n, sau do eh9n Change Picture, d€ huy b6 l~nh
eh9n Cancel. n a u The picture you choose will appear on the l,y'e!c_o_l'rl~ .s?:e.er!., 'I v -
y. BrOI/',lse rl)r more pictures
() I. ChangePicture "I I Cancel I ~v~ ffinh 140: Thay i1di anh hiin fhi eua fiJi khoan. - Change the account type: Cho phep thay d6i lo~i tfli khoan, nguai su dVng
eh9n lo~i tfli khoan mu6n thay d6i sang sau do eh9n Change Account Type, d€ huy b6
l~nh eh9n Cancel. >. () Computer ::!dministrator ~) Wmited With a limited account, you can: • Change or remove your password
• Change your picture, theme, and other desktop settings
• View files you created
• View Files in the Shared Documents Folder Users with limited accounts cannot always install programs,
Depending on the program, a user might need administrator
privileges to install it. - Also, programs designed prior to Windows XP or Windows 2000
might not work properly with limited accounts, For best results,
choose programs bearing the Designed for Windows XP logo, or, to
run older programs, choose the "computer administrator" account
type, I Change Account Type l l Cancel I ffinh 141: Thay i1di loqi fiJi khoan. --, 88 l - Delete the account: Cho phep xoa tai khmin cua quy~n th&p han. Nguai su ·'V"Vtl nn Before you delete Tuyennm's account, Windows can automatically save
the contents of Tuyennm's desktop and "My Documents" folder to a new
folder called "Tuyennm" on your desktop. However, Windows cannot save
Tuyennm's e-mail messages, Internet favorites, and other settings. rii:e';;'p"files"'] 1.Q.' Hinh 142: Tinh nang xoa tiJi khoan. dl,mg Ch9n tai khmin mu6n xoa \ Delete Files, d~ huy bo l~nh ch9n Cancel. Hinh 143: Kit qua sau khi thay a6i fhong fin fiJi khoan. - Vi dl) 6 day nguai su dl)ng dfi thay d6i cac thu9C Hnh cho tai khmin Tuyennm
g6m: f)~t m~t kh~u cho tM khmin, thay anh dC;li di~n, thay d6i IOC;li tai khmin tu
Administrator sang Limited, kSt qua nhu sau: If you turn on the guest account, people who do not have an account can use
the guest account to log on to the computer, Password-protected files,
folders, or settings are not accessible to guest users, r"''''':lurn'OnJl)fGuest''AC£OY.~::.:::] ~ill Hinh 144: B(zf fiJi khoan khdch. - Tai khoan Guest: La tai khoan danh cho khach kh6ng truy c~p duQ'c tai khoan
chinh nSu duQ'c b~t len, tai khoan nay co gi6i hC;ln quy~n hC;ln nh&t dinh.. f)~ b~t tai
khoan Guest nguai su dl,mg ch9n Turn On the Guest Account, ch9n Cancel d~ huy
boo 89 5. DE Ml)C 5: Sfr dyng Ti~ng Vi~t. Sau khi hoim thanh nQi dung nay, ngU'Oi sfr dyng n~m dm!c: • Bang rna (phong chfr) Unicode TCVN 6909:2001 • Kieu go chfr ti€ng Vi~t trong may Hnh. 5.1. Bang rna. Th\fc hi~n thea Thong tu 01120111TT-BTTTT ngay 04/0112011 cua BQ Thong tin
va Truy~n thong v~ vi~c cong b6 Danh rnvc tieu chuii~ ky thu~t v~ (mg dVng Cong
ngh~ Thong tin trong ca quan Nha nu6c, trong do BQ kY t\f va rna hoa cho ti€ng Vi~t
bc1t bUQc ap dVng thea TCVN 6909 :200 1 De th6ng nhfrt su dVng bQ rna kY t\f chfr ti€ng Vi~t d6i v6i cac van ban di~n tu
