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The escalating global concern over environmental pollution, particularly from organic dyes in industrial wastewater, necessitates the development of advanced and efficient remediation technologies. Photocatalysis emerges as a highly promising approach, leveraging semiconductor materials to degrade recalcitrant pollutants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely favored photocatalyst due to its stability, non-toxicity, and cost-effectiveness. However, its practical application is limited by a wide band gap, allowing only UV light absorption, and a high electron-hole recombination rate, which curtails its overall efficiency. To overcome these inherent limitations, researchers have focused on modifying TiO2, often through noble metal doping. This study addresses these challenges by synthesizing Ag/TiO₂ photocatalysts integrated onto floating materials, aiming to enhance their photocatalytic activity for the effective decompose methylene blue and other organic color chemicals in aqueous environments.

Researchers and academics in environmental science, chemical engineering, materials science, and those involved in wastewater treatment and pollution control technologies.

This research details the successful synthesis and characterization of Ag/TiO₂ photocatalysts immobilized on novel floating materials for the efficient degradation of organic dyes. The methodology involved an optical synthesis process to incorporate silver nanoparticles (5–20 nm) onto a titanium dioxide matrix. Through systematic investigation of synthesis parameters, optimal conditions were identified: a 3-hour reaction time for uniform Ag/TiO₂ distribution and a 0.02 M AgNO₃ concentration for stable material formation. Comprehensive characterization using techniques such as UV-VIS, TEM, BET, XRD, and SEM confirmed the successful integration of Ag nanoparticles, revealing a relatively large specific surface area of 147.6552 m²/g and a porous structure conducive to enhanced photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic activity was rigorously evaluated using 1% methylene blue as a model organic pollutant. Results demonstrated high degradation efficiency, with up to 95.8% removal of methylene blue achieved under optimized conditions and an initial 0.05M AgNO3 concentration. This enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of silver, which significantly reduces the electron-hole recombination rate in TiO₂, thereby maximizing the utilization of light energy. The development of these Ag/TiO₂ photocatalysts on floating materials offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for treating wastewater contaminated with organic color chemicals, holding significant implications for environmental remediation and the design of advanced nanocomposite materials for various industrial and consumer applications. The natural buoyancy of the catalyst simplifies separation and reuse, further enhancing its practical utility.