trao d6i trong cac ca quan, dan vi, khc1c phvc cac l6i chfr Vi~t cua cac bQ phong ti€ng
Vi~t khac, hQi nh~p ti€ng Vi~t v6i cac ngon ngfr khac tren th€ gi6i, xoa bo rao can cua
ti€ng Anh trong (mg dVng cong ngh~ thong tin; d6ng thai khc1c phvc cac truang hqp bi
bi€n d6i phong chfr ti€ng Vi~t khi khai thac thong tin tren cac may tinh dan Ie, rn(;lng
cvc bQ, rn(;lng di~n rQng va rn(;lng Internet, t(;lO di~u ki~n thu~n lQ'i cho vi~c tim ki€rn,
khai thac va Hch hqp cac ca sa dfr li~u til cac van ban di~n tu luu trfr t(;li cac ca quan, dan vi thi nguai su dVng su dVng bQ rna phong chfr Unicode TCVN 6909:2001 trong cac (mg dVng sau: - Cac (mg dVng trong Tin hQc van phong. - Cac trao d6i thong tin chfr ti€ng Vi~t gifra cac may Hnh, rn(;lng cvc bQ, rn(;lng di~n rQng va rn(;lng Internet. - Cac giao dich, dich vv su dVng thong tin di~n tu, cac trang Web thong tin chfr ti€ng Vi~t. - Chuyen d6i, s6 hoa cac h6 sa luu trfr du6i d(;lng tho va d(;lng thong tin di~n tu,
Vi~t khac sang bQ rna cac ca sa dfr li~u da luu trfr thea cac bQ rna ti€ng
Unicode TCVN 6909:2001 tuy thea Hnh CfrP bach, quy rno va ph(;lrn vi phvc vv. 5.2. Ki~u go Ti~ng Vi~t. De go duQ'c chfr ti€ng Vi~t, nguai su dVng d.n cai d~t phan rn~rn h6 trQ' go chfr
ti€ng Vi~t. M6i bQ go ti€ng Vi~t khac nhau se h6 trQ' (rnQt ho~c nhi~u) bang rna va kieu
go khac nhau. M6i bang rna quy dinh vi~c the hi~n phong chfr khac nhau va rn6i kieu
90 -- go se quy dinh vi~c b6 d<1u b~ng cac phim b<1m khac nhau cho cac d<1u thanh, d<1u
mil va d<1u moc, vv... T~i Vi~t Nam hi~n nay co nhi~u phfrn m~m h6 trq cho vi~c go
chfr tit~ng Vi~t, ph6 bi~n la ph~n m~m: Unikey, Vietkey, vv ... Co nhi~u cach go d<1u thanh tren may Hnh khac nhau, hi~n nay co 2 ki€u ph6 bi~n nh<1t la ki~u Telex va ki~u VNI. - Ki~u go Telex la m(>t ki~u go ti~ng Vi~t thea hinh th(rc b6 d<1u khi nh~p van ban
vao may Hnh tir ban phim qu6c t~. Cach go Telex co Uti di~m la d~ hQc, d~ nha, d~
dung. Ki~u go nay hi~n la m(>t ki~u go ph6 bi~n va duqc da s6 phfrn m~m go ti~ng Vi~t
h6 trq. Khi nh~p van ban thea quy uac Telex tren ban phim qu6c t~, phfrn m~m tv
d(>ng chuy€n cac C\lm chfr tir quy uac nay sang chfr cai d(lc bi~t hay dc1u thanh tuong
(rng trong ph6ng chfr ti~ng Vi~t dang dung. - Ki~u go VNI la m(>t trong s6 cac quy uac nh~p ti~ng Vi~t tir ban phim qu6c t~ vao van ban tren may Hnh thea ki~u nh~p s6 sau chfr cai. . . . 00 06 ................................, .....••.•......... as 07 Dau wi nguyen am
a
e
6
a
a U' aw
ow
uw u7 ; . d9 ~ ~+.............. d
.~.~..~.._ . 1 dd
s f 2 5 r 3 nga iX ,
"T6 Iz .. X6a dau: duj: Vi 1 du5: Tieesng Vieejt Tie61 ng Vie65t Vf dl,.L
Tieng Vi~t mnh 145: Quy UO'C kidu go Tiing Vi?!. 91 BAr 1: cAc KHAr NrI;:M CO BAN VB MAy TlNH 1 1 1. Cac khai ni~m ca bim ve may tinh 1.1. Cac lo:;ti may tinh 1 1.2. Cac bQ pMn chinh Clla may tinh ca nhan (PC) 2 9 12 14 19 1.3. Thi€t bi hru tm ngoai (External Storage)
1.4. Cac thi~t bi d~u vao (Input Devices)
1.5. Cac thi€t bi d~u ra (Output Devices)
1.6. Sa d6 each d~u n6i, l~p d(lt thi€t bi ph~n Clmg
1.7. Ph~n m~m (Software) 21 1.8. Cach bao quan may tinh : 22 BAr 2: HI;: DrED HANH 23 23 23 1. DE Ml)C 1: T6ng quan v~ h~ di~u hanh
1.1. Khai ni~m h~ di~u hanh (HDH)
1.2. Phan lo:;ti h~ di~u hanh 23 2. DE Ml)C 2: H~ di~u hanh Microsoft Windows XP 25 26 2.1. Khai dQng, dang nh~p va thoat kh6i HDH Windows XP
2.2. Gi6'i thi~u man hinh n~n (Desktop) 27 32 3. HE Ml)C 3: Cac thao tac ca ban su d\lng Windows Explorer. 3.1. Khai dQng Windows Explorer. 32 3.2. Quan ly 6 rna Clmg 36 3.3. Cac thao tac v6'i thu m\lc va t~p tin 38 3.4. Cac thao tac khac 52 4. DE Ml)C 4: Trinh di~u khi~n (Control Panel) 55 4.1. Khai dQng chucmg trinh .' 55 4.2. Cai d(lt va lo:;ti b6 chucmg trinh (Add or Remove programs) 56 57 59 4.3. ThuQc tinh ngay, gia clla may tinh (Date & Time)
4.4. ThuQc tinh hi~n thi clla man hinh (Display) 4.5. ThuQc tinh ph6ng chfr (Fonts) ; 61 4.6. ThuQc tinh Clla ban phim (Keyboard) 63 4.7. ThuQc tinh Clla chuQt (Mouse) 64 4.8. K€t n6i m:;tng (Network Connections) 65 4.9. May in va may Fax (Printers and Faxes) 68 4.10. ThuQc tinh am thanh (Sound and Audio Devices) 80 4.11. Quan ly tai khoan (Account) 81 5. DE Ml)C 5: SU d\lng Ti~ng Vi~t. 90 90 5.1. Bang rna
5.2. Ki~u go Ti~ng Vi~t. 90 921.6.2. SO' dB dftu nBi, Hip d~t thi~t bi tren vo may tinh.
1.7. Ph§n m~m (Software).
1.7.1. Ph§n m~m h~ th6ng.
1.7.2. Ph§n m~m rrng d1}ng.
Office
2003
1.8. Cacb bao quan may tlnb.
Qpen
M .... f..lo::ah ... ,.-. ... L. DI ::::lIro::..
Drive) chQn fi1)C Properties, sau do nhay chuQt trai chQn Disk Cleanup.
-
+ Nhay chuQt phai vao thu m\lc mu6n t~o shortcut sau do chQn Send to \
Desktop (create shortcut) neu mu6n t~o shortcut tren nen Desktop .
..
3.3.4. ChQn thlf ill1).C, t~p tin.
Shift trong luc chQn thu m\lc, t~p tin.
-
~
lLW"
network, sau d6 bc1m OK d~ hoan tc1t vi~c chia se thu mvc tren m?ng nQi bQ.
..
What do you want to search for?
...
'_'I
4.4. ThuQe tlnh hi~n thi ena man hinh (Display).
4.4.1. Thay d6i ki~u dang ena eifa s6.
4.5. ThuQc tinh phong chii' (Fonts).
Fonts duqc dung d~ hi~n thi van ban tren man hlnh ho~c may in. Nguai sir dVng
co th~ xoa bo nhfrng font khong c~n sir dVng ho~c cai d~t them nhung font maL f)~
rna trlnh quan 1y font, nguai sir dVng nhay dup chuQt trai van bi~u tuqng Fonts trong
Control Panel.
i:""'1i:":':"\i":';lr::l
L!J ~ ~ E=J
of Fonts sau do Ch9n OK.
-
4.7. ThuQc tinh clla chuQt (Mouse).
..
Connection Manager
LAN or High-Speed Internet
LL:
L: __
~ Repair this connection
di'\ n
Area Connection ehQn Properties.
- - - - -
New Prinler Deleclion
New Prinler D eleclion
4.11.1. T~o tili khmin moo.
- Nhay chuQt trai vao bi€u tuqng Create a new account, sau khi chQn xu~t hi~n cira
Hinh 130: Go ten tiJi khoim cdn t(lo.
- Thi~t l~p quy~n cho tai khoan mai, a day co 2 101;1i tai khoan: Computer
Administrator va Limited, nguai sir dVng chQn 101;1i tai khoan dn tC:lo r6i chQn
Create A~count.
4.11.2. Thay oBi thong tin tili khmin.
Type a new password:
[
Type the new password again to confirm:
[
.
.
Me
WI
MlJC LlJC
